This document discusses the design and construction of roads. It describes the different materials used in road construction like aggregate and asphalt. It explains the functions of different pavement layers and the importance of thickness design based on traffic volume and soil properties. The construction process involves preparing each layer from the subgrade to the wearing surface. Tests are conducted on aggregate and bitumen to ensure quality of materials used in road construction.

1. Presented by- Sadanand Singh Pramod Singh Suraj Kumar vishwakarma
Pamkaj verma Daljeet Singh

2.  Introduction
 Project road description
 Material use in construction
 Thickness design
 Steps in construction of road

3.  A highway pavement is a structure consisting of superimposed
layers of processed materials above the natural soil sub-grade,
whose primary function is to distribute the applied vehicle loads to
the sub-grade.The pavement structure should be able to provide a
surface of acceptable riding quality, adequate skid resistance,
favorable light reflecting characteristics, and low noise pollution.
The ultimate aim is to ensure that the transmitted stresses due to
wheel load are sufficiently reduced, so that they will not exceed
bearing capacity of the subgrade.Two types of pavements are
generally recognized as serving this purpose, namely flexible
pavements and rigid pavements.This chapter gives an overview of
pavement types, layers, and their functions, and pavement
failures. Improper design of pavements leads to early failure of
pavements affecting the riding quality.

4.  Terrain
 Road alignment
 Land use
 Right of way
 Road cross section & pavement
 Drainage system
 Environmental feature
 Function and intersection

5.  Aggregate
 Asphalt and Bitumen
 Asphalt Cement
 Asphalt Concrete

6. Aggregate test
 Crushing test
 Abrasion test
 Impact test
 Soundness test
 Specific gravity and water absorption test
 Bitumen adhesion test

7. 1. Bitumen Content
2. Ductility Of Bitumen
3. Penetration of Bitumen
4. Specific Gravity of Bitumen
5. Softening Point Of Bitumen
6. Flash And Fire Point Of Bitumen

8. Several procedures can be used to calculate
the thickness of the proposed asphalt pavement. All are based on volume
and weight of the traffic that will use the facility and on the load
supporting capability of the underlying soil.The AASHTO RoadTest and
other studies have indicated that heavy-vehicle wheel loads
cause much greater damage to roads than do
light loads.Thus, where large volumes of
traffic with heavily loaded trucks are anticipated,
an in-depth analysis of the pavement
thickness is important. Because all of the
higher functional classifications have the
potential for heavy loadings, a traffic analysis
is an important part of the preparation for
thickness computations. Similarly, a knowledge
of the load-bearing capability of the soil
is an important aspect of the structural design process .

9. Preparation of road layer by layer .
 Bituminous Surface (Wearing Course).
 Base Course.
 Subbase.
 Frost Protection Layer.
 Subgrade

10.  Seal Coat
 Tack Coat
 Prime Coat
 Surface course
 Binder course
 Base course
 Sub-Base course
 Sub-grade