Academic Writing in English - Discussing your ResultsRon Martinez
In this module we present the main "ingredients" commonly found in research article discussion sections, and their connection to other sections in an article.
Academic Writing in English - Discussing your ResultsRon Martinez
In this module we present the main "ingredients" commonly found in research article discussion sections, and their connection to other sections in an article.
Introduction to Academic Writing and Publishing in English (2018)Ron Martinez
An overview of global trends that concern international academic publishing and writing as a whole, in addition to a discussion regarding how these trends affect Brazilian academics more specifically.
Journal editors and peer reviewers represent the ultimate gatekeepers in the publication of high-quality scholarly works. Yet, for authors with English as a second language who are trying to get their research published in SCI-indexed, high-impact, English-language journals, there are many hurdles related to the basic structure of the manuscript that confront them. Journal editors are becoming burdened with an ever-increasing number of manuscript submissions from non-English speaking authors, worldwide. Reviewers do not wish to be burdened with papers that are poorly crafted. A good author’s editor, while working on behalf of the author, really manages the best interests of all stakeholders in balance (author, editor, peer reviewer). This presentation will explore these dynamics and highlight the value of various forms of editorial review prior to manuscript submission.
Editores de periódicos e revisores por pares representam os guardiões supremos na publicação de trabalhos científicos de alta qualidade. No entanto, para autores com o inglês como segunda língua, que estão tentando publicar nos periódicos indexados no Science Citation Index (SCI), de grande impacto, em língua inglesa, enfrentam muitas dificuldades relativas à estrutura básica do manuscrito. Os editores de periódicos estão ficando sobrecarregados com uma quantidade cada vez maior de submissões de manuscritos de autores não falantes de inglês, no mundo todo. Os revisores não gostam de ser encarregados de artigos mal-elaborados. Um bom editor, enquanto trabalha em benefício do autor, na verdade, conduz no melhor interesse de todos os envolvidos (autor, editor, revisor por pares). Esta apresentação explorará essas dinâmicas e realçará o valor de várias formas de revisão editorial anteriores à submissão do manuscrito.
Los editores de revistas y revisores representan los guardianes últimos en la publicación de trabajos académicos de alta calidad. Sin embargo, para los autores en que el inglés es su segunda lengua, que están tratando de conseguir que su investigación sea publicada en revistas indexadas en SCI, de alto impacto, en inglés, hay muchos obstáculos que enfrentan relacionados con la estructura básica del manuscrito. Los editores de revistas están siendo sobrecargados con un número cada vez mayor de comunicaciones manuscritas de autores de habla no inglesa, en todo el mundo. Los revisores no quieren hacerse cargo de trabajos que están mal diseñados. Un buen editor de autor, al mismo tiempo que trabaja en beneficio del autor, realmente gestiona los mejores intereses de todas las partes interesadas en equilibrio (autor, editor, revisor). Esta presentación explorará esta dinámica y pondrá de relieve el valor de distintas formas de revisión editorial antes de la presentación de manuscritos.
'Understanding and benefiting from the publishing process'
Publishing Connect workshop Lancaster delivered by Anthony Newman, Senior Publisher, Elsevier.
Types of scientific publications
The different types of research papers published
Considerations before writing
Choosing the right journal
Writing using correct language
The structure of the manuscript
The submission and review procedure
Author responsibilities: publishing ethics and plagiarism
How to use information resources as a tool for authors (Scopus)
Slides shared with the permission of the speaker.
I present an insider’s view on peer review drawing from my experience at the journals of the American Physical Society (Physical Review B, Physical Review Letters, and Physical Review X) where I have worked since 2003. First, I discuss the basic elements of peer review (editorial screening, rejection without external review, referee selection, consultation with Editorial Board Members, assessment of referee reports, handling of conflicting referee recommendations, selection of a subset of accepted papers for highlighting). In the process, I present some commonly used arguments by authors that can actually backfire, and some anecdotal excerpts of correspondence. Second, I discuss some recent trends in science publishing, from launching new journals to providing new services to authors. I focus on one recent trend, the highlighting of select sets of papers by publishers. Third, I discuss citation impact metrics for journals (Impact Factor, EigenFactor, h5 index) and for subsets of journals (e.g., Editors’ Suggestions, papers highlighted in APS Physics, etc.). This leads naturally to the questions (a) whether editors and referees can pick out, at the time of acceptance, the papers destined to be highly cited or otherwise influential; and (b) whether such papers tend to be controversial at the time of publication and after. I present some data on these questions. Overall, my aim is for the audience to appreciate the imperfect and imprecise nature of editorial decision-making that is sometimes unappreciated by a community trained in the hard sciences. Finally, for the benefit of the younger audience, I present a brief outline of the editorial job and career prospects of editors.
PSY 550: Annotated Bibliography Assignment
Overview
Annotated bibliographies provide you with the opportunity to cite, summarize, and compare and contrast resources you will use in a paper. You will cite each
resource in APA style, write an approximately 150-word description that summarizes the central theme and scope of the resource, and compare and contrast it
with other resources. For more information on annotated bibliographies, consult the SNHU Writing Center’s annotated bibliography guide.
Depending on the assignment, the annotated bibliography may serve a number of purposes, including but not limited to reviewing the literature on a particular
subject; illustrating the quality of research you have done; providing examples of the types of resources available; describing other items on a topic that may be
of interest to the reader; and/or exploring the subject for further research. The articles should provide sufficient information for you to compare and contrast
the two theories. (Source: http://lib.skidmore.edu/library/index.php/writing-an-annotated-bibliography)
Choose those works that provide a variety of perspectives on your topic. You will need to include at least seven scholarly resources total, including peer-
reviewed journal articles or well-respected texts.
As noted below, students should pay attention to the following points in their annotation:
Summarize the central theme and scope of the resource
Include a paragraph that covers the following:
o Evaluates the authority or background of the author
o Comments on the intended audience
o Compares or contrasts this work with another you have cited OR explains how this work illuminates your bibliography topic
Cite the resource using APA style (see below for example)
The annotated bibliography is due in Module Seven. You should include at least seven quality resources directly related to your topic.
https://my.snhu.edu/CookieAuth.dll?GetLogon?curl=Z2FOfficesZ2FCOCEZ2FWritingCenterZ2FDocumentsZ2FAPAAnnotatedBibliography.pdf&reason=0&formdir=5
http://lib.skidmore.edu/library/index.php/writing-an-annotated-bibliography
Sample Annotated Bibliography of a Journal Article
The following example is what your final product for each resource should look like. This example (for the psychological research article A Bad Taste in the
Mouth: Gustatory Disgust Influences Moral Judgment) employs APA style for the journal citation. The writer of this annotation follows the above points to create
an annotation that summarizes the article’s main points and draws connections between that resource and other resources:
Eskine, K. J., Kacinik, N. A., & Prinz, J. J. (2011). A bad taste in the mouth: Gustatory disgust influences moral judgment. Psychological Science, 22(3), 295–299.
Annotation: In this article, Eskine and colleagues describe the results of an experiment that examined whether the taste in a person’s mouth influences the
moral judgmen ...
WRITING AN ACTION RESEARCH DISSERTATION PART TWOINTRODU.docxambersalomon88660
WRITING AN ACTION RESEARCH DISSERTATION: PART
TWO
INTRODUCTION
Welcome to the second part of our two-part media presentation. In the first part, we talked about key tools for
successful academic writing and gave an example of how these tools can make your dissertation writing
process faster and help you create a stronger dissertation document. This second part of our two-part media
presentation applies those key tools to the specific challenges of writing an action research dissertation.
PROCESS OF WRITING
The process of writing the research dissertation involves finding ways to help your readers understand both the
philosophy of research underlying the study and the methods employed in the study.
ACTION RESEARCH ROLES
It will be important to help your readers to understand the roles of the Principal Investigator and the participants
in your Action Research study. Rather than the "all-knowing" researcher who controls conditions and conducts
an experiment on or to someone or something else, Action Research assumes that the participants themselves
have insight and an important perspective and role.
ACTION RESEARCH METHODS
As a writer, you will want to help your reader understand that this idea of democratizing the research process
applies regardless of the research methodology used. Action Research involves methods that would be
familiar in both qualitative and quantitative types of research, and it would be very common to find mixed
methods in a particular study. Regardless of the methodology used, the participants can and will play an active
role at each step of the research process.
Help your readers to understand that the participants are active in the research process of planning, deciding,
and helping to shape the implementation of the study protocol and analysis of the findings. Also, help your
readers to understand that findings are interpreted or understood in part based on "meaningfulness" to the
participants engaged in the work.
An example might be a study on abusive behavior in hospitals among nursing and other staff. Members of the
study team could help refine the survey instruments, later take the survey themselves as part of the participant
pool, and help to interpret the findings.
IMPLICATIONS FOR WRITING...
In the next few minutes, we will discuss four elements of writing the action research dissertation. You will want
your dissertation to clearly explain the following:
1. How the research questions that you asked led you to decide to use action research.
2. How the research questions that you asked informed they way in which you organized and presented
your discussion of prior research.
3. How you balanced the two goals of being of service and avoiding risk to participants within the action
research paradigm.
4. The reporting of outcomes and analysis of outcomes.
ACTION RESEARCH DISSERTATIONS
Action Research dissertations are, by their nature, research studies in which the roles of the Princi.
Phi 445 Effective Communication / snaptutorial.comBaileyaz
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
This Tutorial contains 3 Paper of Week 3 Assignment, Week 5 Assignment, 3 Set of Week 1,2 Quiz, 2 Response to each DQ
PHI 445 Week 1 Quiz (3 Sets)
PHI 445 Week 1 Discussion Utilitarianism, Deontology, and Virtue Ethics Case Study: Starbucks
PHI 445 Week 2 Discussion Capitalism and Socialism Case Study: Uber
Track and Topic Sociocultural Influences social and cultural co.docxturveycharlyn
Track and Topic Sociocultural Influences: social and cultural contributions to the development of psychological disorders
Article #1
1. What is the title of the article? Provide a reference for the article in APA format.
Mueller, D. R., Schmidt, S. J., & Roder, V. (2013). Integrated psychological therapy: effectiveness in schizophrenia inpatient settings related to patients' age. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(3), 231-241.
2. What is the purpose of the article?
The article investigated whether the Integrated Philological therapy is more effective in younger patients of ages 40 and above. The authors then compared the effectiveness of IPT of young patients with that of average years of 40 and above. The study also investigated whether treatment as usual or unspecified group activities produce different outcomes.
3. What is the hypothesis of the study? In other words, what claims do the authors make in the article? What are the outcomes of the study, that is, the conclusions that the authors made as a result of the study?
There are no differences in the effectiveness of Integrated Psychological therapy between a group of younger patients (age 40 and below) and that of the average years (ages 40 and above). The study also hypothesized that there no differences in the treatment outcome of the group of younger patients (age 40). The study also assessed there were differences in the treatment outcome of the group of older patients (age 40 and above) treated using specified and unspecified treatment.
4. What variables (factors) are being looking at as an influence on abnormal behavior?
The study investigated the influences of age (variable) and the use of Integrated Psychological Treatment on the treatment of schizophrenia. Another variable was the treatment options (Unspecified and Specified treatment). Other variables include the global cognitive scores, social cognition, psychopathology and social functioning.
5. If these variables or the relationship between these variables have been studied before, what have other studies found? This shows historical significance.
Past studies have shown the effect of age on Schizophrenia. Older people suffering from Schizophrenia often suffer from cognitive impairment compared to younger patients. There are fewer therapy approaches to middle and averagely mentally ill patients.
6. Describe the research design (e.g., descriptive, correlateional, experimental) that was used in the study.
Standard meta-analytical procedures. The study compared category of two age groups. Had a total of 15 IPT controlled studies with 632 schizophrenic patients.
7. Do you think the research in this article was conducted in an ethical manner? Why or why not?
Yes. The study obtained ethical approval from the relevant authorities. The study also recruited participants after getting an informed consent from each study participants.
PSY 215 Final Project Milestone One Guidelines and Rubric ...
36042 Topic SCI 207 Our Dependence upon the EnvironmentNumber.docxrhetttrevannion
36042 Topic: SCI 207 Our Dependence upon the Environment
Number of Pages: 2 (Double Spaced)
Number of sources: 2
Writing Style: APA
Type of document: Essay
Academic Level:Undergraduate
Category: Environmental Issues
VIP Support: N/A
Language Style: English (U.S.)
Order Instructions:
Week 2 - Assignment 2
Peer Review of Week 1 Assignment
[WLO: 3] [CLOs: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
Your reviews of the work of three of your peers are all due on Day 7. Your grade will reflect both the quality and thoroughness of your three completed Peer Review Forms. In this class activity, you will be examining the work of your peers and offering helpful suggestions for how their work might be improved in quality and clarity.
The Process:
Prior to beginning work on this discussion, download the Peer Review FormPreview the document.
Read it over carefully, including the tips on page 1.
Upload and submit your Sustainable Living Guide Contributions, Part 1 of 4: Sustaining Biodiversity and Ecosystems assignment to the Peer Review Assignment Submission page in Canvas by Day 2. You utilized the Week 1 Assignment TemplatePreview the document to complete this assignment in Week 1.
After Day 2 passes, go back to the Peer Review Assignment Submission page to access the files of the three classmates that you will be reviewing.
Use the Peer Review Form to give quality feedback to each of the three peers assigned to you using separate forms for each review.
When you have completed your three peer reviews, upload each of the completed forms as individual attachments in the comments area of the Peer Review Assignment Submission page so that your peers can receive your feedback.
Upload all three of your Peer Review Forms to Waypoint for evaluation by the instructor.
Carefully review the Grading Rubric (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.
Week 1 Assignment Template
Sustainable Living Guide Contributions, Part One of Four:
Sustaining Biodiversity and Ecosystems
Instructions: Using the term that you have selected from the list provided in the classroom, please complete the following template. Create a minimum of 5 to 7 well-crafted sentences per paragraph. In your response, you are expected to cite and reference, in APA format, at least two outside sources in addition to the class text. The sources must be credible (from experts in the field of study); scholarly sources (published in peer-reviewed academic journals) are strongly encouraged. Delete these instructions before submitting your work to Waypoint.
Your Term:
Instructions: In the first paragraph;
•
Thoroughly define your term.
•
Describe how the term relates to this week’s theme. Provide specific examples.
Delete these instructions before submitting your work to Waypoint.
[Enter your information here]
Instructions: In the second paragraph;
•
Discuss how the term affects living things and the physical world..
This Tutorial contains 3 Paper of Week 3 Assignment, Week 5 Assignment, 3 Set of Week 1,2 Quiz, 2 Response to each DQ
PHI 445 Week 1 Quiz (3 Sets)
PHI 445 Week 1 Discussion Utilitarianism, Deontology, and Virtue Ethics Case Study: Starbucks
PHI 445 Week 2 Discussion Capitalism and Socialism Case Study: Uber
Introduction to Academic Writing and Publishing in English (2018)Ron Martinez
An overview of global trends that concern international academic publishing and writing as a whole, in addition to a discussion regarding how these trends affect Brazilian academics more specifically.
Journal editors and peer reviewers represent the ultimate gatekeepers in the publication of high-quality scholarly works. Yet, for authors with English as a second language who are trying to get their research published in SCI-indexed, high-impact, English-language journals, there are many hurdles related to the basic structure of the manuscript that confront them. Journal editors are becoming burdened with an ever-increasing number of manuscript submissions from non-English speaking authors, worldwide. Reviewers do not wish to be burdened with papers that are poorly crafted. A good author’s editor, while working on behalf of the author, really manages the best interests of all stakeholders in balance (author, editor, peer reviewer). This presentation will explore these dynamics and highlight the value of various forms of editorial review prior to manuscript submission.
Editores de periódicos e revisores por pares representam os guardiões supremos na publicação de trabalhos científicos de alta qualidade. No entanto, para autores com o inglês como segunda língua, que estão tentando publicar nos periódicos indexados no Science Citation Index (SCI), de grande impacto, em língua inglesa, enfrentam muitas dificuldades relativas à estrutura básica do manuscrito. Os editores de periódicos estão ficando sobrecarregados com uma quantidade cada vez maior de submissões de manuscritos de autores não falantes de inglês, no mundo todo. Os revisores não gostam de ser encarregados de artigos mal-elaborados. Um bom editor, enquanto trabalha em benefício do autor, na verdade, conduz no melhor interesse de todos os envolvidos (autor, editor, revisor por pares). Esta apresentação explorará essas dinâmicas e realçará o valor de várias formas de revisão editorial anteriores à submissão do manuscrito.
Los editores de revistas y revisores representan los guardianes últimos en la publicación de trabajos académicos de alta calidad. Sin embargo, para los autores en que el inglés es su segunda lengua, que están tratando de conseguir que su investigación sea publicada en revistas indexadas en SCI, de alto impacto, en inglés, hay muchos obstáculos que enfrentan relacionados con la estructura básica del manuscrito. Los editores de revistas están siendo sobrecargados con un número cada vez mayor de comunicaciones manuscritas de autores de habla no inglesa, en todo el mundo. Los revisores no quieren hacerse cargo de trabajos que están mal diseñados. Un buen editor de autor, al mismo tiempo que trabaja en beneficio del autor, realmente gestiona los mejores intereses de todas las partes interesadas en equilibrio (autor, editor, revisor). Esta presentación explorará esta dinámica y pondrá de relieve el valor de distintas formas de revisión editorial antes de la presentación de manuscritos.
'Understanding and benefiting from the publishing process'
Publishing Connect workshop Lancaster delivered by Anthony Newman, Senior Publisher, Elsevier.
Types of scientific publications
The different types of research papers published
Considerations before writing
Choosing the right journal
Writing using correct language
The structure of the manuscript
The submission and review procedure
Author responsibilities: publishing ethics and plagiarism
How to use information resources as a tool for authors (Scopus)
Slides shared with the permission of the speaker.
I present an insider’s view on peer review drawing from my experience at the journals of the American Physical Society (Physical Review B, Physical Review Letters, and Physical Review X) where I have worked since 2003. First, I discuss the basic elements of peer review (editorial screening, rejection without external review, referee selection, consultation with Editorial Board Members, assessment of referee reports, handling of conflicting referee recommendations, selection of a subset of accepted papers for highlighting). In the process, I present some commonly used arguments by authors that can actually backfire, and some anecdotal excerpts of correspondence. Second, I discuss some recent trends in science publishing, from launching new journals to providing new services to authors. I focus on one recent trend, the highlighting of select sets of papers by publishers. Third, I discuss citation impact metrics for journals (Impact Factor, EigenFactor, h5 index) and for subsets of journals (e.g., Editors’ Suggestions, papers highlighted in APS Physics, etc.). This leads naturally to the questions (a) whether editors and referees can pick out, at the time of acceptance, the papers destined to be highly cited or otherwise influential; and (b) whether such papers tend to be controversial at the time of publication and after. I present some data on these questions. Overall, my aim is for the audience to appreciate the imperfect and imprecise nature of editorial decision-making that is sometimes unappreciated by a community trained in the hard sciences. Finally, for the benefit of the younger audience, I present a brief outline of the editorial job and career prospects of editors.
PSY 550: Annotated Bibliography Assignment
Overview
Annotated bibliographies provide you with the opportunity to cite, summarize, and compare and contrast resources you will use in a paper. You will cite each
resource in APA style, write an approximately 150-word description that summarizes the central theme and scope of the resource, and compare and contrast it
with other resources. For more information on annotated bibliographies, consult the SNHU Writing Center’s annotated bibliography guide.
Depending on the assignment, the annotated bibliography may serve a number of purposes, including but not limited to reviewing the literature on a particular
subject; illustrating the quality of research you have done; providing examples of the types of resources available; describing other items on a topic that may be
of interest to the reader; and/or exploring the subject for further research. The articles should provide sufficient information for you to compare and contrast
the two theories. (Source: http://lib.skidmore.edu/library/index.php/writing-an-annotated-bibliography)
Choose those works that provide a variety of perspectives on your topic. You will need to include at least seven scholarly resources total, including peer-
reviewed journal articles or well-respected texts.
As noted below, students should pay attention to the following points in their annotation:
Summarize the central theme and scope of the resource
Include a paragraph that covers the following:
o Evaluates the authority or background of the author
o Comments on the intended audience
o Compares or contrasts this work with another you have cited OR explains how this work illuminates your bibliography topic
Cite the resource using APA style (see below for example)
The annotated bibliography is due in Module Seven. You should include at least seven quality resources directly related to your topic.
https://my.snhu.edu/CookieAuth.dll?GetLogon?curl=Z2FOfficesZ2FCOCEZ2FWritingCenterZ2FDocumentsZ2FAPAAnnotatedBibliography.pdf&reason=0&formdir=5
http://lib.skidmore.edu/library/index.php/writing-an-annotated-bibliography
Sample Annotated Bibliography of a Journal Article
The following example is what your final product for each resource should look like. This example (for the psychological research article A Bad Taste in the
Mouth: Gustatory Disgust Influences Moral Judgment) employs APA style for the journal citation. The writer of this annotation follows the above points to create
an annotation that summarizes the article’s main points and draws connections between that resource and other resources:
Eskine, K. J., Kacinik, N. A., & Prinz, J. J. (2011). A bad taste in the mouth: Gustatory disgust influences moral judgment. Psychological Science, 22(3), 295–299.
Annotation: In this article, Eskine and colleagues describe the results of an experiment that examined whether the taste in a person’s mouth influences the
moral judgmen ...
WRITING AN ACTION RESEARCH DISSERTATION PART TWOINTRODU.docxambersalomon88660
WRITING AN ACTION RESEARCH DISSERTATION: PART
TWO
INTRODUCTION
Welcome to the second part of our two-part media presentation. In the first part, we talked about key tools for
successful academic writing and gave an example of how these tools can make your dissertation writing
process faster and help you create a stronger dissertation document. This second part of our two-part media
presentation applies those key tools to the specific challenges of writing an action research dissertation.
PROCESS OF WRITING
The process of writing the research dissertation involves finding ways to help your readers understand both the
philosophy of research underlying the study and the methods employed in the study.
ACTION RESEARCH ROLES
It will be important to help your readers to understand the roles of the Principal Investigator and the participants
in your Action Research study. Rather than the "all-knowing" researcher who controls conditions and conducts
an experiment on or to someone or something else, Action Research assumes that the participants themselves
have insight and an important perspective and role.
ACTION RESEARCH METHODS
As a writer, you will want to help your reader understand that this idea of democratizing the research process
applies regardless of the research methodology used. Action Research involves methods that would be
familiar in both qualitative and quantitative types of research, and it would be very common to find mixed
methods in a particular study. Regardless of the methodology used, the participants can and will play an active
role at each step of the research process.
Help your readers to understand that the participants are active in the research process of planning, deciding,
and helping to shape the implementation of the study protocol and analysis of the findings. Also, help your
readers to understand that findings are interpreted or understood in part based on "meaningfulness" to the
participants engaged in the work.
An example might be a study on abusive behavior in hospitals among nursing and other staff. Members of the
study team could help refine the survey instruments, later take the survey themselves as part of the participant
pool, and help to interpret the findings.
IMPLICATIONS FOR WRITING...
In the next few minutes, we will discuss four elements of writing the action research dissertation. You will want
your dissertation to clearly explain the following:
1. How the research questions that you asked led you to decide to use action research.
2. How the research questions that you asked informed they way in which you organized and presented
your discussion of prior research.
3. How you balanced the two goals of being of service and avoiding risk to participants within the action
research paradigm.
4. The reporting of outcomes and analysis of outcomes.
ACTION RESEARCH DISSERTATIONS
Action Research dissertations are, by their nature, research studies in which the roles of the Princi.
Phi 445 Effective Communication / snaptutorial.comBaileyaz
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
This Tutorial contains 3 Paper of Week 3 Assignment, Week 5 Assignment, 3 Set of Week 1,2 Quiz, 2 Response to each DQ
PHI 445 Week 1 Quiz (3 Sets)
PHI 445 Week 1 Discussion Utilitarianism, Deontology, and Virtue Ethics Case Study: Starbucks
PHI 445 Week 2 Discussion Capitalism and Socialism Case Study: Uber
Track and Topic Sociocultural Influences social and cultural co.docxturveycharlyn
Track and Topic Sociocultural Influences: social and cultural contributions to the development of psychological disorders
Article #1
1. What is the title of the article? Provide a reference for the article in APA format.
Mueller, D. R., Schmidt, S. J., & Roder, V. (2013). Integrated psychological therapy: effectiveness in schizophrenia inpatient settings related to patients' age. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(3), 231-241.
2. What is the purpose of the article?
The article investigated whether the Integrated Philological therapy is more effective in younger patients of ages 40 and above. The authors then compared the effectiveness of IPT of young patients with that of average years of 40 and above. The study also investigated whether treatment as usual or unspecified group activities produce different outcomes.
3. What is the hypothesis of the study? In other words, what claims do the authors make in the article? What are the outcomes of the study, that is, the conclusions that the authors made as a result of the study?
There are no differences in the effectiveness of Integrated Psychological therapy between a group of younger patients (age 40 and below) and that of the average years (ages 40 and above). The study also hypothesized that there no differences in the treatment outcome of the group of younger patients (age 40). The study also assessed there were differences in the treatment outcome of the group of older patients (age 40 and above) treated using specified and unspecified treatment.
4. What variables (factors) are being looking at as an influence on abnormal behavior?
The study investigated the influences of age (variable) and the use of Integrated Psychological Treatment on the treatment of schizophrenia. Another variable was the treatment options (Unspecified and Specified treatment). Other variables include the global cognitive scores, social cognition, psychopathology and social functioning.
5. If these variables or the relationship between these variables have been studied before, what have other studies found? This shows historical significance.
Past studies have shown the effect of age on Schizophrenia. Older people suffering from Schizophrenia often suffer from cognitive impairment compared to younger patients. There are fewer therapy approaches to middle and averagely mentally ill patients.
6. Describe the research design (e.g., descriptive, correlateional, experimental) that was used in the study.
Standard meta-analytical procedures. The study compared category of two age groups. Had a total of 15 IPT controlled studies with 632 schizophrenic patients.
7. Do you think the research in this article was conducted in an ethical manner? Why or why not?
Yes. The study obtained ethical approval from the relevant authorities. The study also recruited participants after getting an informed consent from each study participants.
PSY 215 Final Project Milestone One Guidelines and Rubric ...
36042 Topic SCI 207 Our Dependence upon the EnvironmentNumber.docxrhetttrevannion
36042 Topic: SCI 207 Our Dependence upon the Environment
Number of Pages: 2 (Double Spaced)
Number of sources: 2
Writing Style: APA
Type of document: Essay
Academic Level:Undergraduate
Category: Environmental Issues
VIP Support: N/A
Language Style: English (U.S.)
Order Instructions:
Week 2 - Assignment 2
Peer Review of Week 1 Assignment
[WLO: 3] [CLOs: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
Your reviews of the work of three of your peers are all due on Day 7. Your grade will reflect both the quality and thoroughness of your three completed Peer Review Forms. In this class activity, you will be examining the work of your peers and offering helpful suggestions for how their work might be improved in quality and clarity.
The Process:
Prior to beginning work on this discussion, download the Peer Review FormPreview the document.
Read it over carefully, including the tips on page 1.
Upload and submit your Sustainable Living Guide Contributions, Part 1 of 4: Sustaining Biodiversity and Ecosystems assignment to the Peer Review Assignment Submission page in Canvas by Day 2. You utilized the Week 1 Assignment TemplatePreview the document to complete this assignment in Week 1.
After Day 2 passes, go back to the Peer Review Assignment Submission page to access the files of the three classmates that you will be reviewing.
Use the Peer Review Form to give quality feedback to each of the three peers assigned to you using separate forms for each review.
When you have completed your three peer reviews, upload each of the completed forms as individual attachments in the comments area of the Peer Review Assignment Submission page so that your peers can receive your feedback.
Upload all three of your Peer Review Forms to Waypoint for evaluation by the instructor.
Carefully review the Grading Rubric (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.
Week 1 Assignment Template
Sustainable Living Guide Contributions, Part One of Four:
Sustaining Biodiversity and Ecosystems
Instructions: Using the term that you have selected from the list provided in the classroom, please complete the following template. Create a minimum of 5 to 7 well-crafted sentences per paragraph. In your response, you are expected to cite and reference, in APA format, at least two outside sources in addition to the class text. The sources must be credible (from experts in the field of study); scholarly sources (published in peer-reviewed academic journals) are strongly encouraged. Delete these instructions before submitting your work to Waypoint.
Your Term:
Instructions: In the first paragraph;
•
Thoroughly define your term.
•
Describe how the term relates to this week’s theme. Provide specific examples.
Delete these instructions before submitting your work to Waypoint.
[Enter your information here]
Instructions: In the second paragraph;
•
Discuss how the term affects living things and the physical world..
This Tutorial contains 3 Paper of Week 3 Assignment, Week 5 Assignment, 3 Set of Week 1,2 Quiz, 2 Response to each DQ
PHI 445 Week 1 Quiz (3 Sets)
PHI 445 Week 1 Discussion Utilitarianism, Deontology, and Virtue Ethics Case Study: Starbucks
PHI 445 Week 2 Discussion Capitalism and Socialism Case Study: Uber
For more classes visit
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This Tutorial contains 3 Paper of Week 3 Assignment, Week 5 Assignment, 3 Set of Week 1,2 Quiz, 2 Response to each DQ
PHI 445 Week 1 Quiz (3 Sets)
PHI 445 Week 1 Discussion Utilitarianism, Deontology, and Virtue Ethics Case Study: Starbucks
PHI 445 Week 2 Discussion Capitalism and Socialism Case Study: Uber
Running head: SELF ESTEEM: METHODS
1
SELF ESTEEM: METHODS
3
Self Esteem:Methods Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: Spacing. Otherwise everything is okay.
Self Esteem: Methods
The methodical approach that is applied in understanding self-esteem is empirical research. Many controversial debates have been done to understand the concept and truth about self-esteem. Many people just get around the fact that self-esteem can influence the ability of the children to study and succeed in education (Franck, 2007). Other people just claim with the new hypothesis that has been drawn from the research conclusions of the studies that have been done so far about self-esteem (Govier, 2013). Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: This is an interesting start though the sentence doesn’t actually say much. Still, it works. Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: Okay. This additional material helps create a stronger introduction.
However, in getting the results of self-esteem, research can be done by both qualitative and quantitative methods (Govier, 2013). These methods of research can be applied in trying to understand self-esteem where the experiments that ask the respondents how favorably they can regard themselves. Questionnaires are used to collect data in this case that have questions that ask the respondents to agree or not agree with statements such as “I feel I can make it in life.” Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: Yes, but . . . what are these different approaches about? Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: You offer a couple of examples but don’t pair wither experiments or questionnaires with either approach.
The statements are directed to the fact that self-esteem is based on what the subjects says about themselves and it worthwhile to note that self-report measures are rather problematic(Franck, 2007). Sometimes they can tell us about someone’s wishes but not their real status. However, since the other methods that have been suggested to understand self-esteem are yet to be empirically validated, the only addition method is an analysis of other research that has been done by other researchers. There is experimental research that has been done so far on the impact and the working of self-esteem and variables that influence this change can provide very interesting resources. The resources that will be required will be a list of questionnaires, respondents and around a period of one month to gather data that has been collected through research (Franck, 2007). Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: say Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: What would be the value of analyzing all the research if none of it has been empirically validated? Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: additional Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: I don’t quite follow you. I don’t know what hypothesis is being tested or what design you propose to use. Much better clarification is needed.
References
Franck, E., & De Raedt, R. (2007). Self-esteem reconsidered: Unstable self-esteem outperforms level of self-esteem as vulnera.
1 - Oil Spill Bioremeditation LaboratoryPrior to beginning.docxcroftsshanon
1 - Oil Spill Bioremeditation Laboratory
Prior to beginning work on this assignment, read the
Oil Spill Bioremediation
investigation manual
. This lab will enable you to simulate the bioremediation of a marine oil spill.
The Process
Take the required photos and complete all parts of the lab assignment (calculations, data tables, etc.). Use the
Lab Worksheet
as a resource to complete the
Lab Report Template
. Transfer any answers and visual elements from the Lab Worksheet into the Lab Report Template. You will submit the Lab Report Template through Waypoint in the classroom.
The Assignment
Make sure to complete all of the following items before submission:
Before you begin the assignment, read the
Oil Spill Bioremediation
investigation manual
; you may also wish to review the video,
SCI207 - The Scientific Method (Links to an external site.)
.
Complete all activities using materials in your kit, augmented by additional materials that you will supply. Photograph the setup following these instructions:
When taking lab photos, you need to include in each image a strip of paper with your name and the date clearly written on it.
Use the
Lab Worksheet
as a resource to complete the
Lab Report Template
.
Must use at least two credible sources outside of the textbook and lab manual.
Submit your completed “Lab Report” via Waypoint.
2 - The Journey to Sustainability
Prior to beginning work on this final paper, review all chapters of Bensel and Carbone’s
Sustaining Our Planet
text (2020).
In this paper, you will explore what a future sustainable world might look like, and in the process of doing so, extend your previous descriptions of selected terms and explain how they may play a role in aiding us in achieving environmental sustainability on a global scale.
The Journey to Sustainability
Imagine a future (probably a long time from now) in which human beings have achieved environmental sustainability on a global scale. That means that we as a species have figured out how to maintain a lifestyle that can go on indefinitely. Humans will exist in harmony with their environment, not needing more resources than can naturally be replenished. What would such a world be like? How might we get there from here?
In this final assignment, you will play the part of science-fiction writer, imagining and describing what a sustainable Earth, inhabited by humans, might look like in the distant future. You will need to provide examples throughout to support your descriptions. You should include all the terms that you have researched during Weeks 1 through 4 of this class, underlining each term as you include it. Be sure to expand on your terms and include other concepts that you learned in the course. Provide as detailed a picture as possible of how that future world might function on a day-to-day basis. In your paper, use grammar and spell-checking programs to insure clarity. Proofread carefully prior to submitting your work. F.
PHI 445 MART Inspiring Innovation--phi445mart.comkopiko112
FOR MORE CLASSES VISIT
www.phi445mart.com
This Tutorial contains 3 Paper of Week 3 Assignment, Week 5 Assignment, 3 Set of Week 1,2 Quiz, 2 Response to each DQ PHI 445 Week 1 Quiz (3 Sets) PHI 445 Week 1 Discussion
PHI 445 Effective Communication - tutorialrank.comBartholomew76
For more course tutorials visit
www.tutorialrank.com
This Tutorial contains 3 Paper of Week 3 Assignment, Week 5 Assignment, 3 Set of Week 1,2 Quiz, 2 Response to each DQ
PHI 445 Week 1 Quiz (3 Sets)
PHI 445 Week 1 Discussion Utilitarianism, Deontology, an
For more course tutorials visit
www.tutorialrank.com
This Tutorial contains 3 Paper of Week 3 Assignment, Week 5 Assignment, 3 Set of Week 1,2 Quiz, 2 Response to each DQ
PHI 445 Week 1 Quiz (3 Sets)
PHI 445 Week 1 Discussion Utilitarianism, Deontology, and Virtue Ethics Case Study: Starbucks
PHI 445 Week 2 Discussion Capitalism and Socialism Case Study: Uber
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
This Tutorial contains 3 Paper of Week 3 Assignment, Week 5 Assignment, 3 Set of Week 1,2 Quiz, 2 Response to each DQ
PHI 445 Week 1 Quiz (3 Sets)
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
This Tutorial contains 3 Paper of Week 3 Assignment, Week 5 Assignment, 3 Set of Week 1,2 Quiz, 2 Response to each DQ
Academic Writing in English - Tips on the publication process (2019)Ron Martinez
In this module, we look at a few important points that can come up during the submission process, such as taking care to avoid plagiarism flags, and what should go into a cover letter. In addition, we also provide a few tips on how to respond to reviewers' critiques.
Academic writing: the 3 Cs and authorial voice - 2019Ron Martinez
A careful look at how to make your introduction flow and read better, including how to make sure you are not hiding behind the voice of other authors when you write.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2. Syllabus outline
• 28/08 - Introduction
• 04/09 - IMRaD, Most common errors,
electronic tools
• 11/09 - Strategic planning for your article:
CARS and other approaches
• 18/09 - Title, Abstract e Introduction
• 25/09 - Writing your Introduction
• 02/10 - Coherence, cohesion and clarity, and
use of authorial voice
• 09/10 - (Introduction due) The Method
section
• 16/10- The (Results and) Discussion section
• 23/10 - (Introduction peer feedback due)
Discussing and Concluding
• 30/10 - Writing (no class)
• 06/11 - (1st draft article due) Students
exchange articles (no class)
• 13/11 - Special guest speaker
• 20/11 - (1st draft peer feedback due)
Plagiarism, the submission process
• 18/12 - Final draft of full article due (send
also to “orientador”, with evaluation form)
• 29/01/2020 - Evaluation form due from
orientador
4. Today’s Homework
• Download and read the article on our class
webpage. What elements discussed in today’s class
are present? Which are missing? (Respond on
Formative.)
• Remember to complete feedback on Peer
Grade.
• Write about your feedback experience on
Formative.
• If time: Try outlining the rest of your article.
5. Comment from a student
“I had never before made contributions to an article proposal for
publication. I had the honor of feeling ‘proofreader’. What I liked about
the experience is that I had the opportunity to evaluate / comment on
two works of two completely different subjects. It was interesting to
notice gaps, inconsistent phrases and give meaning to them, to realize
what was missing and what was unnecessary in subjects from different
areas from mine.”
6. Student comment:
“Achei divertido ler coisas que outras pessoas escreveram e poder
opinar sobre isso. Pena que acabamos lendo algo que não é da nossa
área, então fica meio confuso de entender as introduções, mas
acredito que isso sirva de alerta para nós mesmo, afinal, precisamos
estar atentos ao que iremos escrever, e levar em consideração que
nem sempre quem irá ler o nosso artigo, é alguém que entende do
assunto.”
7. Student comment:
“A experiência foi muito positiva. Eu já havia realizado correção de
prova e comentários a respeito das questões de outros colegas, mas a
experiência de dar um feedback sobre um artigo é totalmente diferente.
Pelo menos para mim, dar o feedback me fez repensar na minha
escrita e no que eu poderia ter feito diferente. Certamente, só de dar
esses feedbacks eu já faria (e farei) alterações na minha introdução.”
8. Student comment:
“I was impressed how much I enjoyed reading the introduction of
colleagues and being able to evaluate and contribute to their writing. I
found it very interesting to be able to see clearly in these texts what we
learned in class, and realize that an outside look can be very useful. I'm
sure I couldn't have that clear vision when I wrote my own introduction,
but analyzing my colleagues' text helped me to see better my own
writing. I am sure in the next introductions I will write with more
attention and make fewer mistakes.”
9. “Eu gostei do site e de que como ele funciona.
Nos dá uma ideia na prática de como as
revisões dos artigos acontecem.”
15. Back to that rejection....
Your disussion of the Discussion on Formative
16. From a student:
“Percebe-se que neste trabalho não há alusão à outras
pesquisas na área, durante a discussão a única referência
que aparece é a NBR, não tem outros autores. É um
trabalho que trata apenas os resultados de forma bem
técnica, sem aplicações muito práticas, embora fale da
importância do uso do material na construção civil.”
17. Student comment:
Na seção "results and discussion" do artigo rejeitado o
autor só apresenta os resultados do estudo. O autor não
conecta a introdução com a discussão revisitando pontos
levantados, não compara a pesquisa com outros estudos e
não fala de possíveis limitações da pesquisa abrindo uma
brecha para novos estudos. Somente na conclusão
aparece uma possível aplicação prática do resultado
obtido, ou seja, o uso do material desenvolvido na
construção civil.
18. Another comment:
Move 1 and move 2 of CARS are missing. In the
Discussion topic, I have identified practically none of the six
common elements. The discussion is very descriptive
missing the discussion itself. In the conclusion topic, there
are some implications on points raised in the introduction,
but there is a lack of expanding, explaining or extrapolating
the initial discussion. Thus, this article needs to be more
developed to include the theorization of the results. Also, it
is important to write about the limitations.
20. “Readers must be able to
distinguish what you found
from what you think.” (p. 70)
21. 3 types of results presentation:
1. The data (i.e. the results themselves, the
numbers and figures)
2.Inferences (e.g. what your data mean
statistically)
3.Interpretation (your explanation of what
the results mean)
27. Discussion : 6 common elements
!
Revisit points raised
in the Introduction
Compare with other
studies
28. Discussion : 6 common elements
!
Revisit points raised
in the Introduction
Compare with other
studies
Expand, explain,
extrapolate
29. Discussion : 6 common elements
!
Revisit points raised
in the Introduction
Compare with other
studies
Expand, explain,
extrapolate
Talk about applications
and practical implications
30. Discussion : 6 common elements
!
Revisit points raised
in the Introduction
Compare with other
studies
Expand, explain,
extrapolate
Talk about applications
and practical implications
Talk about limitations
31. Discussion : 6 common elements
!
Revisit points raised
in the Introduction
Compare with other
studies
Expand, explain,
extrapolate
Talk about applications
and practical implications
Talk about limitations
Talk about how the study
advances the area;
what is still needed
32. Another comment:
Move 1 and move 2 of CARS are missing. In the
Discussion topic, I have identified practically none of the six
common elements. The discussion is very descriptive
missing the discussion itself. In the conclusion topic, there
are some implications on points raised in the introduction,
but there is a lack of expanding, explaining or extrapolating
the initial discussion. Thus, this article needs to be more
developed to include the theorization of the results. Also, it
is important to write about the limitations.
43. Abstract
Axillary body odor is individually specific and potentially a rich source of
information about its producer. Odor individuality partly results from genetic
individuality, but the influence of ecological factors such as eating habits are
another main source of odor variability. However, we know very little about how
particular dietary components shape our body odor. Here we tested the effect of
red meat consumption on body odor attractiveness. We used a balanced within-
subject experimental design. Seventeen male odor donors were on “meat” or
“nonmeat” diet for 2 weeks wearing axillary pads to collect body odor during the
final 24 h of the diet. Fresh odor samples were assessed for their pleasantness,
attractiveness, masculinity, and intensity by 30 women not using hormonal
contraceptives. We repeated the same procedure a month later with the same
odor donors, each on the opposite diet than before. Results of repeated measures
analysis of variance showed that the odor of donors when on the nonmeat diet
was judged as significantly more attractive, more pleasant, and less intense. This
suggests that red meat consumption has a negative impact on perceived body
odor hedonicity.
44. Abstract
Axillary body odor is individually specific and potentially a rich
source of information about its producer. Odor individuality partly
results from genetic individuality, but the influence of ecological
factors such as eating habits are another main source of odor
variability. However, we know very little about how particular dietary
components shape our body odor. Here we tested the effect of red meat
consumption on body odor attractiveness. We used a balanced within-subject
experimental design. Seventeen male odor donors were on “meat” or “nonmeat”
diet for 2 weeks wearing axillary pads to collect body odor during the final 24 h of
the diet. Fresh odor samples were assessed for their pleasantness, attractiveness,
masculinity, and intensity by 30 women not using hormonal contraceptives. We
repeated the same procedure a month later with the same odor donors, each on
the opposite diet than before. Results of repeated measures analysis of variance
showed that the odor of donors when on the nonmeat diet was judged as
significantly more attractive, more pleasant, and less intense. This suggests that
red meat consumption has a negative impact on perceived body odor hedonicity.
45. Abstract
Axillary body odor is individually specific and potentially a rich source of
information about its producer. Odor individuality partly results from genetic
individuality, but the influence of ecological factors such as eating habits are
another main source of odor variability. However, we know very little
about how particular dietary components shape our body odor.
Here we tested the effect of red meat consumption on body odor attractiveness.
We used a balanced within-subject experimental design. Seventeen male odor
donors were on “meat” or “nonmeat” diet for 2 weeks wearing axillary pads to
collect body odor during the final 24 h of the diet. Fresh odor samples were
assessed for their pleasantness, attractiveness, masculinity, and intensity by 30
women not using hormonal contraceptives. We repeated the same procedure a
month later with the same odor donors, each on the opposite diet than before.
Results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the odor of donors
when on the nonmeat diet was judged as significantly more attractive, more
pleasant, and less intense. This suggests that red meat consumption has a
negative impact on perceived body odor hedonicity.
46. Abstract
Axillary body odor is individually specific and potentially a rich source of
information about its producer. Odor individuality partly results from genetic
individuality, but the influence of ecological factors such as eating habits are
another main source of odor variability. However, we know very little about how
particular dietary components shape our body odor. Here we tested the
effect of red meat consumption on body odor attractiveness. We
used a balanced within-subject experimental design. Seventeen male odor donors
were on “meat” or “nonmeat” diet for 2 weeks wearing axillary pads to collect
body odor during the final 24 h of the diet. Fresh odor samples were assessed for
their pleasantness, attractiveness, masculinity, and intensity by 30 women not
using hormonal contraceptives. We repeated the same procedure a month later
with the same odor donors, each on the opposite diet than before. Results of
repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the odor of donors when on
the nonmeat diet was judged as significantly more attractive, more pleasant, and
less intense. This suggests that red meat consumption has a negative impact on
perceived body odor hedonicity.
47. Abstract
Axillary body odor is individually specific and potentially a rich source of
information about its producer. Odor individuality partly results from genetic
individuality, but the influence of ecological factors such as eating habits are
another main source of odor variability. However, we know very little about how
particular dietary components shape our body odor. Here we tested the effect of
red meat consumption on body odor attractiveness. We used a balanced
within-subject experimental design. Seventeen male odor donors
were on “meat” or “nonmeat” diet for 2 weeks wearing axillary
pads to collect body odor during the final 24 h of the diet. Fresh
odor samples were assessed for their pleasantness, attractiveness,
masculinity, and intensity by 30 women not using hormonal
contraceptives. We repeated the same procedure a month later
with the same odor donors, each on the opposite diet than before.
Results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the odor of donors
when on the nonmeat diet was judged as significantly more attractive, more
pleasant, and less intense. This suggests that red meat consumption has a
negative impact on perceived body odor hedonicity.
48. Abstract
Axillary body odor is individually specific and potentially a rich source of
information about its producer. Odor individuality partly results from genetic
individuality, but the influence of ecological factors such as eating habits are
another main source of odor variability. However, we know very little about how
particular dietary components shape our body odor. Here we tested the effect of
red meat consumption on body odor attractiveness. We used a balanced within-
subject experimental design. Seventeen male odor donors were on “meat” or
“nonmeat” diet for 2 weeks wearing axillary pads to collect body odor during the
final 24 h of the diet. Fresh odor samples were assessed for their pleasantness,
attractiveness, masculinity, and intensity by 30 women not using hormonal
contraceptives. We repeated the same procedure a month later with the same
odor donors, each on the opposite diet than before. Results of repeated
measures analysis of variance showed that the odor of donors
when on the nonmeat diet was judged as significantly more
attractive, more pleasant, and less intense. This suggests that red meat
consumption has a negative impact on perceived body odor hedonicity.
49. Abstract
Axillary body odor is individually specific and potentially a rich source of
information about its producer. Odor individuality partly results from genetic
individuality, but the influence of ecological factors such as eating habits are
another main source of odor variability. However, we know very little about how
particular dietary components shape our body odor. Here we tested the effect of
red meat consumption on body odor attractiveness. We used a balanced within-
subject experimental design. Seventeen male odor donors were on “meat” or
“nonmeat” diet for 2 weeks wearing axillary pads to collect body odor during the
final 24 h of the diet. Fresh odor samples were assessed for their pleasantness,
attractiveness, masculinity, and intensity by 30 women not using hormonal
contraceptives. We repeated the same procedure a month later with the same
odor donors, each on the opposite diet than before. Results of repeated measures
analysis of variance showed that the odor of donors when on the nonmeat diet
was judged as significantly more attractive, more pleasant, and less intense. This
suggests that red meat consumption has a negative impact on
perceived body odor hedonicity.
50. Abstract
Axillary body odor is individually specific and potentially a rich source of
information about its producer. Odor individuality partly results from genetic
individuality, but the influence of ecological factors such as eating habits are
another main source of odor variability. However, we know very little about how
particular dietary components shape our body odor. Here we tested the effect of
red meat consumption on body odor attractiveness. We used a balanced within-
subject experimental design. Seventeen male odor donors were on “meat” or
“nonmeat” diet for 2 weeks wearing axillary pads to collect body odor during the
final 24 h of the diet. Fresh odor samples were assessed for their pleasantness,
attractiveness, masculinity, and intensity by 30 women not using hormonal
contraceptives. We repeated the same procedure a month later with the same
odor donors, each on the opposite diet than before. Results of repeated measures
analysis of variance showed that the odor of donors when on the nonmeat diet
was judged as significantly more attractive, more pleasant, and less intense. This
suggests that red meat consumption has a negative impact on
perceived body odor hedonicity.
58. Discussion
The results of this study show for the first time that red
meat consumption may have a perceivable impact on
axillary body odor. Odors of donors on the nonmeat
diet were judged as more pleasant, more attractive, and
less intense. This pattern was not influenced by raters'
menstrual cycle phase or partnership status.
The number of odor donors was relatively small (17
men). However, the nature of the experiment was
balanced and within subject. In other words, each rater
assessed some donors first in meat condition and some
59. Discussion
The results of this study show for the first time that red
meat consumption may have a perceivable impact on
axillary body odor. Odors of donors on the nonmeat
diet were judged as more pleasant, more attractive, and
less intense. This pattern was not influenced by raters'
menstrual cycle phase or partnership status.
The number of odor donors was relatively small (17
men). However, the nature of the experiment was
balanced and within subject. In other words, each rater
assessed some donors first in meat condition and some
60. Discussion
The results of this study show for the first time that red
meat consumption may have a perceivable impact on
axillary body odor. Odors of donors on the nonmeat
diet were judged as more pleasant, more attractive, and
less intense. This pattern was not influenced by raters'
menstrual cycle phase or partnership status.
The number of odor donors was relatively small (17
men). However, the nature of the experiment was
balanced and within subject. In other words, each rater
assessed some donors first in meat condition and some
61.
62. The "Naysayer"
1. In the "Discussion" section (online), underline/highlight
parts that were probably written thinking of the
"Naysayer".
2. Compare with others.
75. TIP: PRACTICE BEING A NAYSAYER
Ask your “orientador” if you can review
manuscripts together.
76. Discussion : 6 common elements
!
Revisit points raised
in the Introduction
Compare with other
studies
Expand, explain,
extrapolate
Talk about applications
and practical implications
Talk about limitations
Talk about how the study
advances the area;
what is still needed
83. “Hedging”: Examples
1. Curitibanos have many umbrellas. This is because
umbrellas are easily lost.
2. Curitibanos often have many umbrellas. This is because
umbrellas are easily lost.
84. “Hedging”: Examples
1. Curitibanos have many umbrellas. This is because
umbrellas are easily lost.
2. Curitibanos often have many umbrellas. This is because
umbrellas are easily lost.
3. Curitibanos have many umbrellas. This may be because
umbrellas are easily lost.
4. Curitibanos are known to have many umbrellas. This is
because umbrellas can be easily lost.
5. Curitibanos have many umbrellas. This is likely due to the
fact that umbrellas are easily lost.
85. “Hedging”: Examples
1. Curitibanos have many umbrellas. This is because
umbrellas are easily lost.
2. Curitibanos often have many umbrellas. This is because
umbrellas are easily lost.
3. Curitibanos have many umbrellas. This may be because
umbrellas are easily lost.
4. Curitibanos are known to have many umbrellas. This is
because umbrellas can be easily lost.
5. Curitibanos have many umbrellas. This is likely due to the
fact that umbrellas are easily lost.
86. “Hedging”: Examples
1. Curitibanos have many umbrellas. This is because
umbrellas are easily lost.
2. Curitibanos often have many umbrellas. This is because
umbrellas are easily lost.
3. Curitibanos have many umbrellas. This may be because
umbrellas are easily lost.
4. Curitibanos are known to have many umbrellas. This is
because umbrellas can be easily lost.
5. Curitibanos have many umbrellas. This is likely due to the
fact that umbrellas are easily lost.
87. “Hedging”: Examples
1. Curitibanos have many umbrellas. This is because
umbrellas are easily lost.
2. Curitibanos often have many umbrellas. This is because
umbrellas are easily lost.
3. Curitibanos have many umbrellas. This may be because
umbrellas are easily lost.
4. Curitibanos are known to have many umbrellas. This is
because umbrellas can be easily lost.
5. Curitibanos have many umbrellas. This is likely due to
the fact that umbrellas are easily lost.
88. Hedging: a definition
In academic writing, a “hedge” is a word
or phrase used by the author(s) to show
they are being careful about their claims.
89.
90. Hedging (when discussing results)
Current knowledge allows us only to speculate what particular compounds and
metabolic processes are responsible for hedonic changes in body odor after
the meat consumption. We propose that it could be due to changes in amount
and/or relative abundance of aliphatic acids. The axillary region contains
abundant numbers of apocrine glands producing milky secretions. Fresh
apocrine secretion is odorless but is rapidly converted by axillary microflora to
odorous breakdown products. Of particular interest are corynobacteria A as
they metabolize fatty acids to short aliphatic acids (James et al. 2004).
Chromatographic examination of axillary sweat found a number of both
saturated and unsaturated and branched and nonbranched aliphatic acids
particularly of C5–C11 length (Zeng et al. 1991). If this is the case, we may
expect a correlation between the change in the odor and fat proportion in
meat.
91. Hedging (when discussing results)
Current knowledge allows us only to speculate what particular compounds
and metabolic processes are responsible for hedonic changes in body odor
after the meat consumption. We propose that it could be due to changes in
amount and/or relative abundance of aliphatic acids. The axillary region
contains abundant numbers of apocrine glands producing milky secretions.
Fresh apocrine secretion is odorless but is rapidly converted by axillary
microflora to odorous breakdown products. Of particular interest are
corynobacteria A as they metabolize fatty acids to short aliphatic acids (James
et al. 2004). Chromatographic examination of axillary sweat found a number of
both saturated and unsaturated and branched and nonbranched aliphatic
acids particularly of C5–C11 length (Zeng et al. 1991). If this is the case, we
may expect a correlation between the change in the odor and fat proportion in
meat.
92. Guiding the reader: Title, Abstract
and Introduction
Prof. Dr. Ron Martinez
PRPPG7000 - Academic Writing in English
104. Hedging (when discussing results)
Current knowledge allows us only to speculate what particular
compounds and metabolic processes are responsible for hedonic
changes in body odor after the meat consumption. We propose
that it could be due to changes in amount and/or relative
abundance of aliphatic acids. The axillary region contains
abundant numbers of apocrine glands producing milky
secretions. Fresh apocrine secretion is odorless but is rapidly
converted by axillary microflora to odorous breakdown products.
Of particular interest are corynobacteria A as they metabolize
fatty acids to short aliphatic acids (James et al. 2004).
Chromatographic examination of axillary sweat found a number
of both saturated and unsaturated and branched and
nonbranched aliphatic acids particularly of C5–C11 length (Zeng
et al. 1991). If this is the case, we may expect a correlation
between the change in the odor and fat proportion in meat.
105. Hedging
Current knowledge allows us only to speculate what particular compounds and
metabolic processes are responsible for hedonic changes in body odor after the
meat consumption. We propose that it could be due to changes in amount and/or
relative abundance of aliphatic acids. The axillary region contains abundant
numbers of apocrine glands producing milky secretions. Fresh apocrine secretion
is odorless but is rapidly converted by axillary microflora to odorous breakdown
products. Of particular interest are corynobacteria A as they metabolize fatty
acids to short aliphatic acids (James et al. 2004). Chromatographic examination of
axillary sweat found a number of both saturated and unsaturated and branched
and nonbranched aliphatic acids particularly of C5–C11 length (Zeng et al. 1991). If
this is the case, we may expect a correlation between the change in the odor and
fat proportion in meat.
CLAIM
106. Hedging
Current knowledge allows us only to speculate what particular compounds and
metabolic processes are responsible for hedonic changes in body odor after the
meat consumption. We propose that it could be due to changes in amount and/or
relative abundance of aliphatic acids. The axillary region contains
abundant numbers of apocrine glands producing milky
secretions. Fresh apocrine secretion is odorless but is rapidly
converted by axillary microflora to odorous breakdown products.
Of particular interest are corynobacteria A as they metabolize
fatty acids to short aliphatic acids (James et al. 2004).
Chromatographic examination of axillary sweat found a number
of both saturated and unsaturated and branched and
nonbranched aliphatic acids particularly of C5–C11 length (Zeng
et al. 1991). If this is the case, we may expect a correlation between the
CLAIM
107. Hedging
Current knowledge allows us only to speculate what particular compounds and
metabolic processes are responsible for hedonic changes in body odor after the
meat consumption. We propose that it could be due to changes in amount and/or
relative abundance of aliphatic acids. The axillary region contains abundant
numbers of apocrine glands producing milky secretions. Fresh apocrine secretion
is odorless but is rapidly converted by axillary microflora to odorous breakdown
products. Of particular interest are corynobacteria A as they metabolize fatty
acids to short aliphatic acids (James et al. 2004). Chromatographic examination of
axillary sweat found a number of both saturated and unsaturated and branched
and nonbranched aliphatic acids particularly of C5–C11 length (Zeng et al. 1991). If
this is the case, we may expect a correlation between the change in the odor and
fat proportion in meat.
CLAIM
EVIDENCE
108. Hedging
Current knowledge allows us only to speculate what particular compounds and
metabolic processes are responsible for hedonic changes in body odor after the
meat consumption. We propose that it could be due to changes in amount and/or
relative abundance of aliphatic acids. The axillary region contains abundant
numbers of apocrine glands producing milky secretions. Fresh apocrine secretion
is odorless but is rapidly converted by axillary microflora to odorous breakdown
products. Of particular interest are corynobacteria A as they metabolize fatty
acids to short aliphatic acids (James et al. 2004). Chromatographic examination of
axillary sweat found a number of both saturated and unsaturated and branched
and nonbranched aliphatic acids particularly of C5–C11 length (Zeng et al. 1991). If
this is the case, we may expect a correlation between the change in the odor and
fat proportion in meat.
CLAIM
“WARRANTING”
109. Some common hedges
MODALITY
• may
• can
• could
• might
• possibly
• likely
EFFECT/CAUSE
• cause / caused by
• attribute / attributable to
• due to
• affect / affected by
• related to
• (as) a result of
suggestseem / appearwould
110. Some common hedges
MODALITY
• may
• can
• could
• might
• possibly
• likely
EFFECT/CAUSE
• cause / caused by
• attribute / attributable to
• due to
• affect / affected by
• related to
• (as) a/the result of
+ BE
+ HAVE
suggestseem / appearwould
113. Some common hedges
MODALITY
• may
• can
• could
• might
• possibly
• likely
EFFECT/CAUSE
• cause / caused by
• attribute / attributable to
• due to
• affect / affected by
• related to
• (as) a/the result of
+ BE
+ HAVE
suggestseem / appearwould
114. Using hedges
• The unexpected result may have been caused by an underestimation of
Trump's popularity among mainstream media outlets.
• Traditionally democratic states that voted more republican in the
election is likely the result of heavier campaigning by Trump.
• The low voter turnout on election day is possibly attributable to
ambivalent feelings towards Hillary Clinton among democratic voters.
• The recent mass influx of Syrian refugees could have affected voter
sentiment in favor of Trump.
• In future elections, it may be useful to verify emotional stability and
cognitive functioning before allowing a candidate to run for president.
115. Some common hedges
MODALITY
• may
• can
• could
• might
• possibly
• likely
EFFECT/CAUSE
• cause / caused by
• attribute / attributable to
• due to
• affect / affected by
• related to
• (as) a/the result of
+ BE
+ HAVE
suggestseem / appearwould
116. Using hedges
• The unexpected result may have been caused by an underestimation of
Trump's popularity among mainstream media outlets.
• Traditionally democratic states that voted more republican in the
election is likely the result of heavier campaigning by Trump.
• The low voter turnout on election day is possibly attributable to
ambivalent feelings towards Hillary Clinton among democratic voters.
• The recent mass influx of Syrian refugees could have affected voter
sentiment in favor of Trump.
• In future elections, it may be useful to verify emotional stability and
cogniti.
117. Some common hedges
MODALITY
• may
• can
• could
• might
• possibly
• likely
EFFECT/CAUSE
• cause / caused by
• attribute / attributable to
• due to
• affect / affected by
• related to
• (as) a/the result of
+ BE
+ HAVE
suggestseem / appearwould
118. Using hedges
• The unexpected result may have been caused by an underestimation of
Trump's popularity among mainstream media outlets.
• Traditionally democratic states that voted more republican in the
election is likely the result of heavier campaigning by Trump.
• The low voter turnout on election day is possibly attributable to
ambivalent feelings towards Hillary Clinton among democratic voters.
• The recent mass influx of Syrian refugees could have affected voter
sentiment in favor of Trump.
• In future elections, it may be useful to verify emotional stability and
cognit.
119. Some common hedges
MODALITY
• may
• can
• could
• might
• possibly
• likely
EFFECT/CAUSE
• cause / caused by
• attribute / attributable to
• due to
• affect / affected by
• related to
• (as) a/the result of
+ BE
+ HAVE
suggestseem / appearwould
120. Using hedges
• The unexpected result may have been caused by an underestimation of
Trump's popularity among mainstream media outlets.
• Traditionally democratic states that voted more republican in the
election is likely the result of heavier campaigning by Trump.
• The low voter turnout on election day is possibly attributable to
ambivalent feelings towards Hillary Clinton among democratic voters.
• There is suspicion that the elections could have affected by foreign
intervention in social media.
• In future elections, it may be useful to verify emotional stability and
cognitive fu
121. Some common hedges
MODALITY
• may
• can
• could
• might
• possibly
• likely
EFFECT/CAUSE
• cause / caused by
• attribute / attributable to
• due to
• affect / affected by
• related to
• (as) a/the result of
+ BE
+ HAVE
suggestseem / appearwould
122. Using hedges
• The unexpected result may have been caused by an underestimation of
Trump's popularity among mainstream media outlets.
• Traditionally democratic states that voted more republican in the
election is likely the result of heavier campaigning by Trump.
• The low voter turnout on election day is possibly attributable to
ambivalent feelings towards Hillary Clinton among democratic voters.
• There is suspicion that the elections could have affected by foreign
intervention in social media.
• The success of Trump may be interpreted as a shift in sentiment away
from “politics as usual.”
123. Some common hedges
MODALITY
• may
• can
• could
• might
• possibly
• likely
EFFECT/CAUSE
• cause / caused by
• attribute / attributable to
• due to
• affect / affected by
• related to
• (as) a/the result of
+ BE
+ HAVE
suggestseem / appearwould
124. Some common hedges
MODALITY
• may
• can
• could
• might
• possibly
• likely
EFFECT/CAUSE
• cause / caused by
• attribute / attributable to
• due to
• affect / affected by
• related to
• (as) a/the result of
+ BE
+ HAVE
suggestseem / appearwould
125. Some common hedges
MODALITY
• may
• can
• could
• might
• possibly
• likely
EFFECT/CAUSE
• cause / caused by
• attribute / attributable to
• due to
• affect / affected by
• related to
• (as) a/the result of
+ BE
+ HAVE
suggestseem / appearwould
130. How to conclude?
• Separate section? ("Conclusion")
• Integrated into the Discussion?
• How to signal you are “closing”?
• What should you include?
163. By next class (13/11):
1. Add your (draft!!!) Discussion/Conclusion section to
your Introduction. Include “hedging” where
appropriate.
2. By 06/11: Submit your (draft!!!) article to
PeerGrade.
3. This assignment counts towards your participation
grade. (Don’t worry if it’s not “complete.”)