differences between derived and natural antibiotics and benefits of natural antibiotics

2. The word “antibiotic” refers to
substances produced by
microorganisms that act against
another microorganism.

3. An ANTIMICROBIAL is any
substance of natural,
semisynthetic or synthetic
origin that kills or inhibits the
growth of microorganisms
but causes little or no
damage to the host.
The word “antibiotic” refers to
substances produced by
microorganisms that act
against another
microorganism.
ARE ALL ANTIBIOTICS ANTIMICROBIALS?

4. ANTIMICROBIALS

8. Because of differences in the mechanisms by which antibiotics affect
bacteria, the clinical use of antibacterial may have very different effects on
bacterial agents, leading to an endpoint of either inactivation or actual death
of the bacteria.
Effectonbacteria

9. Mode of Action

10. BETALACTAMANTIBIOTICS

12. DRAWBACKS
• Antibiotic resistance –the
ability of microorganism to
produce protein that disable
antibiotic or prevent transport
of the antibiotic into the cell.

13. • It is also called as antibiotic abuse or antibiotic overuse.
• It is a contributing factor to the creation of multidrug-
resistant bacteria, informally called superbugs relatively
harmless bacteria can develop resistance to multiple
antibiotics and cause life-threatening infections.

20. NEEM PLANT

22. • The nutritional and pharmacological
properties of the whole herb in its
natural form, as it has been
traditionally used, result from
synergistic interactions of many
different active phytochemicals.
• Study suggested that higher content
of linoleic acid in O. sanctum L. fixed
oil could contribute towards its
antibacterial activity. The oil show
good antibacterial activity against
Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus
pumius and Pseudomonas
aeruginosa, where S. aureus was the
most sensitive organism.
Eugenol
Urosolic acid

24. SOME PHYTOACTIVE COMPOUND OF
TINOSPORA CORDIFOLIA

28. In a lab study, a novel extract of Tinospora
cordifolia was found to powerfully activate
different types of lymphocytes, which are
important immune factors.
It increased NK-cell (natural killer cell)
activity by a remarkable 331%, T-
cell activity by 102%, and B-cell activity
by 39%, all of which demonstrates
increased immune activity.
Components of the water soluble extract
of tinospora cordifolia appear to promote
activity and content of neutrophils.
In neutrophils, polysaccharides
from tinospora cordifolia appears to
promote phagocytosis.

29. G1-4A, A POLYSACCHARIDE FROM TINOSPORA
CORDIFOLIA INHIBITS THE SURVIVAL OF
MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
• G1-4A, a Polysaccharide from Tinospora cordifolia
Inhibits the Survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
by Modulating Host Immune Responses in TLR4
Dependent Manner.
• Combination of G1-4A with Isoniazid (INH)
exhibited better protection against MTB compared
to that due to INH or G1-4A alone, suggesting its
potential as adjunct therapy.

30. • Thrombocytopenia is a lower than normal number of platelets
(Low Platelet Count) in the blood. The number of platelets in
the blood is referred to as the platelet count and is normally
between 150,000 to 450,000 per micro liter (one millionth of a
liter) of blood.
• Various studies have shown T. cordifolia exhibit increase in
the WBC counts & bone marrow cells significantly indicating
stimulatory effect on entire haemopoetic system.
• Carica papaya is a rich source of complex biochemical
constituents including flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids,
glutathione & glucosinolates that helps boost the number of
platelets by stimulating bone marrow.
• UPLAT is a medicine having the composition of tinospora
cordifolia and carica papaya For management of
Thrombocytopenia (Low Platelet Count) due to Dengue,
Malaria, Viral, Chemotherapy, Liver Cirrhosis, etc

31. Due to the presence of immense medicinal
properties, this plant has been overexploited by
pharmaceutical companies and folk people for
traditional remedies have led to the acute scarcity
of this plant to meet the present-day demand.
Due to its high demand, T. cordifolia has been
listed amongst 29 highly prioritized medicinal
plants of agro climatic zone 8 (Rajasthan, U.P.
and M.P.) of India as identified by National
Medicinal Plant Board, New Delhi, Government
of India.

32. • The antibacterial activity was
particle size dependent. Small
particles exhibited higher
antimicrobial activity than big
particles. This result can be due to
high particle penetration when these
particles have smaller sizes.
• . A number of studies suggest that
silver ions react with SH groups of
proteins and play an essential role
in bacterial inactivation.
• The antibacterial activities of these
antibiotics were increased in
combination with silver nanoparticles
against the Gram-negative micro-
organisms, i.e.,E.
coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,

33. If it’s natural, it must be safe-.
• some natural products that are marketed to promote health may increase the risk
of liver toxicity or kidney toxicity.
• there have been many recorded cases of bleeding and/or drug interactions with
certain herbal products and dietary supplements (see next myth).
• .Extracts may contain high volumes of alcohol. Like pharmaceutical drugs, natural
products can be helpful but need to be used safely and be monitored by health-
care providers.
take natural medicines along with conventional therapies.
• many natural products can affect how drugs work.
• Grapefruit also has several well-known drug interactions. Grapefruit juice may
slow the metabolism of many chemicals, thus increasing the blood serum
concentrations of certain drugs.

34. Conclusions