Directing involves giving guidance and instructions to subordinates to implement plans and policies. It is a complex function that encourages effective and efficient work. Some key characteristics of directing are that it is important for management, deals with guiding people, helps achieve coordination, and motivates staff to achieve goals. Effective directing relies on principles like unity of command, direct supervision, and good communication. Techniques for directing include issuing orders, supervision, leadership, motivation, communication, and coordination.

1. DIRECTING/LEADING
-BINCY.V.KURUVILLA
TUTOR ,SON

2. INTRODUCTION
 Direction means giving the order to start the
operation for the implementations of a policy or
plan.
 It is the managerial effort to provide necessary
guidance and instructions for carrying out the
order given, and the removal of any doubts or
difficulties which any arise in the course of
execution or implementation.

3. DEFINITION
 “Direction is a complex function that included all
those activities which are designed to encourage
subordinates to work effectively and efficiently
in both short and long run”.
 Koontz and o’Donnell

4. CHARACTERISTICS OF DIRECTING
 Important and essence of management.
 Direction deals exclusively guiding and managing
people.
 Helps in achieving coordination among various
operations of the enterprise.
 The purpose of planning, organizing & staffing is
achieved only after the performance of directing
function.
 It exist at every level, location and operation throughout
the enterprise.
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5. Contd.
 Directing is a continuing activity.
 Direction stimulate the organization and staff to execute the
plans for achieving the desired actions and results. Hence it
is management in action.
 It motivates, commands, supervised and control the staff and
organization.
 It provides necessary leadership in the organization.
 Helps to gain cooperation of all employees to meet the
objectives and goals of the organization.

6. PRINCIPLES
1. HARMONY OF OBJECTIVES: Goals of employees should be identical
with the organizational goals
2. UNITY OF COMMANDS: A subordinate should receive orders and
instructions from one superior only.
3. DIRECT SUPERVISION: Every superior must maintain face to face or
direct contact with his subordinates which will improve the motivation and
morale of employees.
4. MANAGERIAL COMMUNICATION: Proper two way transparent
communication should be with the manger and the subordinates to avoid
confusions..
5. INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTION: Each individual in the organisation
should contribution in the best possible way to achieve organizational
objectives.

7. Contd…
6. STRATEGIC USE OF INFORMAL ORGANIZATION:
Managers should understand, accept, and use the informal groups to
supplement and support the formal organization.
7. EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP: A manger should possess the
qualities of a good leader.
8. APPROPRIATE TECHNIQUES: The techniques used for
direction should be appropriate to the people, the task and the
situation.
9. EFFICIENT MOTIVATION: If subordinates are motivated they
will willingly and wholeheartedly work for the organization.
10. FOLLOW THROUGH: Direction is a continuous process. All
directions should be timely followed up for efficient results.

8. TECHNIQUES
 Issuing orders and instructions.
 Supervising properly to ensure subordinates to work according to
organizational plans.
 Motivating subordinates to accomplish the task given
wholeheartedly.
 Providing able leadership to guide and counsel subordinates.
 Developing mutual understanding and teamwork through proper
communication.
 Maintaining discipline and rewarding effective people.

9. ISSUING ORDERS IN DIRECTION
 The issuing orders and instructions are essential steps in the process of directing
subordinates.
 Characteristics of good orders:
• Clear and complete order which can be easily understood by the subordinates.
• Order should be reasonable and attainable.
• The order should incorporate the objectives of the organisation as well as the interest of
subordinates.
• Order should be appropriately worded and not be offensive to anyone.
• The time limit within which an order should be carried out and accomplished.

10. Contd…
• All orders should follow the chain of command.
• Face to face suggestions are preferable to long distance
orders.
• Right attitude and habit should be created in advance in
caring out an order.
• An order should be depersonalized and made an integral
part of a given situation.
• The order should be followed up constantly and the
suggestions of the subordinates should also be
considered.

11. ELEMENTS OF DIRECTION
Elements
of
direction
Delegation
supervision
leadership
motivation
communication
coordination
C

12. • Contd…
 DELEGATION: It is a process by which a manager assigns specific tasks or
duties to subordinates with commensurate authority to perform the job.
 SUPERVISION: Through supervision the subordinates are observed and
guided to achieve maximum output by the immediate superiors.
 LEADERSHIP: It influences the thoughts and action of others to attain the
desired objectives.
 COMMUNICATION: Communication is the basic element of human
interaction. Proper two way communication will ensure better relations and
harmony among all levels of employees in an organization.
 COORDINATION: It is the synchronization of all individual efforts of the
employees to attain a common objective of the organization.

13. Directing is really exciting. In the end, it’s more fun to be the
painter than the paint.
-George Clooney