This document summarizes a study that performed design optimization of a chain sprocket using finite element analysis. The sprocket was first designed and analyzed using ANSYS software for static and fatigue analysis. Based on the results, the sprocket design was optimized for weight reduction while ensuring it remained safe and reliable. The modified design was re-analyzed using static, fatigue, and modal analyses in ANSYS. The analyses confirmed the optimized design had reduced weight and stress while maintaining a sufficient safety factor and fatigue life for use.
Design of Engine Mount Bracket for a FSAE Car Using Finite Element AnalysisIJERA Editor
Engine mounts have an important function of containing firmly the power-train components of a vehicle. Correct geometry and positioning of the mount brackets on the chassis ensures a good ride quality and performance. As an FSAE car intends to be a high performance vehicle, the brackets on the frame that support the engine undergo high static and dynamic stresses as well as huge amount of vibrations. Hence, dissipating the vibrational energy and keeping the stresses under a pre-determined level of safety should be achieved by careful designing and analysis of the mount brackets. Keeping this in mind the current paper discusses the modeling, Finite Element Analysis, Modal analysis and mass optimization of engine mount brackets for a FSAE car. As the brackets tend to undergo continuous vibrations and varying stresses, the fatigue strength and durability calculations also have been done to ensure engine safety.
Analysis and Design of Elevated Intez Water Tank based on Normal Frame Stagin...Venkataraju Badanapuri
Water is as important commodity as food and air for the existence of life. All plants and animals must have water to survive. If
there was no water there would be no life on earth. As water is very precious and due to the scarcity of drinking water in day-to-day life one
has to take care of every drop. Anelevated Intez water tank is used to store water for fire protection and potable drinking water within a
designated area or community over the daily requirement. Elevated Intez tanks allow the natural force of gravity to produce consistent water
pressure throughout the system. Elevated Intez water tanks are one of the most important structures in earthquake high regions. In major
cities and also in rural areas elevated or overhead water tanks forms an integral part of water supply scheme.
Enhancement of Heat Transfer Analysis and Optimization of Engine Fins of Vary...ijtsrd
The Engine cylinder is one of the major automobile components, which is subjected to high temperature variations and thermal stresses. In order to cool the cylinder, fins are provided on the cylinder to increase the rate of heat transfer. By doing thermal analysis on the engine cylinder fins, it is helpful to know the heat dissipation inside the cylinder. The principle implemented in this project is to increase the heat dissipation rate by using the invisible working fluid, nothing but air. As know, by increasing the surface area we can increase the heat dissipation rate, so designing such a large complex engine is very difficult. The main purpose of using these cooling fins is to cool the engine cylinder by air. The main aim of the project is to analyse the thermal properties by varying geometry, material, distance between the fins and thickness of cylinder fins. Parametric models of cylinder with fins have been developed to predict the transient thermal behaviour. The models are created by varying the geometry circular and also by varying thickness of the fins for both geometries. The 3D modelling software used is Pro/Engineer. Thermal analysis is done on the cylinder fins to determine variation temperature distribution over time. The analysis is done using ANSYS. Thermal analysis determines temperatures and other thermal quantities. In this thesis, using materials cast iron, Copper and Aluminium alloy 6082 are also for cylinder fin body. Thermal analysis is done using all the three materials by changing geometries, distance between the fins and thickness of the fins for the actual model of the cylinder fin body. K. Karthikeyan | C. Saravanan | Dr. T. Senthil Kumar"Enhancement of Heat Transfer Analysis and Optimization of Engine Fins of Varying Geometry" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd14327.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/14327/enhancement-of-heat-transfer-analysis-and-optimization-of-engine-fins-of-varying-geometry/k-karthikeyan
Design of Engine Mount Bracket for a FSAE Car Using Finite Element AnalysisIJERA Editor
Engine mounts have an important function of containing firmly the power-train components of a vehicle. Correct geometry and positioning of the mount brackets on the chassis ensures a good ride quality and performance. As an FSAE car intends to be a high performance vehicle, the brackets on the frame that support the engine undergo high static and dynamic stresses as well as huge amount of vibrations. Hence, dissipating the vibrational energy and keeping the stresses under a pre-determined level of safety should be achieved by careful designing and analysis of the mount brackets. Keeping this in mind the current paper discusses the modeling, Finite Element Analysis, Modal analysis and mass optimization of engine mount brackets for a FSAE car. As the brackets tend to undergo continuous vibrations and varying stresses, the fatigue strength and durability calculations also have been done to ensure engine safety.
Analysis and Design of Elevated Intez Water Tank based on Normal Frame Stagin...Venkataraju Badanapuri
Water is as important commodity as food and air for the existence of life. All plants and animals must have water to survive. If
there was no water there would be no life on earth. As water is very precious and due to the scarcity of drinking water in day-to-day life one
has to take care of every drop. Anelevated Intez water tank is used to store water for fire protection and potable drinking water within a
designated area or community over the daily requirement. Elevated Intez tanks allow the natural force of gravity to produce consistent water
pressure throughout the system. Elevated Intez water tanks are one of the most important structures in earthquake high regions. In major
cities and also in rural areas elevated or overhead water tanks forms an integral part of water supply scheme.
Enhancement of Heat Transfer Analysis and Optimization of Engine Fins of Vary...ijtsrd
The Engine cylinder is one of the major automobile components, which is subjected to high temperature variations and thermal stresses. In order to cool the cylinder, fins are provided on the cylinder to increase the rate of heat transfer. By doing thermal analysis on the engine cylinder fins, it is helpful to know the heat dissipation inside the cylinder. The principle implemented in this project is to increase the heat dissipation rate by using the invisible working fluid, nothing but air. As know, by increasing the surface area we can increase the heat dissipation rate, so designing such a large complex engine is very difficult. The main purpose of using these cooling fins is to cool the engine cylinder by air. The main aim of the project is to analyse the thermal properties by varying geometry, material, distance between the fins and thickness of cylinder fins. Parametric models of cylinder with fins have been developed to predict the transient thermal behaviour. The models are created by varying the geometry circular and also by varying thickness of the fins for both geometries. The 3D modelling software used is Pro/Engineer. Thermal analysis is done on the cylinder fins to determine variation temperature distribution over time. The analysis is done using ANSYS. Thermal analysis determines temperatures and other thermal quantities. In this thesis, using materials cast iron, Copper and Aluminium alloy 6082 are also for cylinder fin body. Thermal analysis is done using all the three materials by changing geometries, distance between the fins and thickness of the fins for the actual model of the cylinder fin body. K. Karthikeyan | C. Saravanan | Dr. T. Senthil Kumar"Enhancement of Heat Transfer Analysis and Optimization of Engine Fins of Varying Geometry" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd14327.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/14327/enhancement-of-heat-transfer-analysis-and-optimization-of-engine-fins-of-varying-geometry/k-karthikeyan
DATE: 2019.05
- Design of a gearbox as a power transmission system
- Calculation of mechanical design parameters
- Mechanical design process
- Bearing selection from a given catalog
- Using ISO standards for a mechanical design process
In this project, a suitable gearbox is designed, and bearings are selected for the given prime mover in a screw conveyor machine. Screw conveyors are used for granular material transporting applications such as wheat. The granular medium can be transported efficiently to any desired position, ie. horizontal, vertical or sloped position.
This project report analyzes the strength and stability of a composite diving board modeled with ANSYS. The aim of this report is to find if a composite diving board has comparable mechanical characteristics with that of an Olympic diving board.
Structural Analysis of Ladder Chassis Frame for Jeep Using Ansys IJMER
Automotive chassis frame is an important part of an automobile. The automotive chassis
frame is the structural backbone of any vehicle. The main function of chassis frame is to support the
body, different parts of an automobile and topayload placed upon it.The chassis frame has to withstand
the stresses developed as well as deformation occurs in it and to withstand the shock, twist vibration
and other stresses. Its principle function is to carry the maximum load for all designed operating
condition safelythat should be within a limit. On chassis, frame maximum shear stress and deflection
under maximum load are important criteria for design andanalysis. In these projects, we
havecalculated the von mises stress and shear stress for the chassis frame and the finite element
analysis has been donefor the validation on the chassis frame model of jeep. We have taken certain
material as Mild sheet steel, aluminium alloy and titanium alloy for the rectangular hollow box type to
design chassis frame of jeep.
Software used in this project, CATIA V5-[Product 1] for design purpose and ANSYS 14 is used for
analysis.
Seismic behavior of rc elevated water tankunder different types of staging pa...CADmantra Technologies
CADmantra Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is one of the best Cad training company in northern zone in India . which are provided many types of courses in cad field i.e AUTOCAD,SOLIDWORK,CATIA,CRE-O,Uniraphics-NX, CNC, REVIT, STAAD.Pro. And many courses
Contact: www.cadmantra.com
www.cadmantra.blogspot.com
www.cadmantra.wix.com
Structural dynamic analysis of a Formula SAE vehicleMarco Basilici
The goal of this project is to determine the dynamic structural behavior of a racing car for a Formula SAE competition. Thanks to this study it was possible to verify, under a real load history, the goodness of the structure in terms of stiffness and so the handling of the vehicle.
In this paper three different cut patterns of brake disc are studied for heat transfer rate. Heat transfer rate increases with number of cuts in the disc. This is because large area is exposed to air which makes more heat transfer through conduction and convection. But increase in number and size of cuts decreases the strength of disc. And analysed thermally in ANSYS for different material and design created in CREO 3.0.
This is a Major Project Report successfully done at DVRCET under the guidance of Mechanical Engineering Department & the Managing Director of NIRAJA TECHNOLOGIES located at Uppal (Hyderabad).
DESIGN MODIFICATION OF DISC BRAKE AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF IT BY VARYING T...ijsrd.com
Automobile braking system is one of the most important mechanical devices among the others. The disc brake is a device that slows or stops the rotation of a wheel by converting the friction to heat. But if the brakes get too hot, they will cease to work as they cannot dissipate enough heat. This condition of failure is known as brake fade. Disc brakes are exposed to large thermal stresses during routine braking and extraordinary thermal stresses during hard braking. Ventilation applications on disc brake can significantly improve the brake system performance by reducing the heating of the discs. In this study, the thermal behavior as well as the performance of ventilated brake discs using different pattern of holes will be investigated at continuous brake conditions with finite element analysis and the results will be compared with a solid disc.
Strategic Planning of Water System Projects in AlexandriaIJERA Editor
Alexandria is one of the major cities on the Mediterranean Sea. Over the past 40 years, Alexandria‟s population has doubled. Therefore Water requirements are continuously increasing due to population increase. This paper develops a framework to support decision-makers in water sector for planning major projects in Alexandria till 2037. Firstly, data gathering has been conducted and population forecasting is calculated by arithmetic and geometric methods then the future water demands are calculated, after that major projects outline is proposed. Finally the projects priorities will be determined by applying two methods of solving Multiple Criteria Decision Making MCDM problems. The first method is The Weighted Scoring Method; WSM is a powerful and flexible method of comparing similar items against a standard, prioritized list of requirements or criteria. The second method is Analytical Hierarchy Process. AHP is based on comparative evaluation method. Then Results will be analyzed. First, it was focused on the difference of the criteria weight of alternatives between the two methods. Second, it was compared the preference orders of alternatives between them, there were not much of differences in the final results. The results offered some evidence that AHP makes the selection process very transparent.
Structural and Morphological Properties of Mn-Doped Co3O4 ThinFilm Deposited ...IJERA Editor
In this study, a series of manganese (Mn)-doped Cobalt oxide (Co3O4)thin films were deposited on steel substrate by the sol-gel spin coat method and investigated the influence of doping concentrations of Mn in Cobalt ranging from 0.001% to 1% on physical, structural and morphological properties of Co3O4 thin films. Cobalt acetate[(CH3COO)2Co.4H2O], Mn acetate [C4H6MnO4.4H2O] and Isopropyl alcohol were used as starting material, dopant source and reagent respectively.X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that pureCo3O4 thin film iscrystallinein nature andcubic phase with [400] preferential orientation.For Mn doped films, three new peaks corresponding to the planes [310], [320] and [420] of orthorhombic MnO2 phase were observed.SEM micrographs showed that incorporation of Mn in Co site was found to influence the surface morphology of the films. All the films showed tetragonal shaped grains. TheEDAXanalysis revealedthe amount of Mn element in the sample increased with increasing dopant concentration.
DATE: 2019.05
- Design of a gearbox as a power transmission system
- Calculation of mechanical design parameters
- Mechanical design process
- Bearing selection from a given catalog
- Using ISO standards for a mechanical design process
In this project, a suitable gearbox is designed, and bearings are selected for the given prime mover in a screw conveyor machine. Screw conveyors are used for granular material transporting applications such as wheat. The granular medium can be transported efficiently to any desired position, ie. horizontal, vertical or sloped position.
This project report analyzes the strength and stability of a composite diving board modeled with ANSYS. The aim of this report is to find if a composite diving board has comparable mechanical characteristics with that of an Olympic diving board.
Structural Analysis of Ladder Chassis Frame for Jeep Using Ansys IJMER
Automotive chassis frame is an important part of an automobile. The automotive chassis
frame is the structural backbone of any vehicle. The main function of chassis frame is to support the
body, different parts of an automobile and topayload placed upon it.The chassis frame has to withstand
the stresses developed as well as deformation occurs in it and to withstand the shock, twist vibration
and other stresses. Its principle function is to carry the maximum load for all designed operating
condition safelythat should be within a limit. On chassis, frame maximum shear stress and deflection
under maximum load are important criteria for design andanalysis. In these projects, we
havecalculated the von mises stress and shear stress for the chassis frame and the finite element
analysis has been donefor the validation on the chassis frame model of jeep. We have taken certain
material as Mild sheet steel, aluminium alloy and titanium alloy for the rectangular hollow box type to
design chassis frame of jeep.
Software used in this project, CATIA V5-[Product 1] for design purpose and ANSYS 14 is used for
analysis.
Seismic behavior of rc elevated water tankunder different types of staging pa...CADmantra Technologies
CADmantra Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is one of the best Cad training company in northern zone in India . which are provided many types of courses in cad field i.e AUTOCAD,SOLIDWORK,CATIA,CRE-O,Uniraphics-NX, CNC, REVIT, STAAD.Pro. And many courses
Contact: www.cadmantra.com
www.cadmantra.blogspot.com
www.cadmantra.wix.com
Structural dynamic analysis of a Formula SAE vehicleMarco Basilici
The goal of this project is to determine the dynamic structural behavior of a racing car for a Formula SAE competition. Thanks to this study it was possible to verify, under a real load history, the goodness of the structure in terms of stiffness and so the handling of the vehicle.
In this paper three different cut patterns of brake disc are studied for heat transfer rate. Heat transfer rate increases with number of cuts in the disc. This is because large area is exposed to air which makes more heat transfer through conduction and convection. But increase in number and size of cuts decreases the strength of disc. And analysed thermally in ANSYS for different material and design created in CREO 3.0.
This is a Major Project Report successfully done at DVRCET under the guidance of Mechanical Engineering Department & the Managing Director of NIRAJA TECHNOLOGIES located at Uppal (Hyderabad).
DESIGN MODIFICATION OF DISC BRAKE AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF IT BY VARYING T...ijsrd.com
Automobile braking system is one of the most important mechanical devices among the others. The disc brake is a device that slows or stops the rotation of a wheel by converting the friction to heat. But if the brakes get too hot, they will cease to work as they cannot dissipate enough heat. This condition of failure is known as brake fade. Disc brakes are exposed to large thermal stresses during routine braking and extraordinary thermal stresses during hard braking. Ventilation applications on disc brake can significantly improve the brake system performance by reducing the heating of the discs. In this study, the thermal behavior as well as the performance of ventilated brake discs using different pattern of holes will be investigated at continuous brake conditions with finite element analysis and the results will be compared with a solid disc.
Strategic Planning of Water System Projects in AlexandriaIJERA Editor
Alexandria is one of the major cities on the Mediterranean Sea. Over the past 40 years, Alexandria‟s population has doubled. Therefore Water requirements are continuously increasing due to population increase. This paper develops a framework to support decision-makers in water sector for planning major projects in Alexandria till 2037. Firstly, data gathering has been conducted and population forecasting is calculated by arithmetic and geometric methods then the future water demands are calculated, after that major projects outline is proposed. Finally the projects priorities will be determined by applying two methods of solving Multiple Criteria Decision Making MCDM problems. The first method is The Weighted Scoring Method; WSM is a powerful and flexible method of comparing similar items against a standard, prioritized list of requirements or criteria. The second method is Analytical Hierarchy Process. AHP is based on comparative evaluation method. Then Results will be analyzed. First, it was focused on the difference of the criteria weight of alternatives between the two methods. Second, it was compared the preference orders of alternatives between them, there were not much of differences in the final results. The results offered some evidence that AHP makes the selection process very transparent.
Structural and Morphological Properties of Mn-Doped Co3O4 ThinFilm Deposited ...IJERA Editor
In this study, a series of manganese (Mn)-doped Cobalt oxide (Co3O4)thin films were deposited on steel substrate by the sol-gel spin coat method and investigated the influence of doping concentrations of Mn in Cobalt ranging from 0.001% to 1% on physical, structural and morphological properties of Co3O4 thin films. Cobalt acetate[(CH3COO)2Co.4H2O], Mn acetate [C4H6MnO4.4H2O] and Isopropyl alcohol were used as starting material, dopant source and reagent respectively.X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that pureCo3O4 thin film iscrystallinein nature andcubic phase with [400] preferential orientation.For Mn doped films, three new peaks corresponding to the planes [310], [320] and [420] of orthorhombic MnO2 phase were observed.SEM micrographs showed that incorporation of Mn in Co site was found to influence the surface morphology of the films. All the films showed tetragonal shaped grains. TheEDAXanalysis revealedthe amount of Mn element in the sample increased with increasing dopant concentration.
A Review on Reversible Data Hiding Scheme by Image Contrast EnhancementIJERA Editor
In present world demand of high quality images, security of the information on internet is one of the most important issues of research. Data hiding is a method of hiding a useful information by embedding it on another image (cover image) to provide security and only the authorize person is able to extract the original information from the embedding data. This paper is a review which describes several different algorithms for Reversible Data Hiding (RDH). Previous literature has shown that histogram modification, histogram equalization (HE) and interpolation are the most common methods for data hiding. To improve security these methods are used in encrypted images. This paper is a comprehensive study of all the major reversible data hiding approaches implemented as found in the literature.
Frequent Item set Mining of Big Data for Social MediaIJERA Editor
Big data is a term for massive data sets having large, more varied and complex structure with the difficulties of storing, analyzing and visualizing for further processes or results. Bigdata includes data from email, documents, pictures, audio, video files, and other sources that do not fit into a relational database. This unstructured data brings enormous challenges to Bigdata.The process of research into massive amounts of data to reveal hidden patterns and secret correlations named as big data analytics. Therefore, big data implementations need to be analyzed and executed as accurately as possible. The proposed model structures the unstructured data from social media in a structured form so that data can be queried efficiently by using Hadoop MapReduce framework. The Bigdata mining is essential in order to extract value from massive amount of data. MapReduce is efficient method to deal with Big data than traditional techniques.The proposed Linguistic string matching Knuth-Morris-Pratt algorithm and K-Means clustering algorithm gives proper platform to extract value from massive amount of data and recommendation for user.Linguistic matching techniques such as Knuth–Morris–Pratt string matching algorithm are very useful in giving proper matching output to user query. The K-Means algorithm is one which works on clustering data using vector space model. It can be an appropriate method to produce recommendation for user
A study on the Noise Radiation of a Power Pack for Construction EquipmentIJERA Editor
The Power Pack of these machines is composed of an engine, fuel tank and oil tank. Energy is transferred to the Casing Rotor through the engine inside the Power Pack. In this study, the generated noise of a Power Pack was predicted, to provide suggestions on how to improve the noise level. First, we constructed a 3D model of the Power Pack. A finite element analysis was performed using ANSYS. We then analysed the Power Pack through the generated acoustic analysis. Finally, we suggest a way to reduce the noise during the design stage using the analysis results.
A Review of Strategies to Promote Road Safety in Rich Developing Countries: t...IJERA Editor
Road safety policies, strategies and action plans, along with trends in road traffic injuries (RTIs) in the oil-rich Gulf Cooperative Council (GCC) countries were examined to appraise their road safety work with an overall objective of identifying key measures and initiatives that would reduce RTA and their resulting consequences in these countries. Data on RTIs was obtained from police and from vital statistics and was analyzed. Research papers, policy documents, and strategies, obtained from relevant stakeholders in the six GCC countries, were reviewed and discussed. Traffic Safety Programs and action plans, which were the most fundamental documents in the development of the GCC countries’ road safety policies and strategies, were reviewed. Policy documents on road safety and traffic related issues were searched on the websites of related authorities. Published research on road safety in GCC countries was searched using available databases. Analysis of accident data shows that the fatality rates in all the GCC countries are much higher than developed countries with good safety records. The six administrations started the fundamental traffic safety programs to combat the increase in RTIs, with some succeeding in reducing RTI rates by implementing vast road safety improvements. However, RTIs increased again mainly because of increasing traffic volume and high-risk driving behavior. Developing and implementing national road safety strategies in some GCC countries was successful in reducing the RTI rates. The road safety situation in the six GCC countries was assessed showing high crash and fatality rates compared to developed countries. Most GCC countries still suffer from sustainable increase in traffic crashes despite the efforts to reduce their magnitude and severity. Some of these countries have developed and implemented national road safety strategies, while countries like Oman still need to develop such a long-term strategy. Following the review of the current progress in road safety initiatives developed or implemented, it is apparent that there is still considerable room for improvement. In view of the fact that the oil-rich GCC countries have similar economic, social, and political background, a number of specific areas of action common to all countries were identified to achieve a safer road environment in the studied countries
Effects of Zno on electrical properties of Polyaniline CompositesIJERA Editor
In the present investigation, Polyaniline / Zinc oxide with various weight percentage of Zinc oxide (10%, 20%, 30, 40% and 50%) were synthesized by in-situ polymerization method. The prepared composites were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The dc conductivity of the samples was measured as a function of temperature in the range 30-180oC and it was found that increasing the concentration of ZnO particles increases the conductivity. Ac conductivity of the composites was studied with respect to frequency
Understanding Construction Workers’ Risk Decisions Using Cognitive Continuum ...IJERA Editor
During the course of performing daily tasks, construction workers encounter numerous hazards, such as ladders that are too short to reach the work area, energized electrical lines, or inadequate fall protection. When a hazard is encountered, the worker must make a rapid decision about how to respond and whether to take or avoid the risk. The goal of this research was to construct a theory about the influence of decision cues on intuitive and deliberative decision-making in high-hazard construction environments. Drawing from Cognitive Continuum Theory, the study specifies a framework for understanding why and how construction workers make decisions that lead to taking or avoiding physical risks when they encounter daily hazards. A secondary aim of the research was to construct a set of hypotheses about how specific decision cues influence whether a worker is more likely to engage their intuitive impulses or to use careful deliberation when responding to a hazard. These hypotheses are described and the efficacy of the hypotheses was evaluated using cross-tabulations and nonparametric measures of association. While most of the associations between decision cues and decision mode (i.e., intuition or deliberation) identified in this data set were generally modest, none of the associations were statistically zero, thus indicating that further research is warranted based on theoretical grounds. A rigorous program of theory testing is the next logical step to the research.
Wake-up-word speech recognition using GPS on smart phoneIJERA Editor
Wake-Up-Word (WUW) is a new prototype of speech recognition not widely recognized. Lately, the use of GPS is widely increased in everyday life that means that our necessities have changed. We can use a new paradigm in controlling the voice of a map in the digital era. This would bring benefit for people while driving a car. In this paper we present a set of voice commands to integrate within the map and navigation voice control. Using a voice control for Global Positioning System (GPS) helps to determine and track the precise location using a technology called Google API. The benefit of this application would be avoiding car accidents using speech command instead of typing.
Solar Module Modeling, Simulation And Validation Under Matlab / SimulinkIJERA Editor
Solar modules are systems which convert sunlight into electricity using the physics of semiconductors. Mathematical modeling of these systems uses weather data such as irradiance and temperature as inputs. It provides the current, voltage or power as outputs, which allows plot the characteristic giving the intensity I as a function of voltage V for photovoltaic cells. In this work, we have developed a model for a diode of a Photovoltaic module under the Matlab / Simulink environment. From this model, we have plotted the characteristic curves I-V and P-V of solar cell for different values of temperature and sunlight. The validation has been done by comparing the experimental curve with power from a solar panel HORONYA 20W type with that obtained by the model.
Influence of Ruthenium doping on Structural and Morphological Properties of M...IJERA Editor
The present work examines the effect of Ru doping on MoO3 thin films on steel substrate deposited by Sol-gel spin coat method. The annealing temperature was 6000C for pure MoO3 and 8000C for Ru doped thin films. The doping concentration of Ru was varied from 10 to 50wt%. The influence of Ru doping on structural and morphological properties of MoO3 thin films were studied. The XRD revealed that all films are highly crystalline in nature with monoclinic phase for molybdenum peaks. In the doped XRD pattern some new peaks were observed and are matched with ruthenium orthorhombic phase indicating an incorporation of dopant in pure molybdenum oxide. The same is confirmed with the compositional analysis by EDAX. The SEM images of the MoO3 resemble a rod like surface with porous morphology. Incorporation of Ru ions in molybdenum oxide decreases the length of the rods and vanishes after 40wt%. Tetragonal grain size increases from 20wt% of Ru and becomes maximum at 50wt% of Ru doped thin films
Identification of Reserved Energy Resource Potentials for Nigeria Power Gener...IJERA Editor
Electrical power is the most widely used form of power in the industrialized countries. In Nigeria the epileptic pattern of electricity supply has affected every aspect of our economy and therefore required a strong political will and commitment on the part of Government to tackle. The solution to this problem lies in identifying and harnessing the abundant reserve energy resources available in various locations all over the country. This paper thus dwelt on identifying various sources of reserve energy potentials that abound in Nigeria which when harnessed and deployed appropriately will be sufficient to provide for both immediate and future electric power need of the country. The approach deployed in the study include the review of available statistical data of Nigeria reserve energy resources; identify the scale of its availability, location and the realizable amount of electric power from such reserve. The results show that the proven and estimated reserved energy resources of coal, natural gas and new hydro potentials could contribute a total of 96,079.40MW to the grid system, and when added to the existing installed electric power generation capacity of 12,066MW will give a total of 108,145.40MW.
Speed Control of Induction Motor by V/F MethodIJERA Editor
This paper presents the design & implementation of voltage & frequency ratio constant & controller based on sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique for a single phase induction motor using fuzzy logic. The work involves implementation of an closed loop control scheme for an induction motor. The technique is used extensively in the industry as it provides the accuracy required at minimal cost. V/f controlled motors fall under the category of variable voltage variable frequency drives. The ratio of voltage & frequency must be constant.
Mechanical Properties of Sustainable Adobe Bricks Stabilized With Recycled Su...IJERA Editor
In the pursuit of cheaper and more sustainable building materialsto meethousing demands in developing countries like Cameroun, the mechanicalproperties ofadobe bricks which have been stabilized with recycled sugarcane fiber waste were investigated. Laboratory experiments were conducted using sugarcanefiber waste stabilized adobe brick specimens with fiber proportions of 0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 1.2%, 2% and 3% by weight.Fiber stabilization increased compressive strength by 58.61% for 3% bricks, reaching 4.79 MPa.Further, 3% fiber stabilized bricks shrunk by 7.49%, while the non-stabilized bricksshrunk by 12.13%. Also, 3% bricks lasted for one week before deterioration when immersed in water, while the non-stabilized bricks lasted for only a few hours. The findings confirmed that sugarcane fiber waste stabilized adobe bricks have improved strength, durability and stability. The use of abandoned sugarcane fiber waste in adobe bricks will contribute to the development of more durable, sustainable and stronger adobe brick structures, as well as reduce the environmental and economic challenges associated with the disposal of sugarcane waste.
Comparison of Total Actual Cost for Different Types of Lighting Bulbs Used In...IJERA Editor
This paper presents a comparison of actual cost for three different lighting bulbs typically used in houses. They are Incandescent light, Compact Florescent Light CFL and Light Emitted Diode Light LED. The comparison takes in respect how much each lighting bulb consumes actual power and how much it costs in respect of Kuwait’s regulation. Thus, the cost efficiency of each type is calculated. The study deals with typical houses in Kuwait taking in respect the regulation of the distribution and installation rules (R6), [1] of the ministry of water and electricity in Kuwait for the year 2014
CADmantra Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is one of the best Cad training company in northern zone in India . which are provided many types of courses in cad field i.e AUTOCAD,SOLIDWORK,CATIA,CRE-O,Uniraphics-NX, CNC, REVIT, STAAD.Pro. And many courses
Contact: www.cadmantra.com
www.cadmantra.blogspot.com
www.cadmantra.wix.com
Design and Fem Analysis of Car Alloy WheelIJERA Editor
The requirements for improved stiffness, reliability, fatigue life and increased efficiency involves challenges of developing innovative design solutions. The present work mainly focus on the design of car alloy wheel, where the analytical and FEM analysis approach was implemented to analyze baseline design. Initially static analysis was performed to obtain total deformation, strain and the stress of car alloy wheel. Three Dimensional model was created using CATIA and FE software ANSYS was used for discretization and analysis to obtain expected solution. The results were obtained through linear static analysis in terms of Total deformation while Minimum principal stress, Max Principal stress were found to be nearly equal for both 6 arms wheel and 4 arms wheel and 22.16 % of reduction in weight was observed and hence overall weight of the car alloy wheel was optimized.
Modeling and Analysis of Two Wheeler Connecting Rod by Using AnsysIOSR Journals
Connecting rod is a major link inside of a internal combustion engine. It is the intermediate member
between the piston and the crankshaft. Its primary function is to transmit the push and pull from the piston pin
to the crank pin thus converting the reciprocating motion of piston in to rotary motion of the crank. In this paper
a static analysis is conducted on a connecting rod of a single cylinder 4-stroke petrol engine. The model is
developed using Solid modeling software i.e. PRO/E (creo-parametric). Further finite element analysis is done
to determine the von-misses stresses shear stress and strains for the given loading conditions.
Design, Analysis & Balancing of 5 Cylinder Engine CrankshaftIJMER
The crankshaft is a backbone of internal combustion engine. So the design & analysis is major
aspects to get high power transmission & efficiency. The selection of material is an important parameter
while designing any mechanical component. The material should be high strength & capacity to absorb
the shocks as well as fatigue. The material also have less wear tendency. The crankshaft should be high
torque transmitting capacity. So to achieve these objectives high carbon steel are used for design &
analysis purpose. This paper gives the idea about analysis as well as proper balancing of weights by using
these three materials. The modelling is done by using solid work software & then analysis by using ANSYS
software with Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method. The 5 cylinder engine gives the power stroke at 144
degree angle. By addition of counterweights & modified design these odd cylinders are balanced properly.
The Finite Element Analysis Method is used to determine stress, strains & deflection at most stressed point
which results into failure of shaft. Results obtained from analysis are used during weight optimization. The
Shaft is analyzed using static analysis. For absorbing vibrations proper damping material is used to
achieve the requirement of safe design. The optimization results into reduction of weight as well as cost
Analysis of a Drive Shaft for Automobile ApplicationsIOSR Journals
This study deals with optimization of drive shaft using the ANSYS. Substitution of Titanium drive shafts over the conventional steel material for drive shaft has increasing the advantages of design due to its high specific stiffness, strength and low weight. Drive shaft is the main component of drive system of an automobile. Use of conventional steel for manufacturing of drive shaft has many disadvantages such as low specific stiffness and strength. Many methods are available at present for the design optimization of structural systems. This paper discusses the past work done on drive shafts using ANSYS and design and modal analysis of shafts made of Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-7Nb).
Increasing life of spur gears with the help of finite element analysisijmech
The Focus of this research is on mathematical analysis of life of gears and reducing noise frequency of gears due to change of material from C-45 to 19mncr5. Calculations for gears life was done with the help of Lewis equation and Buckingham formula. Basically life of a gear is depending upon the stress, more the stress on gear lesser life of gear will be. In this paper some major condition to perform a gear without failure is achieved i.e. tangential force should be less than tangential load to sustain static load, dynamic
load should be less than endurance load to sustain dynamic load and wear load should be less than static
load to sustain wear load. After calculation of 19mncr5 material we evaluate that endurance load acting on the gear which is greater than the dynamic load so our gear come out be safe. Also this study shows declination of noise level in 19mncr5 material compare to C-45 material.
Finite Element Analysis and Design Optimization of Connecting RodIJERA Editor
The objective of this study is to improve the design of connecting rod of single cylinder four stroke Otto cycle
engine by shape optimization. The main objective of this study is weight reduction of connecting rod and
improving its performance without affecting its functionality. Finite element analysis is one of the most
important tools of CAD/CAM CAE. For this study ANSYS analysis software is used for modeling, analysis and
shape design optimization. Initially, according to design considerations maximum loads were calculated for
various maximum operating loading conditions. Calculated loads used as a loading condition in various load
steps of FEM analysis. Stresses generated across all the locations of connecting rod evaluated using ANSYS
Workbench. For optimization ANSYS Shape optimization module is used and extracted the required shape of
connecting rod. Final CAD model of optimized connecting rod is prepared in Design Modeler. Static structural
analysis of modified design is performed and the results compared with baseline design. After result are
validated with the help of Modified Goodman’s Diagram. From the shape optimization we could able to achieve
14.73% weight reduction in existing connecting rod. Since the optimized design is having sufficient life, the
design is much improved as compared to the existing design
Similar to Design Optimization Of Chain Sprocket Using Finite Element Analysis (20)
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Design Optimization Of Chain Sprocket Using Finite Element Analysis
1. Parag Nikam. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 9,(Part-5) Sepember.2016, pp.66-69
www.ijera.com 66|P a g e
Design Optimization Of Chain Sprocket Using Finite Element
Analysis
Parag Nikam1
, Rahul Tanpure2
1&2
Department of mechanical Engineering, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering, Pune, India.
ABSTRACT
Chain sprocket is one of the important component of chain drive for transmitting power from one shaft to
another. To ensure efficient power transmission chain sprocket should be properly designed and manufactured.
There is a possibility of weight reduction in chain drive sprocket. In this study, chain sprocket is designed and
analysed using Finite Element Analysis for safety and reliability. ANSYS software is used for static and fatigue
analysis of sprocket design. Using these results optimization of sprocket for weight reduction has been done. As
sprocket undergo vibration, modal analysis is performed.
Keywords: Chain sprocket, FEA, Static analysis, Fatigue analysis, ANSYS
I. INTRODUCTION
In an automotive vehicle, engine produces
the power which is transferred to the drive shaft.
Chain drive is one of the commonly used drive
train to transfer this power. Chain assembly consist
of chain, driving sprocket and driven sprocket. The
driving sprocket is connected to engine output
shaft, which transfer power to driven sprocket by
chain. Further this driven sprocket transfer power
to drive shaft. Therefore in chain assembly driving
sprocket has a chance for design and optimization
for weight reduction. Due to high power transfer
and high speed of rotation, high stress induces in
sprocket teeth, also high speed leads to the
vibrations. Hence it is important to designand
manufacture sprocket properly, also mounting of
sprocket is important.
While transferring power from driving to
driven sprocket, chain exerts high load on sprocket
teeth.So, maximum loads acting on teeth are
calculated.Stress induced due to load should be less
than the yield stress of the material. If stress
becomes more than yield stress of material then
there is a possibility of failure. Hence static
analysis was performed to ensure that the proposed
design has factor of safety greater than one. Also
due to cyclic load acting on the sprocket from
chain, it is important to test the sprocket for fatigue
loading. In fatigue analysis fatigue life of sprocket
is calculated and it is ensured that the minimum
fatigue life is higher for safe use of sprocket for
sufficient time period. After the minimum fatigue
life, crack in the component initiated, which further
increases with time and leads to failure of
component. Therefore it is important for any
component to have sufficient fatigue life.
FEA is used to perform the static analysis
and fatigue analysis of component.This ensures the
safety and reliability of component. The results of
the FEA are used further for optimization of the
component for weight reduction. The modified
design also re-analysed before finalization. ANSYS
software is used for FEA analysis of sprocket. This
design of the sprocket has been experimentally
validated after actual implementing on vehicle and
rigorous testing of vehicle. Further sprocket design
tested for vibrations, because vibrational forces
also plays vital role in sprocket design. Modal
analysis ensures that resonance frequencies of
sprocket are out of Operating range.
II. CALCULATIONS
The formula used to calculate the force on each
tooth of the sprocket is
Tk = T0 *(sin φ / sin(φ+ 2)^k-1
Where:
Tk= Back tension at tooth k
T0 = Chain tension = 6572.68N
φ= Sprocket minimum pressure angle
17 – 64/N = 15.57o
N = Number of teeth on driven sprocket = 45
2β= Sprocket tooth angle (360/N) = 8
K = the number of engaged teeth
= (angle of wrap *N/360) = 15
The general recommendation is to use
1/3.5 of the allowable tension as the back tension
(Tk).
The maximum chain tension will act on
the first teeth and then it decreases continuously. It
is assumed that force acting after 10teeth is
negligible.
By above method we can calculate forces on 10
consecutive teeth as follows:
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS
2. Parag Nikam. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 9,(Part-5) Sepember.2016, pp.66-69
www.ijera.com 67|P a g e
Tooth number Force (Newton)
T1 1177.9
T2 1251.9
T3 846.16
T4 567.99
T5 381.27
T6 255.9
T7 171.79
T8 115.31
T9 77.4
T10 51.96
Fig.1 Forces
III. MATERIAL SELECTION
Material selection is important
consideration, due to strength and weight of
sprocket. Mild steel was used to ensure sufficient
strength of component.
Properties of mild steel
Young’s Modulus = 2* e^11 Pa
Poisson’s Ratio = 0.3
Density = 7850 kg / m^3
IV. PRELIMINARY DISIGN
CAD model with required dimensions and
standard specifications was created in Solidworks
15.
Meshing tool in ansys workbench was
used to create a very fine mesh with element size
1.5mm.
Fig.2 Meshing
a) Static Analysis
Calculated forces are applied on teeth
surfaces with direction tangential to pitch circle of
sprocket teeth. Also fixed constraints are applied at
bolt holes. Analysis was done in Ansys Workbench
16.0.
Plots showing von-mises stress and
deformation are as follows:
Fig.3 Von-mises stress plot
Fig.4 Deformation plot
Maximum Von-mises stress according to
plot is 179.08Mpa. The maximum value of stress is
less than the yield stress of mild steel, which results
in factor of safety greater than 1.While Maximum
deformation obtained is 0.01831mm. This
maximum deformation appears at point which is
subjected to maximum force.
The above stress and deformation plots
used for removing material for optimization.
b) Fatigue Analysis
Fatigue analysis was performed to
calculate the fatigue life of sprocket. The first
evidence of crack obtains after the minimum
fatigue life. Hence it is important considering
fatigue life for component design.Fatigue tool from
ANSYS Workbench was used for fatigue life
calculation. Stress-life (S-N curve) analysis was
performed;zero based force with goodman mean
stress theory was used for high accuracy of result.
3. Parag Nikam. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 9,(Part-5) Sepember.2016, pp.66-69
www.ijera.com 68|P a g e
Fig.5 Fatigue life plot
From the above plot, the minimum fatigue
life comes more than e^5 cycles, which is very
high and can be considered safe for practical
application.
V. MODIFICATION
By using results of analysis of preliminary
design optimization for weight reduction was done.
Material removed such that it does not affect the
performance and safety of sprocket.
The modified sprocketalso fine meshed in
ANSYS Workbench and further analysed.
Fig.6 Modified model mesh
VI. MODIFIED DESIGN
a) Static Analysis
Loading conditions and boundary
conditions for modified sprocket kept constant.
Von-Mises stress and deformation for modified
sprocket comes as follows:
Fig.7 Von-mises stress plot
Fig.8 Deformation plot
From above plots it is seen that due to
modification, total deformation of sprocket was
increased to 0.0564mm. which is still negligible.
This also results in reduction of von-Mises stress to
169.04MPa. Hence modified design was under
safety limit with successful weight reduction.
b) Fatigue Analysis
Similar to preliminary design, fatigue
analysis of modified sprocket was done to calculate
the fatigue life of sprocket. Which again should be
sufficiently high.
Fig.9 fatigue life plot
Hence from above fatigue life plot
minimum fatigue life was in range of e^5 cycles,
which is sufficiently high. Therefore, modified
design was safe to use.
VII. MODAL ANALYSIS
Due to very high speed of rotation, chain
sprocket is subjected to very high vibrational
forces. Hence vibration analysis is important factor
in sprocket design for safety. Modal analys was
performed to calculate natural frequencies and
mode shape of both preliminary and modified
sprocket. Mode shape obtained for both the
designwas same but natural frequencies differ.
4. Parag Nikam. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 9,(Part-5) Sepember.2016, pp.66-69
www.ijera.com 69|P a g e
Natural frequencies for both preliminary and
modified design compared as follows:
Frequency Preliminary
design (Hz)
Modified
design(Hz)
1 1665.5 1024.6
2 1679 1041.8
3 1774.5 1114.4
4 1883.5 1229.3
5 1970 1286.1
6 2492.6 1807.3
Fig.10 Comparision of natural frequencies
It is observed that natural frequencies for
modifies sprocket are less than that of preliminary
sprocket design. The amplitudes of free vibration at
a particular frequency are more for the preliminary
design and it is lesser for the modified sprocket
design. Therfore the modified sprocket’s response
to free-vibrations is better.
VIII. CONCLUSION
The design of sprocket has been
succesfuly optimized with weight reduction of
15.67%. Also von-mises stress of modified design
is lesser than preliminary design with little increase
in deformation, which ultimately results in the
safety and reliability of design. To further increase
factor of safety of the sprocket different material
with higher strength can be used.
REFERENCES
[1]. The Complete Guid to Chain (U.S.
Tsubaki, Inc., Wheeling, Illinois 1997)
[2]. Saeed Moaveni, Finite element analysis,
theory and application with
Ansys(Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1999)
[3]. V.B. Bhandhari, Design Of Machine
Element (McGraw Hills Education pvt.
Ltd. 1994)
[4]. Rexnord (n. d.). Chain Drive Design: A
guideline to calculating and designing
chain drives with a view to application-
related criteria.
[5]. Ebhota Williams S, Ademola Emmanuel,
Oghenekaro Peter,Fundamentals of
Sprocket Design and Reverse Engineering
of Rear Sprocket of a Yamaha CY80
Motorcycle( International Journal of
Engineering and Technology Volume 4
No. 4, April, 2014)
[6]. Kurt M. Marshek, Mohammad R. Naji,
Analysis of Sprocket Load Distribution
(Mechanism and Machine TheoryVol. 18,
No. 5, 1983)
[7]. Nikravesh, P.E.Computer-aided analysis
of mechanical systems.(Prentice Hall,
Englewood Cliffs 1988)