DNA can be used as a data storage medium due to its very high data storage capacity. A single gram of DNA is capable of storing 215 petabytes of data, which is far more compact than current magnetic tape or hard drive storage systems. DNA data storage works by encoding digital data into the base sequence of DNA. While DNA offers incredible storage density and longevity, the technology currently has limitations such as error rates, slow retrieval speeds, high production costs, and the risk of mutations during storage.