This study measured the distribution of carbon-14 (C-14) in wheat and maize plants that were treated with C-14 labeled malathion pesticide. Greater C-14 content was found in the roots of wheat and leaves of maize. Maize showed a higher absorption of pesticides than wheat, possibly due to its larger fat content and higher transpiration rate. Some C-14 remained in the soil after planting. The study demonstrates how labeled pesticides translocate and accumulate in different plant tissues and soil over time.
RESIDUAL ESTIMATION OF ISOPROTURON, ATRAZINE AND GRAIN PROTECTANTS IN STORED ...ijabjournal
This study was carried out to see the occurrence and level of pesticide residues in stored wheat grain samples. Wheat grains were collected from different godowns located in Faisalabad district. Weedicide residues in wheat grains were analyzed by using thin plate liquid chromatography and validated high
performance liquid chromatography. On the basis of extent of inhibition of the Hill reaction, it was found that the level of atrazine was (0-0.028 ngkg-1) and the level of isopproturon was (0-0.024 ngkg-1) in test samples. The calculated values were below the Maximum Residue Limit (MEL) i.e. 100 ngkg-1 for atrazine and 2200 ngkg-1 for isoproturon. It was found that presence of herbicide residues in stored wheat was negligible. Further, on wheat grain samples placed in jars and treated with deltamethrin and cypermethrin @0.4 and 0.8% concentration. The persistency data was calculated after 1 hour, 7, 15 and 30 days of treatment. The grain protectants were continuously degraded with the passage of time and after the 30 days
the amount of residues of the grain protectants was found to be very small. It was concluded that the use of the grain protectants in the powder form in combination with other botanicals on stored wheat samples is feasible to reduce the insect pest in stored grains.
Phytochemical Screening and Gc-Ms Analysis of Garudan Samba Traditional Rice ...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract— The Garudan Samba, an important Traditional variety of Tamil Nadu was investigated for its phytochemical screening and GCMS study. The brown rice was extracted using ethanol. The results obtained after GCMS studies were confirmed by spectral analysis. The analysis of the ethanol extract showed the presence of n-Hexadecanoic acid, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, and Oleic acid, as major constituents of the total compounds (76.33%), which have the capacity to prevent many health related disorders. It also contained the medicinally important compounds like Caryophyllene, Ethyl Oleate, Squalene, γ-Tocopherol, Lup-20(29)-en-3-ol, acetate, (3β)-, and phyto sterols like Campesterol, Stigmasterol and β-Sitosterol. Hence, Garudan samba may be considered as one of the important Traditional variety with high level of medicinally important phytoconstituents.
Evaluation of fungicides and biological agents for the management of mango an...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract— Mango is an important fruit crop in area and production in Gujarat also, where it is cultivated over an area of about 130.1 thousand hectares with annual production of 911.3 thousand tones with productivity of 7.01 tones/ha. Its plantation has become quite popular in the districts of Valsad, Junagadh, Navsari, Kutch, Surat, Amreli and Bhavnagar because of favourable agro-climate condition. Mango is affected by number of diseases at all the stages of its development right from plant in nursery to the fruit in storage or transit. Mango is prone to many fungal diseases like Anthracnose, Rhizopus rot, Stem end rot, Penicillum rot, Black mould rot, Mucor rot, Phyllosticta rot, Pestalotiopsis rot, Macrophoma rot and powdery mildew, leading to heavy loss in yield. Among these diseases, anthracnose is the major disease of mango as it occurs at all the growing parts including leaves, twigs, flowers, fruits except root and trunk throughout the year. Anthracnose caused by Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) Spauld and H Schrenk (anamorph: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.)) appear to be more severe causing devastation of mango fruits during grading, packing, transportation, storage and marketing (Pathak, 1980).
Cumulative effect of modified atmospheric packaging on the textural and chemi...SukhveerSingh31
Fruits and vegetables have been consumed by humans since ancient times. Scientific
investigations have proved that an increased consumption of fruits and vegetables is known to
reduce instances of cancer and cardiovascular mortality (Bhardwaj et al., 2014)
Study of Bioactive Components Present in Oil Extracted from Fenugreek Seed: R...AI Publications
A fenugreek seed (Trigonella foenum-graecum) is a native of India, and also found in Mediterranean region, southern Europe, Africa and western Asia. These seeds have their importance due to the medicinal properties as well as nutraceutical value present in their chemical composition. This fenugreek seeds were used for treating diabetes, menstrual cramps, cancer, heart related disease, skin and hair fall treatments, high per tension, weight loss, to increase milk supply in women who were breastfeeding. This seeds is found to be abundant in N-Dimethylaminomethyl, 1-ptoprnol, 2, 2-dimethyl-aceto, Aziridine,1,2,3-trimethyl-trans, 2-pentanone,4-hydroxy-4 meth, 2-trimethylsily-1,3-dithiane, 3-0-methyl-d-glucose, d-mannopyranoiside,uronate,Diazidine1,3,3-trimethyl,Methyl 4,8dimethylnonanoate There are numerous methods available on extraction of these compounds right from conventional (Maceration, Percolation, Reflux extraction, Soxhlet extraction, microwave assist extraction, pressurised liquid extraction, super critical fluid extraction, Pulsed electric field extraction, Enzyme assisted extraction, Ultrasound assisted extraction) apart from this some water based extraction technique may also use to extract bioactive compounds from fenugreek seeds. In present article a focus has been given to highlight importance of fenugreek seeds extract in terms of extraction of bioactive compounds and their probable application in the area of food and pharmaceuticals.
Protective Effect of Alysicarpus Monilifer L., Against CCl4 induced Hepatotox...ijtsrd
Alysicarpus monilifer L. is a widely used plant in the north coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh, India, has been used in indigenous system of medicine. The roots are used for the treatment of leprosy and urinary troubles. The decoction of roots is prescribed for cough. The boiled leaves are used as purgative. The herb is credited with anti- pyretic, anti- periodic and expectorant properties, febrifuge and also recommended for cutanious scabies and boils and to cure pain. Acute toxicity tests were conducted as per OECD guidelines on Alysicarpus monilifer L. whole plant. The hydro-alcoholic extract of the aerial parts at 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg b.w., was tested in Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity of rats followed by histopathological examination of the isolated livers of the control and the treated groups . The potential effects in protecting liver function by reducing the elevated levels of various serum biochemical parameters in a dose dependent manner, reducing oxidative stress, and histopathological alterations in the rat model of CCl4 “induced liver damage was demonstrated. The results showed significant protective effect against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats. The study on qualitative phytochemical screening also identified some important bioactive phytochemical principles such as steroids, triterpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrates and glycosides in this plant which were also validated as antioxidants and biologically active phytoconstituents. This report of hepatoprotective activity of Alysicarpus monilifer L. throws light on attenuation of hepatotoxic effects of CCl4 challenged rats by membrane stabilization through antioxidation K. Manikya Kumari | V. Padmaja"Protective Effect of Alysicarpus Monilifer L., Against CCl4 induced Hepatotoxicity in Albino Rats" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-4 , June 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd114.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/botany/114/protective-effect-of-alysicarpus-monilifer-l-against-ccl4-induced-hepatotoxicity-in-albino-rats/k-manikya-kumari
Effect of Growth Retardants on Shoot and Root Development of Stevia(Steviareb...IOSRJAVS
Stevia rebaudianaBertoni is a natural sweetener herb, which is promising in food and pharmaceutical production. In Egypt, the gap between sugar production and consumption represents a serious problem, in order to close this gap; Stevia could be cultivated in the Egyptian environmental conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of paclobutrazol(PBZ) and ethephon (ET) on shooting and rooting of stevia plant in vitroto improve the survival and growth of Stevia plantlets during acclimatization.The highest shoot number (48.0 shoots/explant) and the highest number of leaves (7.34) were recorded on MS medium containing 0.1mg/l PBZ. Whereas, the highest shoot length (7.36 cm) was obtained on MS medium without supplementation withPBZ or ET. The highest fresh and dry weights of shoots was recorded on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l PBZ, which gave2.83 and 0.39 g, respectively. The highest number of roots (8.44 roots/shoot) was obtained with 0.1mg/l PBZ. Also, this study indicates that PBZ or ET increased chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids and carbohydrates content in the plant. PBZ and ET had significant effect on thesurvival of plants ex vitro, which recorded 85 and75%, respectively.
In vitro free radical scavenging activity of different extracts of Adansonia ...IJEAB
The species Adanasonia digitata L. (Bombacaceae) is a multipurpose tree with enormous range of medicinal and economic importance. The objective of the current study was to investigate the free radical scavenging potential of A. digitata. The methanol extracts of different parts i.e., leaf, seed, bark, fruit wall and floral extracts of A. digitata were screened for antioxidant activity using DPPH assay. Results from this study showed that the maximum and minimum percentage of free radical scavenging activity was exhibited by methanol extracts of seed and fruit wall (27.69 & 20) as measured by using DPPH assay. These results showed the antioxidant potential of this medicinal plant to make use in the preparation of drugs with free radical scavenging activity.
A B S T R A C T
The main objective of the present study is to formulate and evaluate a poly herbal ointment with antiseptic activity.
Ointments were formulated using methanolic extracts of Eclipta alba, Ocimum sanctum, Azadiracta indica and Achyranthes
aspera which were evaluated for its physicochemical property, antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Ointments were
prepared using different concentrations of the extracts such as 2%, 4%, 6% w/w by fusion method using emulsifying
ointment as base. Formulations were then tested for its physicochemical properties which gave satisfactory results. The
prepared formulations were also stable at 4ºC, 25ºC and 37ºC. Further, Polyherbal formulations were evaluated for its antibacterial
activity against Betadine (5%w/w) as the standard. All the formulations showed Predominant activity against
selected species. Formulations were also evaluated for anti-oxidant activity through reducing power assay, nitric oxide and
hydrogen peroxide scavenging method. The results showed that the scavenging activity of the formulations increased with
increase in concentration and this is due to the presence of flavanoids and tannins. The presence of both antibacterial and
antioxidant activity reveals that the prepared ointment can also be used for wound healing. Hence an attempt was made to
formulate a Polyherbal ointment, and to evaluate for its physical parameter, in-vitro anti-oxidant activity and to compare its
antibacterial activity with a marketed formulation (5% w/w Betadine).Overall result of this study reveals that this is an
effective Polyherbal antiseptic ointment.
Keywords: Eclipta alba, Ocimum sanctum, Azadiracta indica, Achyranthes aspera Formulations, Spread ability,
Extrudability
Tagetes Erecta Linn (Sunflower) Concise ReviewTECHNOXMART
A Fully Approved Concise Review Of Tagetes Erecta Linn Also Called Sunflower. This Review Is Done After Practicing & All Information Is 100% Genuine Of My Best Knowledge & Is In Fully Systematic Way.
Antibacterial Activity of Leaf Methanolic Extract of S. Caryophyllatum (L.) A...iosrjce
S.caryophyllatum (L.) Alston belongs to the family Myrtaceae is an endangered species. It possesses
traditional as well as pharmacological properties. The objective of the present investigation was to find out the
antibacterial activity of S. caryophyllatum leaf methanolic extract against some human pathogenic bacteria. It
was followed by Disc Diffusion method using gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains such as
Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Sarcina lutea, Esherichia coli,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella Spp., Salmonella typhi and Proteus mirabilis. The result showed that the
inhibitory effect on Bacillus subtilis (24mm) was high when compared to E. coli (21mm) and Bacillus cereus
(20mm).This effect on the bacterial strains may be due to the presence of secondary metabolites present in the
leaf methanolic extract of Syzygium caryophyllatum.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE ANTIFUNGAL EFFECT OF OILS AND THEIR UNSAPONIFIABLE F...EDITOR IJCRCPS
The main objective of the study was to assess the in vitro antifungal potency of the unsaponifiable fraction extracted
from coat and bark seeds oils of Citrullus colocynthis L against pathogenic fungal strains namely Aspergillus flavus,
Aspergillus ochraceus, Penicillium expansum and Fusarium oxysporum. In terms of the physico-chemical
characterization, oils under study showed evidence of quality standards relating to vegetable oils. Unsaponifiable
matter yield recorded was approximately 0.93% and 1.03%, for the seed coat oil and bark seed oil respectively.
Antifungal activity carried out by radial growth on solid medium (Potatoes Dextrose Agar acidified) revealed that the
oils and the corresponding unsaponifiable fractions exhibited complete inhibition of fungal growth. Maximal antifungal
index inhibition (IAF=100%) were recorded at 5% and 2.5% dilutions of each fraction tested. The results provided
evidence that the unsaponifiable oils fractions might indeed be potential sources of natural antifungal agents and
deserve further studies to characterize the biological compounds included in these fractions.
Keywords: Citrullus colocynthis seeds, seed coat, bark, oils, unsaponifiable fraction, antifungal activity.
Comparative Analysis of Phytochemical compounds in Normal and root gall of Ok...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
RESIDUAL ESTIMATION OF ISOPROTURON, ATRAZINE AND GRAIN PROTECTANTS IN STORED ...ijabjournal
This study was carried out to see the occurrence and level of pesticide residues in stored wheat grain samples. Wheat grains were collected from different godowns located in Faisalabad district. Weedicide residues in wheat grains were analyzed by using thin plate liquid chromatography and validated high
performance liquid chromatography. On the basis of extent of inhibition of the Hill reaction, it was found that the level of atrazine was (0-0.028 ngkg-1) and the level of isopproturon was (0-0.024 ngkg-1) in test samples. The calculated values were below the Maximum Residue Limit (MEL) i.e. 100 ngkg-1 for atrazine and 2200 ngkg-1 for isoproturon. It was found that presence of herbicide residues in stored wheat was negligible. Further, on wheat grain samples placed in jars and treated with deltamethrin and cypermethrin @0.4 and 0.8% concentration. The persistency data was calculated after 1 hour, 7, 15 and 30 days of treatment. The grain protectants were continuously degraded with the passage of time and after the 30 days
the amount of residues of the grain protectants was found to be very small. It was concluded that the use of the grain protectants in the powder form in combination with other botanicals on stored wheat samples is feasible to reduce the insect pest in stored grains.
Phytochemical Screening and Gc-Ms Analysis of Garudan Samba Traditional Rice ...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract— The Garudan Samba, an important Traditional variety of Tamil Nadu was investigated for its phytochemical screening and GCMS study. The brown rice was extracted using ethanol. The results obtained after GCMS studies were confirmed by spectral analysis. The analysis of the ethanol extract showed the presence of n-Hexadecanoic acid, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, and Oleic acid, as major constituents of the total compounds (76.33%), which have the capacity to prevent many health related disorders. It also contained the medicinally important compounds like Caryophyllene, Ethyl Oleate, Squalene, γ-Tocopherol, Lup-20(29)-en-3-ol, acetate, (3β)-, and phyto sterols like Campesterol, Stigmasterol and β-Sitosterol. Hence, Garudan samba may be considered as one of the important Traditional variety with high level of medicinally important phytoconstituents.
Evaluation of fungicides and biological agents for the management of mango an...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract— Mango is an important fruit crop in area and production in Gujarat also, where it is cultivated over an area of about 130.1 thousand hectares with annual production of 911.3 thousand tones with productivity of 7.01 tones/ha. Its plantation has become quite popular in the districts of Valsad, Junagadh, Navsari, Kutch, Surat, Amreli and Bhavnagar because of favourable agro-climate condition. Mango is affected by number of diseases at all the stages of its development right from plant in nursery to the fruit in storage or transit. Mango is prone to many fungal diseases like Anthracnose, Rhizopus rot, Stem end rot, Penicillum rot, Black mould rot, Mucor rot, Phyllosticta rot, Pestalotiopsis rot, Macrophoma rot and powdery mildew, leading to heavy loss in yield. Among these diseases, anthracnose is the major disease of mango as it occurs at all the growing parts including leaves, twigs, flowers, fruits except root and trunk throughout the year. Anthracnose caused by Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) Spauld and H Schrenk (anamorph: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.)) appear to be more severe causing devastation of mango fruits during grading, packing, transportation, storage and marketing (Pathak, 1980).
Cumulative effect of modified atmospheric packaging on the textural and chemi...SukhveerSingh31
Fruits and vegetables have been consumed by humans since ancient times. Scientific
investigations have proved that an increased consumption of fruits and vegetables is known to
reduce instances of cancer and cardiovascular mortality (Bhardwaj et al., 2014)
Study of Bioactive Components Present in Oil Extracted from Fenugreek Seed: R...AI Publications
A fenugreek seed (Trigonella foenum-graecum) is a native of India, and also found in Mediterranean region, southern Europe, Africa and western Asia. These seeds have their importance due to the medicinal properties as well as nutraceutical value present in their chemical composition. This fenugreek seeds were used for treating diabetes, menstrual cramps, cancer, heart related disease, skin and hair fall treatments, high per tension, weight loss, to increase milk supply in women who were breastfeeding. This seeds is found to be abundant in N-Dimethylaminomethyl, 1-ptoprnol, 2, 2-dimethyl-aceto, Aziridine,1,2,3-trimethyl-trans, 2-pentanone,4-hydroxy-4 meth, 2-trimethylsily-1,3-dithiane, 3-0-methyl-d-glucose, d-mannopyranoiside,uronate,Diazidine1,3,3-trimethyl,Methyl 4,8dimethylnonanoate There are numerous methods available on extraction of these compounds right from conventional (Maceration, Percolation, Reflux extraction, Soxhlet extraction, microwave assist extraction, pressurised liquid extraction, super critical fluid extraction, Pulsed electric field extraction, Enzyme assisted extraction, Ultrasound assisted extraction) apart from this some water based extraction technique may also use to extract bioactive compounds from fenugreek seeds. In present article a focus has been given to highlight importance of fenugreek seeds extract in terms of extraction of bioactive compounds and their probable application in the area of food and pharmaceuticals.
Protective Effect of Alysicarpus Monilifer L., Against CCl4 induced Hepatotox...ijtsrd
Alysicarpus monilifer L. is a widely used plant in the north coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh, India, has been used in indigenous system of medicine. The roots are used for the treatment of leprosy and urinary troubles. The decoction of roots is prescribed for cough. The boiled leaves are used as purgative. The herb is credited with anti- pyretic, anti- periodic and expectorant properties, febrifuge and also recommended for cutanious scabies and boils and to cure pain. Acute toxicity tests were conducted as per OECD guidelines on Alysicarpus monilifer L. whole plant. The hydro-alcoholic extract of the aerial parts at 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg b.w., was tested in Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity of rats followed by histopathological examination of the isolated livers of the control and the treated groups . The potential effects in protecting liver function by reducing the elevated levels of various serum biochemical parameters in a dose dependent manner, reducing oxidative stress, and histopathological alterations in the rat model of CCl4 “induced liver damage was demonstrated. The results showed significant protective effect against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats. The study on qualitative phytochemical screening also identified some important bioactive phytochemical principles such as steroids, triterpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrates and glycosides in this plant which were also validated as antioxidants and biologically active phytoconstituents. This report of hepatoprotective activity of Alysicarpus monilifer L. throws light on attenuation of hepatotoxic effects of CCl4 challenged rats by membrane stabilization through antioxidation K. Manikya Kumari | V. Padmaja"Protective Effect of Alysicarpus Monilifer L., Against CCl4 induced Hepatotoxicity in Albino Rats" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-4 , June 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd114.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/botany/114/protective-effect-of-alysicarpus-monilifer-l-against-ccl4-induced-hepatotoxicity-in-albino-rats/k-manikya-kumari
Effect of Growth Retardants on Shoot and Root Development of Stevia(Steviareb...IOSRJAVS
Stevia rebaudianaBertoni is a natural sweetener herb, which is promising in food and pharmaceutical production. In Egypt, the gap between sugar production and consumption represents a serious problem, in order to close this gap; Stevia could be cultivated in the Egyptian environmental conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of paclobutrazol(PBZ) and ethephon (ET) on shooting and rooting of stevia plant in vitroto improve the survival and growth of Stevia plantlets during acclimatization.The highest shoot number (48.0 shoots/explant) and the highest number of leaves (7.34) were recorded on MS medium containing 0.1mg/l PBZ. Whereas, the highest shoot length (7.36 cm) was obtained on MS medium without supplementation withPBZ or ET. The highest fresh and dry weights of shoots was recorded on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l PBZ, which gave2.83 and 0.39 g, respectively. The highest number of roots (8.44 roots/shoot) was obtained with 0.1mg/l PBZ. Also, this study indicates that PBZ or ET increased chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids and carbohydrates content in the plant. PBZ and ET had significant effect on thesurvival of plants ex vitro, which recorded 85 and75%, respectively.
In vitro free radical scavenging activity of different extracts of Adansonia ...IJEAB
The species Adanasonia digitata L. (Bombacaceae) is a multipurpose tree with enormous range of medicinal and economic importance. The objective of the current study was to investigate the free radical scavenging potential of A. digitata. The methanol extracts of different parts i.e., leaf, seed, bark, fruit wall and floral extracts of A. digitata were screened for antioxidant activity using DPPH assay. Results from this study showed that the maximum and minimum percentage of free radical scavenging activity was exhibited by methanol extracts of seed and fruit wall (27.69 & 20) as measured by using DPPH assay. These results showed the antioxidant potential of this medicinal plant to make use in the preparation of drugs with free radical scavenging activity.
A B S T R A C T
The main objective of the present study is to formulate and evaluate a poly herbal ointment with antiseptic activity.
Ointments were formulated using methanolic extracts of Eclipta alba, Ocimum sanctum, Azadiracta indica and Achyranthes
aspera which were evaluated for its physicochemical property, antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Ointments were
prepared using different concentrations of the extracts such as 2%, 4%, 6% w/w by fusion method using emulsifying
ointment as base. Formulations were then tested for its physicochemical properties which gave satisfactory results. The
prepared formulations were also stable at 4ºC, 25ºC and 37ºC. Further, Polyherbal formulations were evaluated for its antibacterial
activity against Betadine (5%w/w) as the standard. All the formulations showed Predominant activity against
selected species. Formulations were also evaluated for anti-oxidant activity through reducing power assay, nitric oxide and
hydrogen peroxide scavenging method. The results showed that the scavenging activity of the formulations increased with
increase in concentration and this is due to the presence of flavanoids and tannins. The presence of both antibacterial and
antioxidant activity reveals that the prepared ointment can also be used for wound healing. Hence an attempt was made to
formulate a Polyherbal ointment, and to evaluate for its physical parameter, in-vitro anti-oxidant activity and to compare its
antibacterial activity with a marketed formulation (5% w/w Betadine).Overall result of this study reveals that this is an
effective Polyherbal antiseptic ointment.
Keywords: Eclipta alba, Ocimum sanctum, Azadiracta indica, Achyranthes aspera Formulations, Spread ability,
Extrudability
Tagetes Erecta Linn (Sunflower) Concise ReviewTECHNOXMART
A Fully Approved Concise Review Of Tagetes Erecta Linn Also Called Sunflower. This Review Is Done After Practicing & All Information Is 100% Genuine Of My Best Knowledge & Is In Fully Systematic Way.
Antibacterial Activity of Leaf Methanolic Extract of S. Caryophyllatum (L.) A...iosrjce
S.caryophyllatum (L.) Alston belongs to the family Myrtaceae is an endangered species. It possesses
traditional as well as pharmacological properties. The objective of the present investigation was to find out the
antibacterial activity of S. caryophyllatum leaf methanolic extract against some human pathogenic bacteria. It
was followed by Disc Diffusion method using gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains such as
Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Sarcina lutea, Esherichia coli,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella Spp., Salmonella typhi and Proteus mirabilis. The result showed that the
inhibitory effect on Bacillus subtilis (24mm) was high when compared to E. coli (21mm) and Bacillus cereus
(20mm).This effect on the bacterial strains may be due to the presence of secondary metabolites present in the
leaf methanolic extract of Syzygium caryophyllatum.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE ANTIFUNGAL EFFECT OF OILS AND THEIR UNSAPONIFIABLE F...EDITOR IJCRCPS
The main objective of the study was to assess the in vitro antifungal potency of the unsaponifiable fraction extracted
from coat and bark seeds oils of Citrullus colocynthis L against pathogenic fungal strains namely Aspergillus flavus,
Aspergillus ochraceus, Penicillium expansum and Fusarium oxysporum. In terms of the physico-chemical
characterization, oils under study showed evidence of quality standards relating to vegetable oils. Unsaponifiable
matter yield recorded was approximately 0.93% and 1.03%, for the seed coat oil and bark seed oil respectively.
Antifungal activity carried out by radial growth on solid medium (Potatoes Dextrose Agar acidified) revealed that the
oils and the corresponding unsaponifiable fractions exhibited complete inhibition of fungal growth. Maximal antifungal
index inhibition (IAF=100%) were recorded at 5% and 2.5% dilutions of each fraction tested. The results provided
evidence that the unsaponifiable oils fractions might indeed be potential sources of natural antifungal agents and
deserve further studies to characterize the biological compounds included in these fractions.
Keywords: Citrullus colocynthis seeds, seed coat, bark, oils, unsaponifiable fraction, antifungal activity.
Comparative Analysis of Phytochemical compounds in Normal and root gall of Ok...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Similar to Diverse distribution-study-of-c-14-through-out-the-major-crops-of-punjab-pakistan-using-biological-oxidizer-and-liquid-scintillation-counter
Reduction in Growth and Biological Pigments Present In Partheniumpaperpublications3
Abstract: Parthenium hysterophorus is a well-known weed with numerous harmful impacts. During the present work, aqueous leaf extract of Alstonia scholaris was found allelopathic to the seeds and seedlings of the target weed in laboratory conditions. The allelopathic leaf extract was also found effective against the biological pigments like Chlorophyll a and b followed by protein. Various biochemical tests were performed by which the presence of alcohols, aldehydes and ketones was confirmed in the aqueous allelopathic leaf extract.
Effect of potassium fertilization and organic nutrient (Reef Amirich) in the ...Innspub Net
A field study was conducted at the college of Agriculture, Baghdad University- Jadiriyah to investigate the effect of adding potassium fertilizer and organic nutrient (Reef Amirich) on the population density of two sucking pests of cucumber, cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci and onion thrips, Thrips tabaci during the spring season/2016. Results indicated that potassium sulphate (50, 100 and 150 kg/ha) and organic nutrient (0.8 and 1.6ml/l) reduced both the population density of B. tabaci and T. tabaci nymphs depending on the fertilizer level of the user, the treatment 150 kg/ha for the potassium fertilizer and 1.6 ml/L for organic nutrient was the highest among others when minimized density of nymphs by 1.62 nymphs of B. tabaci/disk leaf and 0.38 nymph of T. tabaci / disk leaf. suggesting a possible increase in cucumber resistance to this pest as a result of the treatments, and the result showed the infestation with B. tabaci was higher in the second half of May, the average number of nymph were 5.35 nymph/ disk leaf, while the highest number of T. tabaci was observed in the first half of May, the average number reached to 2.73 nymph/ disk leaf. The result showed the interaction treatment K150A1.6 was significant superior of percentage of K and increased of content in leaves of Fe, Cu and Zn.
International Journal of Advances in Biology (IJAB)ijcsity
International Journal of Advances in Biology (IJAB) is a peer-reviewed, open access journal, addresses the impacts and challenges of Biology. The journal documents practical and theoretical results which make a fundamental contribution for the development of Biological sciences and applications.
Burnt Weed Smoke Can Enhance Plant Growth A Proper Weed ManagementYogeshIJTSRD
Weeds are serious issue around the world causing crop yield reduction in agricultural fields. However, several studies proclaim the uses of weed plant species as plant growth enhancer because of their unique phytochemical composition present in smoke when pyrolysed. This idea has been inspired by the discovery of karrikins, a class of smoke elicitors that cues the seedling germination in several plant species. The present review is mainly aimed towards the application of weed derived smoke to regulate the plant growth in positive manner. Smoke water prepared from pyrolysed weed emerged out as more powerful in promoting the plant development of agriculturally and medicinally. The smoke technology can be one of the useful management strategies in future with cost effective and environmental friendly inputs. Shaiphali Saxena "Burnt Weed Smoke Can Enhance Plant Growth: A Proper Weed Management" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39954.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/botany/39954/burnt-weed-smoke-can-enhance-plant-growth-a-proper-weed-management/shaiphali-saxena
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SYNERGISTIC ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF PHYTOESTROGENS IN CRUDE EXTRACTS OF T...lukeman Joseph Ade shittu
Intensive studies on extracts and biologically active compounds isolated from medicinal plants have doubled in the last decade worldwide. However, as a result of paucity of knowledge and folkloric claim on the effectiveness of sesame leaves in infectious disease treatments, we aimed to determine the synergistic antimicrobial activity of essential oils and lignans present in the crude leaves extracts of Sesame radiatum and Sesame indicum. Ethanolic, methanolic and aqueous extracts of both leaves were studied for their in-vitro synergistic antimicrobial activity against both Gram positive and Gram negative micro-organisms, and Yeast using Agar diffusion method. The GC-MS phytochemical screening of methanolic extract showed that the major compounds in essential oils are of carboxylic acids and phenolic groups especially, the most potent antioxidants known to man like sesamol, sesamolin and sesamin among others. Methanolic and ethanolic extracts have broad spectrum antimicrobial effect against all the tested pathogenic micro-organisms except Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus respectively, while the aqueous extract exhibited inhibitory activity on Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Candida albicans. The result confirmed the folkloric claims of the antimicrobial effectiveness of locally consumed sesame leaves extracts especially against bacterial and common skin infection in many areas of Nigeria .
The Medicinal Plant of Mimusops Elengi (Sapodaceae) in Antimicrobial ActivitiesIJERA Editor
The selected study area for this study is Pachaimalai Hills, situated in Eastern ghats of Tamil Nadu. This study
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sapotaceae. It is a tropically distributed the highly medicinal plant. Antimicrobial activities and extracts of
petroleum ether, Ethyl acetate and methanol were also found to be better with respect to inhibitory function
against the two fungal species, Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus flavus. The study scientifically validates
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positive bacterial strains such as Bacillus substilis andBacillus thuriengensis and two gram negative bacterial
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In Vitro Assessment of Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Con...AI Publications
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Diverse distribution-study-of-c-14-through-out-the-major-crops-of-punjab-pakistan-using-biological-oxidizer-and-liquid-scintillation-counter
1. ISSN: 2348 9510
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Volume 1, Issue 3, June 2014
46
Diverse Distribution Study Of C-14 Through Out The Major Crops Of Punjab
(Pakistan) Using Biological Oxidizer And Liquid Scintillation Counter
MUHAMMAD ATTIQUE KHAN SHAHID1*
, IJAZ AHMAD KHAN1
, SAEED AHMAD1
,
MUHAMMAD RAFIQUE AASI2
, TAQMEEM HUSSAIN1
*1
Department of Physics, G.C. University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
2
PSO, Nuclear Institute of Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
*Corresponding author’s email: profkhan786@yahoo.com
*Corresponding Author’s Cell No. +92-0302-6062879
Abstract
In this study the assay of labeled pesticide treated plants (Wheat and Maize), the major
crops of Punjab was performed using biological oxidizers Soxhlet extraction operators and
scintillation counting assembly. The data received after the treatment the wheat and maize
plants with C14 the measured radioactivity showed that greater content was accumulated in
the wheat root (0.15μCi), medium in leaves (0.10μCi) and least in stem (0.07μCi). While in
case of Maize the order of accumulation was found to be greater in leaves (0.14μCi),
medium in root (0.12μCi) and least in stem portion (0.08μCi) respectively. Data also
revealed that Maize showed more absorption capability of pesticides as compared to Wheat
which is more probability due to large fat contents and high transpiration rate (Higher be
the nuclear area of cross section more be the probability of absorption). It is strongly
recommended that use of pesticide Maize should be minimized to overcome the hazardous
effects on humans, animals, plants and eco-system disturbance.
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Keywords:
Malathion, C14 labeled Wheat, Maize plants, Biological oxidizers, scintillation counter,
maize more absorptive than wheat, reduced pesticide spray, health hazards, protective
measures
Introduction
Radiation affects the growth rate and germination percentage of crop seeds and also genetic
variations can also be made through irradiation process. In recent years, ionizing radiation
has been used successfully to bring about genetic variations in different crop species and is
considered as valuable tool for the improvement of different crop plants. The effects of
radiation on various crop plants have been reported by different authors throughout the
scientific world. Present work is a humble attempt in this regard (Abidi and Nizami, 1995;
Abbas et al., 2006; Adriyano et al., 2006).
Malathion is an organophosphate parasympathomimetic, which binds irreversibly to
cholinesterase. Malathion is an insecticide of relatively low human toxicity. In the former
USSR it was known as carbophos, in New Zealand and Australia as maldison and in South
Africa as mercaptothion. However, Malathion breaks down into malaoxon, which is 60
times more toxic than Malathion. For this reason, if Malathion is used or somehow enters
an indoor environment, as it breaks down into malaoxon, it can seriously and chronically
poison the occupants living or working in this environment. Malathion present in untreated
water is converted to malaoxon during the chlorination phase of water treatment, so
Malathion should not be used in waters that may be used as a source for drinking water, or
any upstream waters. In 1976, numerous malaria workers in Pakistan were poisoned by
isomalathion, a common impurity in Malathion, which is capable of inhibiting
carboxyesterase enzymes in those exposed to it; the original toxicity evaluation for
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Malathion had not anticipated isomalathion co exposure (Halstead and Renni 2006;
Howard and Pelc 1953; Marshall and Wright 1998; Mumma and Hamilton 2003; Macias et
al, 2006; Nishikawa et al 1994; Ahmad, and Bhutta 2005).
Materials and Methods
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Maize (Zea mays L.) were taken as test plants in this study.
Seeds of Wheat and Maize were germinated in the clay pots by taking 500 g of soil in each pot.
Before the germination of seeds a pesticide labeled C14
(Malathion) of activity 0.4μCi was mixed in
the soil. Both the pots were placed in the laboratory. After 15 days plants were uprooted gently. The
healthy plants were weighed. The weight of the healthy plant of Maize was 500 mg and that of
Wheat plant was 3600mg. The parts (roots, stems and leaves) of the both plants were separated and
were dried in the oven at 50ºC for 24 hours and weighed. The weight of the Wheat roots, stem and
leaves was 530mg, 850mg and 960mg, respectively. Similarly the weight of Maize roots, stem and
leaves was 150mg, 130mg and 120mg, respectively. The weight of the each sample of soil was
taken as 500mg. The samples were put into cone and formed a pallet. Then these samples were
combusted in the Harry Biological oxidizer Model Ox-600 and C14
was trapped by the trap solution
(Ethanol amine+ Methanol). The trap solution was taken in the 20ml glass scintillation vial
(Packard, USA) and mixed with scintillation cocktail (Ahmad, 2005). Scintillation solution was
prepared by dissolving 4g of PPO (2, 5-diphenyloxazole) and 0.1g of POPOP [1, 4-bis- (5-
phenyloxazolyl)-benzene] Packard USA in 1 liter of Toluene (analytical grade) Merck Germany
(Laboratory training manual, IAEA, 1991). The vials were subjected to counting C14
activity using
a liquid scintillation counter (Nuclear Enterprises Model LSC1) shown in Figure 1 & 2 (Nilanjani
2006; Tarpely and Victor, 1997; Ahmad and Bhutta, 2005). The block diagram of the scintillation
counting assembly is shown in Fig 3.
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Fig. 1 Liquid scintillation counter
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Fig. 2 Liquid scintillation vials
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Photo multipliers Counting vial Photo multipliers
Coincidence
Pulse height analyzer
Scalar
Fig. 3. Block diagram of Liquid Scintillation Counter
Internal Standardization and instrument optimization
The counting is determined by counting the sample (Cs) and then adding a known amount
of activity (Di) and recounting (Cs+i). The added radioactive standard material must be
compatible with the sample Scintillator system and its absolute activity Di must be
accurately known. The counting efficiency є for the quenched sample is
ε = Cs+I / Di
The activity of quenched sample is thus
Ds = Cs / ε
Counting of the sample and recounting after addition of standard must be performed using
the same instrument for gain and window setting (Khan, 2003; Kazmi and Zada 2003).
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Results and Discussion
Radiation and radioactive substances are natural and permanent features of the
environment, and thus the risks associated with radiation exposure can only be restricted,
not eliminated entirely. Additionally the man made radiation is wide spread. Sources of
radiation are essential to modern health care. Disposal medical supplies sterilized by
intense radiation have been central to combating disease.
Radiology is a vital diagnostic tool and radiotherapy is commonly part of the treatment of
malignancies. The use of nuclear energy and application of its by-products i.e., radiation
and radioactive substances, continue to increase around the world. Nuclear techniques are
in growing use in industry, agricultural, medicine and many fields of research, benefiting
hundreds of millions of people and giving employment to millions of people in the related
occupations.
Irradiation is used around the world to preserve foodstuffs and reduce wastage, and
sterilization techniques have been used to eradicate disease carrying insects and pests.
Industrial radiography is in routine use, for example to examine welds and detect cracks
and help prevent the failure of engineered structures.
In this study, the assay of labeled pesticides treated plant was performed using Biological
Oxidizer, Soxhlet Extraction Apparatus and Liquid Scintillation Counting techniques. The
plants (wheat and maize) treated with malathion (0.4 Ci) were harvested after 15 days and
separated to different parts i.e. roots, stems and leaves. The soil of both pots was
combusted and extracted using methanol as solvent and then noted the radioactivity by
liquid scintillation counting. The data of maize plant (root, stem and leaves) and soil
before and after harvesting the plant are given in Table1 and 3.
14
C-labelledmalathion (0.4µCi) was applied to soil and maize and wheat seeds were grown
in the treated soil. The applied labeled pesticide was systemic in nature and believed that it
may distribute and translocate to all parts of plants with in short interval of time.
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Radioactivity in maize plant and Soil
Table 1 summarizes the total DPM and activity found in different parts of plant. A major
portion of the total activity was restricted in leaves of maize (34%) of the applied activity
but least was found in stem part (20%). Our results are in accordance with the earlier
reported investigations.
Root of maize plant was combusted using Biological Oxidizer and the 14
CO2 was trapped
in trapping solution and mixed with Scintillator. The activity was determined using
scintillation counter and found reasonable activity in this part of plant (29.75%). From the
data it is evident that the activity translocated to every part of plant with in 15 days. Our
results were agreed with (Harhash et al., 2007). They conducted the fate of labeled
fungicide in bean plants with high application rate (2mCi/g).
The soil of maize treated plant was assayed for radioactivity before and after the plant
harvest. From the data it is clear that some portion of the labeled pesticide remained in soil
after 15 days. It is evident that labeled compound showed strong interactions with soil
fractions like humus. For mass balance the soil was combusted and extracted in methanol.
After careful observations, it was found that substantial portion of the activity was retained
in soil (31.72%). The data are shown in Table 1 Our results are in agreement with (Zhang
et al., 1989). The data of graphical presentation and activity in maize parts and soil is
given in Table 2 and illustrated in graph 1 respectively.
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Table 1 Assay of radioactivity of maize by liquid scintillation counter
Sr
. #
Sample
of Maize
CPM Average
CPM
DPM 95%
Efficienc
y
Total DPM Activity
(µ Ci)
1 2 3
1. Root 37
5
38
6
36
2
374.333
3
456.851
3
529.6816 264840.799
9
0.11929
8
2. Stem 24
0
25
5
26
0
251.666
7
307.144 356.1083 178054.144
2
0.08020
5
3. Leaves 46
5
48
6
41
5
455.333
3
555.707 644.2966 322148.292
7
0.14511
2
4. Soil
before
plantatio
n
98
0
97
2
96
5
972.333
3
1186.67
4
1375.851 687925.746
6
0.30987
6
5. Soil after
plantatio
n
36
5
41
0
42
0
398.333
3
486.141
9
563.6416 281820.797
8
0.12694
6
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Table 2 Fate of C14
radioactivity in maize and soil
Table 3 Assay of radioactivity of wheat by liquid scintillation counter
Sr. # Sample
of
Wheat
CPM
Averag
e CPM
DPM 95%
Efficien
cy
Total
DPM
Activity
(µ Ci)
1 2 3
1. Root 485 490 488 487.666
7
595.167
8
690.048
2
345024.
1232
0.15541
6
2. Stem 245 235 260 246.666
7
301.041
8
349.033
3
174516.
6447
0.07861
1
Sr. #
Sample Name Activity (µ Ci)
1. Root 0.12
2. Stem 0.08
3. Leaves 0.14
4. Soil before plantation 0.31
5. Soil after plantation 0.12
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3. Leaves 336 320 328 328 400.304
3
464.119
9
232059.
9707
0.10453
2
4. Soil
before
plantati
on
976 968 982 975.333
3
1190.33
6
1380.09
6
690048.
2463
0.31083
3
5. Soil
after
plantati
on
450 415 425 430 524.789
1
608.449
9
304224.
9617
0.13703
8
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Table 4 Fate of C14
radioactivity in wheat and soil
The data of residue present in wheat plant (root, stem and leaves) and soil before and after
harvesting the plant is given in Table 3, 4.
Radioactivity in wheat plant and Soil
Table summarizes the total DPM and 14
C-activity found in different parts of plant. A major
portion of the total activity was restricted in leaves of wheat (26.13%) of the applied
activity but least was found in stem part (19.65%). Our results are in accordance with the
Sr.# Sample Name Activity
(µ Ci)
1. Root 0.15
2. Stem 0.07
3. Leaves 0.10
4. Soil before
plantation
0.31
5. Soil after
plantation
0.13
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earlier reported investigations (Ahad et al., 2000). Root of wheat plant was combusted
using Biological Oxidizer and the 14
CO2 was trapped in trapping solution and mixed with
scintillator. The activity was determined using scintillation counter and found reasonable
activity in this part of plant (38.85%). From the data it is evident that the activity was
translocated to every part of plant with in 15 days. The results of (Agarwal and Rao 1998;
Kiml et al 2004) also supported to our results. They concluded the fate of labeled fungicide
in brinjal plants with high application rate (2.5mCi/g).
The soil of wheat treated plant was assayed for radioactivity before and after plant
harvesting. From the data (Table 3 and 4) it is evident that some portion of the labeled
pesticide remained in soil after 15 days. It is true that labeled compound showed strong
interactions with soil fractions like humus. For mass balance, the soil was combusted and
extracted in methanol. After careful observations, it was found that substantial portion of
the activity was retained in soil (34.25%). The data are shown in Table 3. Our results are in
agreement with Zhang et al., 1989. The data of graphical presentation and activity in wheat
parts and soil is given in Table 4 and illustrated in Graph 2 respectively.
Conclusions
From the results it is evident that maize showed more absorption of labelled pesticide as
compared to wheat. It may be due to its greater fat content and high transpiration rate. The
labeled pesticide got conjugation with fatty acid molecule and persistent longer time that
why the residue of pesticide is higher as compared to wheat crop. From the result it is
recommended that use of pesticide on this crop may be minimized.
CO2 is essential for photosynthesis because plants prepare Carbohydrates through its
fixation. This study also shows that roots absorb the same amount of CO2 which is due to
the application of C14
as an indicator. Absence of CO2 in the stem indicates that the
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glucose in the roots splits into CO2 and H2O. Some of CO2 was absorbed by the roots and
the remaining was up taken by the leaves.
This absorption and distribution may create health hazards for human beings and animals
through the food chain, vegetables and fruits. For that purpose, survey was conducted and it
was found that for the time being, there is no danger for human beings but it has mild
symptoms in animals (Ahmad and Iram, 2005; Ahmad and Bhutta, 2005; Appleton, 1964;
Rabidean, G.S. and L.W. Mericle. 1980; Scheunert, 1990; Schreiber, L. and J. Schonberr.
1992; Cohen, Y. and U. Gisi. 1993; ).
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Abbas, Y., M. Ducousso, M. Abourouh, R. Azcon and R. Duponnois. 2006.
Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl). Annals of
Forest Science 63(3): 285-291.
Abidi, S.M.A. and W.A. Nizami. 1995. [3
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studies on Gigantocotyle explanatum and gastrothylax cruminefer (degenea
perpendicular to, paraphistomidae). International Journal for Parasitology 25(5):
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Adriano-Anaya, M.L., M. Salvador-Figueroa, J.A. Ocampo, I. Garcia-Romera.
2006. Hydrolytic enzyme activities in maize (Zea mays) and sorghum (Sorghum
bicolor) roots inoculated with Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus and Glomus
intraradices. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 38(5): 879-886.
Agarwal S, Rao AV. 1998. Tomato oxidation: a human dietary intervention study.
Lipids 33: 981–984.
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Ahad, K., T. Anwar, I. Ahmad, A. Mohammad, S. Tahir, S. Aziz, and U.K. Baloch.
2000. Determination of pesticide residues in ground water of Mardan Division,
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Halstead, E.H. and D.A. Rennie. 1984. The movement of injected P-32 through out the
wheat plant. Can. J. Bot 43: 1359-66.
Harhash, M.M. and R.S. Al-Obeed. 2007. Effect of naphthalene acetic acid on yield
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and irradiated cells and its relation to chromosome breakage. Heredity 6: 261-73.
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Kazmi, M.R. and R. Zada. 2003. Facilitating Scientific Methods (How to work with
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tomato-powder feeding on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicty in rats.
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Marshall, A.T. and A. Wright. 1998. Coral calcification autoradiography of a
scleractinian coral Galaxea Fasciculiris after incubation in Ca-45 and C-14. Coral
Reefs 17(1): 37-47.
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the use of plant tissue cultures. J. Chemo sphere 12(5): 943-953.
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Nishikawa, N., S. Toyama, A. Shida and F. Futatesuya. 1994. The uptake and the
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0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
µCi
Activity
Roo
Activity in
Stem
Activity in
Leave
Activity in
Soil BP
Activity in
Soil AP
Fate of Radioactivity in Maize and Soil
Schreiber, L. and J. Schonberr. 1992. Analysis of foliar uptake of pesticides in
barley leaves: role of epicuticular waxes and compartmentation. Pesticide Science
36(3): 213-21.
Tarpely, L. and D.M. Victor. 1997. Differential autoradiography and Spin column
purification of sugars on activated charcoal. J. Crop. Science 37(6): 1807-11.
Zhang, W. R., Chen, S. S., and Besdek, J. C. (1989) Pool 2: a generic system for
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Graph. 1 Fate of Radioactivity in Maize and Soil
18. ISSN: 2348 9510
International Journal Of Core Engineering & Management(IJCEM)
Volume 1, Issue 3, June 2014
63
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
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0.25
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0.35
µCi
Activity in
Root
Activity in
Stem
Activity in
Leaves
Activity in
Soil BP
Activity in
Soil AP
Fate of Radioactivity in Wheat and Soil
Graph. 2 Fate of Radioactivity in Wheat and Soil
AUTHOR,S PROFILE:
Dr Khan has received his M.Phil Degree in Solid State Physics from CSSP (PU) Lahore
Pakistan with research project entitled “Radioactive Pollution and its Health Hazards, a
Study by SSNTDs and XRD analysis” and Master Degree in Physics with specialization in
“Advance Electronics” from G.T.I.College (new Campus) Rabwah, PAKISTAN affiliated with
PU, Lahore. Recently has completed his PhD Degree with project in Solid State Physics
entitled “A Comprehensive Investigation of Solid Aerosols Using XRD and ASS Techniques”
He has completed other relevant Post graduate training courses as participant, presenter
and as a faculty member in his areas of specialization from PINUM, NIAB, PNRA, NIFA, EPD
etc the well reputed institutions of Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission and Environmental
Protection Department along with his Professional in service training. Recently He is
working as Associate Professor of Physics in the Department of Physics GCU (UDC/CC)
19. ISSN: 2348 9510
International Journal Of Core Engineering & Management(IJCEM)
Volume 1, Issue 3, June 2014
64
Faisalabad. As for as his research Experience is concerned it is multidimensional, He has
more than 30 years of academic and research experience at graduation and post graduation
level, his areas of interest are Solid state Physics, Surface Physics, Aerosol Physics, Thin
Film Technology, Crystal Growth, Cloud Nucleation Theory, Nano Physics Atomic and
Nuclear Physics, Health and Medical Physics, Radiation Physics, Radiography and Medical
Imaging Geo Physics, Soil Physics, Climatology and Meteorology, X-ray Crystallography etc.
More than 95 Research Projects have been completed under his supervision with breakup
as Atomic and Environmental research Project Physics (33), Health and Medical Physics
(12), Radiation Physics and Dosimetery (33), Solid State Physics “ Electronics and Electrical
Instrumentation (09), Soil and Geo Physics (05), Laser and Plasma Physics (03) respectively
and have 95 research publications along with 20 manuscripts in progress and expected to
be published very soon in well reputed journals in his credit, He is Ex. Pakistan Nuclear
Regularity Authority (PNRA) certified Health Physicist RPO, RSO (PAEC) as attachment with
atomic and Nuclear Physics research lab. Editor ,executive editor ,associate editor Active
member of advisory boards, Editorial Committee and reviewer/ referee in above said areas
of interest for more than 15 national international journals Dr Khan has also honored to be
a member of world class societies, institutes, webs, organizations and important links
related to his areas of specialization like Prof. Abdul Salam Physics Society, Pakistan
Institute of Physics (PIP), Physics web (the community websites of Institute of Physics),
Nanotech web org. (the community websites of Institute of Physics), Medical Physics web
(the community websites of Institute of Physics), Optics org. (The community websites of
Institute of Physics), PASTIC. (Pakistan Science Foundation), the Aerosol Society” the
science of airborne particles, USA. American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT).
American Physics Society (APS), Particle and High energy physics, global research and
consulting network, Radiation protection and Dosimetry (RPD), Saudi medical physics
society (SMPS), African Physical society (AFPS), American Association of Physicist in
medicine (AAPM),