Direction is a management function performed by top-level officers to influence subordinates' actions. It involves issuing instructions using various techniques like consultation, autonomy, or an autocratic approach. Effective direction follows principles such as having a unified command structure, maximizing individual contributions, providing feedback, and ensuring objectives are in harmony. Managers direct by issuing clear, reasonable orders that motivate compliance and help achieve organizational goals.

1. Directing in Management –
Principles and Techniques
1

2. Objectives
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• Haveknowledge about Direction andits
principles.
• Learnabout issuingorders &characteristicsof
good order.
• Knowabout the importance andfunctions
characteristicsofgood order.
• Understand techniques of direction.

3. Introduction
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• Direction ismanagementfunction performed
bythe top levelofficersof management.
• Direction ismanagement function performed
bythe top levelofficersof management.
• Everymanagergivesdirection to his
subordinates.

4. Definition
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• Haimann: Thedirection isthe process&
techniques involvedin issuing instructions.
• KoontzandO’Donnel: Thedirection isthe
Interpersonal aspectof managing
• J.LMassie:Thedirection ismanageris
influencedthe actions to his subordinates

5. Principles of Direction
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• Harmony of objectives
• Maximumindividual contribution
• Unit ofdirection or command
• Efficiency
• Direct supervision

6. Principles of Direction
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• Feedback information
• Effective Communication
• Appropriateness ofdirection technique
• Efficient control
• Comprehension
• Follow through

7. Issuing orders
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• Anorder isusedbymanagementasatool for
direction.
• Anorder canbe issuedonlybya supervisor.
• Thesupervisorhasright to enforce hisorders
over his subordinates.

8. Characteristics of a
good order
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• Reasonable&enforceable
• Aclearly definedorder shouldbe easily
understandable
• Complete in all respect.
• Exhort willingness&acceptance by
subordinate.
• Awritten order ispreferred to anoral order.
• Theorder shouldspecify time
• An order shouldbeintellectual

9. Techniques of
Direction
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• Consultative
• Free rein
• Autocratic

10. Importance of
Direction
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• Thedirection initiates action.
• Co-ordinates group effort
• Ensuresmaximumindividual contribution
• Reducesreluctance to put up with changesin
organization
• Providesstability and balance.
• Helpsto achieve objectives

11. Characteristics of
Direction
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• One ofmanagerial function
• Managementinitiates actionthrough direction.
• Direction iscontinuousthroughout lifecycleof
organization .
• Thesubordinates directed by superiors.
• Subordinates do the thingsasper original plan.
• Direction creates linkbetween preparatory &
control functions.

12. Summary
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• Direction ismanagementfunction performed
bythe top levelofficersof management.
• Direction istelling people what to do and
seeingthat they do it.
• Theprinciplesofdirections isUnit of
direction, Feedbackinformation &harmonyof
objectives