Diabetes mellitus ppt
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This document discusses diabetes mellitus (DM). It defines DM and describes the three main types: type 1 DM, type 2 DM, and gestational DM. It lists the signs and symptoms of DM and risk factors. It also outlines complications of DM and the process for diagnosis and assessment of diabetic clients. Finally, it details the clinical, public health, and managerial roles of community health officers in managing DM at the healthcare level.
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The document summarizes the management of diabetes mellitus. It discusses the types and pathophysiology of diabetes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment goals, and management of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Recent advances discussed include new insulin regimens, hypoglycemic drugs for type 1 diabetes, and combination drug therapies for type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes mellitus- Easy explanation for Nurses
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my students were priviledged coz they were the 1st one who used this, and learned from it. I hope u do too. God bless.
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2) Shock progresses through initial, compensatory, progressive, and irreversible stages and can be caused by hypovolemia, heart problems, neurologic issues, sepsis, or allergic reactions.
3) Nursing management of shock involves rapid assessment of circulation, breathing, level of consciousness and skin signs; providing immediate care like oxygen, IV fluids, medications; and identifying and treating the underlying cause.
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This document provides an overview of the physical examination process. It defines physical examination as the systematic collection of objective health information through observation and examination techniques. The purposes of physical examination are then outlined, which include understanding a client's physical and mental well-being, detecting diseases early, and determining treatment needs. The four basic examination techniques - inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation - are then described at a high level. The document concludes by outlining the process for a general head-to-toe examination.
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3. After dialysis, nurses check medications, apply a pressure dressing, monitor for hypotension, reinforce diet/fluid instructions, and schedule the next treatment. Care of vascular access sites, including catheters and fistulas/grafts, is also reviewed.
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2) Shock progresses through initial, compensatory, progressive, and irreversible stages and can be caused by hypovolemia, heart problems, neurologic issues, sepsis, or allergic reactions.
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fluid and electrolyte imbalance
Fluid and electrolyte imbalances can occur when fluid intake and output are not equal. Hypovolemia is a decreased fluid volume, while hypervolemia is an increased fluid volume. Symptoms of hypovolemia include thirst, low blood pressure, and decreased skin turgor. Treatment involves oral or IV fluid replacement depending on severity. Hypernatremia is a high serum sodium level over 145 mEq/L usually due to too much sodium or too little water. It can cause neurological symptoms and death. Treatment focuses on lowering the sodium level through infusion of hypotonic fluids and use of diuretics.
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Intensive insulin therapy is best defined as a comprehensive system of diabetes management with the patient and management team as partners. The system is directed at improvement of glycemia and patient well-being.
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This document presents information on complications, management, and treatment of diabetes mellitus. It defines diabetes as a group of metabolic diseases involving high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production or cells not responding to insulin. It discusses the types and classifications of diabetes, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, acute and chronic complications, and current pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment approaches including insulin, oral hypoglycemic agents, lifestyle changes, and education. The goal of diabetes management is to eliminate hyperglycemia symptoms, reduce complications, and allow patients to live as normal a lifestyle as possible.
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This document discusses fluid and electrolyte imbalances. It begins by explaining that water makes up 60% of the adult body weight and is divided between intracellular and extracellular fluid. The five major types of fluid imbalances are then defined as extracellular fluid volume deficit, intracellular fluid volume deficit, extracellular fluid volume excess, intracellular fluid volume excess, and extracellular fluid volume shift. Causes, signs and symptoms, and treatment approaches are provided for each type of imbalance. Common electrolyte imbalances like hyponatremia, hypernatremia, and hypokalemia are also explained.
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This document defines and describes diabetes mellitus. There are three main types: type 1 diabetes where the body does not produce insulin; type 2 diabetes where cells do not respond to insulin properly or the pancreas does not produce enough; and gestational diabetes during pregnancy. Risk factors include heredity, obesity, and old age. Clinical manifestations include increased urination, thirst, and hunger as well as long-term issues like vision changes and infections. Diagnosis involves medical history, exams, and blood glucose tests. Treatment involves insulin, oral medications, diet, exercise, and education to manage the disease and prevent complications.
fluid and electrolyte imbalance
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Insulin therapy
Intensive insulin therapy is best defined as a comprehensive system of diabetes management with the patient and management team as partners. The system is directed at improvement of glycemia and patient well-being.
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This document provides information on the medical management of diabetes mellitus (DM), including dietary management, exercise, self-monitoring of blood glucose, foot care, and pharmacological management. The main goals of medical management are to achieve euglycemia and prevent complications through individualized treatment plans involving diet, exercise, medication including oral hypoglycemics and various types of insulin, and regular monitoring. Dietary management focuses on proper carbohydrate, protein, and fat intake to control blood glucose levels. Exercise is recommended for its benefits, but rules must be followed to prevent hypoglycemia.
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Dka
Diabetic ketoacidosis is a serious condition caused by insufficient insulin that prevents glucose from entering cells, resulting in hyperglycemia, polyuria, and polydipsia. It is diagnosed when blood glucose is over 250 mg/dL, blood pH is below 7.35, and bicarbonate is below 15 mEq/L. Nursing management involves three phases: assessment, management, and monitoring. Management in the first 24-48 hours focuses on fluid resuscitation and insulin therapy to correct electrolyte imbalances and lower blood glucose while closely monitoring vital signs and lab values.
Medicated-Bath
This document discusses medicated baths, which involve dispersing medication in water for therapeutic purposes to treat dermatological conditions. It describes different types of medicated baths like Epsom salt baths, oat meal baths, and sulfur baths. The document provides indications for various medicated baths to treat issues like psoriasis, eczema, itching, and arthritis pain. It outlines the preparatory, performance, and follow-up phases of administering a medicated bath and notes supplies needed. Potential complications are mentioned along with nursing responsibilities to monitor patients during and after medicated baths.
Care of patient with icd
The doctor would perform a chest tube drainage procedure to remove fluid from the patient's right hemothorax. A chest tube would be inserted through the thorax and connected to suction to drain fluid and air from the pleural space, preventing further fluid or air buildup and helping the lung re-expand. The nurse's responsibilities would include properly caring for and monitoring the chest tube drainage system.
Nursing management patient with Myocardial infraction
1) The document discusses nursing management of patients experiencing myocardial infarction (MI or heart attack).
2) MI occurs when an area of the heart muscle is permanently damaged due to reduced blood flow in a coronary artery, usually caused by a ruptured atherosclerotic plaque blocking the artery.
3) Nursing management of MI focuses on minimizing damage to heart muscle, preserving heart function, preventing complications, and educating patients on risk factor modification and self-care post-MI.
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The document provides an overview of diabetes mellitus, including its classification, pathophysiology, risk factors, symptoms, diagnostic criteria, management through nutrition, exercise, glucose monitoring, drug therapy including insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents, and potential complications. It discusses the different types of diabetes in detail.
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Hypoglycemia means low (
hypo ) sugar in the blood glycemia )
and occurs when the blood glucose falls to less than 70 mg/ dL
Severe hypoglycemia
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Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes is a chronic illness that requires continuing medical care and patient self-management education to prevent acute complications and to reduce the risk of long-term complications.
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction, also known as a heart attack, occurs when an area of heart muscle is damaged due to inadequate blood flow. It is usually caused by atherosclerosis leading to narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries. The left anterior descending artery supplies the anterior and septal walls of the heart, while the circumflex artery supplies the posterior and lateral walls. Obstruction of these arteries results in different types of MIs in the respective regions. Risk factors include age over 40, family history, male sex, obesity, diabetes, smoking, and hypertension. Symptoms include chest pain and potential radiation to the arm or shoulder. Diagnostic tests include electrocardiograms, cardiac enzymes, angiography, and imaging scans.
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Diabetes mellitus ppt
- 1. Presented By- ROHIT TONGARIYA ANMTC, KATIHAR
- 2. Learning Objectives- At the end of the session, learners will be able to- Define the Diabetes mellitus. Describe the types of DM Explain the Signs & Symptoms Enlist risk factors of DM Describe complications of DM Understand the diagnosis of DM & assessment of Diabetic clients at SHC-HWC level. Describe the role of CHO.
- 8. 2. Type 2 DM It is a combined insulin resistance and relative deficiency in insulin secretion and is frequently known as. Type II -Noninsulin Dependent DM (NIDDM) Adult onset DM
- 9. 3. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): It occurs in about 2-10% pf all pregnancies & usually disappears after delivery. it is fully treatable but require careful medical supervision throughout pregnancy.
- 18. Oral Anti-Diabetic agents A. Sulfonylureas- (e.g., Glimepiride) B. Biguanides (e.g., Metformin) is the drug of choice and mostly treatment is started with initial dose of metformin.
- 19. ROLE OF CHO A. CLINICAL ROLE OF CHO History
- 20. Physical Examination Non Pharmacological Management Provide counselling Refer to PHC/CHC Facilitate Teleconsultation Provide follow up care
- 21. B. PUBLIC HEALTH ROLE OF CHO General awareness among population Collection of population-based data Coordinate IEC activities in SHC-HWC. Discuss for various options, advice and encourage community people for regular exercise and balance diet. follow the schedule for lab tests.
- 22. C. MANAGERIAL ROLE OF CHO Documentation and reporting to higher authorities/ levels. levels. Review the screening process in the field Check all record and reports. Supportive supervision. Indent, stock and dispense the required medicines to individual as advised by the MO.
- 23. SUMMARY- Topic discussed :- Definition of D.M. Types of D.M. Sign & Symptoms of DM. Risk Factors of D.M. Complications of D.M. Diagnosis & Management of D.M. Role of CHO.