PHI 445 Effective Communication - tutorialrank.com

PHI 445 Entire Course (2 Set of Papers, 2 Response for
each DQ, Quiz – 3 Set)
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This Tutorial contains 3 Paper of Week 3 Assignment, Week 5
Assignment, 3 Set of Week 1,2 Quiz, 2 Response to each DQ
PHI 445 Week 1 Quiz (3 Sets)
PHI 445 Week 1 Discussion Utilitarianism, Deontology, and Virtue
Ethics Case Study: Starbucks
PHI 445 Week 2 Discussion Capitalism and Socialism Case Study: Uber
PHI 445 Week 2 Quiz (3 Sets)
PHI 445 Week 3 Assignment Case Analysis (Factory Farming :Perdue
Farms)
PHI 445 Week 3 Assignment Case Analysis (Gender Discrimination:
Goodyear)

PHI 445 Week 3 Discussion Currrent Business Problems: Case Studies:
Lehman Brothers, British Petroleum, Monsanto, Merck, Goodyear,
Perdue Farms
PHI 445 Week 3 Assignment Case Analysis (GMOs: Monsanto)
PHI 445 Week 4 Discussion The Effects of Business on Consumers and
the Environment: Case Study Perdue Farms
PHI 445 Week 5 Final Project Argumentative Essay (GMOs: Monsanto)
PHI 445 Week 5 Final Project Argumentative Essay (Factory Farming
:Perdue Farms)
PHI 445 Week 5 Final Project Argumentative Essay (Gender
Discrimination: Goodyear)
PHI 445 Week 5 Discussion Discrimination Laws: Advantages and
Disadvantages for both Employees and Business Case Study:
Abercrombie & Fitch
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PHI 445 Week 1 Discussion Utilitarianism, Deontology,
and Virtue Ethics Case Study: Starbucks

PHI 445 Week 1 Discussion Utilitarianism, Deontology, and Virtue
Ethics: Case Study: Starbucks
Prepare: The initial post in this discussion must be informed by the
required material for this discussion. Your preparation should focus on
three classical ethical theories that are fundamental in any ethical
analysis: utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics. Since the subject
of your examination is the Starbucks case, make sure to view the
relevant multimedia carefully with an eye toward the various ethical
problems that this company has had to confront.
Reflect: Keep in mind that although the notion of the moral good will
vary among ethical theories, they often produce the same or similar
results. So you should focus on the differences in (a) the intent and (b)
the consequences of the action under examination. In utilitarianism, for
example, the consequences of the action are weightier than the intent.
Accordingly, even if the intent was morally questionable, the action is
nonetheless morally good if it achieves good consequences for most.
The opposite would be the case if the action were being examined from
a deontological point of view. These reflections will aid your selection
of an ethical theory for your initial post, as well as your critical
examinations of the analysis from fellow students.
Write: Start your initial post by identifying two characteristics of
utilitarianism, two characteristics of virtue ethics, and two characteristics
of deontology. Organize this part of your post so that it is clear which
characteristics belong to which ethical theory. You can do this by means
of subtitles, or by presenting a table. You should aim to write one
complete and clear sentence for each characteristic rather than just one
or a few words.
Then, take the position that Starbucks is guided by utilitarianism and
analyze how the notion of the moral good in utilitarianism leads to a
unique approach to ethical problems. The way to do this is as follows:

• First, present an ethical problem confronted by Starbucks. You can
choose one such ethical problem from the video.
· Then, apply the characteristics of utilitarianism that you identified
for this discussion in the attempt to solve this problem.
· After this, analyze how the notion of the moral good present in
utilitarianism, and the characteristics that you identified in particular,
shape the approach to solving this problem.
Revise: This is your chance to correct any oversights or errors in your
initial post, or show your improved understanding of the ethical theories
and their applications. Start by reading the feedback provided by your
professor to your initial post, either directly to you or to your fellow
students. Use this as an opportunity to learn from your professor,
especially with regard to the best ways to apply the course material and
your research to your analysis. On the basis of what you have learned in
this process, post an improved revision of your initial post that applies
the additional knowledge that you have gained.
Remember that your grade depends on the quality of your initial and
revised responses, not just on the submission of an attempt at
improvement. It is thus to your advantage to post the best initial post you
can and then to also improve that best effort as much as you can through
revision. Taking this process seriously will help you develop the skills
you need to do well on the final project.
Requirements for Your Initial Post:
o Your initial post should be at least 400 words in length and have
citations and references in APA
notation. It should address the prompt in its entirety. This means that
you should not split your response to the prompt in multiple posts. Your
examination should be both thorough and succinct. This is a

combination that demands time and thought, so give yourself sufficient
time to draft and revise.
o Please be advised that until you post, you will not see what your
fellow students are posting. Once you submit your post, you will be able
to view the posts from your other classmates. You can then proceed to
reply to at least two different threads based on the required material for
this discussion on virtue ethics and deontology.
o Your list of references for your initial post should include the video
and the other required material for this discussion, including Section 1.3
of the textbook on Starbucks, as well as the Instructor Guidance and any
other announcements presented to you by your professor. Use all of the
material presented to you in the course and by your professor, in
addition to any other sources that you consulted to inform yourself about
Starbucks (but not Wikipedia or similar sources).
==============================================
PHI 445 Week 1 Quiz (3 Set)
PHI 445 Week 1 Quiz (3 Set) 1

1. Question : Which of these statements about moral values is
true?
2. Question : When a pharmaceutical company releases a new
drug with known side effects that will help more people than the side
effects will harm, this is an example of what type of ethics?
3. Question : Which of the following ethical frameworks would
support child labor if the consequences produced better overall results
than the available alternatives?
4. Question : Groups could not function well if members of
groups were completely free to make decisions for themselves about
what to do and how to act. Which of the following uses legal rules and
organizational rules to keep order in groups?
5. Question : Which of the following shifts the focus from
questions about what a person should do toward a focus on who a
personis?
6. Question : If Mr. Swanson, a college professor, says that
there is no such thing as right and wrong and treats questions regarding
what is good and evil as relative to an individual’s values and culture,
this is an example of the theory of
7. Question : The Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
regulates television and radio media to ensure they do not broadcast
vulgar language. This is an example of the principle of
8. Question : Janelle gives to charity because she enjoys the
gratitude and recognition from the people she helps. This is an example
of

9. Question : The main idea of utilitarianism is its focus on
10. Question : Which of the following statements is true about
divine command theory?
11. Question : Mrs. Takeda jumps into an icy river to save a
stranger. This is an example of
12. Question : Limiting free speech by the government would be
an example of the
13. Question : Which theory of ethics says that we should make
decisions that produce ―the greatest good for the greatest number‖?
personis?
3. Question : Identify the theory that believes people act only
out of a self-interest.

4. Question : An example of an intrinsic value for an employee
would be
8. Question : Which of the following is an example of a human
right?
9. Question : The idea that character traits can contribute to or
take away from a happy and meaningful life describes
10. Question : Groups could not function well if members of
groups were completely free to make decisions for themselves about
what to do and how to act. Which of the following uses legal rules and
organizational rules to keep order in groups?
11. Question : According to philosopher John Locke, which of
the following statements about human rights is true?
13. Question : The idea that we are born with basic moral
principles that we use to judge people’s actions describes __________
theory.

2. Question : Which of the following is an example of a human
right?
personis?
5. Question : Janelle gives to charity because she enjoys the
gratitude and recognition from the people she helps. This is an example
of

9. Question : The idea that we are born with basic moral
principles that we use to judge people’s actions describes __________
theory.
10. Question : Which of the following is a legal right in the
United States?
11. Question : The idea that character traits can contribute to or
take away from a happy and meaningful life describes
12. Question : According to Immanuel Kant, there is essentially
one fundamental moral duty:
13. Question : According to philosopher John Locke, which of
the following statements about human rights is true?
==============================================
PHI 445 Week 2 Discussion Capitalism and Socialism
Case Study: Uber
PHI 445 Week 2 Discussion Capitalism and Socialism Case Study: Uber

Prepare: Your initial post in this discussion must be informed by the
required material for this discussion. The required material for this
discussion will introduce you to what is new about Uber as a business
model, the profit incentive in business, and how laws can make or break
innovation in business. Your preparation should focus on the
characteristics of capitalism and socialism, as well as other business
concepts presented in the required material. Since your initial post in this
discussion will examine the relation between running a business such as
Uber and the laws and economic system of the nation(s) in which it
operates, make sure to comb the material on Uber for laws, regulations,
and the economic setting that affect its operations. You are encouraged
to research relevant laws and regulations to make sure that you have
current information. You will also need to review the material on the
three ethical theories employed in the Week One Discussion as you will
draw from that material for this week’s discussion too.
Reflect: Keep in mind that Uber has presented itself into the market not
as a transportation service but as a service that pairs consumers with ride
sharing services by means of a unique phone app. But some sources—
including the taxi industry and one California court finding (details in
the required material), as well as the characterization of Uber presented
in Section 3.4 of the textbook—seem to challenge this branding.
According to these sources, Uber is avoiding laws that apply to the
transportation industry and, thereby, usurping a rightful place that the
taxi industry has carved for itself. Consumers, on the other hand, have
shown their preference for Uber by a high demand for its services in the
USA and abroad, including those countries in which Uber has been
banned. Compared to taxis, Uber offers consumers an efficient system
for procuring a ride even in remote areas where taxis do not frequent, a
convenient payment method (no need for cash, and fares can be split
among different users on the same ride), and significantly cheaper fares
compared to taxis. In many instances, Uber cars come equipped with
water, candy, and magazines, all for free. Uber drivers are also better off
because they keep the majority of the fares for the rides that they
service, which is exactly the opposite case of taxi drivers, and they can

choose when they want to work. Clearly, this is a controversial case and
thus very apt for the examination for this discussion.
Keep in mind that a nation’s economic system is shaped by the laws that
are in place. Accordingly, laws (including state regulations and local
ordinances) will give you a clue for the kind of economic system that
exists.
Keep in mind also that most nations have mixed economies and there is
probably no economic system that purely represents socialism or
capitalism. So you will find a different combination of both socialism
and capitalism in any nation that you are examining.
Write: You have four tasks for your initial post. In order to present an
organized post, address each one of these tasks in a separate paragraph
and in the following order. Your first task is to articulate the economic
system (or combination of characteristics of both socialism and
capitalism) that such laws depict. Your second task is to examine the
laws that either support or limit the operations by Uber. Your third task
is to analyze how your findings from your first and second tasks affect
Uber. And your fourth task is to present your moral position with regard
to Uber. For this latter task, you will need to identify one of the three
ethical theories covered in the Week One (utilitarianism, deontology, or
virtue ethics) as support for the moral position that you are taking. For
example, you may hold the moral position that Uber is morally
justifiable because it provides a good for consumers that fills in a gap
that had not been met by the taxi industry. Or you may take the position
that Uber’s positioning in the market is morally wrong.
Revise: Read the feedback provided by your professor to your initial
post, either directly to you or to your fellow students. Use this as an
opportunity to learn from your professor, especially with regard to the
best ways to apply the course material and your research to your
analysis. On the basis of what you have learned in this process, post an
improved revision of your initial post that applies the additional
knowledge that you have gained.

you need to do well on the Final Project.
• Your initial post should be at least 400 words in length and have
==============================================

1. Question : In 2007, a defense contractor was found guilty for
working with a co-conspirator to submit bids with increased prices for a
bulletproof vest contract so that a particular company would win the
contract at a lower price. This is an example of
2. Question : In the late 1990s, Google, Yahoo, and MSN
purchased most of the existing search engines, such as Lycros and
Jeeves. Google now holds approximately a 90% share of the market.
This is an example of
3. Question : According to Karl Marx, history is the record of
4. Question : Antitrust acts such as the Sherman Antitrust Act
of 1980 were passed to protect against
5. Question : The idea that consumers buy luxury items without
considering the hard labor that went into making them is part of the
viewpoint of
6. Question : _________ claimed that if businesses were
allowed to follow their own self-interest, the economy of the country
would improve.
7. Question : One feature of a corporation is that it can
continue indefinitely beyond the lives of individual managers and
stockholders of the corporation. This is called
8. Question : When a company’s leaders have the illusion of
invulnerability that causes them to underestimate factors that lead to
failure, this is an example of:

9. Question : States have the authority to grant corporate
charters, which give permission for corporations to exist. When a state
decides to revoke a corporation’s charter because of some egregious
crime, this is called corporate
10. Question : Which of the following is not a business structure
recognized by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service?
11. Question : According to economist Milton Friedman
12. Question : You are a shareholder in a corporation that filed
bankruptcy. The liabilities will be more than the assets. What you will
be required to pay will be based on
1. Question : According to Karl Marx, history is the record of
2. Question : Which of the following statements is a criticism
of capitalism?
3. Question : In 2007, a defense contractor was found guilty for
working with a co-conspirator to submit bids with increased prices for a
bulletproof vest contract so that a particular company would win the
contract at a lower price. This is an example of

4. Question : In 2001, the government said it would sue to stop
the 4.3 billion dollar merger of American Airlines and U.S. Airways that
would create the world’s largest airline. The government was concerned
that the merger would create a(an) ____________ .
5. Question : One justification for government regulation of
commerce is to
6. Question : A few years ago, the Bolivian government leased
water rights in some of the country’s poor, drought-stricken regions to
private companies, including the U.S. engineering company Bechtel.
Shortly after Bechtel took control in one area, water prices tripled,
sparking protests. The privatization of water is an example of
7. Question : In 2010, the group United Students Against
Sweatshops campaigned against the Fruit of the Loom Company
because the company had closed a Honduras plant because it unionized.
The result was 1,200 lost jobs. The student campaign cost the company
$50 million in lost contracts with U.S. and British colleges. The
company eventually reopened the factory and paid $2.5 million in
compensation to the workers. This is an example of consumer
8. Question : One feature of a corporation is that it can
continue indefinitely beyond the lives of individual managers and
stockholders of the corporation. This is called
10. Question : Which of the following statements is true about
strategic misrepresentation?
11. Question : The Triple Bottom Line approach measures the
success of sustainable businesses in terms of

12. Question : The idea that corporations can be moral agents
holds that
1. Question : The viewpoint that business should be privately
controlled and not controlled by the government is a perspective of a
________ economy.
2. Question : After Superstorm Sandy hit New Jersey, some
businesses such as gasoline stations and car repair stores raised prices to
bring in windfall profits off desperate customers. This is an example of
price
3. Question : When competitors agree to maintain prices at a
certain level, this is called
4. Question : Welfare capitalism and _________ are more
modern versions of capitalism and socialism.
5. Question : One of the main ideas of The Communist
Manifesto is that the proletariat
6. Question : A few years ago, the Bolivian government leased
water rights in some of the country’s poor, drought-stricken regions to
private companies, including the U.S. engineering company Bechtel.

Shortly after Bechtel took control in one area, water prices tripled,
sparking protests. The privatization of water is an example of
7. Question : Which of the following is not a business structure
recognized by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service?
8. Question : One of the main advantages of a corporation is
9. Question : When a company pleads guilty to a crime and the
government orders it to publish an apology, that is an example of
11. Question : When two doctors decide to share office space for
their medical practices, they have formed a(an)
12. Question : Rehabilitation, retribution, and ________ are
reasons that society has for punishing individuals for crimes.
==============================================
PHI 445 Week 3 Assignment Case Analysis (Factory
Farming :Perdue Farms)

PHI 445 Week 3 Assignment Case Analysis: Case Studies: Lehman
Brothers, British Petroleum, Monsanto, Merck, Goodyear, Perdue Farms
In the Week Three Discussion, you selected a current business problem
from the following case categories:
· Banking
· Fuel and the Environment
· GMOs
· Factory Farming
· Pharmaceuticals
· Gender Discrimination
In this written assignment, you will present your work on the case
analysis using selected components of an argumentative essay as
described in Sections 9.1 and 9.2 of With Good Reason: A Guide to
Critical Thinking (Hardy, Foster, &Zúñiga y Postigo, 2015). This
written assignment will include a revised and polished version of your
discussion work, the presentation and support of two premises, and an
analysis of how your chosen ethical theory offers the best moral solution
to the business problem in your case analysis.
Using the components of the argumentative essay located in Sections 9.1
and 9.2 of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking (Hardy,
Foster, &Zúñiga y Postigo (2015), your assignment should include the
following:
An introduction. This is the ―Problem‖ portion of the essay that is
covered in Section 9.1: The Argumentative Essay (Hardy, Foster,
&Zúñiga y Postigo, 2015). This should be an improved version of the
introduction in your initial post, revised on the basis of your professor’s
feedback and additional research. In this introduction you will need to

(a) identify the specific issue or problem that you want to address and
give an impartial presentation of the controversy, (b) articulate briefly
the characteristics of the economic system that serves as the setting for
the business, and (c) examine the laws that affect the operations of the
business. The introduction should be one paragraph of around 200 words
in length.
A thesis. Start a new paragraph with a precise and clear sentence in
which you state your moral position with regard to the case that you
presented in your first paragraph. This is known as stating your thesis.
(See the ―Thesis‖ passage in ―The Argumentative Essay‖ in Hardy,
Foster, &Zúñiga y Postigo, 2015). The thesis you state here should be an
improved version of the thesis in your initial post in the discussion,
revised on the basis of your professor’s feedback and your reading of
―The Argumentative Essay‖ indicated above.
A thesis is only one sentence, so do not write a series of sentences, or a
complex sentence with explanatory clauses (e.g., ―because...‖ or
―since...‖ or ―according to Dr. Mary Expert, an economist with the
Bureau of Labor statistics...‖, or ―a law that was ratified with 80% votes
in favor...‖). An example of a precise and clear thesis is this: ―Factory
farms are not morally justifiable‖ or, of course, the opposite point of
view: ―Factory farms are morally justifiable.‖ Keep in mind that your
thesis in this assignment will be the basis for the argumentative essay of
the Week Five written assignment, so take your time when formulating
this thesis.
Ethical theory. In the same second paragraph as the thesis statement,
identify the ethical theory that supports your moral position. You may
choose from utilitarianism, duty ethics, or virtue ethics. Present the
characteristics of the ethical theory in a broad sketch, and include
citations and references in APA form. Then, apply your chosen ethical
theory by explaining how it lends itself to the moral position that you are
defending.

Two premises. Present at least two reasons in support of your thesis and
these should be presented in the form of a claim. These are called
premises. Articulate each premise in one clear and grammatically correct
sentence. Review Section 9.1 of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical
Thinking (Foster, Hardy, and Zúñiga y Postigo, 2015). Start a new
paragraph for each.
In the rest of the paragraph, support your premise by presenting an
analysis of how the ethical theory lends itself to the best solution. This
analysis includes articulating the characteristics(s) of the economic
system at work that support the claims in your premises. It also includes
examining the effects of the law(s) at work that also support the claims
in your premises.
Comparative analysis. In the final paragraph, analyze how this
application lends itself to a solution that is superior to that offered by
one of the ethical theories that you did not select. To do this, provide a
clear statement describing the moral solution offered by this other
theory. For example, if you chose utilitarianism to apply to your case,
then you can choose from either virtue ethics or deontology for your
comparative analysis. Explain in no more than three sentences what
moral solution would result from the application of this other ethical
theory. See the ―Sample Case Analysis‖ in the required reading for an
illustration of how this would look like. Finally, analyze the strengths of
the moral solution presented by your chosen ethical theory in ways that
demonstrate how it is superior to the moral solution offered by the other
ethical theory.
Once you receive your assignment back from your professor, start
working on revisions based on your professor’s feedback. This is the
first step in preparing your Final Project and the details are presented on
the Final Project’s prompt. You will benefit from starting your Final
Project as soon as you receive your assignment back from your
professor.
Requirements for Your Assignment:

· Your assignment should be 1000 words in length, excluding the
title page and reference page(s).
· Your examination should be both thorough and succinct. This is a
combination that demands time and
thought, so give yourself sufficient time to draft and revise.
· Your assignment should include citations, as well as a list of
references. Both must be in APA form.
· You should draw from the sources provided in your chosen case
category in the discussion this week.
· Also refer to Section 9.1: The Argumentative Essay and the
introduction to Section 9.2: Strengthening the Argumentative Essay
(intro only for the latter) from Hardy, J., Foster, C., &Zúñiga y Postigo,
G. (2015).
es.
==============================================
PHI 445 Week 3 Assignment Case Analysis (Gender
Discrimination: Goodyear)

G. (2015).
==============================================
PHI 445 Week 3 Assignment Case Analysis (GMOs:
Monsanto)

G. (2015).
==============================================
PHI 445 Week 3 Discussion Currrent Business Problems:
Case Studies: Lehman Brothers, British Petroleum,
Monsanto, Merck, Goodyear, Perdue Farms

This Tutorial contains 3 Responses
British Petroleum, Goodyear, Perdue Farms
PHI 445 Week 3 Discussion Currrent Business Problems: Case Studies:
Lehman Brothers, British Petroleum, Monsanto, Merck, Goodyear,
Perdue Farms
Prepare: In your first post in this discussion, you will identify and apply
one ethical theory of your choosing to a current problem in business,
also of your choosing. Start by reviewing your notes on the Week One
course material and your completed work for Week One. Then, choose
one of the three ethical theories—i.e., utilitarianism, deontology, or
virtue ethics—on the basis of your thoughtfully considered preference in
general and independent of the business problem that you will select
here. Keep in mind that you will employ this ethical theory for
supporting your position not only for this discussion, but also for this
week’s assignment and the Final Project.
To prepare for your selection of the current problem in business, look at
the list of required articles and multimedia which are divided in the six
case-categories as follows:
· Banking (Lehman Brothers)
· Environment (BP)
· GMOs (Monsanto)
· Pharmaceuticals (Merck)
· Gender Discrimination (Goodyear)
· Factory Farms (Perdue)

Choose the case-category that you find the most interesting and note that
each category also corresponds to one particular case. Please choose
carefully because your choice for this discussion will establish the case
that will be central to your argumentative essay this week as well as your
Final Project in Week Five. It is recommended that you leaf through all
the required resources indicated for the possible case-categories that you
identify as possible contenders before making your final choice.
Reflect: Once you have selected your ethical theory and your case
category, articulate the characteristics of the economic system (or
combination of both systems) that serves as the setting for the case
presented in the case category sources. Given this context, examine how
the nation’s laws affect the operations of the business.
Next, identify the characteristics of your chosen ethical theory and its
notion of the moral good. For the latter, you will need to review again
the PowerPoint that was introduced in Week One, which is also listed in
this week’s Required Resources and it is titled The Moral Good in Three
Traditional Ethical Theories. Then, think how you would apply the
ethical theory to the specific problem presented in the case category
sources.
Write: Start your post by (a) identifying the issue or problem that you
want to address in the case that you have selected and providing an
impartial presentation of the controversy, (b) articulating briefly the
characteristics of the economic system that serves as the setting, and (c)
examining the laws that affect the operations of the business.
The following illustration should help. Consider, for example, the case
of Uber that we examined in Week Two. If the California decision
establishes a precedent for similar claims, then Uber would have to do
business as an employer and not merely as a service that pairs
consumers with ride sharing services by means of a unique phone app.
Accordingly, the law would require Uber to reimburse its drivers for
certain costs and perhaps offer benefits. Take in consideration, then, the
legal setting for the case that you have chosen. Does the case take place

in the United States or another country? What are the laws that are
relevant to the problem under examination? Keep in mind that all laws
are constraints on our actions, whether those by individuals or
corporations. The relevant laws, then, will be (a) any laws that present
not only a constraint on the company’s operations, (b) any laws that
are being violated by the corporation, or (c) any laws that unfairly limit
the goods and services that can be offered to and are demanded by
consumers.
In a second paragraph, formulate a sentence that presents the moral
position that you want to defend in regard to the issue or problem
introduced in the previous paragraph.
In the same paragraph, present the ethical theory that you choose to
employ. Your choices are utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics,
and the necessary material is included in the required readings and
media. Make sure to identify the characteristics of the ethical theory, and
include in-text citations and full references in APA form at the end of
the post. Once you have done this, apply the ethical theory to your
selected case by explaining how it lends itself to the moral position that
you are defending.
==============================================
PHI 445 Week 4 Discussion The Effects of Business on
Consumers and the Environment: Case Study Perdue
Farms

PHI 445 Week 4 Discussion The Effects of Business on Consumers and
the Environment: Case Study: Perdue Farms
Prepare: In preparation for your first post in this discussion, you will
become familiar with the case of Perdue Farms by means of the material
listed under Required Resources (Generally). You will also find more
material under Required Resources (Per Subject Heading) because the
specific task for this discussion is to examine this case with an eye for
any one of the following four subject headings in business ethics: (1) the
environment, (2) advertising, (3) consumer safety and (4) moral
responsibility. You must select one of these subject headings and your
selection will be the specific focus of your work for your discussion.
Accordingly, you will be responsible to complete the readings and
videos listed under your chosen subject heading.
Reflect: If you choose the environment subject heading, reflect on the
sheer density of chickens raised at any given time in the Perdue
facilities. The disposal of their discarded remains and their processing
for distribution, either individually and most definitely together, pose a
number of environmental concerns.
If you choose the advertising subject heading, reflect on how the two
videos on Perdue farms present the sharp contrast between the way the
company presents its product and the way in which it has been
discovered to run its chicken farms. Consider whether this is an example
of failure to provide truth in advertising and how you would support
such a stance.
If you choose the consumer safety subject heading, reflect on the way in
which chickens raised in factory farms risks consumer safety. These
might include (a) bacterial contamination, (b) the effects of antibiotics

on the meat that is consumed, or (c) the release of adrenaline, cortisone,
and other chemicals resulting from the acute stress endured by factory
farm animals, which then becomes part of the meat that is later
consumed by humans.
If you choose the moral responsibility heading, reflect on the
stewardship role that may fall upon humans toward non-human animals.
Can we utilize them as mere means to an end (for entertainment,
companionship, or food)? Or do we have special obligations toward
them (e.g., not to mistreat or torture them and to slaughter them quickly
and without stress) because they are sentient beings?
Once you have completed the indicated readings and videos, reflect on
the ethical theories that we have covered in the discussions thus far and
identify one that you want to apply for your analysis in your discussion
post.
Also, reflect on the regulations (or lack thereof) in the factory farming
industry in order to be able to examine how our nation’s laws affect the
operations of the business. You will need to research the applicable laws
on the factory farming industry.
Finally, since Perdue Farms is an American corporation, reflect on the
mixed economic system in the United States in order to articulate the
setting for the operations of factory farming, and then, be able to analyze
the ethical actions of Perdue given this setting.
Write: In the first part of your initial post, you will need to introduce the
Perdue case within the particular subject heading that you have chosen.
In this introduction, you will also need to (1) articulate the relevant
characteristics of our mixed economic system and (2) present the
regulations for the factory farming industry. These will provide the
setting for you to be able to examine how the nation’s laws affect its
operations.

In the second part of your initial post, present your analysis of the
problem in a way that identifies which entities (Perdue as a corporation,
the economic system in the USA, the regulatory control of the state, or
all of these) have a role in the problem that you have presented. In your
analysis, you must assess the negative effects of the interplay between
business activity and one of the following: the environment, advertising,
consumer safety, or corporate social responsibility. Your focus must be
an ethical analysis of this interplay, and it must be well supported by
reliable and/or scholarly sources by clearly identifying the ethical theory
that you are applying in your analysis.
you need to do well on the Final Project.
· Your initial post should be at least 400 words in length and have

· Please be advised that until you post, you will not see what your
this discussion.
· Your list of references for your initial post should include the
videos and the other required reading material for this discussion, the
Instructor Guidance, and any other announcements presented to you by
your professor. List all the course material that informed your work in
the list of references and cite these too where appropriate. In addition,
your references should include any other sources that you consult to
inform yourself (but not Wikipedia or similar sources).
· Your initial post for this discussion should be submitted no later
than the end of Thursday (11:59 pm, U.S. Mountain time).
==============================================
PHI 445 Week 5 Discussion Discrimination Laws:
Advantages and Disadvantages for both Employees and
Business Case Study: Abercrombie & Fitch

PHI 445 Week 5 Discussion Discrimination Laws: Advantages and
Disadvantages for both Employees and Business Case Study:
Abercrombie & Fitch
Prepare: In your first post in this discussion, you will become familiar
with the case of Abercrombie & Fitch by means of the relevant material
in the Required Resources this week. There is also a specific media
feature located at the end of Section 5.3 of the textbook titled Workplace
Discrimination: Abercrombie & Fitch. In order to be prepared for this
task, you will need to complete the required readings and media listed.
Reflect: There are two sides to consider in the Abercrombie & Fitch
case. On the one hand, we have the job candidate’s side. She went to the
job interview wearing a hijab. The interviewer did not remark on the
hijab, and the candidate also did not volunteer that her religious beliefs
required her to wear a hijab. She was subsequently not hired based on
the perception that her appearance was incongruous with the company’s
look policy. For example, caps are not permitted and the male sales
associates (referred to as ―models‖ in the company’s corporate language)
are often shirtless and in sweatpants in order to create the mood at the
stores for the aesthetic for which Abercrombie & Fitch has become
known: young, preppy, and hormonally charged. When she was notified
that she was not hired for the position, she filed a complaint with the
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission that, in turn, filed a lawsuit
on her behalf alleging a violation of Title VII.
On the other hand, we have Abercrombie & Fitch’s side. As a company
doing business in the United States, Abercrombie & Fitch is legally
permitted to hire those employees who fit its look policy. This is no
different from the look requirements for the Dallas Cowboys
Cheerleaders, the Chicago Bulls, the New York City Ballet company, or
for jockeys hired by thoroughbred owners to race them at the Kentucky
Derby. In all of these cases, there are height, size, and other look
requirements for employment that are justified by the particular demands
and aesthetics of the position. She was found to be qualified for the job

but her dress was clearly in conflict with Abercrombie & Fitch’s look
policy. Yet, the job applicant knowingly sought employment at this
retailer.
According to the law, should a special accommodation be required due
to a religious practice, then Title VII dictates that the look requirements
give way to the religious requirement in order not to be considered an
act of religious discrimination.
The EEOC prevailed in the District Court, but this judgment was
reversed by the Tenth Circuit on the ground that failure-to-accommodate
liability only attaches when a job candidate provides the potential
employer with knowledge of the need for an accommodation due to
religious practice. Once it reached the Supreme Court, the decision was
made in favor of the job candidate. According to Justice Scalia,
Title VII does not demand mere neutrality with regard to religious
practices—that they be treated no worse than other practices. Rather, it
gives them favored treatment, affirmatively obligating employers not ―to
fail or refuse to hire or discharge any individual . . . because of such
individual’s‖ ―religious observance and practice.‖ An employer is surely
entitled to have, for example, a no headwear policy as an ordinary
matter. But when an applicant requires an accommodation as an
―aspec[t] of religious . . . practice,‖ it is no response that the subsequent
―fail[ure] . . . to hire‖ was due to an otherwise-neutral policy. Title VII
requires otherwise-neutral policies to give way to the need for an
accommodation.
The only dissenting opinion was that of Justice Thomas who wrote:
Mere application of a neutral policy cannot constitute ―intentional
discrimination.‖...I would hold that Abercrombie’s conduct did not
constitute ―intentional discrimination.‖ Abercrombie refused to create an
exception to its neutral Look Policy for Samantha Elauf ’s religious
practice of wearing a headscarf... In doing so, it did not treat religious
practices less favorably than similar secular practices, but instead

remained neutral with regard to religious practices...Resisting this
straightforward application of §1981a, the majority expands the meaning
of ―intentional discrimination‖ to include a refusal to give a religious
applicant ―favored treatment.‖...But contrary to the majority’s
assumption, this novel theory of discrimination is not commanded by the
relevant statutory text.
Write: In the first part of your initial post, you will need to introduce the
Abercrombie & Fitch lawsuit. In this introduction, you will also need to
(1) articulate the freedoms that companies in the United States enjoy
given our relatively-free market system and (2) present the Title VII
regulations concerning employment discrimination. These will provide
the setting for you to be able to examine how the nation’s laws affect the
hiring practices of Abercrombie & Fitch and other companies whose
hiring policy includes a particular aesthetic for employees.
In the second part of your initial post, present your analysis of this case
in a way that identifies which entities (Abercrombie & Fitch as a
corporation, the economic system in the USA, the regulatory control of
the state, or all of these) have a role in the problem that led to the lawsuit
under examination. In your analysis, you must assess the positive or
negative effects of the interplay between business activity and one of the
following: the free- market system, advertising, hiring regulations, or
corporate social responsibility. Your focus must be an ethical analysis of
this interplay. Be sure to clearly identify the ethical theory that you are
applying in your analysis, and to support your analysis by reliable and/or
scholarly sources.

revision.
· Your initial post should be at least 350 words in length and have
· Please be advised that until you post, you will not see what your
this discussion.
· Your list of references for your initial post should include not only
the video and the other required material for this discussion, as well as
the Instructor Guidance and any other announcements presented to you
by your professor. Use all of the material presented to you in the course
and by your professor, in addition to any other sources that you
consulted to inform yourself about this case (but not Wikipedia or
similar sources).
· Your initial post for this discussion should be submitted no later
than the end of Thursday (11:59 pm, U.S. Mountain time).
==============================================

PHI 445 Week 5 Final Project Argumentative Essay
(Factory Farming :Perdue Farms)
In the Week Three Assignment, you engaged in a case analysis of a
current business problem using some of the components of an
argumentative essay. In this written assignment, you will write a
complete argumentative essay as described in Sections 9.1 and 9.2
of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking(Foster, Hardy,
&Zúñiga y Postigo, 2015). This essay will include a revised and
polished version of your Week Three Assignment, an objection to your
thesis, a rebuttal, and concluding remarks. In order to benefit the most,
you should start working on your Final Project from the time you
receive your Week Three Assignment back with comments from your
professor.
Your assignment should include the following:
A revision of your Week Three Case Analysis Assignment. Your
revision should represent a substantial edit of your work that fully
incorporates feedback from your professor and goes well beyond
correcting any grammatical or APA errors.
The strongest possible objection to your thesis. After the final paragraph
of your Week Three Case Analysis Assignment, start a new paragraph
that introduces the strongest possible objection to your thesis. The
considerations for this are detailed in Section 9.2 of With Good Reason:

A Guide to Critical Thinking (Hardy, Foster, &Zúñiga y Postigo, 2015).
Make sure to employ the appropriate language to introduce the
objection, such as ―some may object to my thesis as follows‖ or
―according to [so and so] the thesis presented here fails to account for
X‖ [whatever he or she finds problematic]. You can find other language
to do this, of course, but the key point here is to make sure that you
indicate that someone else is speaking when presenting this objection.
It is also important to remember that you do research to discover good
objections and not merely objections that are weak and thus easily
rebutted. Look for peer-reviewed journal articles in the Ashford
University Library, full- text articles in Google Scholar, or articles in the
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Present the opposing position
fairly and in detail. This may take more than one paragraph.
A rebuttal. This is a refutation of the objection that you have just
presented. Start this in a new paragraph following the objection
paragraph(s). Once again, follow the indications of Section 9.2 of With
Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking (Hardy, Foster, &Zúñiga y
Postigo, 2015). You may point out an error in the objection. Or you may
show that, while it is an important objection, it does not apply squarely
to your argument, or does not account for facts that make it irrelevant.
Above all, make sure to maintain philosophical decorum in your
rebuttal. Toward this end, you should apply the principles of charity and
of accuracy, first introduced in the Week One course material. See
―Confronting Disagreement‖ in Section 9.4 ofWith Good Reason: A
Guide to Critical Thinking (Hardy, Foster, &Zúñiga y Postigo, 2015).
Closing remarks. End your argumentative essay with a paragraph of
closing remarks. Provide some reflections of what you have attempted to
achieve by means of your essay. You could, for example, explain how
your essay sheds light on the broader controversy that it addresses. Or
you could point out how your essay addresses a frequently ignored point
or the unpopular side in the controversy. You could also reflect on the
related matters in the broader controversy that would be useful to

examine by others. Do not merely summarize what you have done in the
body of your essay, and do not add new information here that would
support or contradict your essay since the body of your essay should
have addressed all the relevant points. See ―Closing Your Essay‖ in
Section 9.2 of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking (Hardy,
Foster, &Zúñiga y Postigo (2015).
Requirements for your Assignment:
· Your assignment should be between 1500 to 1700 words in
length, excluding the cover and references
pages.
· Your references should include at least four peer-reviewed articles
in addition to those that you will
be carrying over from our Week Three Case Analysis
Assignment. These references should be drawn
from the Ashford University Library, Google Scholar, or the Stanford
Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
· Your assignment should be submitted no later than the end of
Monday (midnight, U.S. Mountain
time).

==============================================
(Gender Discrimination: Goodyear)
professor.

pages.
time).

==============================================
(GMOs: Monsanto)
professor.

pages.

time).
==============================================

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