The document discusses drilling techniques, highlighting the necessity of drilling for various construction purposes such as building foundations, road-making, and tunneling. It categorizes drills into abrasion drills, which grind rock using bits, and percussion drills, which break rock through impacts. The selection of drilling methods and equipment is influenced by factors such as rock hardness, depth, and project size, while optimum drilling pressure is essential for cost-effective operations.

1. S.P.B PATEL ENGINEERING COLLEGE
NAME ENROLLMENT NO.
Patel sandip S. 136930306521
Patel vivek V. 136930306524
Patel purv D. 136930306541

2. DRILLING
DRILLING is the process of making hole in solid Materials
like rocks , timber , metal etc……
For blasting ,drilling is necessary to make hole in the rock to
place explosive in the drill hole.

3. Necessity Of Drilling:
 for breaking rocks for the foundation of dam
 for getting stones from quarry
 for making roads in mountains.
 for tunnelling.
 for sinking caissons or well foundation.
 For laying pipeline in the rocky strata.

4. Types Of Drills
Drills can broadly be classified into the following two
categories:
1. Abrasion drills
2. Percussion drills

5. Abrasion Drills
* in this types of drills, the grinding of the of rock into
small particles is carried out through the abrasive effect
of a bit which roatates in the hole.
* Common types of abrasive drills are as Under
1. Shot Drills
2. Diamond Drills

6. SHOT DRILLS

7. Diamond Drills
• Primarily the diamond drills are used for exploration
drilling, where cores are desired for the purpase of
studying the structure of the rocks.
• The diamond drills are available in four standard sizes.
• 1:- 37.5MM
• 2:- 47MM
• 3:- 60MM
• 4:- 75MM

9. Percaution Drills
• in this types of drill, the disintegration of rock into
small particles in achieved by the impact from
repeated blows.
• Commons types of percussion drills are as under.
1:- churn drills
2:- drifters
3:- jack-hammer
4:-piston drill
5:- rotary hammer drills
6:- wagon drills

10. Selection of Drilling method and
Equipment
 Holes are drilled into the rock for different
purposes like blasting , grouting , investigations , etc.
The drilling method and equipment should be so
selected that maximum work can be done at minimum
cost.
 The following factors should be considered
while selecting drilling method and equipment:

11.  Hardness of rock.
 Depth of bore hole.
 Nature of terrain.
 Texture of rock.
 Purpose off hole e.g. blasting , grouting , investigation
, etc.
 Availability of water.
 Size of project.
 Size of core required for exporation.

12. Factors Affecting the optimum
drilling pressure:
 The pressure at which the cost of drilling of
unit depth of hole is minimum is called optimum
pressure.
 Factors affecting optimum pressure:
 Value of increased production.
 Additional cost for providing air at high pressure.
 Cost of leakage due to high pressure.
 Increase in cost of repair and maintenance of drill.

13.  III effects of noise in tunnels.
 Effect on availability of high pressure drill or air
compressor.

14. Thank You