A brief review of Triple Spark technology used in the new generation of pulsars by BAJAJ Auto.

2. Outline
1. Introduction
2. Working
3. Position of spark plugs
4. Tests conducted
5. Combustion comparison
7. Advantages and limitations
8. Conclusion
Reference

3. Introduction

4. What is “TRIPLE SPARK” technology?
Triple Spark technology uses three spark plugs to ignite the fuel as against single spark
plug in the conventional petrol engine design.

5. How Triple Spark technology works?
This technology is developed by Bajaj Auto and is implemented in Bajaj Pulsar 200NS.

6. It consists of two inlet valves and two outlet valves and three Spark plugs.
The two inlet valves allow the air fuel mixture to flow freely to the combustion chamber.

7. The two outlet valves allow the exhaust gases to be released smoothly.
This helps the engine breathe easily even at high RPMs.

8. Packing in 4 valves and three spark plugs within the tight combustion chamber is no
mean feat which indicates the engineering excellence of Bajaj R&D team.

9. working

10. The master plug takes the center place and the two slave plugs opposition across the
lateral axis of the engine head. (Over square configuration).

11. This configuration helps in delaying the ignition timing almost by 15 degree TDC yet
resulting in optimal combustion.

12. Position of spark
plugs

13. Position of single spark plug

14. Apache RTR 180 with single spark ignition

15. Position of Twin Spark Plug

16. Pulsar 220 F with twin spark ignition

17. Position of Triple spark plug

18. Triple spark combustion Chamber

19. Pulsar 200NS with Triple Spark ignition

20. Tests
conducted
Single vs. Twin vs. Triple Spark ignitions

21. Changes in brake specific fuel
consumption with load for
single plug, twin plug and
triple plug modes. Following
observation can be made from
it:
 BSFC is very high at the initial
stage for all three engines.
 It is maximum for single spark
engine and minimum for the
triple spark engine.
BRAKE SPECIFIC FUEL CONSUMPTION V/S
LOAD

22. Changes in Volumetric
Efficiency with load for single
plug, twin plug and triple plug
modes. Following observation
can be made from it:
• Initially volumetric efficiency is
maximum for single spark
engine and minimum for triple
spark engine.
• In all the cases it increases with
the increase in the load.
VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY V/S LOAD

23. Changes in un burnt
hydrocarbon with load for
single plug, twin plug and
triple plug modes.
Following observation can
be made from it:
• UBHC emissions are higher
in single spark engine
because of incomplete
combustion.
• Triple spark engines have
lesser and better UBHC
emission due to better and
faster completion of
combustion.
UNBURNT HYDROCARBON EMMISION VS
LOAD

24. Changes in CO emission with
load for single plug, twin plug
and triple plug modes.
Following observation can be
made from it:
• CO emissions are highest for the
single spark engine due to
incomplete combustion.
• It is least for the triple spark
engine.
• CO emissions decrease with load
in all three conditions because at
high temperature CO gets
oxidized.
CO EMISSION V/S LOAD

25. Changes in Nox emissions
with load for single plug,
twin plug and triple plug
modes. Following
observation can be made
from it:
• NOx emissions are higher
for twin and triple Plug
engine at initial conditions.
• It increases with the load till
2.1kg in all three engines.
• Curve of triple plug engine
tends to approach minimum
value due to liquid cooling.
Nox EMISSION V/S LOAD

26. Combustion
Comparison

28. Comparison b/w single, twin & triple spark
ignition

29. As we can notice that in spite of 15 degree later ignition timing in the triple spark
system the combustion ends in advance of the others.

30. What can be achieved from this

31. Resulting in more power and better fuel efficiency.

32. The ignition of the three
spark plugs is controlled
by Electronic Control Unit
which is also called an
ECU.

33. The ECU uses different ignition maps for different riding conditions to ensure that the
flame propagation in the combustion chamber is optimal.

34. As for cruising
The ECU responses calmly

35. And during top speed.
The ECU response is faster than usual

36. This helps in achieving:

40. Bajaj Pulsar 200 AS
Which is a boon for a critical sports bike. This technology can be found in the following
machines:

41. Bajaj Pulsar RS 200

42.  Easier starting.
 Superior running with min vibrations and noise.
 Less emissions.
 More output power and thermal efficiency.
 Less prone to plug fouling.
 Smooth working even at higher RPMs.
 No issues on Cold air intake.
 No chances of knocking.
ADVANTAGES

43.  Costlier Technology.
 Complications in its design.
 Fault in ECU can lead to malfunctioning of
engine.
 Requires high cooling (liquid cooled).
 Failure in cooling can cause severe damage to
engine.
 Heavier engine compared to twin spark and single
spark engines.
LIMITATIONS

44.  Following conclusions are made according to
experimental results:
 Combustion process in triple spark engine takes
place 27% faster than twin spark and 50% than
single spark engine due to faster flame
propagation.
 Brake thermal efficiency of twin spark engine is
5.1% higher and BTE of triple spark engine is
about 13% higher than single spark engine.
CONCLUSION

45.  Narasimha bailkeri, Krishna Prasad and Shrinivasa Rao B.R ,(2013)
Comparative study of Performance of Dual plug and single plug S.I engine at
different compression ratios, International Journals Of Advanced Research In
Engineering And Technology (IJARET), Volume 4, Issue 5, pp. 188-197.
 Narasimha bailkeri, Krishna Prasad and Shrinivasa Rao B.R ,(2013)
Performance Study on Twin Plug Spark Ignition Engine at Different Ignition
Timings, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Volume 2
Issue 8, India Online ISSN: 2319-7064.
 Ajay K.Singh , A.Rehman,( 2013) The Effect of Dual Spark Plug on Engine
Performance Parameter in Two Stroke Gasoline Engine, International Journal
of Applied Research and Studies (iJARS) ISSN: 2278-9480 Volume 2, Issue 7.
 Vi H. Rapp, Anthony DeFilippo, Samveg Saxena, Jyh-Yuan Chen,RobertW.
Dibble,Atsushi Nishiyama, AhsaMoon, and Yuji Ikeda,(2012) Extending Lean
Operating Limit and Reducing Emissions of Methane Spark-Ignited Engines
Using a Microwave-Assisted Spark Plug, Hindawi Publishing Corporation,
Journal of Combustion, Volume 2012, Article ID 927081,
doi:10.1155/2012/927081.
REFERENCES

46. A video representing the triple spark ignition system and
the machine in which it is implemented