This document discusses dental caries (cavities) and covers topics like the role of bacteria, diet, plaque, protective factors in food, classification of lesions, diagnosis methods, and replacement of sucrose with other sweeteners. It begins with an overview of the sequence of restoration/treatment and then delves into subtopics like the essential role of bacteria, diet and epidemiological evidence, dental plaque formation, protective vs non-protective areas in the mouth, saliva composition, and classification systems for caries.

1. Dental Caries

2. Sequence
Restoration/Treatment Of
1. Caries/traumatized tooth.
2. Defects of tooth surface and
form.
3. Pulp pathology.
4. Preventive dentistry.
5. Children dentistry.

3. 1. Dental Plaque and Caries.
2. The Essential Role of Bacteria
in Caries.
3. Diet and Dental Caries

4. Diet and Dental Caries.
1. Epidemiological Evidence
Dentists Children.
2. Hereditary Fructose
intolerance.
3. Evidence from the regulation
of diets in humans.
THE VIPEHOLM STUDY 1939.
4. The relative cariogenicity of
carbohydrates.

5. Protective Factors In
Food.
1. Anti bacterial factors in
unrefined cereals.
2. Protective factor in crude
sugars.
3. Phosphates.
4. Trace elements.
5. Vitamin B6
6. Fats and caries in coca and

6. Dental Plaque and
Caries.
1. Formation Of Dental Plaque.
2. Plaque Matrix.
3. Metabolism within Plaque.
4. Polysaccharide Synthesis.
a. Intracellular.
b. Extracellular.

7. Non-Self Cleansing
Areas
• Pits and Fissures
• Contact Areas
• Area of near Approach
• Gingival Embrasures
• Facial or Lingual Surfaces
Apical to Cervical Ridge

8. Self Cleansing Areas
• Tips of Cusps
• Crests of marginal and crosing ridges
• All inclined planes of cusps and ridges
• Occlusal, incisal, facial and lingual
embrasures
• Facial or lingual surfaces incisal or
occlusal to the height of contour with the
exception of pits, if present
• Axial angles of teeth

9. Role Of Saliva
• Composition
• pH
• Viscosity
• Flow
• Antimicrobial elements
• Antibody elemets

10. The Essential Role of
Bacteria in Caries.

11. 1. The Acidogenic Theory.
2. The Proteolysis Theory.
3. The Proteolysis Chelation
Theory.
4. The Sucrose Chelation Theory.
5. Autoimmunity Theory.

23. Classification Of Carious
Lesions.
• Initial or primary carious lesion.
• Acute rampant carious lesion.
• Pit and fissure carious lesion.
• Forward-backward carious lesion.
• Senile carious lesion.
• Residual caries.
• Simple carious lesion.
• G.V. Black Classification.
• Referred to the surface involved.

24. Methods Of Diagnosing
Caries
• Explorers
• Radiographs
• Discoloration
• Patient complaints
• Dental Floss or Tape
• Separation of teeth
• translumination

25. Why Surface Zone in
Small Carious Lesion.

26. Caries in Experimental
Animals.

27. Replacement of Sucrose by other
Sweeteners.
Sorbitol.
Xylitol.
Aspartame.
Saceharine.
Cyclamates.
Monelline.

28. Surface Zone.

29. The Small Carious
Lesion.