The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The document summarizes a research study on the educational problems faced by Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (SC/ST) educational institutions in the state of Karnataka, India. The study investigated educational issues related to admission, teaching aids, book facilities, visiting teachers, and obligatory social service programs. Data was collected through a survey of 725 management members, 725 staff, and 725 students from 145 SC/ST institutions. Key findings included difficulties providing teaching aids and book facilities. While the nature, location, age, level and type of institution did not significantly impact total problems faced, all respondents commonly experienced issues with admission screening, completing admissions on time, and obtaining visiting teachers. The study implications call for support
Assessment of Student Welfare Programs in the State Universities and Colleges...ijtsrd
This study assessed the student welfare programs among state universities in Samar Island. The four 4 SUC's in Samar Island were selected as the locale of this study. These were the University of Eastern Philippines Main Campus Catarman , North West Samar State University Main Campus Calbayog City , Samar State University Main Campus Catbalogan City and Eastern Samar State University Main Campus Borongan City with the university presidents, deans directors of the Student Affairs and Services, personnel, and students as respondents. Frequency counts, percentages, and weighted mean computations were used to analyze the descriptive data obtained from the respondents of the study who were chosen through complete enumeration for presidents, deans directors and personnel and random sampling for the students, respectively. The status of implementation of the student welfare programs and services in different state universities in Samar Islands was rated very satisfactory on the different programs and services such as admission, career and placement service, economic enterprise development, food services, guidance and counseling, health services, information and orientation service, international student service, research, monitoring and evaluation of student affairs and services, safety and security, scholarship and financial assistance, services of students with special needs, student discipline, student handbook development, and student housing. Ronaldo A. Amit ""Assessment of Student Welfare Programs in the State Universities and Colleges of Samar Island"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23175.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/23175/assessment-of-student-welfare-programs-in-the-state-universities-and-colleges-of-samar-island/ronaldo-a-amit
Assessment of Socio-Cultural Constraints On Girls’ Success in Education: The ...paperpublications3
Abstract:In countries, such as Ethiopia, girls are at a disadvantageous position in terms of accessing and succeeding in their education. The objective for this study is to examine the socio-cultural factors affecting girl’s education. The scope of the study focuses on one Primary School where female students are enrolled and limited to grades 4 - 8 and in the age group of 12-18. The sample size of this particular study was 40 female students and 10 respondents for focus group discussion. The respondents were selected using the probability sampling technique and systematic random sampling method.
The findings of this study revealed that girls living in the study area had faced many socio- cultural problems hampering their enrollment and their success in their education. The perception of the community about female education, long distance of the school, early marriage, abduction and lack of role model in their village, as well as, in their school are the major factors that hinders girls’ enrolment and success.
Finally, it was suggested that the collaboration of the community, teachers, school leaders, parents, government and non-government organizations are very important to increase the participation and success of female’s students in the study area.
Keywords: Constraints, primary school, Socio-Cultural and success.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Effect of street hawking on the academic performance of students in practical...Alexander Decker
This academic article examines the effect of street hawking on the academic performance of students in practical agriculture in Taraba State, Nigeria. The study surveyed 384 secondary school students and found that students involved in street hawking had significantly lower academic performance in practical agriculture compared to students not involved in hawking. Specifically, the mean rating of academic performance was 1.80 for students who hawked versus 3.64 for students who did not, indicating poor performance. The study recommends that governments make education more affordable and legislate against child hawking to allow students to focus on their studies.
The Level of Mutual Trust Between Principals and Educational Stakeholders and...ijtsrd
This document summarizes a study that investigated the level of mutual trust between principals and educational stakeholders in public secondary schools in Cameroon. It utilized a survey design with questionnaires and interviews to collect data from principals, teachers, PTA executives, and SMB members. The findings suggest there is generally a high level of mutual trust between principals and stakeholders, except in financial matters where the level of trust is lower. It provides recommendations to policymakers and practitioners to improve interpersonal relationships and trust between school leaders and other stakeholders.
Effects of poverty on children educational attainment in isua, akoko south ea...Alexander Decker
This document examines the effects of poverty on children's educational attainment in Isua, Akoko South East Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria. It finds that a parent's level of education, role models, and independent income greatly influence children's educational attainment, while parental income and government policy do not. Poverty has increased school dropout rates and prevented access to education. The researchers recommend investing in formal and vocational education, improving governance of education, and involving local communities to increase enrollment and completion rates.
The document summarizes a research study on the educational problems faced by Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (SC/ST) educational institutions in the state of Karnataka, India. The study investigated educational issues related to admission, teaching aids, book facilities, visiting teachers, and obligatory social service programs. Data was collected through a survey of 725 management members, 725 staff, and 725 students from 145 SC/ST institutions. Key findings included difficulties providing teaching aids and book facilities. While the nature, location, age, level and type of institution did not significantly impact total problems faced, all respondents commonly experienced issues with admission screening, completing admissions on time, and obtaining visiting teachers. The study implications call for support
Assessment of Student Welfare Programs in the State Universities and Colleges...ijtsrd
This study assessed the student welfare programs among state universities in Samar Island. The four 4 SUC's in Samar Island were selected as the locale of this study. These were the University of Eastern Philippines Main Campus Catarman , North West Samar State University Main Campus Calbayog City , Samar State University Main Campus Catbalogan City and Eastern Samar State University Main Campus Borongan City with the university presidents, deans directors of the Student Affairs and Services, personnel, and students as respondents. Frequency counts, percentages, and weighted mean computations were used to analyze the descriptive data obtained from the respondents of the study who were chosen through complete enumeration for presidents, deans directors and personnel and random sampling for the students, respectively. The status of implementation of the student welfare programs and services in different state universities in Samar Islands was rated very satisfactory on the different programs and services such as admission, career and placement service, economic enterprise development, food services, guidance and counseling, health services, information and orientation service, international student service, research, monitoring and evaluation of student affairs and services, safety and security, scholarship and financial assistance, services of students with special needs, student discipline, student handbook development, and student housing. Ronaldo A. Amit ""Assessment of Student Welfare Programs in the State Universities and Colleges of Samar Island"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23175.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/23175/assessment-of-student-welfare-programs-in-the-state-universities-and-colleges-of-samar-island/ronaldo-a-amit
Assessment of Socio-Cultural Constraints On Girls’ Success in Education: The ...paperpublications3
Abstract:In countries, such as Ethiopia, girls are at a disadvantageous position in terms of accessing and succeeding in their education. The objective for this study is to examine the socio-cultural factors affecting girl’s education. The scope of the study focuses on one Primary School where female students are enrolled and limited to grades 4 - 8 and in the age group of 12-18. The sample size of this particular study was 40 female students and 10 respondents for focus group discussion. The respondents were selected using the probability sampling technique and systematic random sampling method.
The findings of this study revealed that girls living in the study area had faced many socio- cultural problems hampering their enrollment and their success in their education. The perception of the community about female education, long distance of the school, early marriage, abduction and lack of role model in their village, as well as, in their school are the major factors that hinders girls’ enrolment and success.
Finally, it was suggested that the collaboration of the community, teachers, school leaders, parents, government and non-government organizations are very important to increase the participation and success of female’s students in the study area.
Keywords: Constraints, primary school, Socio-Cultural and success.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Effect of street hawking on the academic performance of students in practical...Alexander Decker
This academic article examines the effect of street hawking on the academic performance of students in practical agriculture in Taraba State, Nigeria. The study surveyed 384 secondary school students and found that students involved in street hawking had significantly lower academic performance in practical agriculture compared to students not involved in hawking. Specifically, the mean rating of academic performance was 1.80 for students who hawked versus 3.64 for students who did not, indicating poor performance. The study recommends that governments make education more affordable and legislate against child hawking to allow students to focus on their studies.
The Level of Mutual Trust Between Principals and Educational Stakeholders and...ijtsrd
This document summarizes a study that investigated the level of mutual trust between principals and educational stakeholders in public secondary schools in Cameroon. It utilized a survey design with questionnaires and interviews to collect data from principals, teachers, PTA executives, and SMB members. The findings suggest there is generally a high level of mutual trust between principals and stakeholders, except in financial matters where the level of trust is lower. It provides recommendations to policymakers and practitioners to improve interpersonal relationships and trust between school leaders and other stakeholders.
Effects of poverty on children educational attainment in isua, akoko south ea...Alexander Decker
This document examines the effects of poverty on children's educational attainment in Isua, Akoko South East Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria. It finds that a parent's level of education, role models, and independent income greatly influence children's educational attainment, while parental income and government policy do not. Poverty has increased school dropout rates and prevented access to education. The researchers recommend investing in formal and vocational education, improving governance of education, and involving local communities to increase enrollment and completion rates.
This document discusses factors that hinder women's access to distance education in rural India. It notes that rural women suffer from various social and economic disadvantages. While efforts have been made to empower women, many rural women still face oppression and lack socioeconomic opportunities. Distance education can help empower rural women by allowing them to learn at their own pace while fulfilling family duties. However, rural women face several barriers to accessing distance education, including lack of family support, cultural norms that restrict women's education, isolation, lack of access to technology, and high costs of distance programs. Efforts are needed to address these barriers and develop effective support systems to promote distance learning for rural women.
Caribbean Studies - CAPE Unit 2 - Internal Assignment/IA 2017John Doe
This document appears to be a research paper or project on the topic of how poverty affects social development in Lengua Village, Princes Town, Trinidad and Tobago. It includes an introduction outlining the research problem, purpose, objectives and definitions. It also includes a literature review summarizing several sources on the relationship between poverty and social development. For data collection, the author used a questionnaire distributed to households in the village as well as secondary sources like books and articles. The document goes on to present and analyze the collected data, discuss findings, and provide conclusions and recommendations.
The document provides an overview of major issues facing youth in the Asian and Pacific region. Key issues discussed include education, employment, health, and participation in decision-making. Regarding education, transition between education levels and low tertiary enrollment are challenges. Youth unemployment rates are significantly higher than adult rates. Health issues faced by youth include drug use, HIV risk, and lack of access to reproductive healthcare. Cultural barriers sometimes limit youth participation in the political process.
The study was conducted on issues affecting the academic achievement of female students in selected primary schools of Jimma Arjo woreda while its objective was to investigate the major factors that affect the academic achievements of female students in primary schools of four sampled primary schools/Arjo primary school, Andinnet, Arbi-gebeya and Wayu Warke primary schools. Female students academic achievements show an upgrading from time to time, but still the rise is delicate when contrast to males. The finding identified the five broad categories, Family related, school related, socio-economic related, cultural related were the major factors that affect the academic achievements of females’ education. The common issues household responsibilities, low awareness of parents towards females education, parents financial problems, parents education level, lack of school facilities, school distance, the nature of teacher student relationship, the study behavior female students implement, teaching method teachers use, early marriage, less avails of role models are the main reasons for squat academic achievements of female students on education. To alleviate these upward parents awareness to wards the benefit of educating females, motivating female students, providing financial supports for the poor female students, improving school facilities and protecting female from abduction and early marriage/from any harmful traditions were recommended.
Consequences of Teenage Parenting Styles on The Attainment of Educational Goa...AJHSSR Journal
The greatest global investment whose productivity leads to rapid economic growth is education.
Despite this fact, teenage parenting and the subsequent parenting styles had consequences on the attainment of
educational goals as was revealed by a study that was carried out in Mumias Sub-county to find out the kind of
consequences that teen motherhood and teen fatherhood had on a secondary school students‟ academic
achievement. Two objectives were set to find out the prevalence rate of teenage parenting and to determine the
kind of contributions the problem had on educational accessibility. The population consisted of 55 principals,
269 teachers and 4,143 students from three classes out of the four classes in the sampled out schools. One third
of the population was taken for each of the three categories of respondents which gave 18 principals heading
mixed gender secondary schools, 89 class teachers and 1,367 studentsboth male and female. The students were
selected using the simple-random sampling alongside purposive sampling where the teen-agers were targeted, as
the stratified random sampling technique targeted principals and teachers from public mixed gender secondary
schools. The study area had four divisions namely, South Wanga, WangaMkulu, East Wanga and Mumias
Central from which the eighteen schools were identified. To collect data, questionnaires were designed for
students, teachers and principals. Descriptive statistics namely frequency counts and percentages was used to
analyze the quantitative data which was then presented in tables. The study found that teenage parenting styles
had consequences on the attainment of educational goals and the recommendations are that guidance and
counseling should be intensified by not only the Ministry of Education at the school level, but also by the local
administration to include parents to teenagers in public forums. Guidance and Counseling should help curb the
problem of teenage parenting in order to remedy the consequences on the attainment of educational goals.
The Perception of Stakeholders’ on Academic Performance of Junior high Schoo...AI Publications
The study investigated stakeholders’ perception and academic performance of students in Junior High Schools (JHS), with hard evidence from the Choggu Circuit in the Sanarigu District. Simple stratified, proportional random sampling was used to select a sample size of 191, representing 20 percent of the total population of 36 teachers and the entire seven member School Management Committee (SMC) and Parent Teachers Association (PTA) executives of the schools involved. Questionnaire and interview schedule were the main instruments used to elicit responses. Data analysis and interpretation indicated that academic performance of JHS is perceived by stakeholders to be hampered by quality teacher delivery and inadequate / unavailability of educational resources. In the light of these findings, suggestions for improvement in the quality of teaching and learning were made.
Parents and students perspectives of school culture effects on dropouts and n...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a research study that examined the perspectives of parents and students regarding the effects of school culture on dropouts versus non-dropouts in Sokoto, Nigeria. The study aimed to determine if there are differences in how the four groups (parents of dropouts, parents of non-dropouts, dropouts, non-dropouts) view the impact of school culture. A survey was conducted with 1,560 total participants from the four groups and 30 junior secondary schools. Questionnaires were used to collect data, which was then analyzed using one-way analysis of variance to identify any significant differences between the four groups' perspectives on how school cultural factors influence dropout rates. The findings suggested school culture does impact dropout rates
Impact of age, gender and discipline on undergraduates’ perception of causes ...Alexander Decker
- The study investigated the impact of age, gender, and discipline on undergraduates' perceptions of the causes of youth unrest in Delta State, Nigeria.
- A questionnaire was administered to 275 undergraduate students from Delta State University across various faculties and levels.
- The results showed that gender and age had no significant impact on perceptions, but discipline did - students from the Education faculty perceived the causes of unrest differently than those from the Science faculty.
Assessment of Premarital Sexual Practices and Associated Factors among Privat...AI Publications
Background Sexual activity among adolescent has been reported to be on the increasing worldwide. Globally, puberty is occurring earlier for both boys and girls, and the age at which people marry is rising. These leave a widening gap of time during which young adults can potentially engaged in premarital sexual activity. Therefore this study was done to assess pre-marital sexual practices and associated factors among private college students in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia.
Method: An institution based cross-sectional study was employed in private college, Bahr Dar, North west Amhara, Ethiopia from July to December 2016. The sample size to each college was allocated using probability proportional to size (number of student) allocation, and study participants were selected by systematic sampling technique. A total of 402 students were included in the study. Pre-testing of the questionnaire was undertaken. Data was collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire through self administration. Data entry and analyses were performed using SPSS statistical packages (version 20 for Windows). Bivariate and Multivariable analysis were computed.
Result: : A total of 344 students took part in the survey. More than one fifth of survey respondents (23.3%) reported that they have had premarital sex. Multi--‐variate logistic regression analysis showed that male respondents were two times more likely to be have premarital sexual intercourse as compared to female respondents (AOR: 2.3,95% CI:1.4-4.1). Students who watch video, movies or other entertainment programs were more than five times more likely to start pre-marital sexual debut than those not watching video, movies or other entertainment programs (AOR: 5.5, 95%CI: 2.7-11.2).similarly work to earn money was found to be positively associated with premarital sex in this study (AOR: 3.2, 95% CI:1.8-5.7).
Conclusion and recommendation: A significant number of students had started pre marital sexual activity that might predispose them to varied sexual and reproductive health problems. Hence, sex education & targeted behavioural change interventions are recommended.
Causative factors for dropout among middle class muslim familiesArif Shaikh
In this document causative factors are discussed for dropout of students from middle class Muslim families from Kothawa village in surat district, GUJARAT. It is social research (Academic Research) done as a part of Master of Social Work in Veer Narmad South Gujarat University (VNSGU), Surat
Determinants of academic success in agricultural science Alexander Decker
This document examines the determinants of academic success in Agricultural Science among senior secondary school students in Imo State, Nigeria. A study was conducted with 200 students selected from 2 secondary schools. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results showed that likeness for Agricultural Science, parents' occupation, accommodation type, teachers' experience, class attendance, parental togetherness, and parents' education were statistically significant determinants of academic success. It was recommended that the government boost students' interest through provision of instructional materials and recruit qualified teachers to sustain interest in Agricultural Science.
Older Adults and Functional Literacy Needs for Successful AgeingPremier Publishers
Living for at least five decades may come with different coping issues ranging from health to finance and having sustainable environment. Alleviating these challenges to enhance successful ageing in a nation with constantly increasing population of older adults require a level of literacy that goes beyond the ability to read, write and compute numerically. Therefore, this study investigated the functional literacy needs of older adults based on the perspective of older adults in Edo and Ondo States, Nigeria. The study employed survey research design using simple random sampling and inclusion criteria to select 200 adults who are 55 years and above as participants. A 26-item close-ended questionnaire was used to collect data for the four research questions raised for the study. The research questions were answered descriptively. Findings revealed among others that health, environmental and financial literacies are important for successful ageing. It was therefore recommended among others that adult education programme contents should be designed to enhance health, environmental and finance issues for successful ageing which will rub off on the nation.
Causes and control of unethical conducts in nigeria university system noun
cause and control of unethical conducts in Nigeria university system. The paper enumerated such unethical conducts to include: examination malpractices; secret cult activities; sexual harassment; sales of examination grades; poor in payment of leave allowance and promotion arrears among others. The paper went further to find some of the causes of unethical conducts to include: poor teaching; poor invigilation; poor remuneration, indecent dressing; weak leadership bad administration and failure to, implement government polices among others, further more, the paper went into the stridencies that could be sued in controlling unethical conducts in our university system, among which are establishment of anti-examination malpractice committee in every department, establishment of policy implement authority in schools or zones. In conclusion, the paper recommended the application of the dire cussed strategies as panacea to controlling of unethical behaviours in our university system.
The document discusses the decline of arts education in schools due to budget cuts stemming from the 2007 economic recession and No Child Left Behind Act. It provides a brief history of arts education in the US and highlights research showing the cognitive and social benefits of arts education. These benefits include strengthening areas of the brain linked to spatial-temporal reasoning and math skills. However, with a focus on standardized testing in core subjects, many schools have reduced arts programs. The document argues for protecting arts education and reintroducing its importance in schools.
Role of university_in_production_of_knowledge_societyAshok Kumar
1. The document discusses the role of universities in producing a knowledge society and addresses various challenges they face.
2. It argues that universities must adopt new approaches and policies to improve knowledge transfer for international competitiveness in the current era of globalization.
3. The document also examines contemporary knowledge, the need to implement new curricula for global needs, and the responsibility of higher education to lead society in the right direction.
1) The document discusses women's empowerment through higher education in India. It argues that educating women empowers the nation by giving women control over their lives and choices.
2) Higher education in India faces issues of access, equity, and quality. While access has increased, enrollment rates remain low compared to global standards. There is also large variability in quality across institutions.
3) Empowering women requires proactive strategies and political will to fully implement. Higher education is seen as the best tool to achieve empowerment by giving women more opportunities and independence.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
This document examines the effect of temperature on the yield of methyl ester (biodiesel) produced from palm kernel oil and groundnut oil through base-catalyzed transesterification. The maximum yield for palm kernel oil was 87.67% at 65°C, while groundnut oil yield peaked at 82.5% at 50°C. Yield generally increased with temperature up to these points, then decreased due to increased miscibility. Palm kernel oil produced a higher average yield than groundnut oil under the conditions tested. The results show that Nigerian palm kernel and groundnut oils can be effective feedstocks for biodiesel production.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
This document discusses factors that hinder women's access to distance education in rural India. It notes that rural women suffer from various social and economic disadvantages. While efforts have been made to empower women, many rural women still face oppression and lack socioeconomic opportunities. Distance education can help empower rural women by allowing them to learn at their own pace while fulfilling family duties. However, rural women face several barriers to accessing distance education, including lack of family support, cultural norms that restrict women's education, isolation, lack of access to technology, and high costs of distance programs. Efforts are needed to address these barriers and develop effective support systems to promote distance learning for rural women.
Caribbean Studies - CAPE Unit 2 - Internal Assignment/IA 2017John Doe
This document appears to be a research paper or project on the topic of how poverty affects social development in Lengua Village, Princes Town, Trinidad and Tobago. It includes an introduction outlining the research problem, purpose, objectives and definitions. It also includes a literature review summarizing several sources on the relationship between poverty and social development. For data collection, the author used a questionnaire distributed to households in the village as well as secondary sources like books and articles. The document goes on to present and analyze the collected data, discuss findings, and provide conclusions and recommendations.
The document provides an overview of major issues facing youth in the Asian and Pacific region. Key issues discussed include education, employment, health, and participation in decision-making. Regarding education, transition between education levels and low tertiary enrollment are challenges. Youth unemployment rates are significantly higher than adult rates. Health issues faced by youth include drug use, HIV risk, and lack of access to reproductive healthcare. Cultural barriers sometimes limit youth participation in the political process.
The study was conducted on issues affecting the academic achievement of female students in selected primary schools of Jimma Arjo woreda while its objective was to investigate the major factors that affect the academic achievements of female students in primary schools of four sampled primary schools/Arjo primary school, Andinnet, Arbi-gebeya and Wayu Warke primary schools. Female students academic achievements show an upgrading from time to time, but still the rise is delicate when contrast to males. The finding identified the five broad categories, Family related, school related, socio-economic related, cultural related were the major factors that affect the academic achievements of females’ education. The common issues household responsibilities, low awareness of parents towards females education, parents financial problems, parents education level, lack of school facilities, school distance, the nature of teacher student relationship, the study behavior female students implement, teaching method teachers use, early marriage, less avails of role models are the main reasons for squat academic achievements of female students on education. To alleviate these upward parents awareness to wards the benefit of educating females, motivating female students, providing financial supports for the poor female students, improving school facilities and protecting female from abduction and early marriage/from any harmful traditions were recommended.
Consequences of Teenage Parenting Styles on The Attainment of Educational Goa...AJHSSR Journal
The greatest global investment whose productivity leads to rapid economic growth is education.
Despite this fact, teenage parenting and the subsequent parenting styles had consequences on the attainment of
educational goals as was revealed by a study that was carried out in Mumias Sub-county to find out the kind of
consequences that teen motherhood and teen fatherhood had on a secondary school students‟ academic
achievement. Two objectives were set to find out the prevalence rate of teenage parenting and to determine the
kind of contributions the problem had on educational accessibility. The population consisted of 55 principals,
269 teachers and 4,143 students from three classes out of the four classes in the sampled out schools. One third
of the population was taken for each of the three categories of respondents which gave 18 principals heading
mixed gender secondary schools, 89 class teachers and 1,367 studentsboth male and female. The students were
selected using the simple-random sampling alongside purposive sampling where the teen-agers were targeted, as
the stratified random sampling technique targeted principals and teachers from public mixed gender secondary
schools. The study area had four divisions namely, South Wanga, WangaMkulu, East Wanga and Mumias
Central from which the eighteen schools were identified. To collect data, questionnaires were designed for
students, teachers and principals. Descriptive statistics namely frequency counts and percentages was used to
analyze the quantitative data which was then presented in tables. The study found that teenage parenting styles
had consequences on the attainment of educational goals and the recommendations are that guidance and
counseling should be intensified by not only the Ministry of Education at the school level, but also by the local
administration to include parents to teenagers in public forums. Guidance and Counseling should help curb the
problem of teenage parenting in order to remedy the consequences on the attainment of educational goals.
The Perception of Stakeholders’ on Academic Performance of Junior high Schoo...AI Publications
The study investigated stakeholders’ perception and academic performance of students in Junior High Schools (JHS), with hard evidence from the Choggu Circuit in the Sanarigu District. Simple stratified, proportional random sampling was used to select a sample size of 191, representing 20 percent of the total population of 36 teachers and the entire seven member School Management Committee (SMC) and Parent Teachers Association (PTA) executives of the schools involved. Questionnaire and interview schedule were the main instruments used to elicit responses. Data analysis and interpretation indicated that academic performance of JHS is perceived by stakeholders to be hampered by quality teacher delivery and inadequate / unavailability of educational resources. In the light of these findings, suggestions for improvement in the quality of teaching and learning were made.
Parents and students perspectives of school culture effects on dropouts and n...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a research study that examined the perspectives of parents and students regarding the effects of school culture on dropouts versus non-dropouts in Sokoto, Nigeria. The study aimed to determine if there are differences in how the four groups (parents of dropouts, parents of non-dropouts, dropouts, non-dropouts) view the impact of school culture. A survey was conducted with 1,560 total participants from the four groups and 30 junior secondary schools. Questionnaires were used to collect data, which was then analyzed using one-way analysis of variance to identify any significant differences between the four groups' perspectives on how school cultural factors influence dropout rates. The findings suggested school culture does impact dropout rates
Impact of age, gender and discipline on undergraduates’ perception of causes ...Alexander Decker
- The study investigated the impact of age, gender, and discipline on undergraduates' perceptions of the causes of youth unrest in Delta State, Nigeria.
- A questionnaire was administered to 275 undergraduate students from Delta State University across various faculties and levels.
- The results showed that gender and age had no significant impact on perceptions, but discipline did - students from the Education faculty perceived the causes of unrest differently than those from the Science faculty.
Assessment of Premarital Sexual Practices and Associated Factors among Privat...AI Publications
Background Sexual activity among adolescent has been reported to be on the increasing worldwide. Globally, puberty is occurring earlier for both boys and girls, and the age at which people marry is rising. These leave a widening gap of time during which young adults can potentially engaged in premarital sexual activity. Therefore this study was done to assess pre-marital sexual practices and associated factors among private college students in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia.
Method: An institution based cross-sectional study was employed in private college, Bahr Dar, North west Amhara, Ethiopia from July to December 2016. The sample size to each college was allocated using probability proportional to size (number of student) allocation, and study participants were selected by systematic sampling technique. A total of 402 students were included in the study. Pre-testing of the questionnaire was undertaken. Data was collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire through self administration. Data entry and analyses were performed using SPSS statistical packages (version 20 for Windows). Bivariate and Multivariable analysis were computed.
Result: : A total of 344 students took part in the survey. More than one fifth of survey respondents (23.3%) reported that they have had premarital sex. Multi--‐variate logistic regression analysis showed that male respondents were two times more likely to be have premarital sexual intercourse as compared to female respondents (AOR: 2.3,95% CI:1.4-4.1). Students who watch video, movies or other entertainment programs were more than five times more likely to start pre-marital sexual debut than those not watching video, movies or other entertainment programs (AOR: 5.5, 95%CI: 2.7-11.2).similarly work to earn money was found to be positively associated with premarital sex in this study (AOR: 3.2, 95% CI:1.8-5.7).
Conclusion and recommendation: A significant number of students had started pre marital sexual activity that might predispose them to varied sexual and reproductive health problems. Hence, sex education & targeted behavioural change interventions are recommended.
Causative factors for dropout among middle class muslim familiesArif Shaikh
In this document causative factors are discussed for dropout of students from middle class Muslim families from Kothawa village in surat district, GUJARAT. It is social research (Academic Research) done as a part of Master of Social Work in Veer Narmad South Gujarat University (VNSGU), Surat
Determinants of academic success in agricultural science Alexander Decker
This document examines the determinants of academic success in Agricultural Science among senior secondary school students in Imo State, Nigeria. A study was conducted with 200 students selected from 2 secondary schools. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results showed that likeness for Agricultural Science, parents' occupation, accommodation type, teachers' experience, class attendance, parental togetherness, and parents' education were statistically significant determinants of academic success. It was recommended that the government boost students' interest through provision of instructional materials and recruit qualified teachers to sustain interest in Agricultural Science.
Older Adults and Functional Literacy Needs for Successful AgeingPremier Publishers
Living for at least five decades may come with different coping issues ranging from health to finance and having sustainable environment. Alleviating these challenges to enhance successful ageing in a nation with constantly increasing population of older adults require a level of literacy that goes beyond the ability to read, write and compute numerically. Therefore, this study investigated the functional literacy needs of older adults based on the perspective of older adults in Edo and Ondo States, Nigeria. The study employed survey research design using simple random sampling and inclusion criteria to select 200 adults who are 55 years and above as participants. A 26-item close-ended questionnaire was used to collect data for the four research questions raised for the study. The research questions were answered descriptively. Findings revealed among others that health, environmental and financial literacies are important for successful ageing. It was therefore recommended among others that adult education programme contents should be designed to enhance health, environmental and finance issues for successful ageing which will rub off on the nation.
Causes and control of unethical conducts in nigeria university system noun
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The document discusses the decline of arts education in schools due to budget cuts stemming from the 2007 economic recession and No Child Left Behind Act. It provides a brief history of arts education in the US and highlights research showing the cognitive and social benefits of arts education. These benefits include strengthening areas of the brain linked to spatial-temporal reasoning and math skills. However, with a focus on standardized testing in core subjects, many schools have reduced arts programs. The document argues for protecting arts education and reintroducing its importance in schools.
Role of university_in_production_of_knowledge_societyAshok Kumar
1. The document discusses the role of universities in producing a knowledge society and addresses various challenges they face.
2. It argues that universities must adopt new approaches and policies to improve knowledge transfer for international competitiveness in the current era of globalization.
3. The document also examines contemporary knowledge, the need to implement new curricula for global needs, and the responsibility of higher education to lead society in the right direction.
1) The document discusses women's empowerment through higher education in India. It argues that educating women empowers the nation by giving women control over their lives and choices.
2) Higher education in India faces issues of access, equity, and quality. While access has increased, enrollment rates remain low compared to global standards. There is also large variability in quality across institutions.
3) Empowering women requires proactive strategies and political will to fully implement. Higher education is seen as the best tool to achieve empowerment by giving women more opportunities and independence.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
This document examines the effect of temperature on the yield of methyl ester (biodiesel) produced from palm kernel oil and groundnut oil through base-catalyzed transesterification. The maximum yield for palm kernel oil was 87.67% at 65°C, while groundnut oil yield peaked at 82.5% at 50°C. Yield generally increased with temperature up to these points, then decreased due to increased miscibility. Palm kernel oil produced a higher average yield than groundnut oil under the conditions tested. The results show that Nigerian palm kernel and groundnut oils can be effective feedstocks for biodiesel production.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
This document summarizes research on the design of adaptive heterodyne filters for digital receivers. It describes two techniques for designing tunable heterodyne filters: 1) a three-way tunable complex heterodyne filter that rotates poles and zeros like a combination lock, and 2) a Nyquist tunable heterodyne filter that removes frequencies above the Nyquist frequency. It also proposes using an LMS adaptive notch filter for frequency detection and a numerically controlled oscillator to interface the detection circuit with the tunable filter, creating an adaptive system to attenuate detected interference frequencies.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
This document analyzes the dry sliding wear behavior of AISI D5 tool steel subjected to different heat treatments, including hardening, tempering, cryogenic treatment, and soft tempering. Pin-on-disc testing was used to evaluate the wear resistance of specimens treated with 10 different processes. Microstructural analysis found that cryogenic treatment reduced retained austenite and improved carbide distribution compared to conventional heat treatment. Specimens receiving cryogenic treatment showed the highest hardness and lowest wear rates, indicating better wear resistance. The optimal combination of treatments was found to be hardening, cryogenic treatment, and single tempering.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
This document summarizes a study on the movement patterns and home range sizes of Rothschild's giraffes translocated to Ruma National Park in Kenya. 30 individual giraffes (17 males and 13 females) were identified and observed over 120 days. The giraffes exhibited well-defined movement patterns within the park, moving between different vegetation communities in a generally circular pattern. Home range sizes varied from 3.03 to 16.21 km2 but were generally small with high overlap between ranges. There were no significant differences found between males and females in their home range sizes or maximum distances traveled. Vegetation distribution and poaching appeared to influence the giraffes' movements and use of space within the park.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The document describes a new image scaling algorithm based on an area pixel model that aims to achieve low complexity suitable for VLSI implementation. It presents an edge-oriented area-pixel scaling processor that uses an approximate technique to calculate pixel areas with 6-bit integers rather than floating point values. It also employs a simple edge catching technique to better preserve edges. The proposed 7-stage VLSI architecture was implemented using Verilog HDL and synthesized using a 0.18-micron process, achieving a processing rate of 200MHz with 10.4K gate counts. Experimental results showed it performs better than other lower complexity methods in terms of quality and speed.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
CARRIER DECISIONS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AND THEIR CHOICE OF ACADEMIC...AMPOFO AGYEI JUSTICE
This document discusses a study on how senior high school students' career decisions affect their choice of academic programs. The study used questionnaires and interviews to collect data from 80 first-year students at Kadjebi-Asato Senior High School in Ghana. The findings showed that students' career decisions strongly influence their program selection. Factors like interests, abilities, parental and peer influence, values, teacher advice, and parents' occupations were considered in students' career decisions. The study recommends that schools provide more career guidance services like guidance counseling, career fairs and clubs to help students make realistic career and program choices.
This document summarizes a study on the career preferences and choices of public administration students in the Philippines. It found that the top 3 career choices were government administrator, lawyer/executive assistant, and community worker/human resource specialist. The first and last choices both involve clerical work in ensuring smooth office operations. Financial remuneration was the most influential factor in career decisions. Professional development opportunities and job security were also important factors. The study utilized surveys to understand students' perceptions of future career options and influences on their choices.
A Study Of Malaysian High School Leavers Dilemma In Choosing Varsity CoursesLori Moore
This study explores the factors that influence Malaysian high school students' choices in university courses. Three main factors were identified: personal, interpersonal, and environmental. A survey of 50 students in the Klang Valley found that personal factors, such as interests and skills, had the strongest influence. Environmental factors, like parental occupation, were also influential. Interpersonal factors, such as peer influence, mattered least. The study aims to help students make course choices aligned with their abilities to reduce dropout rates and improve employment outcomes. It recommends exploring students' cognitive skills and passions to guide decision-making.
GROUP 1- PRACTICAL Research paper for 12lynsumbrana
This document discusses factors that influence the strand preference of grade 10 students at Liloy National High School. It presents a literature review on interest in strand, peer influence, and parental support as key factors. Regarding interest in strand, personal interest is found to be the most influential factor in choosing a strand according to previous studies. Peer influence is also identified as a strong predictor that can affect students' decisions. Stable family support and socioeconomic status are shown to provide benefits that lead to higher academic achievement and influence the strand chosen. The study aims to investigate strand preferences and factors affecting preferences among grade 10 students at the school.
This study examines the factors affecting career choice among grade 12 students in Dingalan National High School for the school year 2021-2022. The researchers will survey 20 randomly selected grade 12 students to understand what factors most influence their decision-making. Some of the key factors identified in previous research that may affect career choice include personality, interests, family influences, role models, available resources, and cultural identity. The researchers hope this study will help clarify for students what truly impacts their career decisions and provide insights for future researchers on this topic.
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This document discusses several factors that can affect students' academic achievement and experiences in university, including:
1) Teacher-student relationships, with research showing this relationship significantly impacts student success. Effective teaching methods, understanding student perspectives, and providing encouragement and feedback are important.
2) Sleep, as insufficient sleep decreases concentration, attention, and memory retention, hindering academic performance. Many students do not prioritize sleep.
3) Commuting, as long or difficult commutes reduce time available for studying and focus.
4) Working jobs during studies, which mostly impacts non-academic aspects like socializing, according to some research, though it can also strain academic performance.
The document summarizes a study conducted on the factors influencing the career choice of Grade 12 Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) learners in Speaker Eugenio Perez National Agricultural School. A total of 87 students participated in the study through an online survey. The study found that the majority of respondents were female students from Section G12 HUMSS-G. Most came from families with incomes between PHP 5,000-9,000. The factors of environment, opportunity, and personality that may influence career choice were all found to have equal and midly significant influence based on the students' responses. The study concluded that there was no significant difference in the influence of these three factors on the career choices of the G12
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AbstractThis study examines how parents, families, .docxtarifarmarie
Abstract
This study examines how parents, families, and students with moderate intellectual disability perceive their role in planning for post-secondary life of their children. Adequate preparation for post-secondary life is important due to aging caregivers and other challenges such as physical, psychological, social and financial challenges. As a result, without adequate preparation, the future of those they have been caring for over the years becomes bleak. Ten parents of students with various disabilities identified as students with moderate intellectual disabilities and ten students with moderate intellectual disabilities completed a survey for this study. Areas explored in the interviews are academics, employment, independent living, community living, leisure, and socialization. Analyses of data collected from parents, family and students’ responses, indicate their perception of planning for post-secondary life of children with moderate intellectual disabilities.
Keywords: MOID, IDEA, IEP, TRANSITION
The Problem
Introduction.
As a teacher with years of teaching experience in a Moderate intellectually disabled classroom, I have often wondered why parents, families, and students with intellectual disabilities are not well-prepared for the transition from high school to post-secondary life. This deduction stems from a common response of parents and families to issues relating to the Individualized Education Program (IEP), transition planning, and goals. At every Individual Education Plan (IEP) and transition meeting, that I have held; I have always asked the question: “where will you like your child to be or what will you like your child to do after high-school?” The parents, family or student’s answer usually is "stay at home with me or just stay at home.” This is a concern to me and some of my colleagues in the school who have found themselves in a similar situation, thus, making it imperative that I attempt to unravel the influencing factors. Sometimes we call some of our students who have graduated to find out where they are or what they are doing, and we find out they are at home despite all the information provided to the parents for a successful transition to independent post-high school life. For some Parents, families, and students, the IEP and transition meetings are just another annual meeting for setting transition and short time annual goals which may not be talked about again till the next IEP and transition meeting.
The purpose of this study, therefore, is to examine how parents, families, and students with moderate intellectual disability perceive planning for post-secondary life for their children with moderate intellectual disability (MOID). It also aims at understanding the reason(s) for parents and student’s apathy towards planning, as well as the limiting factors for accomplishing the desired planning process for adequate post-secondary life of their children. This brief qualit.
The Effects of Gender Stereotyping on Career Choice among Secondary School St...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
This study sought to explore the influence of gender stereotyping on career choices among secondary school students in Moshi rural district. Specifically, the study sought to examine the knowledge of career requirements among secondary school students, assess gender differences in career choice among secondary school students and examine the extent to which gender stereotyping beliefs influence career choices among secondary school students Moshi rural district. A total number of 299 students participated in the study. Data were collected using questionnaire. Data were analyzed quantitatively using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Frequencies and percentage were used to determine the level of career information and knowledge. Chi squire was used in determining the association among the variables of the study. (T-test) was conducted to compare means scores of stereotyping of career of sex and subject specialization. The study revealed that students had better knowledge on different types of careers available in the world of work. It was revealed that, teachers, parents, relatives, books, television, career role models, radio and the internet were sources of career information among secondary school students. In addition, the results showed a significant difference between re-categorized career and sex with a large effect size of, χ2 (1, n = 299) = 36.821, p =< .005, phi =.-351). Similarly, there was a statistical significant difference between re categorized career and subject specialization with a large effects size of; χ2 (1, n = 299) = 17.753, p =< .005, phi =.-255). In addition to that, findings revealed that there was significant difference between re categorized career and school with a large effect size of; χ2 (4, n = 299) =23.812, p =< .005, cramer’s v =.282). it was also revealed that, there is statistically significant difference between males (M= 39.22, SD= 5.79) and females (M= 36.4, SD=5.82; t (297) = 4.17, p= <.005 in career preferance. However, it was established that there was no relationship between beliefs towards gender stereotyping and career path
The document discusses factors that influence students' career preferences and decisions. It outlines several challenges facing the country as well as theories on career development. The study aims to determine what influences the career preferences of senior high school students in San Pablo City, including childhood aspirations, family/peer influences, and job demand factors. It also examines how students' backgrounds, such as gender, age, parents' education and jobs, and socioeconomic status relate to their preferences. The theoretical framework is Donald Super's theory of career development over the lifespan.
The document discusses a case study on the impact of an experiential learning (EA) program that was implemented at Denver Law. It describes a series of surveys administered to incoming 1L classes from 2013-2016 and outgoing 3L/4L classes from 2015-2017 to explore how the EA program affected student enrollment, experience, and post-graduation plans. The findings from the surveys are reported.
Developing Ability To Make Possible Choice Making In Children.pptxZawarali786
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اگر آپ تعلیمی نیوز، رجسٹریشن، داخلہ، ڈیٹ شیٹ، رزلٹ، اسائنمنٹ،جابز اور باقی تمام اپ ڈیٹس اپنے موبائل پر فری حاصل کرنا چاہتے ہیں ۔تو نیچے دیے گئے واٹس ایپ نمبرکو اپنے موبائل میں سیو کرکے اپنا نام لکھ کر واٹس ایپ کر دیں۔ سٹیٹس روزانہ لازمی چیک کریں۔
نوٹ : اس کے علاوہ تمام یونیورسٹیز کے آن لائن داخلے بھجوانے اور جابز کے لیے آن لائن اپلائی کروانے کے لیے رابطہ کریں۔
The document summarizes a study on the personal, family, and social factors influencing Grade 12 students at Capintalan National High School in choosing their college courses. The study found that the majority of students were undecided in their course selection. Personal choice was the main factor considered, followed by family financial standing. Social factors like friends' choices had little influence. The study recommends implementing a career guidance program to help inform students' decisions through self-assessment, exposure to career fields, and seminars on career planning. This will help students choose courses aligned with their strengths and interests, and support the Philippines' economic goals.
An Investigation Into The Impact Of Career Guidance On Career Choice Of Secon...Leslie Schulte
This document summarizes a research study that investigated the impact of career guidance on the career choices of secondary students in Botswana. The study found that career guidance programs and practices were absent or lacking in most schools. Students showed awareness of subject and university entrance requirements but did not have enough career information. The dynamic nature of career decision-making means students need guidance to make informed choices. The study recommends developing systematic career guidance programs in schools to adequately address students' career needs.
This document presents a framework developed by the OECD for education in 2030. It envisions an education system that helps all learners develop as whole people and shape a shared future of well-being. Rapid global changes require education to focus on broader goals like individual and collective well-being, not just jobs. Learners will need skills like agency, collaboration, and problem solving to navigate uncertainty. The framework was created through an iterative process with global stakeholders to guide education systems in preparing students for an uncertain future.
The future of education and skills Education 2030Peerasak C.
The document discusses the future of education and skills needed by 2030 according to a report by the OECD. It notes that the world is facing unprecedented social, economic, and environmental challenges driven by globalization and rapid technological change. The education system needs to prepare students with the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values to thrive in this uncertain future. This includes competencies like creativity, collaboration, digital literacy, critical thinking, problem solving, and global citizenship. The report proposes a framework for competency-based teaching and learning focused on developing learner agency, knowledge, and transformative competencies like creating new value, reconciling tensions, and responsibility. It also discusses design principles for curriculum redesign to incorporate these competencies into the education
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The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)
1. The International Journal Of Engineering And Science (IJES)
||Volume||2 ||Issue|| 6 ||Pages|| 33-44||2013||
ISSN(e): 2319 – 1813 ISSN(p): 2319 – 1805
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 33
The Factors Determining the Choice of Career Among Secondary
School Students.
1
SALAMI OLUFUNMILAYO OLAMIDE, 2
SALAMI OLUWASEUN
OLAWAIYE
1
Department of Science and Technology, Federal College of Animal Health & Production Technology, Moor
Plantation, Oyo State, Nigeria.
2
Department of Computer Science, United High School, Ikenne, Ogun State
-----------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT-----------------------------------------------------
100 students were randomly selected from five secondary schools in ogun state. The sample consists of 37males
and 63females. A questionnaire designed on the basis of likert-type scale on the factors determining the choice
of career based on environment, influence and opportunity of the students was administered. Their responses
were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation and T-test at p.05.Significant difference was found
on the environmental factor (tcal at p.05=220.25,tcrit=1.960),Significant difference was also found on the
personality(tcal at p.05=673.48;tcrit1.960)and the significant difference of the opportunity the students see(tcal at
p.05=148.69;tcrit1.960).The percentage on male and female was also carried out. 52% of male and 46% of
female agreed that opportunity do affect career while 42% disagreed for both male & female, 51% of male and
51% of female agreed that personality do affect career choice while 42% and 45% of both male and female
disagreed, 50% of male and 54% of female agreed that environment do affect career choice but 41% and 49%
of male& female does not agree. Conclusively, all the factors affect the students in determining their career.
KEYWORDS; factors, environment, opportunity, personality.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date of Submission: 13 May 2013, Date of Publication: 18.June.2013
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I. INTRODUCTION
Education is universally recognized as the answer to socio- economic problems of the world. Nations
and individuals look up to education to provide a cure for poverty, ignorance, drought, excessive rainfall, mental
deficiency, joblessness, bad government, poor communication system, hunger and inadequate shelter among
other things. Every nation of the world aspires toward quality of life and social status. Career selection is one of
many important choices students will make in determining future plans. This decision will impart them
throughout their lives. The essence of who the student is will revolve around what the student want to do with
their life- long work. The choice of career has been a serious problem among the secondary school students in
Nigeria. No matter what one‟s age is, the choice of career or desire is an important question for everybody. A lot
of student in secondary schools believe that their future is a glorious adventures in which they are bound to
succeed. Many of them have the idea that they would be able to work in the public or private establishments as
soon as they complete secondary school education. Some have planned to become lawyers, engineers, medical
doctors, accountants and so on. Students in secondary schools like many other young adults are always worried
about what they will do with their lives, the kind of adult they will become. They are concerned about early
entry into the occupational world and finding productive and rewarding places in and out rapidly, fast changing
societies where wages employment is unlikely to be available on a scale sufficient to absorb more than a small
fraction of the young people when they do arrive at the labour market. How the young people of today meet the
problems of tomorrow will depend upon the amount of success they make in planning for that tomorrow.
Planning for tomorrow itself is primarily the responsibilities of the parents, teachers and school counselor.
Students need general orientation into the world of work through the curriculum. The choice of career is a
delicate issue that requires caution and serious considerations. The kind of career the youths pursue can affect
their lives in many ways. For example, it can determine where the individual lives and the type of friends kept.
It can reflect how much education one will have and determine the amount of money one will earn. People
desires from a career are different, many people desire high income; others want adventures while some others
want to serve people to make the world a better place. Every student carries the unique history of their past and
this determines how they view the world.
2. The Factors Determining The Choice…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 34
That history created, in part by the student‟s environment, personality and opportunity will determine how
students make career choices. It then follows that how the student perceives their environment, personality and
opportunity will also determine the career choices students make. The first factor in career choice, the
environment, may influence the career students choose. For example, students who lived on an island may
choose a career dealing with the water, or they may choose to leave the island behind, never to have anything to
do with water again. Maybe someone in the student‟s life has made a significant impact or impression, leading
to a definite career choice. Parent‟s educational background may influence student views on whether or not to
continue their education. Someone they saw on television may have influenced the student, or parents may have
demanded that they assume a family business. These are various environmental factors that would lead a student
to a chosen career.
How students have seen themselves in a role in which personality is a determining factor may influence
a chosen career. Some careers demand that you have the personality to match the qualities of the occupation.
For example, sales people have to be out- going. Splaver (2000) said “personality” plays an important role in the
choosing of the right career. A student‟s personality must be self motivated type, as to investigate career
possibilities from early on in their lives, and not the procrastinating type that waits till they are compelled to
decide. Students must take seriously the role grades play in limiting opportunities in the future. Splaver went on
to say “It is important for you to have a good understanding of yourself, your personality, if you are to make
intelligent career plans”. (Splaver 2000, p. 12). Opportunity is the third factor that has shaped career choices for
students. Opportunity may influence how students have perceived their future in terms of the reasonable
probability of a future in particular career fields. The issue of poverty has played an important determining role
in the opportunities available to all.
The income level of secondary school families may determine what career a student chooses during a
specific time in the student‟s life; choices that will determine a large part of that student‟s future. Some students
will have to budget education according to their personal income. Thout (1969) addressed those in desperate
needs, “Where necessary, these persons (individuals described as living under poverty level) must be assisted
through special training programs to overcome educational and social handicaps so that minimum job standards
can be met” (p.1). Students in many cases will need the proper mentoring opportunities to succeed. These
support groups will be another opportunity that if properly implemented, can help a student in the career choice
process. The creation of support groups will have to be in place to sustain the student through times of financial,
emotional and educational need. There are indications that students take the path of least resistance to enter the
tertiary institutions. If a parent had exerted enough pressure on the student to enter a particular career field and
the student had no current plans, then students followed their parents‟ suggestion. Student should be thinking
about career decisions in their senior year of secondary school. It should become apparent at that time that the
student will have to do something. The environment plays a large part in a student‟s career choice. Students
traditionally stay at home to either obtain education or start employment. Marriage also played a large part in
career decisions. The economics of marriage either solidified the commitment to go on to higher education or
stopped career plan short, depending on the stability of the marriage. Examples such as these are opportunities
that can play a large determining factor in student‟s career choice.
Other environmental determinants would include recreational facilities and articles the student has
seen in local papers or on the television. The student‟s support system made up of parents, relatives, siblings,
peers, teachers and counselors may be the most environmental factor. As we can see, there are many
opportunities or paths to be explored by secondary school students. Secondary school senior students will have
accomplished choosing a career if a complete, thoughtful, education decision was made, evaluating all of the
factors possible in career choice process. According to Alutu (2001) career choice should be initiated as early as
the nursery school years through the primary, secondary and to the tertiary school levels. Individual social
status, income, lifestyle, choice of friends, mental and physical health is influenced by the type of work he or
she does. In other words, a person‟s career choice plays an important role in his or her entire life. Career choice
decision making is not an easy task, yet at one time or the other, individuals are faced with the task of making
choice in career, preparing for it, starting it and making progress in it. This choice point is undoubtedly the most
critical stage. This is because making a wrong career decision can mar one‟s happiness in life as this could result
to career maladjustment. Inappropriate career decision made may spell doom not only for the individual but also
the entire society. In view of the foregoing, the need to equip our students with appropriate Career decision
skills becomes highly imperative.
3. The Factors Determining The Choice…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 35
II. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The problem of career choice among secondary school students has generated a lot of questions and
answers among scholars. The problem has been a delicate issue that has to be approached with caution. There is
no clear process that secondary school students have used to make career choice. Secondary school students
should have the opportunity to explore all of the choices available in order to make a logical educated plan when
choosing a career.
2.1.RESEARCH QUESTIONS
This research work sought to provide answers to the following questions.
[1] How does the environment affect career choices among secondary school students?
[2] Is opportunity an important factor in determining the choice of career among secondary school students?
[3] What influence does personality has in career choosing among secondary school students?
2.2.OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The purposes of this study are;
[1] To identify the influence of environment on career choice among secondary school students.
[2] To examine the effect of opportunity on the choice of career among secondary school students.
[3] To investigate the influence of personality on career choice among secondary school students.
2.3.SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
It has been recognized recently that for a person to make realistic decision, his level of self- efficacy
can indeed be very influential. It is one thing to demonstrate interest in a particular occupational field; it is
another thing to have confidence in one‟s ability to successfully undertake the task involved.
The significances of the study are as follows:
[1] That student begins to explore real career possibilities before they finish their secondary school.
[2] That student seriously consider many alternatives choices in career selection more than through some
influence such as parents, mentors and peer groups.
[3] That if career planning are implemented in an efficient manner, students would at the very least be
following a career plan of informed decision making rather than one of coincidence.
2.4.MAJOR STUDY ASSUMPTIONS
Assumptions of the study are as follows:
[1] That students want to have control over their career choice.
[2] That at any level of endeavours, students have taken the issue of career choice to be one of the most
important facts determining the quality of life.
[3] When answering the survey questionnaire, students have given honest answers.
2.5.SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
It would have been ideal to stretch the scope of this study to cover more schools in the chosen local
government in Ogun State, but for the minimum resources available and time factor, the area of the study of this
project is delimited to five schools under Ikenne Local Government area in Ogun State. The schools chosen for
this study are:
Christ Apostolic Grammar School, Iperu- Remo.
Ogere Community High School, Ogere- Remo.
Isanbi Comprehensive High School, Ilisan- Remo.
United High School, Ikenne- Remo.
Irolu Community High School, Irolu- Remo.
2.6.DEFINITION OF TERMS
For clarity, the terms used in the study were clarified as follows:
CAREER CHOICE: The broad opportunities that exist for lifelong vocations. These vocations are set out in a
framework of strategies moving toward personal goals.
ENVIRONMENT: The complex physical factors that make up our surroundings and in turn act upon us. This
include the forces of family, political, social and economic issues that both typical and non- typical students may
deal with on a day- to- day basis.
4. The Factors Determining The Choice…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 36
MOTIVATION: Forces acting on or within a person causing initiation of behavior or what it is that moves us.
OPPORTUNITY: Those choices in one‟s life which are exposed either in a subtle or obvious manner.
PERSONALITY: A characteristic way of thinking, feeling and behaving. The personality is the collection of
impression in the appearance of the student‟s body and the impressions believed to have been made on others,
good or bad. One‟s personality may embrace attitudes and opinions that affect the way we deal with interactions
of people and, in particular to this study, the situations of choosing a career.
PEERS: Peers are adolescents who are about the same age of maturity level.
QUALITY OF LIFE: The depth in the content of richness and fullness in our day- to- day existence. This
includes observed and unobserved criteria that contribute to the fulfillment with our expectations and
aspirations.
RESEARCH: This is the study and investigation of inventors (to discover new facts) either present, past and
future.
STUDENTS: In this study, it refers to those individual who are officially admitted and registered in the
secondary and non- secondary school system as a full time candidates.
SOCIO- ECONOMIC STATUS: This can be stated also as the family background of people.
VOCATION: The feeling of wanting to do special work to help others. The job which we do because we think
we have a special fitness or ability to give service to other people.
III. METHODOLOGY
The population are students of secondary schools(100; Christ Apostolic Church, Grammar School,
Iperu, Isanbi Comprehensive High School, Ilisan, United High School,I kenne, Ogere Community High School,
Ogere, Ilisan High School, Ilisan in ogun state. The sample was obtained by stratified random sampling. Five
(5) secondary schools were sampled out of the twenty schools (20) in the local government. One hundred
students were randomly sampled in each school regardless of the class, age, and sex and socio economic status.
3.1.INSTRUMENTS
The instrument used to collect data is CHOICE OF CAREER QUESTIONAIRE (CCQ) constructed
by the researcher. The questionnaire consists of thirty (30) statements on the environment, influence of peer
groups and parents and opportunity on the choice of career based on the likert-type scale. The respondents were
required to indicate their perception by ticking or putting across after each statement under the columns “SA”
(strongly agree),”A”(agree),”U”(undecided),”SA”(strongly disagree),”D”(disagree)
3.2.VALIDATION OF INSTRUMENT
The instrument used was first subjected to face validity test whereby two colleagues critically
examined it and made useful suggestions towards its amendments, so based on their suggestions, the items on
the questionnaire were either amended or substituted with others. The questionnaire was subjected to a test –
retest treatment using person coefficient of correlation formula.
IV. ADMINISTRATION OF INSTRUMENT
The instrument was personally administered on the respondent by the researcher. The respondents were
served differently and necessary explanations were made by her. The filled questionnaire was collected on the
spot by the research, 105 questionnaires copies were administered,5 were discarded due to non completion by
respondents
4.1.HYPOTHESES
HO1: There is no significant relationship between personality and choice of career among secondary school
students.
HO2: There is no significant correlation between opportunity and career choice among secondary school
students.
HO3: There is no significant relationship between environment and choice of career among secondary school
students.
5. The Factors Determining The Choice…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 37
V. DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS.
The responses on the respondents were analyzed, using mean, standard deviation &t-test responses on the
likert –type scale was scored thus Strongly Agree(5),Agree(4),Undecided(3),Strongly
Disagree(2),Disagree(1).The results are presented in the following tables
Table 4: Analysis of perceptions of male and female students in secondary schools on the environment in
determining career choice among secondary school students.
S/N Statement Male Female
_
X S.D
_
X S.D
1. My parents had/ will have great influence in my career choice. 3.13 0.10 3.73 0.45
2. Teachers are/ have been the greatest influence in my career choice 2.72 0.23 2.63 0.23
3. Secondary school students can be influenced by their peers in making career choice 3.48 0.39 3.48 0.39
4. Counselors are/ have been the greatest influence in my career choice 2.72 0.23 2.38 0.39
5. Deviant behaviour of secondary school students in career choice are influenced by the peer
groups
3.43 0.35 3.19 0.11
6. Money has been an issue in choosing a career 2.54 0.37 3.20 0.12
7. Moving with students in tertiary institutions do affect secondary school students career
choice
3.18 0.14 2.82 0.10
8. Living in a low socio economic environment can affect the choice of career among
secondary school students
3.35 0.28 3.87 0.32
9. My parents chose my secondary school subjects 3.32 0.26 3.17 0.10
10. Governmental policies do affect choice of career among secondary school students 3.00 0.00 3.46 0.28
From the above table, it can be seen that taking a mean of above 3.00 as an index of a group majority agreement
to a statement, secondary school students agreed largely that environmental factors can influence the choice of
career among secondary school students.
Table 5: Percentage of responses of male and female students in secondary school on the effect of
environment in making career choice among secondary school students.
S/
N
Statement Male Female
A % D % A % D %
1. My parents had/ will have great influence in my career choice. 22 59 15 41 46 73 17 27
2. Teachers are/ have been the greatest influence in my career
choice
13 35 18 49 26 41 34 54
3. Secondary school students can be influenced by their peers in
making career choice
23 62 13 35 43 68 14 22
4. Counselors are/ have been the greatest influence in my career
choice
12 32 21 57 15 24 38 60
5. Deviant behaviour of secondary school students in career
choice are influenced by the peer groups
22 59 13 35 33 52 22 35
6. Money has been an issue in choosing a career 21 57 11 30 33 52 25 40
7. Moving with students in tertiary institutions do affect secondary
school students career choice
18 49 14 38 27 43 33 52
8. Living in a low socio economic environment can affect the
choice of career among secondary school students
23 62 14 38 48 76 09 14
9. My parents, educators, someone else chose my secondary
school subjects
22 59 14 38 36 57 25 40
1
0.
Governmental policies do affect choice of career among
secondary school students
09 24 18 49 35 56 16 25
From the above table, on the aggregate, 50% of the male students agreed that the environment do affect the
choice of career among secondary school students while only 41% of the male students disagreed with the
statement. Also, 54% of the female secondary school students agreed that the environment plays an important
role in career choice among secondary school students while 49% of the female students disagreed.
6. The Factors Determining The Choice…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 38
Table 6: Analysis of perceptions of male and female students in secondary schools on the effect of
opportunity on career choice among secondary school students.
S/N Statement Male Female
_
X S.D
_
X S.D
1. My grades will determine my career choice 3.32 0.26 3.09 0.05
2. Socio economic status of student always affect the student‟s choice of
career
3.81 0.66 3.74 0.46
3. I have access to employment in a family business 2.51 0.40 2.53 0.29
4. I plan to work in a job for a while, then attend a school or get a
training
3.35 0.28 2.68 0.20
5. I will have to work for the money needed to attend any training after
secondary school
3.24 0.19 3.03 0.01
6. I am fully aware of what technical colleges have to offer 3.86 0.70 3.47 0.29
7. I will consider working after secondary school rather than make a
career choice
3.10 0.08 2.73 0.17
8. I have on one to motivate me in making a career choice 2.21 0.64 2.52 0.30
9. Opportunities and privileges do affect career choice 3.08 0.60 3.31 0.19
10. Educational status of parents can affect career choice 3.07 0.00 3.46 0.28
From the above table, it can be seen that taking a mean of above 3.00 as an index of a group majority agreement
to a statement, secondary school students agreed largely that opportunity factors can influence the choice of
career among secondary school students.
Table 7: Percentage of responses of male and female students in secondary school on the effect
opportunity on career choice among secondary school students.
S/N Statement Male Female
A % D % A % D %
1. My grades will determine my career choice 23 62 13 35 36 57 25 40
2. Socio economic status of student always affect the
student‟s choice of career
26 70 08 22 45 71 15 24
3. I have access to employment in a family business 13 35 24 65 20 32 39 62
4. I plan to work in a job for a while, then attend a
school or get a training
20 54 13 35 16 62 32 51
5. I will have to work for the money needed to attend
any training after secondary school
20 54 15 41 28 44 30 48
6. I am fully aware of what technical colleges have to
offer
27 73 09 24 43 68 20 32
7. I will consider working after secondary school
rather than make a career choice
20 54 17 46 17 27 30 48
8. I have on one to motivate me in making a career
choice
08 22 26 70 18 29 40 63
9. Opportunities and privileges do affect career choice 18 49 15 41 33 52 20 32
10. Educational status of parents can affect career
choice
16 43 17 46 35 56 16 25
From the above table, on the aggregate, 52% of the male students agreed that opportunity do affect the choice of
career among secondary school students while only 42% of the male students disagreed with the statement.
Also, 46% of the female secondary school students agreed that opportunity plays an important role in career
choice among secondary school students while 42% of the female students disagreed.
7. The Factors Determining The Choice…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 39
Table 8: Analysis of perceptions of male and female students in secondary school on the effect of
personality on career choice among secondary school students.
S/N Statement Male Female
_
X S.D
_
X S.D
1. I have definitely make a career choice 4.16 0.95 4.15 0.72
2. I have no career plans at present 1.78 1.00 1.68 0.83
3. I did/ have done career choice on my own 2.86 0.11 3.74 0.46
4. I made the decision choosing my secondary school subjects 3.27 0.22 3.34 0.21
5. I will choose my career choice based on my interest in a particular
occupation
1.94 0.84 3.22 0.13
6. My parents‟ occupations determine my choice of career 2.91 0.07 2.39 0.31
7. Thinking about career choice now is a waste of time 2.21 0.64 2.38 0.39
8. My academic ability will determine my career choice 3.62 0.50 3.26 0.16
9. Once I have my WASCE/ NECO results, then I can make a decision on
my career choice
3.59 0.48 3.26 0.16
10. Teachers‟ characteristics do influence students‟ motivation in choosing
a career
3.62 0.50 3.38 0.23
From the above table, it can be seen that taking a mean of above 2.90 as an index of a group majority agreement
to a statement, secondary school students agreed largely that personality factors can influence the choice of
career among secondary school students.
Table 9: Percentage of responses of male and female students in secondary school on the effect of
personality on career choice among secondary school students.
S/N Statement Male Female
A % D % A % D %
1. I have definitely make a career choice 31 84 03 08 54 86 09 14
2. I have no career plans at present 03 08 31 84 07 11 54 86
3. I did/ have done career choice on my own 13 35 15 41 45 71 13 21
4. I made the decision choosing my secondary school
subjects
22 59 15 41 40 63 23 37
5. I will choose my career choice based on my interest
in a particular occupation
15 41 19 51 18 29 43 68
6. My parents‟ occupations determine my choice of
career
08 22 27 73 12 19 44 70
7. Thinking about career choice now is a waste of time 25 68 11 30 36 57 25 40
8. My academic ability will determine my career choice 25 68 11 30 35 56 25 40
9. Once I have my WASCE/ NECO results, then I can
make a decision on my career choice
25 68 11 30 36 57 27 43
10. Teachers‟ characteristics do influence students‟
motivation in choosing a career
25 68 10 27 36 57 20 32
From the above table, on the aggregate, 52% of the male students agreed that personality do affect the choice of
career among secondary school students while only 42% of the male students disagreed with the statement.
Also, 51% of the female secondary school students agreed that personality plays an important role in career
choice among secondary school students while 45% of the female students disagreed.
8. The Factors Determining The Choice…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 40
Table 10: T- test on secondary school students’ perception on the influence of personality in determining
career choice among secondary school students.
Sex N
_
X S.D
Calculated
T- value
Critical at
t- value
P.05
Remark
Male 37 12.62 1.94
220.25 1.960
Reject Ho
Female 63 6.69 1.45
From the above table, the results indicate higher mean score recorded on perceptions of male students
(X=12.62) than that of female students(X=6.69), the t-value (220.25) is higher than the critical t-value at p.05
(i.e 1.960).Thus the hypothesis that “there is no significant difference in the perception of influential factors on
personality determining the choice of career among secondary school “is rejected.
Table 11: T- test on the influence of opportunity on career choice among secondary school students.
Sex N
_
X S.D
Calculated
T- value
Critical at
t- value
P.05
Remark
Male 37 5.42 0.47
673.48 1.960
Reject
HoFemale 63 13.45 0.91
From the above table, calculated value of t (i.e 673.48) is higher than the critical value (1.960).Therefore, there
is a significant difference in the perceptions of male and female students based on the opportunity in
determining their choice of career. The Null‟s hypothesis is rejected. By implication, it means that the students
largely agreed that opportunity is one of the factors considered to affect career choice among secondary school
students.
Table 12: T- test on the effect of environment on choice of career among secondary school students.
Sex N
_
X S.D
Calculated
T- value
Critical at
t- value
P.05
Remark
Male 37 15.65 2.55
148.69 1.960
Reject Ho
Female 63 10.56 0.90
Also from the table above, it could be deduced that the calculated value of t(148.69)is higher than the critical
value(1.960),therefore there is a significant difference in the perceptions of the students based on the
environment among secondary school students in determining their choice of career. The Null‟s hypothesis is
hereby rejected.
VI. DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
4.1.RESEARCH QUESTION ONE
How does the environment affect career choice among secondary school students?The survey questions
that made up the composite “environmental” group asked if parents, friends, teachers, counselors, or other
family members had been an influence in the career choice process. Another question asked if a parent,
counselor or someone else had chosen the student‟s secondary school subjects. The research question was trying
to ascertain the amount of outside personal influence that had been important to the student in making a career
choice. When responding to statements regarding to environment, students on average actually disagree. The
results show that the influence of people in the closer circle of friends, family, and academia did not particularly
sway influence, or lead students when it came to the career choice process. Individual questions did not show
any significance by themselves. No single survey question in the environment section was particularly important
to the students. Particular questions pique students‟ interests, indicating that there are factors that students see as
important in the career choice process and this is similar to other previous researches carried out in the past.
Ohiwerei, F.O. and Nwosu, B.O. (2009) in their research work, discovered that parents, as one of the
environmental factors, generally wish their children to achieve where they have failed and stated that there is
need for parents, teachers, government and the students to take career choice very seriously as this will
determine whatever the child will become in future.
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4.2.RESEARCH QUESTION TWO
Is opportunity an important factor in determining the choice of career among secondary school
students?Nine descriptive or „descriptor‟ statements that the students again answered on a Likert- like scale
rating represented opportunity. These statements dealt with questions such as money, availability of schooling in
the area, awareness of the technical school system, awareness of four year academic college, the option to work
for a while before attending any training and the option of working in a family business. These responses were
grouped together into a composite score and treated as the „opportunity group‟. The responses were quite a bit
higher than those in the environment section. There was a definite shift of students agreeing that opportunity had
affected their career choice. It shows that students whose parents have advanced education see that as a
determining factor; just as students who see their parents as under average, in education, having a limiting
factor. The response shows that students concerned with financial responsibility might already be working in
order to acquire the needs they feel important. The needs may include saving for an educational future. There no
significant difference between the results of this project work compared with the past research work conducted.
The study conducted by Michael, B.T. (2002) lends credence to this finding. He discovered that students chose
career without considering the factors that influenced career choice such as the issue of poverty, family income
level and issue of marriage. Change has become a constant force for both at work and in life outside of work.
However, change often brings opportunities, flexibility, versatility and adaptability during transitional times,
which can be the keys to career- building success.
4.3.RESEARCH QUESTION THREE
What influence does personality has on career choosing among secondary school students?
The last area to be addressed was the “personality” descriptors. These responses reflected attitudes that might be
indicative of certain attitudes discussed in the literature review. These four personality descriptive statement
dealt with grades, doing career research on their own, being willing to work in a job traditionally held by the
opposite sex and being the type of student who would choose his or her own secondary school subjects. From
the responses, it shows that students who thought about career early on in life are higher than those who also
waited until a decision was required. This finding is not different from that of Dickson Onoyase and Anna
Onoyase (2009) which indicated that a great number of students indicated their interest for prestigious career
like Medicine, Law and Engineering instead of those that match their personality type. Previous researches also
confirmed that many students are still ignorant of not only subject combinations that lead to their career, but also
the type of personality that fits their career, probably, this was why almost all the students took prestigious
careers that are mismatch for their personality types. Analysis of the composite scores of environment,
opportunity and personality shows that students believed personality affects their career choice the most. The
researcher thought that providing a place in the survey for personal input would give some insight into the
extent to which these secondary school students were addressing careers. While the answers in themselves do
not convey any statistical results, one can see that environment, opportunity and personality will interact if these
careers are to be realized.
VII. SUMMARY
This study has dealt with factors concerning career choice among secondary school students in Ikenne
Local Government area of Ogun State. This study has thrown light into the misconception among secondary
school students about the factors that determine their choice of career. It also revealed that all the selected
secondary schools in Ikenne Local Government Area lacked the service of a career counselor which has made
the students in that area to be one- sided in their choice of career and their parents are looking towards a
prestigious career for their offspring.
VIII. CONCLUSION
It has been observed that while students aim at such prestigious occupations when still in secondary
school, it has not been possible for many to achieve their aims for one reason or the other. Such reasons often
include among others; poor academic performance, poor choice of subjects for the school certificate
examination, lack of financial support to pursue their education which makes it impossible for such boys and
girls to get their required training that would qualify them for the jobs of their choice. Also lack of sufficient
information about different jobs, the course of study as well as other activities are among such reasons students
are thus unable to judge whether they would like all that their choices actually entails. Many people are then left
with no definite career satisfaction. One can therefore conclude that while students do not feel environmental
factors are important, they did not show outright disregard for them. There is some interest, just not significant
interest. I believe that students do listen to the people around them; and that those people are going to have
similar, not significant ideas.
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The students may unknowingly define their thinking based on the ideas and suggestions of the people
in their support group. Students show their awareness of the economic issues and some solutions or answers by
the way they responded to these questions. Since the career process is ever evolving, it is important for students
to learn what their opportunities are, capitalize on them, and then move on. When it comes to predictive costs
versus benefits of education, this is where students can make a mistake either overestimating or underestimating
their economic situations. Students should not confine themselves to just one opportunity, nor should they stop
trying if the possible opportunity dries up. If opportunity is not present they have to make their own
opportunities or move on. The students choosing personality as their most significant career choice factor, and
then, definitely making a career choice because they did career choice on their own lend credence to what the
literature is saying all along. Students must know themselves and make their own career choice decision based
on that self- confidence in their decision making process. As far as personality being important in the career
choice process, I believe that individuals must know themselves and use that self- knowledge as a tool when
making a career choice. There are multiple ways to approach our interests; everyone is an individual with their
own way of doing things. This brings into the discussion the statement made in the literature that only the
student can decide what is best for them. Students must remember that while there are infinite numbers of
resources available for research, they must decide for themselves what works for them. The students can use all
the tools available but it is the make- up of the student‟s personality, drive, ambition and creativity that
synthesize the effort into success.
IX. RECOMMENDATIONS
In the light of the findings made in this study, it is recommended that students can live within a host of
environmental factors and survive rather well. If government and the educational system in particular are going
to impact our secondary school students, there are areas other than environment that students feel are more
important. There are many opportunities for educational facilities, industry, and community to capitalize in
cases where students find themselves intellectually qualified for a certain area but economically short of money
needed to complete the training. The literature suggests mentoring and role modeling as positive forces. Schools
and businesses could partner to provide real life scenario and problem- solving situations from which students
could benefit, both from practice and experience. Government could use schools and businesses to incubate new
ideas and new technology. Students could provide ready- made labour to work as researchers, while learning in
the process. The idea is to trade their youthful energy and time for experience and making a success from
otherwise unprofitable ventures. Students need to see education; not in terms of economic roadblocks, rather
experiential opportunities.
The overwhelming recommendation from experts in the field is for students to get involved at any age,
at any stage of interest, in any way they feel comfortable. Students should always be testing their ideas
concerning possible careers. Career research is a process not a final answer; thus it does not end after secondary
school. The more students have their skills, the better students become at the career choice process. Career
research means knowing ourselves, our personality. Since career research is a process, the students must
develop a system that works for them. An example of a system I like, use and recommend would be a portfolio.
One of the many things a portfolio does is allow the individual to see in a nutshell, the progress one has made
through the years. In this instance, it has more value for the owner than to say a potential employer or counselor.
Portfolio shows areas of concentration that mark areas of interest shown by the owner. Portfolio can take many
shapes. A portfolio, for example, could be in a diary form or a computer file complete with digital pictures and
text or sound. The portfolio can be an evolving collection, always replacing when we feel it appropriate.
Sections of the portfolio may include examples of what we have already accomplished, but also notes,
newspaper clippings, articles of interests we would like to investigate in the future. This portfolio then becomes
something we can show counselors, instructors, and possible employers in the future. Portfolio can help us
remember something we had accomplished a long time ago.
A skill we forgot we had. The portfolio should be a reflection of who we are. Again, no one is perfect.
The more experienced we become in our decision making process, the more intuitive the process becomes.
Experience does not hurt; which is why students must start the process at an early age. The more practice the
better. Making small mistakes at an early age is not disastrous. That is not to say students should ignore advice;
they can save themselves a lot of trouble when they need good advice. In the end, no one knows oneself better
than they know themselves. They are the ones who must make the decisions and then live with those decisions,
able to learn and move on. Students and instructors should always be aware of the potential for integrating
academic as well as life experiences into their portfolios. One of the primary reasons why people go to school is
to become productive members of the society. They can always apply Mathematics, English as well as
Computer to a career. When they find a roadblock in a particular area of interest, students should analyze or
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isolate what it is in particular they do not like. If they need help, getting a different prospective from someone
they trust may help them move on. They need to ask many questions from parents, instructors, business people
and counselors. Parents, instructors, business people, counselors, must not follow the urge to preach. Since the
student is searching for pros and cons, it is the pros and cons that should be provided when asked for advice. As
explained in the literature, it would be wrong to pretend to know what is best for the student. The student must
come to a realization in his or her own way, in order for it to be meaningful. Schools, industry and family must
provide an environment that fosters the student‟s own realization and act as mentors, facilitators or helpers. The
student must build some kind of process that will work for them. Again, the earlier the student starts this
process, the smaller and less painful are the failures. There can be failures in order for there to be success.
Career choice must be brought into a clearer focus, starting with the students in primary school and continue
beyond. Students seem to make secondary school a watershed for making big decision. Career choice is an ever-
evolving process. Career choice is a process that includes experimentation, trial and error, decision- making and
eventual judgment. Students must be made aware of this process; it has yet to be perfected.
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