14. Relationship with
Development of
Peers
Self-concept
(Bronfennbrenner's
(Low- self-worth)
Ecological Theory)
Relationship with Self-Management
Parents (Baumrind's (Social Emotional
Parenting Style) Competencies)
15. Problem statement (1)
John refuses to participate in
class and claims that nobody
wants to work with him.
16. Bronfennbrenner’s Ecological Theory
• John’s Family Microsystem:
Negative direct interactions with his parents.
• In turn, it affects how he behaves in school, as
there are linkages between Family and School
within the Mesosystem.
• As a result, John has a lack of both social skills
and sense of industry.
17. What could be done
• Highlight the importance of acceptance to the class.
• Teacher to build up mutual trust with John then to
have 1-1 informal talks with him outside curriculum
time
• Create a collaborative learning environment for
students in class to foster positive peer relationship.
18. Problem statement (2)
John has low self-concept and
does not believe that he will do
well due to previous history of
poor academic performance.
19. Development of Self-concept
(Low- self-worth)
Self-concept is an individual’s perception of himself
that is formed over time.
Emotional
Social Self
Self
Physical Academic
Self Self
Self
Concept
It is composed of all the beliefs (general characteristics and abilities)
and evaluations the person has about himself.
These beliefs (self-image) and evaluations (self-esteem) actually
determine not only who he is, but what he think he is, what he
think he can do and what he think he can become. (Burns, 1982)
20. What could be done
• Positive affirmation in every effort and
improvement
• Assign responsibility to give him a sense of
belonging to the class
• Assign achievable bite size assignment and
assessment for him to build up his confidence
21. Problem statement (3)
John has poor rapport with
parents and there is minimal
understanding between them.
22. Baumrind’s parenting styles
Authoritarian
• Parents are restrictive and disciplinary.
• Child lack of social and communication skills.
Neglectful
• Parents are uninvolved.
• Child has poor self-control, lack of independence ,
low achievement motivation .
23. What can be done
• Build rapport with John
• Teacher to communicate with parents on
regular basis to update and track on John’s
progress
• Seek assistance from counselor when working
with parents
24. Problem statement (4)
John has problems managing his
social and emotional learning
skills.
25. Inadequate social skills
Loneliness
Inadequate Apathy
Withdrawn -Indifferent
Social Skills
Delinquency
- Getting into
trouble
26. 10 risks factors for school violence
1) Poor Parenting 6) Academic failure and school bonding
2) Lack of supervision 7) Bullying and Teasing
3) High exposure rate to media violence 8) Prejudice and Discrimination
4) Drug and Alcohol abuse 9) Alienation
5) Depression 10) Instability of environment
27. What can be done
• Assign Buddy
• Teacher to role model positive social skills and
attitude
• Teacher to create inclusive learning
environment
28. Limitations of Solutions
• Collaborative learning environment for
students might not be feasible as John may
not want to cooperate and vice versa.
• Positive affirmation in every effort and
improvement may not be feasible as John
might not put in enough effort to accomplish
a task.
29. • Assigning of Buddy might not work as his
classmates might not want to work with John
at all.
• Teacher to communicate with parents on
regular basis to update and track on John’s
progress, this would be difficult to achieve as
parents might not be cooperative.
30. QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
1) What are the four learning
issues that John faced?
Answers:
1) Relationship with parents
2) Development of self-concept
3) Relationship with peers
4) Self-management
31. QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
2) Name one solution to the issue?
•Assign buddy/ responsibility
•Create inclusive learning environment
•Communication with parents
32. References
• Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Theory - An Introduction to
Educational Psychology Lecture Notes.
• Erikson’s Lifespan Development Theory
• Maslow’s model of Seven Levels of Human Needs
• Tan, O.S., Parsons, R.D., Hinson, S.L., & Sardo-
Brown, D, (2011). Educational Psychology: A practitioner-
researcher approach. An Asian Edition (2nd ed). Singapore:
Thomson
