Rti sti
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At the end of the session, learners will be able to define RTI/STI, understand the epidemiology of RTI/STI, describe common symptoms of RTI/STI, and describe management of RTI/STI at the health and wellness center level. Though STIs are caused by various organisms, common symptoms seen in patients include vesicular and non-vesicular genital ulcers, urethral discharge, vaginal discharge, painful swelling in groins and scrotum with or without discharge, lower abdominal pain, scrotal pain, and genital warts. These symptoms have been divided into syndromes for easy diagnosis and treatment at primary care facilities using a syndromic
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1. HIV attacks T-cells in the immune system, leading to AIDS in advanced stages.
2. Clinical manifestations in children vary widely and can include failure to thrive, respiratory issues, gastrointestinal diseases, and neurological problems.
3. Diagnosis is made through HIV antibody testing after 18 months or virological testing before 18 months, and management includes prophylaxis, antiretroviral therapy, treating opportunistic infections, adequate nutrition, and immunization.
Syndromic approach
This document discusses the syndromic approach to diagnosing and treating sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It describes how STIs present as distinct syndromes based on their symptoms and signs. Using flowcharts, healthcare workers can diagnose and treat patients based on their presenting syndrome rather than attempting to identify the specific pathogen. This approach is recommended by the WHO as it is more accurate than clinical judgment alone and allows for treatment at the first visit. The document then outlines the main STI syndromes and their typical causes.
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Reproductive Tract Infections and Syndromic Approach
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This document discusses diabetes mellitus (DM). It defines DM and describes the three main types: type 1 DM, type 2 DM, and gestational DM. It lists the signs and symptoms of DM and risk factors. It also outlines complications of DM and the process for diagnosis and assessment of diabetic clients. Finally, it details the clinical, public health, and managerial roles of community health officers in managing DM at the healthcare level.
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Counselling is a key part of providing quality family planning services. The counsellor must ensure the beneficiary's privacy, confidentiality, respect, and dignity are maintained. The beneficiary's decision to adopt a method must be voluntary and informed. Counsellors should follow the GATHER approach, which includes greeting the beneficiary respectfully, asking about their needs, telling them their options, helping them decide, explaining how to use the chosen method, and scheduling follow ups. Family planning beneficiaries fall into four categories: new with no method in mind, new with a method in mind, returning with no issues, and returning with issues or concerns.
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Cervical cancer
Cervical cancer is cancer of the cervix that develops due to HPV infection. Risk factors include early sexual activity, multiple partners, smoking, and HIV/AIDS. Symptoms include abnormal bleeding and discharge. Screening methods are VIA and Pap tests. The role of CHOs is to create awareness, conduct early detection screenings, provide counseling and referrals, and support prevention through vaccination promotion and healthy lifestyle adoption.
Counselling during pregnancy
The document provides guidance on counselling women during pregnancy on various topics:
1. Nutritional counselling focuses on maintaining a healthy diet, weight gain, and consuming nutrients like iron and calcium.
2. Counselling on breastfeeding emphasizes initiating breastfeeding within an hour of birth and exclusively breastfeeding for six months.
3. Counselling addresses having safe sex during pregnancy, domestic violence prevention, and post-natal family planning to space pregnancies.
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2. Mothers should receive checkups on a schedule, with the first visit focusing on medical history, examination, counseling on hygiene, nutrition, breastfeeding and birth registration.
3. Subsequent visits continue monitoring for issues like bleeding, infection and mental health, while reinforcing counseling on diet, rest, contraception and breastfeeding. The postnatal period requires close support and care of both mother
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The document outlines India's service delivery framework under the Comprehensive Primary Health Care program. Services will be delivered at three levels - the family/community level, Health and Wellness Centers (HWCs), and referral facilities. At the community level, activities include screening, health promotion, and basic follow-ups. HWCs will provide clinical services for minor ailments, counseling, and dispense drugs. Referral facilities offer specialist consultations, diagnosis, and management of complications. The framework describes 12 service packages that will be progressively added at HWCs, including care for pregnancy, child health, family planning and communicable/non-communicable diseases.
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This document discusses continuity of care and the continuum of care across different levels from community to tertiary facilities. It describes the roles and responsibilities at each level, including community health workers who provide home visits and support, health and wellness centers that provide basic services and referrals, and higher facilities like district hospitals that provide specialized care. Strong referral linkages and communication between different levels are important to ensure smooth transition of patients through the continuum of care.
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Rti sti
- 2. Learning Objectives- At the end of the session, learners will be able to- Define the RTI/STI. Understand Epidemiology of RTI/STI Describe Common symptoms of RTI/STI Describe management of RTI/STI at HWC level.
- 5. Syndromes/ Common symptoms of RTI/STI - Though STIs are caused by a variety of organisms causing localized infections of reproductive tract, there are some common symptoms and signs found in patients of STI/RTI. As it is difficult to make a confirmatory diagnosis of causative organism at the field level which are based on multiple advanced laboratory tests, , the common symptoms and signs have been divided into syndromes for easy and effective diagnosis and treatment at primary care level facilities. This is called as ‘Syndromic Approach for management of RTI/STIs’. These groups of syndromes are as follows: Vesicular and/or non-vesicular genital ulcers Urethral discharge Vaginal discharge Painful swelling in groins, scrotal swelling with/without discharge like Inguinal bubo (lymph node enlargement) Lower abdominal pain Scrotal pain Genital skin conditions as warts.
- 6. Syndromes with variable clinical features of different infections