The Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) is a personality test developed by psychologist Allen L. Edwards in 1953. It measures 15 personality needs or motives and consists of 225 pairs of statements to assess these needs. The EPPS is primarily used for personal counseling but can also be used for career guidance and recruitment. It provides a quick measure of independent personality variables and has good reliability due to the low intercorrelations between variables. The EPPS is still published internationally and has been translated into several languages.

2. EDWARD PERSONAL
PREFERENCE SCHEDULE

3. INTRODUCTION
.
EPPS was developed by
psychologist ,Allen L.
Edward , who was also
the professor of
university of
Washington in 1953.

5. CONT.....
. This test can be used for people within 16-85
yrs and takes about 45 mins to complete.

6. Murray's Theory of Psychogenic
Needs
• American psychologist Henry Murray
developed a theory of personality that was
organized in terms of motives, and needs.
Murray described a need as a potentiality
or readiness to respond in a certain way
under certain given circumstances.
• Theories of personality based upon needs
and motives suggest that our personalities
are a reflection of behaviors controlled by
needs.

7. TEST FORMAT

8. 15 TEST FORMAT
Acheivement--- A need to accomplish tasks well.
Deferance-------A need to conform to customs and
defer to others.
Order------------A need to plan well and be organized.
Exhibition----- A need to be the centre of attention in a
group.
Autonomy--- A need to be free of responsibilities and
obligations.
Affiliation----A need to form strong friendships and
attachments.

9. CONT.........
Intraception----A need to analyse behaviours and
feelings of others.
Succorance—A need to receive support and attention
from others.
Dominance—A need to be a leader and influence
others.
Abasement—A need to accept blame for problems
and confess errors to others.
Nurturance- a need to be of assistance to others.
Change---A need to seek new experiences and avoid
routine.

10. CONT............
Endurance—A need to follow through on
tasks and complete assignments.
Heterosexuality—A need to be associated
with and attractive to members of opposite
sex.
Aggression- A need to express ones opinion
and be critical of others.

11. TEST CONSISTENCY
The inventory consists of 225 pairs of
statements in which items from each of
the 15 scales are paired with items from
the other 14 plus the other fifteen pair of
items for the optional consistency check.
This leaves the total number of items at
210. Edward has used the last 15 items to
offer the candidate the same item twice,
using the results to calculate a consistency
score.

12. USES
• The EPPS is primarily used for personal counseling
but, can also be used as a recruitment tool.
• It has been hypothesized that personality needs
have a significant impact upon eventual
occupational placement.
• The Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS)
was designed to provide researchers in Career
development with a quick and convenient
measure of a number of relatively independent
personality variables, or needs.

13. ADVANTAGES
The EPPS was designed to illustrate relative
importance to the individual of several
significant needs & motives

14. RELIABILITY
The inter-correlation of the
variables measured by EPPS are
quite low. It indicates that the
variables being measured are
relatively independent and the
schedule is quite low.

18. CONCLUSION
The EPPS has been published for a long period of
time through The Psychological Corporation, now
known as Harcourt Assessment. In 2002 the
worldwide publishing rights have been returned
by Harcourt to the Allen L. Edwards Living Trust.
Internationally there is a translation in Dutch,
which has been published in the Netherlands
legally until 2002 (by Harcourt Test Publishers).
There is also a translation into Japanese,
published in 1970 by Nihon Bunka Kagakusha,
Tokyo. The EPPS is translated into Spanish in 2014
in Mexico.

19. BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Educational Testing Services. (1992). "The ets test collection
catalog:Affective measures and personality tests", Arizona: Oryx Press.
2. Kaplan, R. M., & Saccuzzo, D. P. (2009). "Psychological testing: Principles,
appoications, and issues" (7th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth
3. Cherry, Kendra. (2012). "Murray's theory of psychogenic needs".
Retrieved November 21, 2012,
from http://psychology.about.com/od/theoriesofpersonality/a/psychog
enic.htm
4. Edwards Personal Preference Schedule EPPS. (n.d.) Retrieved
November 21, 2012 from http://www.scribd.com/doc/40156050/The-
Edwards-Personal-Preference-Schedule.
5. Cps.nova .edu/cpphelp/EPPS.html
6. . https:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwards-personal-preferance-schedule