Diabetes Risk Factors
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Provides information on diabetes risk factors that is what are the factors that increase the chances of having diabetes. Once we know these in detail it helps to avoid the chances of having diabetes in our life.
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- Insulin action profiles, indications for insulin use, administration techniques using vials, syringes and pens, and common insulin regimens for type 2 diabetes including once or twice daily basal insulin +/- mealtime insulin or premixed insulin.
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This document discusses basics of insulin therapy including:
- The discovery of insulin in the 1920s and types of insulin including basal, mealtime, premixed, and newer combinations.
- Insulin action profiles, indications for insulin use, administration techniques using vials, syringes and pens, and common insulin regimens for type 2 diabetes including once or twice daily basal insulin +/- mealtime insulin or premixed insulin.
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This document provides an overview of diabetes, including:
- Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion or action.
- India has over 63 million people with diabetes, the second highest number in the world.
- There are three main types of diabetes - type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes.
- Diabetes is diagnosed through fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and oral glucose tolerance tests.
- Treatment involves lifestyle changes like diet and exercise as well as oral medications and insulin for blood glucose control.
- Chronic complications of diabetes can impact the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart and blood vessels if not properly managed.
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Management of congenital nephrotic syndrome
Diabetes Mellitus
Based on the information provided:
- Betty should receive her usual Lantus dose as scheduled since it is a basal insulin that works continuously to control her blood sugar throughout the day and night. Missing the dose could lead to hyperglycemia.
- She should not receive any Humulin R (regular insulin) since she is NPO for surgery and regular insulin requires food to avoid hypoglycemia.
- She may receive her usual Humalog dose if her blood sugar is elevated, as Humalog is a rapid-acting insulin used to control post-meal blood sugars. However, since her current blood sugar of 130mg/dL is in a reasonable range, the Humalog dose can be held until after her surgery when she
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- Mrs. Is has type 2 diabetes for 12 years and is on lifestyle management and 3 oral antidiabetic drugs. Her recent HbA1c is 9.6%. She needs intensification of her treatment as her blood glucose levels are not controlled. Given her reluctance to follow lifestyle changes and high HbA1c, starting basal insulin is recommended.
- Mr. Lp has type 2 diabetes for 8 years and is on glimepiride and metformin but is irregular with treatment. His HbA1c is 8.8% and he cannot make lifestyle changes. Given his poor control and non-adherence, switching him to basal insulin will provide better glucose control.
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Complications of diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders where there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells not responding properly to insulin. The main types are type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. Type 1 is caused by autoimmune destruction of beta cells and requires insulin treatment. Type 2 comprises 80% of cases and begins with insulin resistance. Gestational diabetes occurs in pregnant women. Acute complications include ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, and the hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome. Late complications involve damage to small and large blood vessels leading to numerous health issues. Treatment focuses on managing blood sugar levels and complications through
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TYPES OF DIABETES MELLITUS
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Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. There are two major types: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Insulin is secreted by pancreatic beta cells and helps regulate blood sugar levels. It is essential for treating IDDM and sometimes needed for NIDDM. Oral hypoglycemic drugs like sulfonylureas and thiazolidinediones are also used to treat NIDDM by stimulating insulin secretion or improving insulin sensitivity. Both insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs can cause hypoglycemia as an adverse reaction if not used properly.
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This document discusses insulin management for type 1 diabetes mellitus. It provides information on diabetic ketoacidosis, goals of treatment, criteria for diabetes diagnosis, the treatment team, intensive insulin therapy including different insulin preparations and regimens, goals for blood sugar and HbA1c levels, and home blood glucose monitoring. The standard treatment involves multiple daily insulin injections or insulin pump therapy to closely mimic normal insulin secretion and intensive education to allow patients to lead normal lives.
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This document provides information from a diabetes education course about monitoring diabetes. It discusses the importance of checking blood glucose levels and hemoglobin A1c. Target levels are listed for before meals, bedtime, and A1c. Signs and treatment of high and low blood sugar are covered. Sample blood glucose logs and factors that affect blood sugar are also reviewed.
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This document discusses diabetes mellitus, including its diagnosis, types, complications, management, and treatment. It defines diabetes as a chronic disorder resulting from insulin deficiency or abnormal insulin function. There are three main types - type 1 caused by autoimmune destruction of beta cells, type 2 often associated with obesity and aging, and gestational diabetes during pregnancy. Complications arise from long-term hyperglycemia and include damage to various organs. Management involves dietary changes, physical activity, medication including insulin when needed, and treating complications.
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Diabetes is a chronic condition where the body either produces too little insulin or cannot efficiently use the insulin it produces. Insulin is a hormone that helps the body use digested food for energy. There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 where the body does not produce insulin and type 2 where the body does not properly use insulin. Treatments for diabetes include monitoring blood sugar levels, taking insulin injections or using an insulin pump, eating a balanced diet, and regular medical checkups. Uncontrolled diabetes can damage vision, nerves, and organs but following treatments can help diabetics live normal lives.
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This document provides an overview of diabetes, including:
- Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion or action.
- India has over 63 million people with diabetes, the second highest number in the world.
- There are three main types of diabetes - type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes.
- Diabetes is diagnosed through fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and oral glucose tolerance tests.
- Treatment involves lifestyle changes like diet and exercise as well as oral medications and insulin for blood glucose control.
- Chronic complications of diabetes can impact the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart and blood vessels if not properly managed.
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Objectives
To briefly review the definition & etiology of nephroticsyndrome.
To understand the terminology pertaining to clinical course of nephroticsyndrome.
To understand the management of nephroticsyndrome:Specific management & Supportive care and management of complications
Management of congenital nephrotic syndrome
Diabetes Mellitus
Based on the information provided:
- Betty should receive her usual Lantus dose as scheduled since it is a basal insulin that works continuously to control her blood sugar throughout the day and night. Missing the dose could lead to hyperglycemia.
- She should not receive any Humulin R (regular insulin) since she is NPO for surgery and regular insulin requires food to avoid hypoglycemia.
- She may receive her usual Humalog dose if her blood sugar is elevated, as Humalog is a rapid-acting insulin used to control post-meal blood sugars. However, since her current blood sugar of 130mg/dL is in a reasonable range, the Humalog dose can be held until after her surgery when she
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This document provides an overview of diabetes mellitus (DM). It defines DM as a chronic condition characterized by high blood glucose levels due to defects in insulin production or action. The document discusses the causes, risk factors, types (type 1, type 2, gestational, pre-diabetes), symptoms, complications, trends, and management of DM, including through prevention, treatment, nutrition, medication, exercise, and blood glucose monitoring. It also provides details on insulin action and the differences between type 1 and type 2 DM.
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- Mrs. Is has type 2 diabetes for 12 years and is on lifestyle management and 3 oral antidiabetic drugs. Her recent HbA1c is 9.6%. She needs intensification of her treatment as her blood glucose levels are not controlled. Given her reluctance to follow lifestyle changes and high HbA1c, starting basal insulin is recommended.
- Mr. Lp has type 2 diabetes for 8 years and is on glimepiride and metformin but is irregular with treatment. His HbA1c is 8.8% and he cannot make lifestyle changes. Given his poor control and non-adherence, switching him to basal insulin will provide better glucose control.
- Mr. Rk has
Diabetes mellitus with complication
This document defines and describes various types of diabetes. It begins by defining diabetes mellitus as a chronic disease related to abnormal insulin production or utilization. The two most common types are type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes results from autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells and requires lifelong insulin treatment. Type 2 diabetes is caused by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency and accounts for over 90% of diabetes cases. Other types discussed include gestational diabetes and secondary/prediabetes. The document provides detailed information on the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of the different diabetes types.
Insulin
Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes mellitus involves lifelong insulin administration. Insulin is produced in the pancreas and regulates blood glucose levels. Type 1 diabetes results from autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells leading to complete insulin deficiency. Various insulin preparations have been developed with differing durations of action to mimic normal insulin secretion. Treatment involves calculating total daily insulin dose and dividing into short and long-acting insulins administered multiple times daily. Adverse effects and methods to overcome insulin resistance are also discussed.
Types of insulin
This document discusses different types of insulin, including rapid-acting, long-acting, and premixed analogs. Rapid-acting analogs like insulin lispro and insulin aspart have a faster onset and shorter duration than regular human insulin. Long-acting analogs such as insulin glargine, insulin detemir and insulin degludec are designed to provide basal insulin levels for 24 hours or more with less variability than NPH insulin. Premixed analogs contain both rapid- and long-acting components. The document also briefly mentions new methods of insulin delivery under development.
Complications of diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders where there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells not responding properly to insulin. The main types are type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. Type 1 is caused by autoimmune destruction of beta cells and requires insulin treatment. Type 2 comprises 80% of cases and begins with insulin resistance. Gestational diabetes occurs in pregnant women. Acute complications include ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, and the hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome. Late complications involve damage to small and large blood vessels leading to numerous health issues. Treatment focuses on managing blood sugar levels and complications through
Diabetes mellitus -INTRODUCTION,TYPES OF DIABETES MELLITUS
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF DIABETES MELLITUS
DIAGNOSE TEST FOR DIABETES MELLITUS
MECHANISM OF ACTION OF INSULIN (IDDM)
HERBAL DRUG TREATMENT FOR DIABETES
LIFESTYLE FOR TYPE 1 AND TYPE 2 DM
NEW ANTI DIABETIC DRUGS
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Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood glucose levels resulting from defects in insulin production or insulin action. There are several types of diabetes including type 1, type 2, gestational diabetes, and other rare forms. The long-term complications of diabetes include damage to various organs such as the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and heart. Prediabetes is a condition where blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes. Lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise have been shown to prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes in those with prediabetes.
Insulin
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. There are two major types: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Insulin is secreted by pancreatic beta cells and helps regulate blood sugar levels. It is essential for treating IDDM and sometimes needed for NIDDM. Oral hypoglycemic drugs like sulfonylureas and thiazolidinediones are also used to treat NIDDM by stimulating insulin secretion or improving insulin sensitivity. Both insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs can cause hypoglycemia as an adverse reaction if not used properly.
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This document discusses insulin management for type 1 diabetes mellitus. It provides information on diabetic ketoacidosis, goals of treatment, criteria for diabetes diagnosis, the treatment team, intensive insulin therapy including different insulin preparations and regimens, goals for blood sugar and HbA1c levels, and home blood glucose monitoring. The standard treatment involves multiple daily insulin injections or insulin pump therapy to closely mimic normal insulin secretion and intensive education to allow patients to lead normal lives.
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Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels resulting from defects in insulin secretion and insulin action. The document provides an overview of type 2 diabetes, including its causes, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management through diet, exercise and oral hypoglycemic agents. It also discusses the classification, epidemiology and complications of diabetes as well as the role of insulin and pancreatic function in glucose homeostasis.
Diabetes Self Management
This document provides information from a diabetes education course about monitoring diabetes. It discusses the importance of checking blood glucose levels and hemoglobin A1c. Target levels are listed for before meals, bedtime, and A1c. Signs and treatment of high and low blood sugar are covered. Sample blood glucose logs and factors that affect blood sugar are also reviewed.
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This document discusses diabetes mellitus, including its diagnosis, types, complications, management, and treatment. It defines diabetes as a chronic disorder resulting from insulin deficiency or abnormal insulin function. There are three main types - type 1 caused by autoimmune destruction of beta cells, type 2 often associated with obesity and aging, and gestational diabetes during pregnancy. Complications arise from long-term hyperglycemia and include damage to various organs. Management involves dietary changes, physical activity, medication including insulin when needed, and treating complications.
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Diabetes is a chronic condition where the body either produces too little insulin or cannot efficiently use the insulin it produces. Insulin is a hormone that helps the body use digested food for energy. There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 where the body does not produce insulin and type 2 where the body does not properly use insulin. Treatments for diabetes include monitoring blood sugar levels, taking insulin injections or using an insulin pump, eating a balanced diet, and regular medical checkups. Uncontrolled diabetes can damage vision, nerves, and organs but following treatments can help diabetics live normal lives.
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- Diabetes is a disorder where the body cannot properly process glucose due to either not producing insulin (Type 1) or cells not responding to insulin (Type 2). Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy.
- Symptoms vary but include increased thirst, hunger, urination and fatigue. Treatment involves monitoring blood sugar levels, nutrition, exercise and potentially insulin injections.
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This document provides information about diabetes, including the different types, symptoms, causes, treatment, and complications. It discusses how diabetes occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or the cells do not respond properly to insulin. The main types are type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. Treatment focuses on diet, exercise, weight control, and insulin as needed. Complications can include eye, foot, heart and kidney problems if diabetes is not well managed. Ways to support diabetes prevention and management in schools are also outlined.
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There are four main types of diabetes: type 1, type 2, gestational diabetes, and pre-diabetes. Type 1 is usually diagnosed in childhood and requires daily insulin injections. Type 2 is the most common type and is often linked to obesity. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy, and pre-diabetes means blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as type 1 or 2. Common symptoms of diabetes include frequent urination, thirst, hunger, and fatigue. Testing involves fasting plasma glucose tests and oral glucose tolerance tests. Managing diabetes involves diet, exercise, medication and monitoring blood sugar levels. Long-term complications can affect the heart, kidneys, eyes, nerves and skin if diabetes is
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ADVANCED DIETETICS
Here are brief notes on the three blood sugar test methods as requested:
Fasting Blood Sugar Test
- Measures blood glucose level after fasting for 8 hours or overnight
- Normal range is 70-100 mg/dL
- Indicates average blood sugar control over past days/weeks
Postprandial Blood Sugar Test
- Measures blood sugar 1-2 hours after start of a meal
- Checks for rise in blood sugar after eating
- Normal range is less than 140 mg/dL
- Reflects how body responds to food
HbA1c Test
- Measures average blood sugar levels over past 2-3 months
- Reflects long-term blood sugar control
-
Aes ebook reviews #diabetes
This document summarizes several articles about diabetes, its symptoms, types, causes, and treatment. It discusses that diabetes occurs when blood sugar levels are too high due to the body not producing enough insulin or being unable to use insulin properly. The main types of diabetes are type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes during pregnancy. Symptoms include extreme hunger, thirst, weight loss, frequent urination, and blurred vision. Treatment involves monitoring blood sugar levels, eating a healthy diet, exercising, and potentially taking insulin or oral medication. The articles provide tips for managing diabetes through diet, exercise, testing blood sugar levels, and seeing a doctor regularly.
Diabetes
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose due to defective insulin production or action. There are two main types - type 1 involves little insulin production requiring injections, while type 2 involves ineffective insulin typically affecting overweight adults. Diabetes prevalence is increasing worldwide including 9.3% of Americans and 7.1% of Indians, with complications including damage to eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels if not controlled. Diagnosis involves tests of blood glucose levels after fasting and meals.
Diabetes.pdf
Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels resulting from inadequate insulin production or cells not responding properly to insulin. The main types are type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is where the body does not produce insulin and affects approximately 10% of cases, while type 2 diabetes is where the body does not produce enough insulin or cells do not respond properly, accounting for around 90% of cases worldwide. Gestational diabetes occurs in females during pregnancy. Diabetes is diagnosed through A1C, fasting plasma glucose, and oral glucose tolerance tests and treated through lifestyle changes like diet and exercise or medication and insulin depending on the type.
Diabetes 140602000933-phpapp02
This document provides information about diabetes, including:
- The different types of diabetes (type 1, type 2, gestational) and their causes and symptoms.
- How diabetes is diagnosed through blood tests.
- Treatment focuses on diet, exercise, and medication/insulin as needed.
- Risk factors include family history, age, weight, and lifestyle factors like diet and exercise.
- Complications if diabetes is poorly controlled can include eye, foot, heart, and kidney problems.
- Schools can help by providing education on healthy eating/lifestyles and controlling food options.
Diabetes
This document provides information about diabetes, including:
- The different types of diabetes (type 1, type 2, gestational) and their causes and symptoms.
- How diabetes is diagnosed through blood tests.
- Treatment focuses on diet, exercise, and medication/insulin as needed.
- Complications if diabetes is poorly controlled can include eye, foot, heart and kidney problems.
- Schools can help by providing education on healthy eating/exercise and controlling food in cafeterias.
- Various myths about what people with diabetes can and cannot eat are addressed.
Stop Diabetes-Children.ppt
The document discusses diabetes mellitus (DM) in children. It covers the types and causes of diabetes in children, symptoms, long-term complications, management through medication, diet, exercise, yoga practices, and the importance of controlling blood sugar levels.
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Diabetes Risk Factors
- 1. Diabetes risk factors Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease, which on long run can affect the entire body. Diabetes is caused by having too much glucose or sugar in the blood. Glucose metabolism Carbohydrate is broken down in stomach and glucose is separated by the small intestine and realized in to the blood stream. On seeing the level of glucose in blood pancreas will release certain quantity of insulin with respect to the level of glucose in blood. Glucose is start consumed by the body once insulin is secreted by pancreas into the blood stream. After glucose consumption, the excess of glucose is stored in the liver by converting glucose into glucogen. If no food consumed for certain period of time, then there will be shortage of glucose in blood. Low glucose level means low level of insulin in blood, on seeing this liver convert stored glucogen into glucose and realized into the blood stream to maintain blood glucose level. Human Insulin hormone The above said all glucose related conversions are controlled by insulin secreted by the pancreas. Insulin is a hormone and it is the controlling or commenting signal that controls carbohydrate metabolism and helps to maintain normal blood glucose level in blood. Diabetes If there is any shortage of insulin secretion or improper utilization (insulin resistance) of insulin leads to increased blood glucose level in blood called as diabetes.
- 2. Diabetes risk factors Some of the factors can increases the chances of having diabetes called as diabetes risk factors. Some of the risk factors of diabetes are: Obesity – being over weight or obese can increases the chances of insulin resistance that in-turn leads to high blood glucose level called diabetes. Sedentary life – Certain amount of physical activity is a must for the body to perform well. But today’s sedentary life isolates us from any physical activity that leads to obesity or over weight. Also low physical activity increases the blood glucose level because of low utilization (burning of glucose). Family history of diabetes – If mother had diabetes then there are chances to have diabetes, if father had diabetes then chances to have diabetes is more and if both father and mother had diabetes then chances to have diabetes is much more. Gestational diabetes – If a mother had gestational diabetes during pregnancy then there are more chances of having diabetes for both the mother and the baby in the age advances. If you are at high risk of having diabetes then one most important step to limit the chances of having diabetes is Increased physical activity Loss body weight If both these things are achieved then diabetes can be avoided or at-least can be postponed. Follow author’s links for detail information on diabetes symptoms, diabetes causes, diabetes risk factors, carbohydrate metabolism, diabetes organs, diabetes diagnosis test, diabetes help, hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis and diabetes lifestyle changes or diabetes care. Also browse through the site for detailed diabetes information and its treatment by conventional medicine (diabetes medication & Insulin diabetes treatment) and natural diabetes treatments. If diabetes is not treated properly then in long run may cause many diabetes complications.