Eco tourism: Scope and Opportunities in RPCAU

ECO-TOURISM :
Scope & Opportunities in RPCAU
Sanjib Kumar Parida
Roll No- 1805204033
MBA (Agribusiness)
School of Agribusiness and Rural Management,
Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

Objectives
 To analyze the conceptual background of Indian ecotourism.
 To analyze the impact of Indian ecotourism.
 To study the Basic Principles of Eco-Tourism.
 To know the innovations and promotions of ecotourism in Bihar.
 To identify the Scope and Opportunities of ecotourism in RPCAU.
2

Scenario of Indian tourism
• India, Richness of flora and fauna and the wide range or ecosystems
including mountains, coasts, rivers,forests, deserts and grasslands.
• India, the land of varied geography
• One of the 12-mega bio-diverse countries
• Rich cultural heritage
• The Himalayan Region, Kerala, the northeast India, Andaman &
Nicobar Islands and the Lakshadweep islands
• Thenmala – First planned ecotourism destination
3Source: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/chapter_04.pdf

4
Source: The International Eco Tourism Society, https://ecotourism.org/

ECOTOURISM
 Tourism has become one of the major sectors of Indian economy and Ecotourism is
entirely a new approach in tourism.
 Ecotourism is defined as “Responsible travel to natural areas that conserve the
environment and improves the well-being of local people” . (Source:The EcoTourism Society)
 Ecotourism has received much attention in recent years especially within the
developing world.
 Ecotourism was globally identified as a means of achieving twin goals of bio diversity
conservation and sustainable development.
5

Ecosystem
Tourism
Ecotourism
6

Conceptual Background of Indian Ecotourism
 Hector Ceballos popularized the term ‘Ecotourism’ in July 1983. (Source: IHE,
Page 20)
 Born in its current form in the late 1980s, Ecotourism came of age in
2002, when the United Nations celebrated the “International Year of
Ecotourism”. (Source: www.un.org)
 The growth of mass tourism during the 20th century prepared the ground
for the genesis of eco tourism primarily because of two reasons.
 First, mass tourism fell heavily on the natural environment causing
considerable loss to natural resources and
 Secondly, ecotourism or the nature based tourism, as is generally accepted
provided a new and more stable, sustainable and commercially viable
tourism product that suited to the interests of the tourists, entrepreneurs
and the governments.
7Source: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/chapter_04.pdf

Atidhi Devo Bhavah
• Mantra of the Indian tourism sector , Atidhi Devo Bhavah (Guest is God).
• According to New National Tourism Policy, the concept revolves round a framework-
Government led, private sector driven and community welfare oriented.
• The tenth plan approach to the sector was also aimed at ensuring that the tourist to
India gets “physically invigorated, mentally rejuvenated, culturally enriched, spiritually
elevated and feels India within him”.
Source: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/chapter_04.pdf
9

Difference between Agro Tourism and Eco Tourism
 Agro-tourism includes, having
people pay to visit and / or learn
about different farming activities.
 The impact of Agro Tourism can
be greatest in locations where
tourism is growing rapidly and
where tourism offers a concurrent
source of income to traditional
cultivation of crops for a farmer.
 Eco-tourism is nature based
tourism that involves education &
interpretation of the natural
environment and is managed to be
sustained the ecology.
 It enhances the awareness and
appreciation of nature.
Some common features like rural development and agriculture
development in between the two concepts, but the borderline being
blurred or - with a slight overlap.
Source: ICAR Technical Bulletin no.46 (Agro-Eco- Tourism)10

The key players in the ecotourism
• The key players in the ecotourism business are governments at
levels, the local authorities, the developers and the operators, the
visitors, and the local community.
• Non-governmental organizations and scientific and research
institutions also plays a key role in the development of
ecotourism.
• Some organizations are Asia Pacific Ecotourism Society,
Discovery Mice, World Tourism Organization, The International
Ecotourism Society (TIES), Ecoindia etc.
11Source: shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/19757/14/14_chapter3.pdf

12
Components
of Eco tourism
People
Nature
and
education
Cultural
Products
Source: ICAR Technical Bulletin no.46 (Agro-Eco-Tourism)

Environment Economic
Social

Contribution of Different Economic Sectors to the Employment
Tourism
47.5%
Agriculture
44.7%
Manufacturing
12.6%
Mining &
quarrying
2.6%
Railways
0.9% Other Transport
13.8%
Source: Central Statistical Organisation (CSO) Enterprise, Ministry of Tourism, Government of India.
14

Share of India in International Tourist Arrivals (ITAs) in World and Asia & the Pacific Region
1.11 1.18 1.17
4.68 4.76 4.81
0
2
4
6
2015 2016 2017
% share in ITA of India in World % share in ITA of in Asia & the Pacific
Source: UNWTO Barometers of August 2015, May 2016, July 201715

Key Statistics : India
Source: (i) Bureau of Immigration, Govt. of India, (ii) Ministry of Tourism, Govt. of India.
No. of Foreign Tourist Arrivals in India
Annual Growth Rate
10.04 Million
14.0 %
No. of Indian Nationals Departures from India
Annual Growth Rate
23.94 Million
9.5 %
No. of Domestic Tourist Visits to all States/Uts
Annual Growth Rate
1652.49 Million
2.3 %
Foreign Exchange Earnings from Tourism
i) In INR terms
Annual Growth Rate
ii) In US$ terms
Annual Growth Rate
Rs.177874 Crore
15.4 %
US$ 27.31 Billion
19.1 %
16

Share of Top 10 States/UTs of India in Number of FTAs
18.90%18.10%
13.20%
10.20%
6% 5.90%
4.10% 4.10% 4%
3.10%
12.40%
Percentage(%)
Source: State/ UT Tourism Departments 17

STATISTICS OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN TOURIST VISIT TO THE STATE OF BIHAR
2015 2016 2017 2018
Domestic 28029118 28516127 32414063 33621613
Foreign 923737 1010531 1082705 1087971
Total 28952855 29526658 33496768 34709584
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Source: Department of Tourism, Bihar, Patna18

19Source : Report on 20 Years Perspective Tourism Plan For The State Of Bihar, Govt. of India. (March 2003)

Some Statistics
 8.8% annual growth in tourism demand.
 7.9% growth per annum in tourism-related GDP.
 US$ 275.5 billion by 2018 at a 10.1% annual growth rate. (Source : WTTC & UNWTO)
 10.5% annual growth in overseas visitors.
 7.5% increase per annum in capital Investment in tourism.
 5.1% annual growth in government expenditure on tourism.
 India will be hosting 8.90 million tourists by 2020... (Source : World Travel and Tourism Council)
 Status suggest that each year the revenue grow by 7.7%.
 UNWTO – estimating that ecotourism accounts for 10-15% of global tourism.
Source: (i)World Travel and Tourism Council, (ii) UN World Tourism Organisation (2018)20

Bihar State Government Initiatives
21
• UNESCO World Heritage Sites: Mahabodhi Temple Complex at
Bodh Gaya, Nalanda
• Buddhist attractions: Bodhgaya, Rajgir, Nalanda, Patna, Vaishali ,
Lauriya Nandangarh, Lauriya Areraj, Kesariya, Vikramsila
• Nature & Wildlife: Rajgir,Vikramsila, Kanwar Jheel Sanctuary etc
Tourism
Potential
Source: FICCI & Yes Bank Report on TOURISM INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS

• Establishment of Tourist Security Force
• Preparing and Implementing Master Plans for Integrated
Development and Marketing of Identified Circuits
• Upgrading and Augmenting of Accommodation, Catering and
Recreational Facilities:
• Establishing and Strengthening Institutions for the Development
of Human Resources
• Effective Marketing of Destinations both in the Domestic and
International Market
• 100% Exemption in Stamp Duty, Registration Fee, Electricity Duty
and Conversion Charges
• Luxury Tax exemption for seven years
Policy
Highlights
22Source: FICCI & Yes Bank Report on TOURISM INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS

23
• Organization of mega events like Prakashotsava and Kalachakra
• The State Government has extended air connectivity to Gaya
• Participated in leading international tourism marts at Mauritius,
London, etc
• The State Govt. has planned 2 mega religious tourism circuits
(Buddhism & Jainism), 2 Mega theme parks based on the life of
Buddha and Mahavir (to be constructed at Bodh Gaya and Rajgir)
and eight mega centres for educational, cultural and religious
tourism (Bodh Gaya, Rajgir, Patna city, Vaishali, Nalanda,
Vikramasila, Ashok Dham, Munger.
• A fortnight-long Pitripaksha mela, held every year at Gaya,
attracts large number of domestic as well as international tourists
Key
Initiatives
Source: FICCI & Yes Bank Report on TOURISM INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS

National Eco-Tourism Policy and Guidelines of the Ministry of Tourism,
Government of India
• It should involve the local community and lead to the overall economic
development of the area.
• It should identify the likely conflicts between resource use for tourism and
the livelihood of local inhabitants and attempt to minimise such conflicts
24
7-s Mantra of Swaagat (welcome), Soochanaa (information), Suvidhaa (facilitation), Surakshaa
(security), Sahyog (cooperation), Sanrachnaa (infrastructure) and Safaai (cleanliness).
Source: shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/19757/14/14_chapter3.pdf

Eco-Tourism Projects Sanctioned in 2015-16
25
Source : https://community.data.gov.in/eco-tourism-projects-sanctioned-in-2015-16/

Recent Initiatives in Eco-Tourism in India
 Horsely Hill in Chittor district of Andra Pradesh
 Satkosi in Orissa (Rs.4.25 crore)
 Morni-Pinjore Hills and Sultanpur National Park in Haryana (Rs 2.63 cr)
 Wayanad in Kerala (Rs.2.01 crore)
 Tourist Circuit in Assam (Rs. 4.97 crores)
 Mechuka destination (Rs.4.41 crores) in Arunachal Pradesh
 Khensa destination (Rs 4.58 crore) in Nagaland Circuit,Tamil Nadu.
Source: Report on Ecotourism by Andrew L Myrthong, Dept. of Pomology and Floriculture26

Private initiatives
 Casino Group of Hotels, Tours India Ltd-adopted 2 tribal villages in Kerala
 GEF Project-Gulf of Mannar, Tamilnadu
 Sikkim Biodiversity and Ecotourism Project
 Periyar Tiger Reserve, Kerala-India Ecodevelopment Project
 Corbett-Binsar-Nainital Ecotourism Initiative, Uttarakhand
 Great Himalayan National Park, HP-Eco Development Project
Source: Report on Ecotourism by Andrew L Myrthong, Dept. of Pomology and Floriculture27

RPCAU
Faculties :
Students :
Faculty (RPCAU Campus) 146 no.
Higher Officials 25 no.
Others (Worker level) Approx 250 no.
Total 421 no.
UG (RPCAU Campus) 520 no. ( Total in 4 Years)
PG 478 no. ( Total in 2 Years)
PhD 123 no. ( Total in 3 Years)
Total 1121 no.
Source: https://www.rpcau.ac.in/ 28

Major ecotourism destinations
• Eco-Tourism in Kerala-A paradise for tourist
• Sundarban Eco-Tour- World’s largest natural delta
• Goa Eco-Tour
• Himalayas
• Andaman and Nicobar Islands
• Coorg
• Kodaikanal
• Sikkim
• Shimla
• Uttaranchal

Eco-Tourism Resources of India
 Biosphere Reserves

Top 7 States That Are Promoting Ecotourism In India
Himachal Pradesh Uttarakhand Arunachal Pradesh West Bengal
Assam Sikkim Kerala
Source: https://www.holidify.com/pages/top-places-for-ecotourism-in-india-1730.html31

SOME TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF BIHAR RELATED WITH ECOTOURISM
Kakolat Water Fall Ghora Katora Lake
Valmiki Nagar Tiger Reserve Bhimbandh Wildlife
Source: http://bstdc.bih.nic.in/eco_tourism.htm
32

SCOPE
AND
OPPORTUNITIES
FOR ECO-TOURISM IN RPCAU
33

SCOPE OF ECOTOURISM IN RPCAU
 Eco-Tourism Farms as Knowledge Centres on Biodiversity
Vegetables grown at eco-tourism unit Orchids for display and sale Banana plantation
34
 Scope for Horticultural crops
 Scope : Ecology and education
 Scope : Aesthetic Pleasure
 Scope for Policy interventions

Various facilities will be available at Eco -Tourism centres
Tree hut at agro-eco-tourism unit View of restaurant Swimming pool at agro-eco-tourism unit
35
Relaxing by riverside
Making agro-tourism attracting with
artisans Accommodation at agro-tourism centre

36
Old houses can be a part rural heritage Old machinery at display Rural artisans at display
Folk dance being played Place for meetings and paries Restaurant at an eco-tourism unit

37
Antiques AntiquesOrganic Sale
Miniature Village Creation of Value farm
Source: www.Google.com

ATTRACTIONS OF ECO-TOURISM CENTERS
38
 Eco-Sensitive Resort (Cottage or bamboo)
 Food processing park
 Bio-technology & Biodiversity park
 Organic food centers
 Dairy cattle farms
 Poultry & Goat farms
 Vegetable & Medicinal farms
 Eco-Friendly Kitchen (Cooking demos to
Satisfy housewives )
 Green house farming
 Bee keeping & Mushroom Cultivation
 Arts & Crafts Demonstrations
 Fee fishing / Pedicare
 Roadside stand selling fresh farm products
 Herb walks in the park
 Miniature village
 Antique Villages
 Collection of old farm machinery
 Agro-export zones
 Lillypool having Fishes & Swan
 Watershed farming models/ IFS
 High Tech Crop production center
 Big banyan tree (Shady spot for Rest)
 Commercial floriculture
 Vermicomposting
 Boating or River Rafting (Gandak River)
 Horticulture/Forest Nursery
 Educational Tours for school children,
officers and progressive farmers.
 Workshops & Conferences hall
 Festivals with wide publicity and
sponsorship.
 E-Rickshaw

Opportunities in RPCAU
 Diversified culture of India
 Freedom of Living style with in the boundary.
 Cooperation from the locals
 Well connectivity
 No competitiors
 Easy availability of basic aminities
 Maximum Utilization of barren lands
 Key skill learning of Post harvest products as well as farmings.
39

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ECO-TOURISM IN RPCAU
• Have something for visitors to see : Animals, birds, and nature.
Apart from these, culture, dress, festivals.
• Have something for visitors to do : Participating in swimming,
Cooking etc.
• Have something for visitors to buy : Crafts, fresh products,
processed foods are the few items which tourist can buy as memento for
remembrance.
40
Source: http://eprints.naarm.org.in/210/1/Agri-tourism-Final%20report.pdf

USP :
With the tagline “A tradition of Excellence”,our Ecotourism services focuses
on fulfilling the Visitor needs.
Visiter Profile:
 Relatives of Students
 Training Participants
 Study tour Students
 Guest Lecturers & Visiting Scientists
 Domestic & Foreign tourists
44

Market Strategy for developing of Eco-Tourism Concept
1. Product = Customer Needs & Wants :
The product in Eco-tourism is seeing, believing and ultimately experiencing.
2. Price = Customer Cost:
a. Customer segment pricing : Domestic and foreign tourist could be priced
differently as the capacity to pay is different.
b. Location pricing : Pricing in Eco-tourism depends upon location and
importance.
c. Time pricing : Eco-tourism units can charge higher in peak season i.e.
November to January and change less during rest of the period.
4P’s 4C’s
45

Contd.
3. Place = Convenience :The place where tourists are
accommodated also influences the pricing.
Targeted Spots :
46

47
AICRP Banana Plantation (Near Hospital Chawk)

Contd.
4. Promotion = Communication :
a. Alliance with airlines, tour operators and foreign embassies
b. Alliance with hotel industry & travel agency.
c. Design the website & online booking service.
d. Promotion by Eco-tourism units : Direct marketing with little aggressive
mode is enough for an Eco-tourism unit to survive.
Positioning - Ultimately Eco-tourism concept has to be positioned in the
minds of tourists as “Come, pluck a fruit, smell a flower, feel the nature, run in
the fields, lie on the hay and be lost in nature”.
49

COST OF ESTABLISHMENT
 For 10 rooms- 1 lakh for each =Rs. 10,00,000/-
 Other constructions(kitchen, godown, Hall)-Rs.5,00,000/-
 LABOURE= (2,00,000/-)
1) Service boy -2(1 staff for 5 rooms)
2) Cleaning staff-2
3) Kitchen-3(1 cook & 2 helpers)
4) Office staff-2(Receptionist, clerk )
 VEHICLE =
 E-Ricksaw for visits(Rs.1,00,000/-)
 TOTAL COST OF ESTABLISHMENT
 =10,00,000+5,00,000+2,00,000+1,00,000
 =Rs.18,00,000/-
50

ANNUAL EXPECTED SELL
=60% accommodation of the rooms will be our target
through out the year.
=365 days from 60 % accommodation so it will be 219
days for each room.
=So approximately we consider 200 days - For 10 rooms
will be 200*10=2000 days.
PRICING :
We charge Rs.1200/- for a day (package)
ANNUAL EXPECTED SELL = 1200*2000=Rs.24,00,000/-
51

PROFIT
 Cost of establishment= Rs.18,00,000/-
 EXPECTED EXPENSES FOR MARKETING –
 3% of total sells =Rs.54,000/-
 Annual expected sell=Rs.24,00,000/-
 PROFIT=24,00,000-18,00,000-54,000 =Rs.5,46,000/-(Annual)
Note= Approximately after 2.5 yrs the break even point will arise.
52

Benefits of Eco-Tourism in RPCAU
Farmer Community Environment
Tour
Operators
53

SWOT Analysis
WS
O
Strength
1. A strong supplementary source of
income for farmers
2. Employment generation
3. Rural development
4. Authority Support
5. Banking systems
T 1. Climatic conditions
2. Rampant migration from farming to
other sectors.
3. Less chances for more profit
4. Political Interference
5. Being a new area of tourism , Less
competition so no threats
Threat
1. Low growth comparatively
2. Less educated farmers, so need
varied training
3. Poor Airport services
4. Lack of Govt support in terms of
subsidies.
5. Lack of Publicity
Weakness
1. As a new branch of tourism has
Immense scope for growth
2. Local people can the beneficiaries
3. University support can increase the
outreach
4. Less competitiors
5. Diverse culture of Students.
Opportunity
54

News Coverage of Eco-Tourism in Bihar
55

SUCCESS STORY OF SHRI CHANDRASHEKHAR BHADSAVALE
 A tour can be organized for visitors to nearby tourist and religious places.
 Shri Bhadsavale has implemented innovative ideas like buffalo ride in
water, which has become quite popular amongst foreign tourists and
college students! He provides them food which is made of from locally
available vegetables and thus providing them regional flavour.
 If interested, fresh vegetables, locally made handicraft and handloom items
as well as food items are sold to these visitors as momento to cherish the
memories of time they spent on his farm.
 He is earning 1.25 lakh to 2.0 lakh per annum
57

YATRA-Farm Tourism Venture by Saravanan Raj and Jyoti Todd
• Venture: Samir is promoting organic farming and providing advisory
services in the north eastern states since 2005 and has successfully
motivated about 500 farmers to take up organic farming. To enhance the
income of the organic growers, he started a venture called “Yatra” in 2010.
58Source : Report on Good Practices in Agricultural Extension and Advisory Services with Agripreneurship by MANAGE & SFAC

SUNIL BHOSLE, JOGWADI VILLAGE IN THE BARAMATI TALUK OF PUNE
• Sunil Bhosle, a farmer in the Jogwadi village in the Baramati taluk
of Pune district,
• a 13 acre piece of land tilled by his entire family round the year
meant an annual income of Rs 60,000-75,000.
• This was before he was exposed to the benefits of agri-tourism six
months ago.
• Bhosle, with the help of the Agri Tourism Development Corporation
(ATDC), opened his farms to tourists, charging each Rs 300-350.
($6-7)
59

RECOMMENDATION FOR THE SUCCESS OF THIS INDUSTRY
1. Infrastructure:
2. Outdoor Recreational Activities
3. Introduction of Entertainment
4. Programs
5. Security & Risk Aspects
6. Strategic planning
7. Tourism package
8. Community participation & leadership
9. Sufficient funds for tourism development
10.Formation of agri-tourism development finance corporation
11.Coordination and cooperation between rural tourism entrepreneurs
60

Conclusion
• Eco-tourism is a happy marriage between traditional tourism industry and
modern concept of sustainable eco-friendly development strategy of
tourism which reduces its negatives and increases the welfare of mankind.
• Above discussion reveals that Bihar & RPCAU has very high potential of
nature based tourist industry for which government has to take necessary
steps to improve infrastructures including transport and communication
system, accommodation facilities, tourist guides, proper advertising etc.
• Looking at the tremendous potential the ecotourism industry offers in the
field of its employment generation and foreign exchange earning capacity,
it is the time that Government pays urgent attention to the needs of the
ecotourism industry.
• It is believed that by 2020, tourism industry would be a single biggest
industry in the world. 61

References
• http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/chapter_04.pdf
• http://eprints.naarm.org.in/210/1/Agri-tourism-Final%20report.pdf
• Report on Good Practices in Agricultural Extension and Advisory Services with Agripreneurship by MANAGE & SFAC
• https://www.holidify.com/pages/top-places-for-ecotourism-in-india-1730.html
• Report on Ecotourism by Andrew L Myrthong, Dept. of Pomology and Floriculture
• https://community.data.gov.in/eco-tourism-projects-sanctioned-in-2015-16/
• ICAR Technical Bulletin no.46 on Agro-Eco-Tourism at Goa
• http://bstdc.bih.nic.in/eco_tourism.htm
• FICCI & Yes Bank Report on TOURISM INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS
• shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/19757/14/14_chapter3.pdf
• World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) 2018
• UN World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO) (2018)
• https://www.rpcau.ac.in/
• Report on 20 Years Perspective Tourism Plan For The State Of Bihar, Govt. of India. (March 2003)
• The International Eco Tourism Society, https://ecotourism.org
• Central Statistical Organisation (CSO) Enterprise, Ministry of Tourism, Government of India.
62

Contd.
• UNWTO Barometers of August 2015, May 2016, July 2017
• Bureau of Immigration, Govt. of India,
• Ministry of Tourism, Govt. of India.
• State/ UT Tourism Departments
• Department of Tourism, Bihar, Patna
• www.un.org
• International Handbook on Ecotourism - Page 20 - Google Books Result
• https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/.../Bihar-woos...eco-tourist.../article20382121.e...
• https://www.business-standard.com › PTI Stories › National
• https://www.telegraphindia.com › states › Bihar
• https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com › City News › Patna News
• www.indiawildlifeportal.com
• www.indiatourismstate.com
• www.tourisminindia.com
• www.tourism.gov.in
• www.ecotourismindia.com 63

64
Thank you for your attention!

Eco tourism: Scope and Opportunities in RPCAU

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