This document discusses stress, its causes, effects, and coping strategies. It defines stress as the physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral response to threatening or challenging events. Stress has environmental, physiological, socio-cultural, and cognitive causes. It can have negative effects like unpleasant emotions and reduced performance, but also positive effects like increased alertness. Coping strategies are divided into problem-focused strategies which directly address the stressor, and emotion-focused strategies which help manage feelings about the stressor, such as social support, avoidance, or relaxation techniques. Effective coping involves selecting appropriate strategies to suit different stressful situations.

1. 1. Problem Focused
2. Emotion Focused

2. What Is Stress?

 Term used to describe the physical, emotional,
cognitive, and behavioral responses to events that
are appraised as threatening or challenging.
 We can prevent, control and cope up with stress.
 Stress is inevitable
 Stress has a cause, the cause can be known.
 We should control the stress.

3. Source of stress

 Environmental stressors
heat, cold, noise, traffic, pollution etc.
 Physiological stressors
illness, lack of sleep, poor nutrition etc.
 Socio-cultural stressors
financial problem, relationship problems,
work
 Cognitive factors
attitude, belief, our own thoughts

4. Negative effects of stress
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

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Generate unpleasant emotion
Promoting negative thinking
Narrowing attention
Preoccupation
It consumes mental energy
Interpersonal problem
Lack of motivation
Reduce performance

5. Positive effects of stress
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Prepare the body to meet challenges
Stress is a source of energy
Physiological arousal and alertness
Increase performance

6. Stress Responses
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 Behavioral
 Emotional
 Cognitive
 Biochemical
 Physiological
Emotional Reaction Due to Stress
change in emotion due to stress like anger , fear,
worry, isolation, negative thinking , unhappiness and
suicide feelings

7. Coping

Coping
“The process of managing external and/or
internal demands that are appraised as taxing or
exceeding the resources of the person.” By Lazarus and Folk man
(1984)
Basically…
Coping is anything we do to deal with stress!

8. Coping strategies

 Coping is simply an effort to solve personal and interpersonal
problems,
and
seeking
to
master,
minimize
or
tolerate stress or conflict.
 INDIVIDUAL COPING STRATEGY
 The first step in managing a conflict is individual coping. An
individual needs to manage the conflicts or differences inside
him to be able to come up to an agreement with the people
around him. Individual coping include :
 Exercise
 Relaxation
 Behavioral Self-Control
 Cognitive Therapy
 Networking

9. Benefits of coping
strategies

Tries to change and/or solve problem: Coping strategies
help reduce conflicts in organizations and lets the
employees work towards a common goal without
organizational hiccups.
Confronts the real problem: Coping helps realize the real
problems in the organizations. Problems such as low
performance and low employee satisfaction levels.
Keeps identity and role separate: Coping ensures that an
employees identity and their roles in the organization
remain separate, a mixture of these could result in higher
levels of conflicts in the organization.

10. Coping is divided into two
basic types:

 Problem-focused Coping
 Emotion-focused Coping

11. Problem-Focused Coping
Strategies

Problem-Focused strategies includes:
Defining the problem.
Generating the alternative solutions.
Weighing those solutions.
Implementing the selected alternative.

12. Problem-Focused Coping Strategies

This strategy relies on using active ways to directly tackle the
situation that caused the stress: you must concentrate on
the problem. Here are some examples:
 Analyze the situation
Pay attention, avoid taking on more responsibility than you
can manage.
 Work harder
Stay up all night to study for an exam
 Apply what you have already learned to your daily life.
You lose your job for the second time - you now know the steps
to apply for a new job
 Talk to a person that has a direct impact on the situation
Talk directly to your boss to ask for an extension to the project
that is due in one week.

13. Problem-Focused Coping
Strategies


14. Emotion-Focused Coping
Strategies

- Means concentrating on alleviating the emotions
associated with the stressful situatione.
- Especially when the situation is beyond one’s
control.
 Emotion-focused strategy
Emotion-focused coping strategies are used to handle
feelings of distress, rather than the actual problem situation.
You focus on your emotions:
 Brood
e.g. you accept new tasks instead of saying “no”, but you
keep complaining and saying it is unfair.

15. Emotion-Focused Coping Strategies
 Imagine/Magic thinking
You dream about a better financial situation.
 Avoid/Deny
You avoid everything that is related to this situation or you take
drugs and/or alcohol to escape from this situation.
 Blame
You blame yourself or others for the situation.
 Social support
You talk to your best friend about your concerns.
 In a long-term perspective, are these strategies harmful?
 Imagine that you are having a bad day at work and that you do
not feel like seeing your boss. You can avoid him for many
hours or even a day, but if you avoid him everyday this
strategy will become unsuccessful and may even cause extra
stress. This is why it is important to develop different strategies
in order to adapt to different situations.


16. Emotion-Focused Coping
Strategies

 Release pent-up emotions
 Distracting one-self
 Manage hostile feeling
 Meditaring
 Relaxation techniques
 Proffered by women
 Reduction in perceived control

17. Coping strategies with
stress
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11.
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Develop Right Views
Don’t Set Unrealistic Goals
Stop comparing with others
Learn To Accept Inevitable Things
Make Decisions When You Need To
Plan And Organize
Exercise regularly
Have Recreational Activities And Hobbies
Lend A Helping Hand
Think Good Thoughts
Practice Relaxation Techniques

18. Religion
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8 things you can do counteract the effects of Stress
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2.
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7.
8.
increase dhikar (remembrance of Allah)
increase prayers
Perform ablutions
Ask for forgiveness
Recite the HOLY QURAN
Make the hereafter one’s concern
Think positively
Do not waste time on thoughts of fear or stress

19. The
End

May You Be
Free From
All Stress
When You
Realize
What Is
Best!
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