The document discusses population trends and distribution in Pakistan. It notes that Pakistan has experienced rapid population growth accompanied by large-scale internal migration, resulting in uneven population distribution across the country. The study analyzes factors influencing population growth and distribution such as fertility, mortality, migration, and government policies. It evaluates the impacts of migration on urbanization and recommends long-term population distribution policies and regional planning to address over-concentration of populations in large cities.

2. POPULATION OF PAKISTAN
TRENDS DISTRIBUTION
Submitted by:
Uzma Bashir
Sibgha-Tul-Zahra
Farah
Farwa Butt
Hassan Ali Bhatti

3. INTRODUCTION
Population distribution, including the process of
migration, has been studied for over a century, but the
complex inter-relationships between migration and
demographic, social, and economic factors have made
it difficult to analyze the phenomenon. Pakistan's rapid
population growth has been accompanied by large
scale internal migration resulting in the distribution of
population and subsequent undisciplined urbanization.
This study deals with some important aspects of
internal migration and uneven population distribution in
the country during the present century. The literature
review is followed by an analysis of population growth
and distribution, with emphasis on the role of
migration. The main sources of data are census
publications. Important determinants of the decision to
move, and the consequences of rapid urbanization are

4. To explain the existing population distribution pattern, a
critical evaluation of the impacts of various government
policies (both explicit and implicit) has also been
carried out in historical perspective. The study
recommends the adoption of specific long-term
population distribution policies to tackle the increasing
problems of over-concentration of population in a few
large cities of the country. These need to be
substantiated by national regional planning polices in
order to provide a basis for the nationalization of
regional plans, or for the reorganization of national
plans.

5. OUTLINE
 Introduction
 What is Population
 What is demography
o Population of Pakistan
o Population of dynamics
o Population causes
o Population obstacle
 Demography of Pakistan
 Fertility
 Mortality
 Migration
 CONCLUSION

6. What is trend Distribution of
Population
 Population distribution means the pattern of where people
live.
 Places which are sparsely populated contain few people.
 Places which are densely populated contain many people.
 What is the population trend?
 Population trend refers to changes over time and can
include changes in ranging behavior (e.g., distance and
route) and distribution, biogeography (e.g., size
of population) and life-history (e.g., birth and death rates).

7. What is Population?
A population is all the organisms
that both belong to the same group
or Species and live in the
same geographical area.
Populations may be relatively small
and closed, as on an island or in a
valley

8. What does Population actually means ???
In general , a term for the number of people
living in an area at a particular time .
How can Population Growth be defined ???
The change in population over time and can be
quantified as the change in number of
individuals in a population us “per unit time”.
The term Population Growth can technically
refer to any species , but almost refers to
humans and it is often informally , far the more
specific demographic term Population Growth
Rate.

9. What is Demography?
 Demo (People) + Grapy (write)
 The quantitative study of Characteristics of
human population
1. Size
2.Age and Sex distribution
3.Density
4.Growth
5.Vital statistic
9

10. What is Demography?
Demography is the study of human populations
(their size, composition and distribution across
place, and the process through which populations
change.
Births, deaths and migration are the ‘big three’ of
demography, jointly producing population stability
or change

11. Demography Of Pakistan
 Nationality
 Pakistani
 Ethnic groups
 Punjabi 44.68%, Pashtun (Pathan) 15.42%, Sindhi
14.1%, Sariaki 8.38%, Muhajirs 7.57%, Balochi
3.57%, other 6.28%
 Religions
 Muslim 96.4% (Sunni 85-90%, Shia 10-15%),
other (includes Christian and Hindu) 3.6%.

12. Population Of Pakistan
The Population in Pakistan was reported at 163.77 millions
persons in 2009, according to the International Monetary Fund
(IMF)
Estimated Population of Pakistan on Mar 18, 2012 179019103
according to POPULATION CENSUS ORGANIZATION.
The Population in Pakistan was reported at 184.89 billions
person in 2014, according to the International Monetary Fund
(IMF)
During 2015 Pakistan population is estimated to be increased
by 2.982 billions people and became to 187.831 billions
according to POPULATION CENSUS ORGANIZATION.

13. Population of Pakistan (cont’d)
In beginning of 2016, Pakistan Population is
expected to be 190.814 billions person.
In general, it has also been found that
where there is rapid population growth and
high fertility rates, poverty incidence is also
highest.

14. POPULATION GROWTH AND
RESOURCES ????

15. Why population Increasing day by day
 Early marriages,
 Increase in birth rate,
 Decrease in death rate,
 Desires for sons,
 Polygamy (more than two wives at a time),
 Increase in immigration,
 Inconsistent government policies,
 Lack of Information
 No family planning.

16. Population Causes Over Population
Obstacles (cont’d)
 Dangerous for economic development
 Lower per capital income.
 Low rate of savings.
 Problems for education sector.
 Housing problems.
 Food shortage
 Population and capital formation.
 Unemployment.
 Population and environment.

17. Countries with a population of 100 millions or more
Countries Population(in 1000) % of
world
1. China 1,226,838 21.2
2. India 998,056 16.7
3. USA 276,218 4.6
4. Indonesia 209,255 3.5
5. Brazil 167,988 2.8
6. Pakistan 152,331 2.5
7. Russia 147,196 2.5
8. Bangladesh 126,947 2.1
9. Japan 126,505 2.1
10. Nigeria 108,945 1.8
( SOURCE- POPULATION DIVISION, UN , 1999)

18. Demography Of Pakistan (cont’d)
 Age structure
Population 191,715,847 (2015 est.)
Growth rate 1.49%
Birth rate 31 births/1,000 population (2009
est.)
Death rate 8 deaths/1,000 population (2009
est.)
Life expectancy 63.39 years (2009 est.)
• male 62.4 years (2009 est.)
• female 64.44 years (2009 est.)
Fertility rate 3.58 children born/woman (2008
est)
Infant mortality rate 57.48 deaths/1,000 live births
(2012 est.)

19. Demography Of Pakistan (cont’d)
 Languages
 Punjabi 48%,
 Sindhi 12%,
 Saraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%,
 Pashtu 8%,
 Urdu (official) 8%,
 Balochi 3%,
 Hindko 2%,
 Brahui 1%,
 English (official), Burushaski, and other 8%

20. Demography Of Pakistan (cont’d)
Educational institutions by kind
 Primary schools: 156,592
 Middle schools: 320,611
 High schools: 23,964
 College of Arts and Sciences: 3,213
 Degree colleges: 1,202
 Technical and vocational institutions: 3,125
 Universities: 153 ( recognize by HEC)

21. Why we should study demography?
 Food Security
 Pollution
 Inflation
 Income
 Energy
 Unemployment
 Literacy
 Individual freedom
21

22. Sources of Population Data
 Vital registration
1. Births
2. Deaths
3. Marriages
4. Population registers
5. Service statistics
6. International; migration statistics
 NADRA
 Demographic Sample Surveys
 Population & Housing Censes
22

23. Demographic Processes
 Fertility
 Mortality
 Marriage
 Migration
 Social Mobility
23

24. Indicators
 Birth rate
 Death rate
 Migration rate

25. In the absence of a conscious effort to control the size of families,
the larger the fraction of the population who are in the fertile age
range the more rapid will be the population growth, and this will
influence the average age of the population structure towards the
younger end of the spectrum.
Worldwide, there are significant differences between birth rates. A major study in the
1980s, carried out by the Population Division of the Department of International
Economic and Social Affairs of the UN Secretariat, studied the relationship between
population age and sex distribution and crude fertility rates for twenty one countries in
the developing world.

26. Birth Rate
 The ratio of total live births to total
population in a specified community or
area over a specified period of time.
 The birth rate is often expressed as the
number of live births per 1,000 of the
population per year.
 Birth rate; crude (per 1;000 people) in
Pakistan was measured at 27.28 in
2010, according to the World Bank.

27.  Pakistan sixth most populous country in
world: survey * Growth rate of population
during 2012-2013 is 2.0 percent
 it is expected that Pakistan will attain fifth
position in the world in terms of total
population in 2050.

29. It is expected that the forecast bird 'flu epidemic will behave
similarly. War differentially reduces the proportion of younger
men. The majority of infectious diseases of early childhood
have been conquered by immunization, and improved nutrition
and hygiene have rendered childhood safer.
. The effect of this is to raise the population in the upper age groups
substantially. Women have high life expectancy than men wherever they
live. The down side of this is that the extended lives are often lived in
bad health, as the treatments people receive may keep them alive but
do little to ameliorate the underlying pain or disability brought on by the
diseases, and virtually nothing for the various forms of senile dementia
that are increasingly encountered.

30. Death Rate
 Mortality rate is a measure of the
number of deaths (in general, or due to
a specific cause) in a population, scaled
to the size of that population, per unit of
time.
 The total number of deaths As of July
2009 the crude death rate for the whole
world is about 8.37 per 1,000 per year
according to the current World
Factbook

32.  Migration is the movement
of people from one area to
another.
 When people move into an
area its called emigration.
 When people leave an area
its called emigration.

33. Migration
 The simple definition of migration is
“The movement of people from one place to
another place”

34. “The figure for the difference between the
number of persons entering and leaving a
country during the year per 1,000 persons.
High levels of migration can cause
problems such as increasing
unemployment and potential ethnic strife (if
people are coming in) or a reduction in the
labor force, perhaps in certain key sectors
(if people are leaving).” accurate as of
December 6, 2013

35. Type of migration
 First, internal migration, i.e. migration
within one country
 Secondly international migration, which
means the movement from one country
to another.

36.  Net migration in Pakistan was last
measured at -1999998 in 2010,
according to the World Bank.
 -2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012
est.)
 -1.84 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013
est.)
 Country comparison to the world: 160

38. 1947 migration from India
• No communication link
with KPK and
Baluchistan
• Compulsory migration
between India and
Pakistan’s punjab
• Migrants had a cultural
and linguistic link with
punjab
• Pakistan population
increased 6% (1.8m)
• No migration to KPK
and Baluchistan
• Migration increased in
Punjab - 90% to 192%
(1941-1951)
• Migration increased in
Sindh - >150% (1941-
1951)s

39. Reasons of migration
 The reasons for migration can be
divided into two main aspects, the so-
called "push" and "pull" factors.
 Push factors are those in their old place
which force people to move. For
example, there may be civil wars or
wars in general in the country, but
political or religious oppression, climate
changes, lack of jobs or simply poverty
are all important push factors.

40.  Pull factors are factors in the target
country which encourage people to
move; these include peace and safety, a
chance of a better job, better education,
social security, a better standard of living
in general as well as political and
religious freedom.

41. Migration
 Movement of people from one area to
another.
Types of migration
 In-migration: people arriving in the area
from other places. (Immigrants)
 Out-migration: People leaving the area
to go to other areas. (emigrants)
 Migration can be internal, within a
country such as rural to urban.

42. Factors of rural-urban
migration.
Rural push
factors.
Urban pull
factors.
•Over population.
•Unemployment(mech
anization)
•Natural disasters like
flood.
•Pressure on land.
•Better employment.
•Good services such
as hospitals etc.
•Better quality of food.
•Better life standard.

43. Sindh, 48.90%
Punjab,
31.30%
Balochistan,
23.30%
NWFP, 16.90%
Urbanized provinces.

44. Problems resulting from
Rural-Urban Migration
Housing
Problems:
 Deterioration of living
conditions
 Increased Health
hazards.
 The rapid growth of
slums.
Environmental
Problems:
 Air, water and land
pollution is caused by
high population in
urban areas.
 Surface and ground
water is contaminated
by dumping of
industrial waste.

45. Out-Migration From
Pakistan
 Developmental projects in the Middle East
attracted the skilled and unskilled laborers.
 The glamorous lifestyle of the advanced
countries has attracted people.
 High crime rates and terrorists activities in
Pakistan have created unrest among
people.
 Depopulation in other countries like
Canada encourage emigrantssa from
Pakistan.

46. CONCLUSION
 Hence, it is concluded that over population is a
threat for the stability and strengthening of any
nation.
 So steps should be taken to aware the people
that if the families will be small than they can
enjoy their lives with all the facilities and the next
coming generation will be healthy and organized
due to the proper attention of parents.
 Importance and advantages of small family
should be promoted in the newly married
couples and the girls who are about to get
married, because women health is also affected
with more children.

47.  Education should be promoted in
small villages and towns.
 So for a healthy family, healthy
mother and progressive society,
population control is the most
important aspect.