education

1. English for Academic and Professional Purposes
Senior High School Applied - Academic
Unit 2: Thesis Statements and Outlining
Lesson 2
Outlining Academic Texts

2. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
Reflect:
How can an outline
act as a blueprint for
a written output?
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3. Learning
Objectives
At the end of the
lesson, you should
be able to do the
following:
ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT 3
● Identify the main ideas of the
outlines.
● Make an outline of a given topic.

4. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
Plan a trip of the
places you
would visit in
the country. Be
sure to include
the places you
will visit and the
expected
budget.
4

5. 5
How is planning a trip like planning
an essay?

6. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
Why should writers use outlines for
planning written output?
Essential
Question
6

7. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
Outlining Academic Texts
● helps writers categorize main points
● organize paragraphs for consistency and
sense
● ensure that paragraphs are fully developed
7

8. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
Outlining Academic Texts
A well-written outline has:
● a thesis statement
● the main idea for each paragraph
● the evidence and supporting details for each
each paragraph
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9. 9
Why is it important to include
supporting details for each main idea
presented in paragraphs?

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EVALUAT
Topic Outline
● only phrases and main ideas are used
● wording is parallel to one another
● headings and subheadings should be divided
into two or more parts
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11. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
II. Popular young adult books
worldwide
A. List of books popular
with all ages
B. Authors who changed
the genre
C. Critical feedback for
authors and books in
the genre
I. Origin of young adult
books
A. How it was
popularized
B. Why young adult
books are popular
C. The evolution of
young adult books
Topic Outline
Thesis statement: The young adult genre should be
appreciated by readers of all ages.
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12. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
Topic Outline
III.Future of the young adult genre
A. Benefits of reading the genre
B. How to promote reading the genre
B. Recommended authors for reading
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13. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
II. Convenience of blended
learning
A. No face-to-face with
teachers and students
B. Multiple materials
presented for learners
C. Offline mode can be
utilized when
necessary
I. Flexibility of blended
learning
A. Learner sets his or her
own time
B. Learner does work
anytime and anywhere
C. Learner chooses how
he or her learns
Topic Outline
Thesis statement: Blended learning has its advantages,
especially in senior high school.
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14. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
Topic Outline
III.Efficiency of blended learning
A. Learning adjusted to learner’s pace
B. Chances for follow-up after own learning
C.Allows reflective learning from learner
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15. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
II. Professional Social
Interaction
A. Network can lead to
referrals
B. Opportunity to practice
ethics
C. Opportunity to practice
courtesy
I. Personal Social Interaction
A. Sellers and customers
create a network
B. Sellers and customers
have constant
interaction
C. Sellers and customers
build a relationship
Topic Outline
Thesis statement: Owning a business helps with social
development amongst high school students.
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16. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
Topic Outline
III.Intrapersonal Relationships
A. Seller becomes reflective of interactions
between customers
B. Customers become reflective of attitude
shown to seller
C.Reflective practices ensure better
interpersonal relationships for future
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17. 17
What are advantages of using a topic
outline?

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EVALUAT
Sentence Outline
● sentences utilized
● less need for parallelism
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19. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
Sentence Outline
Thesis statement: The local teenage pregnancy rate is a
problem which needs to be addressed.
I. Teenage pregnancy worldwide has lowered throughout
the years.
A. The rate of teenage pregnancies has dropped in the
last decade.
B. Statistics have shown the drop is significant in the
United States.
C. The statistics show that there is an improvement and
more awareness about the issue.
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20. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
Sentence Outline
II. Why did the number of teenage pregnancies drop?
A. It may be a sign that there is a shift of thinking
between generations.
B. Further research can be done, which aims to
examine why the rates have dropped.
C. Though sex education is not legal in the country,
there is a possibility that teenagers are more aware
of the consequences of premarital sex.
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EVALUAT
Sentence Outline
III.What are the recommendations for the issue?
A. The issue is being addressed
internationally.
B. The Philippines should be more proactive in
helping prevent teenage pregnancies.
C.These recommendations should be
addressed as soon as possible to help
protect women and their children.
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22. 22
Why should the main idea be
identified before understanding the
texts as a whole?

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EVALUAT
Sentence Outline
Thesis statement: Having routines can help one fulfill
goals set.
I. It may be hard to establish a routine at first.
A. Routines must be established by a person and it
has to be done every so often (every day).
B. Establishing a routine takes times and practice.
C. The person must be aware of the steps to take in
establishing a routine.
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24. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
Sentence Outline
II. How can routines help?
A. Routines can help by clearing and
compartmentalizing the thoughts of the doer.
B. Routines helps the doer to establish the flow for
the day.
C.When the activities and routines are
accomplished, the doer becomes more
productive.
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25. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
Sentence Outline
III.How can routines help establish a goal?
A. Goal setting can be integrated into the
routines of a person.
B. Goal setting allows the doer to work
towards the goals established.
C.Routines become an integral part of
person’s lifestyle and helps him or her
become more productive.
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26. 26
Why can creating a sentence outline
be time-consuming?

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EVALUAT
Sentence Outline
Thesis statement: Teaching someone to cook
requires patience, skills, and a love for food.
I. The teacher-cook must be patient.
A. Not all people will be aware of the basics of
cooking.
B. Teaching someone to cook will still require
explanations and demonstrations.
C. One must also be prepared for questions and
more demonstrations for understanding.
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28. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
Sentence Outline
II. The teacher-cook must be skilled in cooking.
A. Before a cook can teach, he or she must
know the techniques to share.
B. Having skills to cook is necessary for
accurate demonstration.
C.There is an opportunity to share shortcuts
and techniques to others as well.
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29. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
Sentence Outline
III.The teacher-cook must love food as well to share it with
others.
A. This cook does should have a love for food
because passion fuels teaching.
B. When a student sees the passion of the teacher
for the subject, there is more motivation to learn
as well.
C. That kind of passion can be passed from mentor
to mentee and improve results.
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30. 30
Why should a researcher take time to
plan the study?

31. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
IMRaD Outline
● Can utilize either a topic or sentence outline for
IMRaD
● Introduction should have the specific research
problem
● Methodology should contain design, participants,
environment, instrumentation, and data analysis
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32. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
IMRaD Outline
● Results should have specific data for each
research problem presented in the introduction
● Discussion should contain main idea, analysis,
and conclusions of results
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33. Remember
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The outline must be complete no
matter the format of the research.

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EVALUAT
IMRaD Outline
Research topic: Experimental study on the use of waste
segregation in elementary schools.
I. Introduction
A. Background of the study
1. Studies about waste segregation in schools
worldwide
2. Studies about waste segregation in local schools
3. Studies about waste segregation in local
elementary schools
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35. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
IMRaD Outline
B. Framework
C. Statement of the Problem
1. Will the elementary students utilize bins for
waste segregation?
2. What factors do the students consider in using
the waste segregation bins?
3. What are the effects of using the waste
segregation bins on the school’s physical
environment?
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36. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
IMRaD Outline
II. Methodology
A. Experimental design
B. Five elementary schools (random
sampling)
C.San Jose del Monte, Bulacan
D.Experimental and control group
E. Z-test for independent variables
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37. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
IMRaD Outline
III.Results
A. Results for SOP 1
B. Results for SOP 2
C. Results for SOP 3
III.Discussion
D. Significant results
E. Impact on the elementary schools
F. Impact on the Philippines
G. Impact for future researchers
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38. Remember
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Research can be presented through
a research article, thesis, or
dissertation.

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EVALUAT
IMRaD Outline
Research topic: Factors that students consider
when choosing a senior high school
I. Introduction
A. Background of the study
1. Different factors for choosing a school
2. Factors considered in foreign literature
3. Factors considered in local literature
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40. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
IMRaD Outline
B. Framework
C.Statement of the Problem
1. What are the factors which students consider
when enrolling in a SHS?
2. Which is the most significant factor for newly
enrolled grade 11 students?
3. Which factor was the most prominent per
academic strand for newly grade 11
students?
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41. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
IMRaD Outline
II. Methodology
A. Descriptive Research
B. Stratified Random Sampling for Grade
11 students
C.A private school in Manila
D.Survey
E. Confirmatory factor analysis
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42. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
IMRaD Outline
III.Results
A. Results for SOP 1
B. Results for SOP 2
C.Results for SOP 3
III.Discussion
D.Significant results
E. Impact on grade 10 students
F. Impact on private high schools
G.Impact on future researchers
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43. 43
How can the IMRaD outline help
new researchers?

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EVALUAT
IMRaD Outline
Research topic: Experiences and responsibilities of
middle children
I. Introduction
A. Background of the study
1. Middle children profiles
2. Home lives of middle children in foreign
literature
3. Home lives of middle children in local literature
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45. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
IMRaD Outline
B. Framework
C.Statement of the Problem
1. What are the home responsibilities of
middle children?
2. What are their experiences while doing
their home chores?
3. How do they feel about their own
experiences while doing home chores?
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46. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
IMRaD Outline
II. Methodology
A. Qualitative Research
B. Random Sampling (5 participants)
C.JHS in Imus, Cavite
D.Interview, RRL
E. Open and axial coding
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47. ENGAG EXPLOR
EXPLAIN EXTEND
EVALUAT
IMRaD Outline
III.Results
A. Results for SOP 1
B. Results for SOP 2
C.Results for SOP 3
III.Discussion
D.Significant results
E. Impact on grade 10 students
F. Impact on private high schools
G.Impact on future researchers
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48. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
Create an
outline
48
Create an outline for a process
essay on performing random acts
of kindness for people in your
community.

49. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
Which kind of outline did you use and how did it
help you organize your thoughts?
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50. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
What does “parallelism” mean in outlines?
Question
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51. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
What should be found in the Discussion part of
the IMRaD outline?
Question
51

52. ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
ENGAG EXPLOR
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EVALUAT
How can missing an essential part of the IMRaD
outline delay the writing process?
Question
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53. Wrap Up
There are two ways to outline ideas
for written works: topic outline and
sentence outline.
The topic outline utilizes key words
and concepts only.
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54. Wrap Up
The sentence outline utilizes
complete sentences to organize the
ideas.
An outline can be used to present
the IMRaD of a research paper.
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55. Bibliography
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“Creating an Outline.” Online Writing Lab. Aims Community College. Accessed March
18, 2020. https://www.aims.edu/student/online-writing-lab/process/outline.
“Example of Sentence Outline.” Oakton Community College. Accessed March 18,
2020.
https://www.oakton.edu/studentservices/learning_center/tutoring/research_paper
_tips/sentence_outline.php.
“Example of Topic Outline.” Oakton Community College. Accessed March 18, 2020.
https://www.oakton.edu/studentservices/learning_center/tutoring/research_paper
_tips/topic_outline.php.
Hertzberg, Karen. “How to Write an Outline: 4 Ways to Organize Your Thoughts.”
Grammarly, May 22, 2019. https://www.grammarly.com/blog/how-to-write-
outline/.
“Types of Outlines.” Purdue Writing Lab. Accessed March 18, 2020.
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/the_writing_process/developing_an_o
utline/types_of_outlines.html.