It should not be disregarded that e-learning applic
ations have some limitations although they provide
many
opportunities to people who have different expectat
ions and characteristics and who want to make use o
f
educational opportunities. When the limitations of
e-learning and the advantages of m-learning
applications which these limitations provide are co
nsidered together, they may serve more effective
learning contexts for individuals. In this study, a
n m-learning application was developed to assist e-
learning and it was supplied for learners who atten
d distance education to use. As a result of the stu
dy, it
was provided for learners to attend educational eve
nts without real time and place limitation in reali
ty via
using m-learning as an assistant for e-learning. Fu
rthermore, learners were provided to be informed ab
out
course cancellations, assignment deadlines, exam da
tes, the announcement by school administration
immediately, and so on. As a result of the study, l
earners’ views for this application were taken into
consideration and it was stated that m-learning app
lication was effective for learners in education at
anytime and anywhere.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Designing An Effective Mobile-learning Model By Integrating Student CultureCSCJournals
Mobile learning is a good technology because it allows communication, collaboration, and sharing information or resources among all of learning members. Mobile learning can be used as perfect solutions to support the learning process. Thither are many concepts and factors influencing effective learning results through creativity, collaboration, and communication. However, culture is an unaccounted factor which should be appended to the existing M-learning model. Culture may improve the learning outcomes of students. We would like to research on how to design an effective model by integrating culture to maximize the benefits of mobile learning.
This research aims at examining the effect of Ease, Affect, Flexibility and Accessibility of information technology on utilizing virtual learning environment at Universitas Terbuka. The population of the research consists students of Bidikmisi scholarship in Non Basic Education program of Accounting that include of 145 respondents. The sampling method is purposive sampling with 141 eligible samples. The questionnaires are measured with Correlation and Multiple Regression analysis that covers descriptive statistics, reliability test and validity test. Classical Assumption Test which includes multcollinearity test is later conducted. Hypothesis testing and discussion are presented at the end. Result of research with t test or partially indicate that, variable of ease of use have positive relation and have significant influence to interest of utilization of virtual learning environment, t test result for accessibility variable have positive relation and no significant effect to interest of utilization of virtual learning environment. The result of the research on the affect variable has a positive relationship and has a significant effect on the interest of utilizing the virtual learning environment. While the flexibility variable shows have a negative relationship and no significant effect on the interest of utilization of virtual learning environment.
Assessing students’ continuance intention in using multimedia online learningTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The study aims to assess the students’ continuance intention (SCI) in using multimedia online learning including students’ perceived usefulness (SPU), students’ ease of use (SPE), and students’ flow experience (SFE). There is no, so far, assessment of students’ activity in using multimedia online learning within the extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM).There were 523 students as the samples. They learned and examined the content of online English learning resources as well as multimedia aspects.TAM was used to predict the SCI. The results indicate that the students’ intentions are influenced positively by perceived usefulness, ease of use, and the flow experience. The SPU influenced more students’ motivation than SPE. It is recommended that designers of online learning should be more specific in determining target users. The online learners’ skill on ICT, pedagogical principles, and technological barrier in different region are among the determinant aspects for receiving positive enduring intention.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) aims to cover the latest outstanding developments in the field of all Engineering Technologies & science.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Designing An Effective Mobile-learning Model By Integrating Student CultureCSCJournals
Mobile learning is a good technology because it allows communication, collaboration, and sharing information or resources among all of learning members. Mobile learning can be used as perfect solutions to support the learning process. Thither are many concepts and factors influencing effective learning results through creativity, collaboration, and communication. However, culture is an unaccounted factor which should be appended to the existing M-learning model. Culture may improve the learning outcomes of students. We would like to research on how to design an effective model by integrating culture to maximize the benefits of mobile learning.
This research aims at examining the effect of Ease, Affect, Flexibility and Accessibility of information technology on utilizing virtual learning environment at Universitas Terbuka. The population of the research consists students of Bidikmisi scholarship in Non Basic Education program of Accounting that include of 145 respondents. The sampling method is purposive sampling with 141 eligible samples. The questionnaires are measured with Correlation and Multiple Regression analysis that covers descriptive statistics, reliability test and validity test. Classical Assumption Test which includes multcollinearity test is later conducted. Hypothesis testing and discussion are presented at the end. Result of research with t test or partially indicate that, variable of ease of use have positive relation and have significant influence to interest of utilization of virtual learning environment, t test result for accessibility variable have positive relation and no significant effect to interest of utilization of virtual learning environment. The result of the research on the affect variable has a positive relationship and has a significant effect on the interest of utilizing the virtual learning environment. While the flexibility variable shows have a negative relationship and no significant effect on the interest of utilization of virtual learning environment.
Assessing students’ continuance intention in using multimedia online learningTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The study aims to assess the students’ continuance intention (SCI) in using multimedia online learning including students’ perceived usefulness (SPU), students’ ease of use (SPE), and students’ flow experience (SFE). There is no, so far, assessment of students’ activity in using multimedia online learning within the extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM).There were 523 students as the samples. They learned and examined the content of online English learning resources as well as multimedia aspects.TAM was used to predict the SCI. The results indicate that the students’ intentions are influenced positively by perceived usefulness, ease of use, and the flow experience. The SPU influenced more students’ motivation than SPE. It is recommended that designers of online learning should be more specific in determining target users. The online learners’ skill on ICT, pedagogical principles, and technological barrier in different region are among the determinant aspects for receiving positive enduring intention.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) aims to cover the latest outstanding developments in the field of all Engineering Technologies & science.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
An Analysis on the Application of Information and Communication Technology (I...AJASTJournal
The paper sought to analyse the application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching Health Education students in tertiary institutions in Adamawa State. A survey research design was used for the study. The population for the study comprised of 4 tertiary institutions offering Health Education out of which 2 were sampled. A simple random sampling was used in selecting 150 students from each of the institutions sampled making a total of 300 respondents. Data was collected with the use of questionnaire which was subjected to validity and reliability test. The mean and ANOVA was used in establishing the correlation between the variables in the study. The researcher accepts a result if the average mean is above 2.6 which is on the high side and shows a significant relationship. The researchers also reject a result if the average mean is below 2.5 which is on the low side and shows no significant relationship. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that: institutions and their management should have more ICT training centers on campus, the management of the institutions should urgently make sure ICT facilities are available for students’ use, the students should be given assignments, course project, group work, which will involve sourcing for information from the internet, lecturers should encourage students to organize mini seminars for presentation of assignments through the use of power point among others.
In implementing mobile learning system, students’ needs and perceptions should be focused upon along with curriculum standards. Particularly in the context of higher education institutions in Indonesia, some schools authorities have refused to implement m-learning. Although m-learning is widely used in some schools and considered an effective educational tool, it is not yet fully utilised in most Indonesian schools. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate students’ access to and perception of the use of mobile devices in learning, and to understand the potential for its implementation. This study is the result of a survey conducted on 61 students in a school which banned the use of mobile technology. It seeks to understand their potential accessibility by means of ownership, interaction time and the types of mobile application used and to find their perceptions through agreement and the reasons for adopting mobile learning in the classroom. The findings indicate that students are very familiar with mobile devices and their applications. The results also reveal that students have positive perceptions toward m-learning, and indicate that mobile technologies are widely used among them. This report can be taken as the basis for applying a mobile learning system in the classroom.
Design and Implementation Multimedia Learning Success for Vocational Schools IJECEIAES
This research aims to design a web-based multimedia applications, interactive learning, in order to improve the learning outcomes of students, especially students of Vocational High School. Multimedia Learning has been designed with some additional content in the form of applications: decision support system for multimedia usage based on Model of Multimedia Learning Success. The population obtained from respondents vocational school in Central Java, which is already implementing multimedia learning. The method used is qualitative analysis in the form of: the development of multimedia learning integrated with decision support systems. Design and implementation of multimedia learning success system that is abbreviated "Sikemuning". Sikemuning can be used to measure or provide guidance for teachers in the use of multimedia. Interviews with several respondents teachers from vocational schools in Central Java showed that: the system success multimedia learning developed in this study can be used as feedback to assess the success and effectiveness of the implementation of learning activities, multimedia learning can improve the performance and intelligence of vocational school students.
This study investigated ICT skills on use of University Web Portal by students of National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN), Ibadan. Descriptive survey method was used for the research design and the study population was made up of students of NOUN, Ibadan. Simple random sampling technique was adopted for this study to select only 237 as the sample size. The questionnaire was the main instruments employed for data collected and was analysed using simple percentages. Findings revealed the level of ICT as very low. The educational activities carried out on web portal include submission of assignment, register for courses among others. The use of NOUN web portal is frequent for submission of assignment, register for courses etc. The ICT skill influences the use of NOUN web portal by the students. The constraints to effective use of University web portal include internet connection failure, inability to access the web portal properly. The University web portal plays an important role in students study and academic programme. Therefore, management should on admissions to the programme recommend the use of multimedia devices such as iPhone, iPad, Computer system and other supportive gadgets for educational purpose however; this can be incorporated in their tuition fees.
Presentation the internet in efl teacher educationmemogreat
This is a presentation of my paper entitled, "The Internet in EFL Teacher Education: Investigating the Possibilities and Challenges in a Pre-service Teacher Education Programme
Cell Phones Usage for Academic Activities amongst Undergraduate Students of t...AJSSMTJournal
This study investigated the use of cell phones for academic activities amongst the undergraduate
students of the Federal University of Technology Minna (FUTM). Survey questionnaire was used for collecting
data from 379 respondents drawn based on stratified random sampling. The response rate was 99%. Findings
show that the majority 246(65.6%) of the respondents were very strongly agreed that they have awareness on
the usage of cell phones for making calls, while 224(59.7%) of them were very strongly agreed that they have
used cell phones to access the Internet. Whereas, 122(32.5%) of the respondents were very strongly agreed
that spending more time on cell phone reduces academic performance. Also 209(55.7%) of the respondents
were very strongly agreed that most students of FUTM faced the challenges of slow Internet connection,
252(67.2%) respondents were very strongly agreed that the wireless Internet infrastructure in the university
should be upgraded to ensure quality and faster download, and should be available to students for use all
times
An Analysis on the Application of Information and Communication Technology (I...AJASTJournal
The paper sought to analyse the application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching Health Education students in tertiary institutions in Adamawa State. A survey research design was used for the study. The population for the study comprised of 4 tertiary institutions offering Health Education out of which 2 were sampled. A simple random sampling was used in selecting 150 students from each of the institutions sampled making a total of 300 respondents. Data was collected with the use of questionnaire which was subjected to validity and reliability test. The mean and ANOVA was used in establishing the correlation between the variables in the study. The researcher accepts a result if the average mean is above 2.6 which is on the high side and shows a significant relationship. The researchers also reject a result if the average mean is below 2.5 which is on the low side and shows no significant relationship. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that: institutions and their management should have more ICT training centers on campus, the management of the institutions should urgently make sure ICT facilities are available for students’ use, the students should be given assignments, course project, group work, which will involve sourcing for information from the internet, lecturers should encourage students to organize mini seminars for presentation of assignments through the use of power point among others.
In implementing mobile learning system, students’ needs and perceptions should be focused upon along with curriculum standards. Particularly in the context of higher education institutions in Indonesia, some schools authorities have refused to implement m-learning. Although m-learning is widely used in some schools and considered an effective educational tool, it is not yet fully utilised in most Indonesian schools. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate students’ access to and perception of the use of mobile devices in learning, and to understand the potential for its implementation. This study is the result of a survey conducted on 61 students in a school which banned the use of mobile technology. It seeks to understand their potential accessibility by means of ownership, interaction time and the types of mobile application used and to find their perceptions through agreement and the reasons for adopting mobile learning in the classroom. The findings indicate that students are very familiar with mobile devices and their applications. The results also reveal that students have positive perceptions toward m-learning, and indicate that mobile technologies are widely used among them. This report can be taken as the basis for applying a mobile learning system in the classroom.
Design and Implementation Multimedia Learning Success for Vocational Schools IJECEIAES
This research aims to design a web-based multimedia applications, interactive learning, in order to improve the learning outcomes of students, especially students of Vocational High School. Multimedia Learning has been designed with some additional content in the form of applications: decision support system for multimedia usage based on Model of Multimedia Learning Success. The population obtained from respondents vocational school in Central Java, which is already implementing multimedia learning. The method used is qualitative analysis in the form of: the development of multimedia learning integrated with decision support systems. Design and implementation of multimedia learning success system that is abbreviated "Sikemuning". Sikemuning can be used to measure or provide guidance for teachers in the use of multimedia. Interviews with several respondents teachers from vocational schools in Central Java showed that: the system success multimedia learning developed in this study can be used as feedback to assess the success and effectiveness of the implementation of learning activities, multimedia learning can improve the performance and intelligence of vocational school students.
This study investigated ICT skills on use of University Web Portal by students of National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN), Ibadan. Descriptive survey method was used for the research design and the study population was made up of students of NOUN, Ibadan. Simple random sampling technique was adopted for this study to select only 237 as the sample size. The questionnaire was the main instruments employed for data collected and was analysed using simple percentages. Findings revealed the level of ICT as very low. The educational activities carried out on web portal include submission of assignment, register for courses among others. The use of NOUN web portal is frequent for submission of assignment, register for courses etc. The ICT skill influences the use of NOUN web portal by the students. The constraints to effective use of University web portal include internet connection failure, inability to access the web portal properly. The University web portal plays an important role in students study and academic programme. Therefore, management should on admissions to the programme recommend the use of multimedia devices such as iPhone, iPad, Computer system and other supportive gadgets for educational purpose however; this can be incorporated in their tuition fees.
Presentation the internet in efl teacher educationmemogreat
This is a presentation of my paper entitled, "The Internet in EFL Teacher Education: Investigating the Possibilities and Challenges in a Pre-service Teacher Education Programme
Cell Phones Usage for Academic Activities amongst Undergraduate Students of t...AJSSMTJournal
This study investigated the use of cell phones for academic activities amongst the undergraduate
students of the Federal University of Technology Minna (FUTM). Survey questionnaire was used for collecting
data from 379 respondents drawn based on stratified random sampling. The response rate was 99%. Findings
show that the majority 246(65.6%) of the respondents were very strongly agreed that they have awareness on
the usage of cell phones for making calls, while 224(59.7%) of them were very strongly agreed that they have
used cell phones to access the Internet. Whereas, 122(32.5%) of the respondents were very strongly agreed
that spending more time on cell phone reduces academic performance. Also 209(55.7%) of the respondents
were very strongly agreed that most students of FUTM faced the challenges of slow Internet connection,
252(67.2%) respondents were very strongly agreed that the wireless Internet infrastructure in the university
should be upgraded to ensure quality and faster download, and should be available to students for use all
times
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Technopreneurship Mobile Application (TMA): A Support Mechanism for Flexible ...IJITE
Mobile phones are essential in our daily lives because of their benefits in communication, entertainment, and education. Students use their mobile phones in teaching-learning engagement, both synchronous and asynchronous. The study focused on developing and validating Technopreneurship Mobile Application (TMA) in its functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, and User interface/user experience. The study engaged with developmental research using the mobile app development cycle, including requirement specification, development modeling, design and development, testing, and deployment. Online data gathering and analysis were used for mobile application validation, evaluation performance, and mobile deployment. A total of 95 information technology students evaluated the application. The results showed that the application is functional, reliable, usable, efficient, and the user interface is helpful. The overall results obtained a 4.20 with an excellent evaluation that shows that developing a mobile application can be a great tool in the flexible learning delivery for students due to its accessibility and usefulness.
The Effect of Mobile Learning on the Development of the Students' Learning Be...inventionjournals
This research study was conducted on 153 students from the Jordanian University. A researchermade Likert-type questionnaire was adopted. A five-question questionnaire was formulated to measure the effect of mobile learning at the University’s students focusing on different aspects. The reliability of the questionnaire was at 91% through the use of Chronbach’s Alpha. T test was adopted to find out significance of differences among the different used variables that supported the effect of mobile learning on the student’s development in learning behaviors and performances. ANOVA was embraced to examine the student’s learning behaviors on mobile learning. The results showed that mobile learning accrues positive effect on motivating the students towards learning. There was also a positive correlation mobile learning to increased academic performance. Finally, the results indicated that M-learning changed student’s learning habits for the better.
American Research Journal of Humanities & Social Science (ARJHSS) is a double blind peer reviewed, open access journal published by (ARJHSS).
The main objective of ARJHSS is to provide an intellectual platform for the international scholars. ARJHSS aims to promote interdisciplinary studies in Humanities & Social Science and become the leading journal in Humanities & Social Science in the world.
PERCEPTION TOWARDS MOBILE LEARNING ACTIVITIES AMONG POST GRADUATE STUDENTSThiyagu K
M-learning is learning supported by mobile devices and intelligent user interfaces. Compared to the prior generation a few years ago, storage capacity and screen size of mobile devices as well as transfer speed of wireless connections have significantly increased. Equipped with mobile devices, learners can conduct learning activities at anytime anywhere. m-learning is learning that is not constrained to a physical space or specific time and learning that is supported by communication with embedded computing elements in the environment on every move of the learner (Thiyagu, K, 2009). The main aim of the study is to assess the perception towards mobile learning activities among post graduate students in Viruudhunagar district. Survey method is employed for this study. The investigator has chosen 230 post graduate students as a sample for the study in a random sampling technique. Finally the investigator concludes; (a) There is no significant difference in perception towards mobile learning activities among the postgraduate students with respect to their course in terms (b) There is no significant difference in perception towards mobile learning activities among the postgraduate students with respect to their Father’s Educational Qualifications and father’s occupation.
Assessment 3: Essay
Length: 1500 words
Weighting: 45%
This last assessment builds on the annotated bibliography completed as Assessment 1 and your Assessment 2 essay plan. Use the feedback from your Assessment 2 to write an essay developing an argument for or against your chosen topic. The essay choices are as already presented:
1. Educational institutions should incorporate mobile technology for the benefit of students.
1. Using social media enhances adolescent well-being.
1. Mobile technology will continue to transform health care in positive ways.
You need to:
· Take a position and argue your case with supporting evidence. You may support or argue against the topic. Include a counterargument either in a separate paragraph or within your supporting point(s).
· Remember to include at least six sources of evidence to support your argument.
· Be sure to include a reference list on a separate page, using APA referencing.
· Go through the marking criteria carefully to ensure you have addressed all the marking criteria for your essay.
Marking criteria – see over the page
Davison, C. B. Lazaros, E. J. (2015). Adopting mobile technology in the higher education classroom. Journal of Technology Studies, 41:1, 30-39. Retrieved from https://www.ebsco.com
This 2015 article looks at the discoveries from a study of an Indiana research and teaching university, focusing on the student’s practices with mobile technologies. The findings were based on, and cross examined with a previous similar study of British students that was undertaken 9 years prior. Key ideas demonstrated are the technological influence of mLearning in the tertiary education environment, carried out with intentions of providing infrastructure integration techniques and insight to educators, by identifying characteristics and patterns within the mobile technology utilization of the student body. The study touches on student perceptions of mobile learning, the most popular method of communicating and the benefits. A limitation to this study include lack of personal interviews with students to provide concurrent opinions of findings presented, and an uncertain means of accumulating data by use of an anonymous online poll. A further limitation includes lack of an in-depth explanation to the conclusion that laptops are the most preferred tool amongst the participants. The piece itself has been published in the peer-reviewed Journal of Technology Studies, which is owned by an international honor society of technology professions. In particular this article will be helpful in providing a comparison between the study a decade previously, to monitor what the sequences of mLearning in the classroom has demonstrated, and to collate with new evidence between this article and now.
Henderson, M. Selwyn, N. Aston, R. (2015). What works and why? Student perceptions of ‘useful’ digital technology in university teaching and learning. Studies in Higher Education, 42:8, 1567-1579, DOI: 10.1080/030 ...
INSTRUCTOR PERSPECTIVES OF MOBILE LEARNING PLATFORM: AN EMPIRICAL STUDYijcsit
Mobile learning (m-Learning) is the cutting-edge learning platform to really gain traction, driven mostly bythe huge uptake in smartphones and their ever-increasing uses within the educational society. Education has long benefitted from the proliferation of technology; however, m-Learning adoption has not proceededat the pace one might expect. There is a disconnect between the rate of adoption of the underlying platform (smartphones) and the use of that technology within learning. The reasons behind this have been the subject of several research studies. However, previous studies have mostly focused on investigating the critical success factors (CSFs) from the student perspectives. In this research, we have carried out anextensive study of the six factors that impact the success of m-Learning from instructors’ perspectives. The
results of the research showed that three factors – technical competence of instructors, Instructors’
autonomy, and blended learning – are the most important elements that contribute to m-Learning adoption
from instructors’ perspectives.
The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak has changed
the conventional learning system to an online learning system. Online
learning system is an alternative that can solve this problem with the
principles of human-machine friendship learning (HMFL). This research was
conducted to obtain an overview of the implementation of human-machine
Friendship learning at IKIP PGRI Pontianak, Indonesia. Lecturers and
students become research subjects, especially those in the History Education
Study Program of the IKIP PGRI Pontianak. The research employed a
qualitative approach with the type of phenomenological research. Data
collection in this research was carried out by survey, interview and
documentation. The results showed: (1) Implementation of HMFL of History
Education Study Program of FIPPS IKIP PGRI Pontianak as a solution for
implementing learning; (2) Effectiveness of Human-Machine Friendship
Learning which is carried out in an effort to break the chain of the spread of
COVID-19 using the application as a whole, students are satisfied with
flexible learning; (3) The challenges of implementing HMFL include the
weak supervision and control of students, the problem of weak internet
signals, especially in rural areas, and the relatively high cost of internet
quota.
An analysis of Mobile Learning Implementation in Shinas College of Technology...ijcnes
In the past decade, technology has grown exponentially, especially the speed of the Internet and mobile technology have reached its peak it seems. This technology advancement also gives its impact to all the areas especially in the education sector. Researchers have to be interested in investigating how these technologies can be exploited for educational purposes aiming to enhance learning experiences. Subsequently, this has prompt an exploration slant which is ordinarily alluded to as Mobile Learning (M-Learning) in which specialists endeavors have meant to disseminate fitting learning encounters to learners considering their own flexibility needs, the universal usage of portable advances and the accessibility of data whenever � anyplace. By and by, m-learning is still in its start and extraordinary endeavors should be done as such as to explore the potential outcomes of educational outlook change from the conventional on-estimate fits-all illuminating ways to deal with a versatile and customized discovering that can be circulated by means of portable creations. This paper, presents the suitability and need of mobile learning facility in Shinas College of Technology(SHCT) and also presents the framework for implementing m-learning in SHCT.
Establishment of Educational Network among the Undergraduate with Mobile Appl...Cahit Berkay Kazangirler
Abstract— It is easier and faster for students to learn from knowledgeable students. The speed of information age and evolving educational technology have changed the way of teaching and the level of knowledge acquired during teaching. In this study, we present establishment of educational network among the undergraduate with mobile application. Students will be trained on the mobile application using smart devices which are present in almost every university student today. For this training, firstly the teams will be established and the target group will be reached for the education given by the knowledgeable student. With the mobile application to be prepared, students will be able to enroll in courses that are opened, will be notified about the lessons from the instructors and will be able to access the necessary source documents easily. The application will also be a website at the same time and all the operations performed in the application will also be available on the website.
A Study on Mobile Learning and its Impact on Academic Achievement among Highe...ijtsrd
The present study aimed to examine the effect of Mobile Learning, which is a kind of E learning that uses mobile devices, on the development of the academic achievement of higher secondary commerce students at Coimbatore, Tamilnadu. The study used the quasi-experimental approach. Participants consisted of (712) students who were registered in a group called Commerce offered by the Tamilnadu stateboard. The questionnaires were givent to students in the experimental group. Data collection tools included an academic achievement test and feedback rating scale. Results showed that mobile learning had quite significant effect on both students' academic achievement and conversational skills. In light of these findings faculty members were recommended to adapt the use of Mobile Learning in their classes. Ms. A. Masilamani | Mr. S. Mahendren"A Study on Mobile Learning and its Impact on Academic Achievement among Higher Secondary Commerce Students" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd14196.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/14196/a-study-on-mobile-learning-and-its-impact-on-academic-achievement-among-higher-secondary-commerce-students/ms-a-masilamani
MEASURING UTILIZATION OF E-LEARNING COURSE DISCRETE MATHEMATICS TOWARD MOTIVA...AM Publications
In the implementation of learning E-Learning which has been implemented by the Mercu Buana University in recent years had a positive impact on students and lecturer. However, in some course such as Discrete Mathematics perceived by lecturer and student have several problems such as difficulty from lecturer to explain some of the logic material or analysis algorithm problem. Students also do not understand clearly if only read from the text that is presented through the e learning process. Effectiveness basically is attainment of precise goal or selecting the appropriate objectives from a series of alternative or choice of ways and determine the choice of several other options. Effectiveness can also be interpreted as a measure of success in achieving the goals that have been determined. As an example if a task can finish with choice of ways which is already determine, then that way is correct or effective.
"Impact of front-end architecture on development cost", Viktor TurskyiFwdays
I have heard many times that architecture is not important for the front-end. Also, many times I have seen how developers implement features on the front-end just following the standard rules for a framework and think that this is enough to successfully launch the project, and then the project fails. How to prevent this and what approach to choose? I have launched dozens of complex projects and during the talk we will analyze which approaches have worked for me and which have not.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
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Development of a mobile learning application to support e learning and analysis of its effects
1. International Journal of Mobile Network Communications & Telematics ( IJMNCT) Vol. 3, No.5, October 2013
DEVELOPMENT OF A MOBILE LEARNING
APPLICATION TO SUPPORT E-LEARNING
AND ANALYSIS OF ITS EFFECTS
Ebru KILIÇ ÇAKMAK1 and Mustafa TANRIVERD
1
2
Department of Computer Education and Instructional Technologies, Gazi University,
Ankara, Turkey
2
Institute of Information, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
ABSTRACT
It should not be disregarded that e-learning applications have some limitations although they provide many
opportunities to people who have different expectations and characteristics and who want to make use of
educational opportunities. When the limitations of e-learning and the advantages of m-learning
applications which these limitations provide are considered together, they may serve more effective
learning contexts for individuals. In this study, an m-learning application was developed to assist elearning and it was supplied for learners who attend distance education to use. As a result of the study, it
was provided for learners to attend educational events without real time and place limitation in reality via
using m-learning as an assistant for e-learning. Furthermore, learners were provided to be informed about
course cancellations, assignment deadlines, exam dates, the announcement by school administration
immediately, and so on. As a result of the study, learners’ views for this application were taken into
consideration and it was stated that m-learning application was effective for learners in education at
anytime and anywhere.
KEYWORDS
Mobile Learning, E-learning, Distance Education, Software Development
1. INTRODUCTION
Mobile phones have become smaller, stronger and more popular with the help of rapid
development of mobile technologies [1]. Mobile phones are used in various fields in daily life. A
number of mobile applications have been developed for mobile devices. The users can reach
information via these applications without the limitation of time and place. Mobile phones can be
useful to learn via appropriate designs with the help of characteristics such as mobility and instant
communication although the characteristics of mobile phones like screen size, battery capacity,
data and ram capacities limit the use of these devices in learning context [2].
Studies reveal that in order to overcome the limitations of e-learning such as using them only in
contexts where there are computers and internet connection, causing learners to feel isolated and
to have motivational problems and being incapable of providing instant message, m-learning
applications have the advantages. Some of them are providing the opportunity to study without
the limitation of time and place, using instant communication devices like SMS and MMS and
having motivational impact [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7].
DOI : 10.5121/ijmnct.2013.3501
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2. International Journal of Mobile Network Communications & Telematics ( IJMNCT) Vol. 3, No.5, October 2013
In this study, definitions of distance education, e-learning, m-learning and their applications were
investigated in the literature. According to the results, it was endeavored to reveal the advantages
and limitations of a mobile application that was developed as an assistant to e-learning.
2. RELATED WORKS
According to the approach put forward by Georgiev [8], Figure 1 shows the relationships
between learning paradigms. This approach considers m-learning as a part of e-learning, elearning as a part of distance learning. Furthermore, an m-learning activity is seen as an e-learning
and an e-learning activity is considered a distance education activity.
Figure 1. Set theory perspective of learning paradigms [8]
Akour [9] compares learning paradigms with respect to flexibility provided for learners and
learning time span. When traditional learning, distance education, e-learning and m-learning are
compared, it is stated that m-learning has a more learning time span. It is acknowledged that mlearning is used by a lot of learners since it can be reached at anytime and anywhere and also
provides easy access. Akour [9] compares in terms of flexibility and learning time spanning of
traditional education, distance education, e-learning and m-learning paradigms (Figure 2).
Figure 2. Learning space range and ease of access for learning paradigms [9]
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3. International Journal of Mobile Network Communications & Telematics ( IJMNCT) Vol. 3, No.5, October 2013
Tick’s approach [10] is thought to be the best for this study as it states that m-learning can
provide educational opportunities at anytime and anywhere when used with e-learning and
distance education. Figure 3 shows the relationship between learning paradigms according to this
approach.
Figure 3. The interrelationship of d-learning, e-learning, and m-learning [10]
In m-learning studies, Saran [7] developed an m-learning context for university students’
language studies. At the end of the study with the help of sending contents of courses, an increase
on learners’ learning performances and motivation levels has been observed. The reason for this
increase has been thought to be the mobility of mobile phones, their utility in flexible hours, and
using them in educational activities via direct access opportunity. As a result of their study
which was conducted to decide the learners’ views on their utility of mobile phones on
learning activities, Norman et al. (2010) concluded that learners claim that mobile phones
have increased their learning performances, curiosity and have helped them to be
motivated. Lan and Sie [1] developed a mobile application to increase the participation of
unsocial learners who do not participate in class activities like question & answer. With this
application, learners can ask questions to their tutors via their mobile devices without revealing
their identities. According to the results of this study, it has been stated that learners are satisfied
with the mobile application and they participate question & answer activities more. Chen et al. [2]
developed a learning context for high school students. Learners are divided into control and
experimental groups. Experimental group learners, provided with learning contents via SMS on
their mobile phones besides web-based learning contexts, were given informing and reminder
facilities on learning activities. As a result of the study, it is revealed that experimental group
learners’ participation in learning activities and their level of success were found to be higher than
control group. Fetaji and Fetaji [4] developed an application that includes assignments, course
contents, and course recordings for university students regarding with browser features of mobile
phones. Upon analyzing the application results, it was observed that learners’ motivation was
decreasing gradually and that learners’ motivation should be kept high. Hashim et al. [5]
conducted a study with the aim of designating the factors that affected the utility of m-learning
applications. It was acknowledged that flexibility, appropriateness, instruction, design, using the
least amount of memory resource were effective in the utility of m-learning applications. Marcos
et al. [3] designed a web based learning context and a mobile learning context as an alternative to
the web based learning context for university students. Learners were enabled to use either web or
mobile learning contexts during the study. When learners’ grades were considered at the end of
the study, an increase was observed in the success of learners who used the mobile application.
Learners mentioned that the mobile application was not satisfactory enough to provide motivation
and participation in the learning activities. It was concluded that m-learning applications enriched
by new exercises and learning activities could be more effective.
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4. International Journal of Mobile Network Communications & Telematics ( IJMNCT) Vol. 3, No.5, October 2013
These studies were observed to focus on the topics such as determining learners’ attitudes towards
and motivation in m-learning applications, the effect of m-learning applications on learners’
success, investigating the effects of the utility of m-learning and e-learning together. During these
studies, the focused group take face to face education and they are provided with m-learning. It is
useful to present flexible m-learning with the e-learning context supported by m-learning
applications to learners who attend distance education programs as well as those who attend face
to face education.
One of the primary aims of distance learning is to present education anytime and everywhere.
Therefore, distance education applications should be designed in a way, that is, to provide them
maximum access options by considering learners’ access restrictions. Distance education learners
can reach educational events at their convenience. Learners are able to communicate with the
tutor and other learners via e-mail, e-learning and forum tools. However, in order for a learner to
be able to access them, learners need to be in a place where computers and internet connection are
available. When these limitations of distance education were observed, the importance of making
use of m-learning advantages was understood [2] [11].
It is a significant issue that both to develop m-learning applications with the aim of solving the
limitations such as not being able to present the mentioned educational facilities anywhere and at
anytime, learners’ experiencing motivation problems and their feeling isolated, their being
informed on the announcements about learning events made by the school management later, and
to evaluate the effects of these applications [2]. This important problem establishes the basis of
this study.
3. METHODOLOGY
3.1. Participants
Gazi University Distance Education Vocational School learners were sent a message about the
application. Some information about mobile application was given to these learners and the ones
who had mobile phones with 3G and wireless and who wanted to participate in application within
the message were asked to reply the message. 21 of them accepted this request. However, those
who couldn’t go on studying because of their personal excuses were omitted from the study and
so, 13 learners were analyzed.
3.2. Measurement Tools
Interview form was used in the collection of the data and instructors were interviewed. What’s
more, recordings of learners who use the mobile applications regularly were saved in the database
and these recordings were analyzed at the end of the application.
‘Diffusion of Innovation’ theory was analyzed during the preparation of student view form and
relative utility, appropriateness, and complexity dimensions were taken into consideration [12].
This form was presented to expert opinion, and the form was redesigned after considering the
feedback of experts. The student view form consists of 20 open ended questions.
Unstructured interviews were done with the instructors. Some parts were noted down. Those parts
were analyzed via content analysis.
3.3. Mobile Learning Environment
In this study, a mobile application and accordingly a web application were developed for
instructors. The instructors can fulfil certain works such as adding the content for mobile
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5. International Journal of Mobile Network Communications & Telematics ( IJMNCT) Vol. 3, No.5, October 2013
applications and following the log records of learners who participate in these applications. The
necessary information about mobile and web applications are provided below.
M-learning application was developed in order to support e-learning via using PHP programming
language. MYSQL as database, LINUX as operating system and APACHE environment were
used as server.
The study consists of two sub-studies. One of them is the mobile application that provides mobile
learners’ reaching course contents via mobile phones, watching course videos, listening to course
recordings, and the negotiation between teachers and learners. The other one is the web
application that helps teachers add course contents through PCs or laptops and see learners’ log
recordings.
This mobile application enables to reach course contents via 3G or wireless connection of mobile
phones’ web browsers. During the phase of developing mobile application, mobile software
preparation principles were taken into consideration acknowledged by Qing Tan and Kinshuk
[13]. Mobile application pages were in HTML format and were designed via using CSS
appropriate for the small screens of mobile phones.
When the learner writes the address of m-learning application on the browser via his mobile
phone, the home page in Figure 4 appeared. The learner must enter his password and user name to
the form in order to open the application.
Figure 4. Login page
Figure 5. Home page
When the learner opens the page successfully, he is led to a page as it is in Figure 5. This is the
home page of this application. There is a red exit symbol at the top of the home page, which
assists us to exit from the application. There are notice texts to inform learners about the new
messages or announcements below the exit symbol. Also, there is a menu in which links for other
pages involve at the top of the home page. This menu is available at the top of each page.
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6. International Journal of Mobile Network Communications & Telematics ( IJMNCT) Vol. 3, No.5, October 2013
Message board tool was developed in order to establish interaction between teachers and learners.
It is possible to reach the message board on the home page. When the ‘my messages’ link was
clicked on, the inbox was seen. The learners can see the sent box, sender and sending date on this
page. Furthermore, when the learner clicks on the link ‘friends’, he can see his other classmates
who use this mobile application. Learners have the chance of messaging instantly with their
online classmates via this page.
When the link ‘class notes’ is clicked on the menu, some pages in which there are course contents
similar to display images (Figure 6). Course contents in mobile applications were added by the
teacher with the help of web application. Mobile application contents were recorded as topics and
content summaries to the database due to the small screens of mobile applications and limited
resources.
Learners and teachers participate in virtual activities via e-learning applications weekly. These
learners can watch the weekly designed video recordings and listen to the audio recordings when
they click on the link ‘course videos’ from the m-learning menu.
It is quite difficult to watch videos from the mobile phones due to the variety of operating systems
of phones, the capacity of mobile browsers and connection speed. Considering these problems,
video and audio recordings were arranged in two forms. The first one is FLV format that can be
viewed and listened to via Flash Player, and the second one is MP4 format that can be viewed and
listened to via HTML5 harmonious with browsers. The user can reach both video and audio
recording via another format if he happens to come across any problem while listening to and/or
watching the video.
Figure 6. Course Content Pages
Another application designed as a part of this study is web application for instructors. The
instructors can add course contents for mobile application from PC or laptop via this application,
examine learners’ log recordings and send messages to learners via mobile application.
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7. International Journal of Mobile Network Communications & Telematics ( IJMNCT) Vol. 3, No.5, October 2013
3.4. Procedure
This mobile application was applied in Maths, Research Techniques and Project Management
courses by Gazi University Distance Education Vocational School students. The application
process lasted for 6 weeks.
Weekly course contents were added to the application database during the study. The recordings
of virtual class applications were transmitted into mobile application environment by
transforming into video and audio formats appropriate for mobile phones. Mobile applications
were permitted to be accessed only through mobile phones in order to understand the utility and
effectiveness of mobile application, and access via PC or laptops is hindered.
During the application, learners were informed about course cancellations, postpones, assignment
due dates, examination dates and overall announcements from the school management. It was
aimed to raise learners’ participation in the virtual class applications by sending reminding SMSs
to learners an hour before these classes as virtual class applications were thought to be an
important activity for distance education learners.
4. RESULTS
The answers given to the question of whether the m-learning application met learners’
expectations or not were analyzed. 6 students (46.15%) acknowledged that the application had
enough qualifications to meet their expectations. 3 students (30.77%) claimed that m-learning
application had above and beyond the qualifications, while 4 students (23.08%) stated that they
could not participate in the virtual classroom applications so m-learning application did not meet
their expectations.
The learners’ answers were analyzed in terms of the contributions of the m-learning applications
and the findings were displayed related to these questions in Table 1.
Table 1. Learners’ views with contributions of m-learning.
Category
f
%
Being able to participate in the educational studies without time and place
8
limitations.
61.54
Spending free time participation in the educational studies
2
15.38
Rising the participate into the virtual class applications with the help of SMS
2
notification
15.38
Being able to participate in the educational studies when travelling
7.69
1
According to the findings, 8 students (61.54%) claimed that they could participate in the
educational studies without time and place limitations. There are 2 students (15.38%) who stated
that they spent their free time in participating the educational studies via their mobile phones.
While 2 students (15.38) claimed that their participation into the virtual class applications with the
help of SMS notification, 1 student (7.69%) told that he could participate in the educational
studies with the help of m-learning application as he travelled a lot for his business. When the
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8. International Journal of Mobile Network Communications & Telematics ( IJMNCT) Vol. 3, No.5, October 2013
answers and the situation in Table 1 were analyzed, it became clear that the learners took the
advantage of this service.
The learners were asked about the negative sides or difficulties of m-learning application and the
findings of these questions were displayed in Table 2. According to the results, 4 of the learners
(30.77%) stated that the negative side of m-learning was watching the courses from the small
screens of mobile phones and that those screens were too small to view the course videos. 3 of
these learners (23.08%) considered not being able to participate in virtual class applications via
mobile application as the negative sides of m-learning, while 3 of them (23.08%) claimed that the
negative side of m-learning was reflection of internet connection fees via mobile phones to their
bill. However, 3 of learners (23.08%) said that there was no negative side of m-learning
application. When these answers are taken into consideration, it is clear that these are the basic
problems of mobile applications.
Table 2. Learners’ views with respect to negative sides of m-learning
Category
f
%
The difficulties of viewing course contents and watching video on account
4
of small screens and connection problems
30.77
Not being able to participate in virtual classes via mobile phones
3
23.08
Reflecting mobile internet fees to the bill
3
23.08
Inexistency of any negative side
3
23.08
The learners were asked to compare learning management systems used during e-learning process
with m-learning applications and the findings of their answers were given below in Table 3.
Learners compared e-learning application used as distance education service with m-learning
application used to support this system in this question. 10 of them (76.92%) stated that
computers and internet facility were required in order to access e-learning application while such
a necessity did not exist for m-learning application so they added that m-learning was more useful
in this respect. 2 learners (15.38%) said that being informed about educational studies via learner
informing SMSs, but 1 learner (7.69%) said that accessing the course contents, video and audio
recordings of courses that they could not attend were effective.
It is seen that m-learning application that was developed to remove the limitations of e-learning
has achieved its goal when learners’ views are analyzed. Furthermore, it is revealed that the
independence of time and place was achieved in its real terms via m-learning.
Table 3. Learners’ answers related to advantages of m-learning when compared with learning management
system
Category
f
Being able to participate in the educational studies in places where there is
10
no computer or internet
%
76.92
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9. International Journal of Mobile Network Communications & Telematics ( IJMNCT) Vol. 3, No.5, October 2013
Informing via SMSs
2
The opportunity of accessing contents, video and audio recordings of
1
previous courses
15.38
7.69
When learners are asked about how the connection fees to the internet via mobile phones have
affected the utility of m-learning application, 8 of them (61.54%) stated that those fees did not
affect the utility of m-learning application. However, 5 of them (38.46%) claimed that the fees of
phone invoice increased due to the connection charges and that they were more careful about
using the internet via their mobile phones less and less.
In Table 4, the number of page views and those pages on which the participants view via the
application of m-learning during the application. When the numbers of page views are analyzed, it
is revealed that students in total visit the contents page 579 times, home page 143 times, online
friends page 135 times, and personal information page 46 times. Furthermore, students enter the
m-learning application 456 times in total.
Table 4. The application pages students view during the application and the number of page view.
Pages
F
%
Course contents page
579
32.13
Home page
571
31.69
Video and audio recordings page
328
18.20
Inbox page
143
7.94
Online friends page
135
7.49
Personal information page
46
2.55
Unstructured interviews were done with the participant instructors on the web application
developed during the study. According to the results, instructors acknowledged that the web
application is practical and useful thanks to some facilities in terms of adding contents for mlearning program, analyzing students’ log recordings, viewing the chat board of m-learning
program, announcing, sending messages to students via e-mail and m-learning program. They
also added that sending SMS to students’ mobile phones was not available and this application
could be more effective if this feature is included.
5. CONCLUSION
An m-learning program was developed as a supporting factor to e-learning with consideration of
advantages and disadvantages of e- and m- learning. This program was used as pilot scheme by
Gazi University Distance Education Vocational School students.
According to the results of this study, it was observed that thanks to the m-learning applications,
students could participate in learning activities anywhere and anytime. As a result, the lack of
providing conditions for education anywhere and anytime, and instant informing system of this e9
10. International Journal of Mobile Network Communications & Telematics ( IJMNCT) Vol. 3, No.5, October 2013
learning was erased via this program. Parallel to this study, Chen et al. [2] study revealed that
students are glad with the combined use of e- and m-learning. The number of page views supports
this finding as well. It is clear that students prefer to view course contents, video and audio
recordings of these courses among the learning activities in e-learning program when the number
of page views is taken into consideration. The reason of this may be the flexibility of this
program. Students’ motivation towards and participation in these learning activities increased
with the help of informing and reminding SMSs. In this respect, this study is similar to that of Lan
and Sie [1].
Some challenges and limitations such as too small screens of mobile phones to view course
contents and course video recordings, connecting to the internet in places with limited signals and
the high prices of mobile wireless connection caused them to suffer from different problems
during the use of m-learning. These challenges and limitations were observed in the mobile
learning application process designed by Nordin et al. [6]. It is found that m-learning should be
used as supportive to e-learning as it won’t be sufficient in distance education process.
It is decided that instructors are glad with the web application and that it is a missing point not to
be able to send SMS to students via web application. Thus, it is thought to be more effective to
provide the opportunity with sending SMS via web application.
Works such as making summaries of course contents, transforming video and recordings of
courses into appropriate formats in mobile phones, sending SMSs were fulfilled by instructors
and the researcher as m-learning program in this study did not run integrated with learning
management system. Great time and effort were spent for these works.
It is recommended that m-learning and e-learning applications should be integrated for further
studies. It is also suggested that content should be formed and added to database for m-learning
during the process of forming contents for e-learning. It is necessary that sending SMS to students
in database about the recorded academic affairs should be provided via web services of GSM
operators by connecting to e-learning database with m-learning application. It is also considered
to inform all students instantly via SMSs by gathering students’ phone numbers.
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AUTHORS
Dr. Kılıç-Çakmak is associate professor in Education Faculty at Gazi University, Turkey. Her
research interests are in the areas e-learning, m -learning, human-computer interaction,
interface design and instructional design. She has published a lot of research papers in national,
international journals and conferences in her areas of expertise.
He was working in Department of Computer at Gazi University, Turkey until 2007.In 2011 he
joined as Ph.D. student in Management Information System at Gazi University. His research
interests are mobile applications, mobile learning
and software development.
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