Cultural solidarity
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Many communities today are composed of different cultural traditions and ethnic groups that often come into conflict because they do not respect each other's worldviews and fail to reconcile differences through non-violent strategies. Cultural solidarity is best expressed through intercultural trust, empathy, respect and understanding in plural societies where different cultures learn to coexist peacefully. Concepts like ethnocentrism, xenocentrism, cultural relativism and culture shock can affect cultural solidarity when encountering an unfamiliar culture.
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Cultural solidarity
This document discusses concepts related to cultural solidarity in plural societies composed of different ethnic and cultural groups. It notes that while conflict can arise from a lack of respect or tolerance for other groups' worldviews, cultural solidarity is best expressed through intercultural trust, empathy, respect and understanding. The document then examines concepts like ethnocentrism, xenocentrism, cultural relativism and the effects of ethnicity and prejudice on cultural relations.
Ethnocentrism
The document defines ethnocentrism as viewing one's own group or culture as superior to others, as coined by William Graham Sumner. It discusses how ethnocentrism leads to stereotyping of outgroups and provides examples of ethnocentrism in various countries and cultures, including issues it can cause in the workplace when concerning language.
Ethnocentrism & Ethnorelativism
Dr. Milton J. Bennett has been active in the intercultural field since 1967. He served as a U.S. Peace Corps volunteer in Micronesia from 1968-1970, and returned to complete his doctorate in intercultural communication and sociology at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. He also holds a bachelor's degree from Stanford University and a master's degree in psycholinguistics from San Francisco State University.
Culture and Ethnic Identities by Ting-Toomey and Chung
In their 40 page article, Stella Ting-Toomey and Leeva Chung discussed the factors that affect the formation of our ethnic and cultural identities, the role of the family as a framework of our society and possible scenarios when an individual migrates/encounters a different culture.
Anth1 Culture
The document discusses several key concepts related to culture:
- Culture is learned, shared, and symbolic. It provides rules and meaning systems that are distinct from biological instincts.
- Culture is integrated and adaptive. Changes in one aspect of culture can influence other aspects as the culture aims to maintain equilibrium.
- Theories of culture include cultural materialism, which sees culture as adapting to the environment, and symbolic theories, which see culture as systems of meaning and symbols.
What is culture?
Culture refers to the customary ways that humans live and includes aspects such as diet, family structures, social organizations, and religions. An ethnic or cultural group shares aspects of culture from one generation to the next through learning. There are 12 key aspects of culture or ethnicity, including history, social status factors, family life processes, healing beliefs, religion, diet, and more. Personal culture is one's core identity developed through social interactions. Cultural competence involves self-awareness of one's own culture, awareness and acceptance of differences, understanding cultural dynamics, knowledge of clients' cultures, and adapting skills appropriately.
Defining Culture
1. Culture comes from the Latin term "cultura" meaning cultivation or agriculture, and refers to a learned system of meanings that help people make sense of the world and their place in it.
2. Culture consists of patterns of traditions, beliefs, values, norms, meanings and symbols that are shared to varying degrees within a community.
3. Culture can be thought of as an iceberg, with surface level popular culture at the top, intermediate levels of symbols and norms below, and deep levels of traditions, beliefs and values at the bottom.
Culture's Influence on Perception
Culture's Influence on Perception
By :
Alifa C. Arqitasari (16202241001)
Shinta Anindita L (16202241006)
Banu Adhi Tama_ (16202241033)
PBI Class A 2017
Yogyakarta State University
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Cultural solidarity
This document discusses concepts related to cultural solidarity in plural societies composed of different ethnic and cultural groups. It notes that while conflict can arise from a lack of respect or tolerance for other groups' worldviews, cultural solidarity is best expressed through intercultural trust, empathy, respect and understanding. The document then examines concepts like ethnocentrism, xenocentrism, cultural relativism and the effects of ethnicity and prejudice on cultural relations.
Ethnocentrism
The document defines ethnocentrism as viewing one's own group or culture as superior to others, as coined by William Graham Sumner. It discusses how ethnocentrism leads to stereotyping of outgroups and provides examples of ethnocentrism in various countries and cultures, including issues it can cause in the workplace when concerning language.
Ethnocentrism & Ethnorelativism
Dr. Milton J. Bennett has been active in the intercultural field since 1967. He served as a U.S. Peace Corps volunteer in Micronesia from 1968-1970, and returned to complete his doctorate in intercultural communication and sociology at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. He also holds a bachelor's degree from Stanford University and a master's degree in psycholinguistics from San Francisco State University.
Culture and Ethnic Identities by Ting-Toomey and Chung
In their 40 page article, Stella Ting-Toomey and Leeva Chung discussed the factors that affect the formation of our ethnic and cultural identities, the role of the family as a framework of our society and possible scenarios when an individual migrates/encounters a different culture.
Anth1 Culture
The document discusses several key concepts related to culture:
- Culture is learned, shared, and symbolic. It provides rules and meaning systems that are distinct from biological instincts.
- Culture is integrated and adaptive. Changes in one aspect of culture can influence other aspects as the culture aims to maintain equilibrium.
- Theories of culture include cultural materialism, which sees culture as adapting to the environment, and symbolic theories, which see culture as systems of meaning and symbols.
What is culture?
Culture refers to the customary ways that humans live and includes aspects such as diet, family structures, social organizations, and religions. An ethnic or cultural group shares aspects of culture from one generation to the next through learning. There are 12 key aspects of culture or ethnicity, including history, social status factors, family life processes, healing beliefs, religion, diet, and more. Personal culture is one's core identity developed through social interactions. Cultural competence involves self-awareness of one's own culture, awareness and acceptance of differences, understanding cultural dynamics, knowledge of clients' cultures, and adapting skills appropriately.
Defining Culture
1. Culture comes from the Latin term "cultura" meaning cultivation or agriculture, and refers to a learned system of meanings that help people make sense of the world and their place in it.
2. Culture consists of patterns of traditions, beliefs, values, norms, meanings and symbols that are shared to varying degrees within a community.
3. Culture can be thought of as an iceberg, with surface level popular culture at the top, intermediate levels of symbols and norms below, and deep levels of traditions, beliefs and values at the bottom.
Culture's Influence on Perception
Culture's Influence on Perception
By :
Alifa C. Arqitasari (16202241001)
Shinta Anindita L (16202241006)
Banu Adhi Tama_ (16202241033)
PBI Class A 2017
Yogyakarta State University
Elements of culture josephine manapsal
Culture refers to the shared beliefs, values, behaviors, and objects that form a society's way of life. It includes both material objects and non-material aspects like traditions and knowledge shared between generations. Culture shapes how members of a society perceive the world, determine what is considered good or bad, and structure how they interact with each other through language, norms, and other symbols. Societies provide the context for cultures to be created and shared through patterns of social interaction.
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This document discusses how culture and cultural roles are acquired. It examines this topic from both empirical and philosophical perspectives. Empirically, it analyzes how culture is transmitted through multiple sensory modes in an integrated way, including emotion, sound, space, time, body movement, touch, taste, aesthetics, and visual adornment. It provides examples of how different cultures transmit aspects of their culture through these various modes. Culturally, transmission and acquisition are seen as integrated processes. The document also discusses that early childhood and adolescence are prime times for cultural transmission and acquisition to occur.
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Culture is defined as being learned through human experience rather than innate, shared within societies through language and symbols, and adaptive over time. It satisfies basic human needs for survival and socialization through acquired habits, skills, and ideas. A key characteristic of culture is its tendency to integrate various elements into a cohesive whole that facilitates social bonding within groups.
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Culture is defined as the total knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and passed down through a specific group. A society is a group within a geographic area that shares a culture and identity. The diffusion and spread of ideas from one culture to another, as well as the adoption of innovations through acculturation, can impact languages and identities within cultures and societies over time.
Cultural characteristics that affects communication small group project
Cultural characteristics can significantly impact communication in small groups. Six key characteristics are:
1) Worldview - One's beliefs about life and their place in the world. Cultures have either a "being" view that sees destiny as predetermined or a "doing" view that believes people can influence events.
2) Individualism/Collectivism - Whether a culture prioritizes individual needs or group needs. Individualist cultures focus on individuals while collectivist cultures focus on the group.
3) Power Distance - The degree a culture accepts power differences. Low power distance cultures minimize differences while high power distance cultures emphasize status differences.
Defining features of culture
Culture is learned from social institutions like family and media, shared within a group through interaction and common symbols, and transmitted from generation to generation through both oral and written communication. It is also cumulative, building over time as new generations refine and change existing cultural aspects, and uniquely human in that while animals live in social groups, only humans possess culture that allows for communication across generations to teach values, worldviews, and ways of life.
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The document discusses how individuals are influenced and shaped by cultural and social forces outside of their control. It argues that people's identities are constructed through processes of recognition and response to the norms, laws, and codes of their surrounding culture. When an individual internalizes and responds to these external influences, it turns them into a subject subjected to predetermined cultural categories rather than being a free individual. Cultural messages, extreme differences between societies, and modes of interpellation all demonstrate how external factors construct one's identity and sense of self.
Cultural Geography
Here are some key concepts about the growth of language shown through the development of the English language:
- Languages evolve and change over time as they come into contact with other languages and cultures through things like migration, trade, conquest, etc. Old English was transformed into Middle English by Norman French influences after the Norman conquest.
- Languages diffuse from their origin as their speakers migrate and settle new lands, spreading the language with them. English diffused from Britain to its colonies around the world.
- A language may take on new prestige and importance based on political, economic or cultural factors. As the British Empire grew, so did the global influence and spread of English.
- The core vocabulary and grammar of a language remains intact
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This document defines and provides examples of key elements of culture, including language, norms, folkways, mores, and values. It discusses how language lays the foundation for culture and shapes people's understanding of reality through concepts like the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Nonverbal communication is also culturally specific. Norms establish standards of behavior, folkways are general behavioral guidelines, and mores are strict moral rules. Values represent a culture's principles.
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Cultural anthropology is the study of human cultural variation. A key goal is to understand other cultures on their own terms rather than judging them based on one's own cultural standards. Culture is learned and shared among a group, and includes ideas, behaviors, and symbols. While culture influences biology, it is learned rather than genetically encoded. Anthropologists strive to approach other cultures with cultural relativism by understanding emic cultural perspectives. Participant observation and ethnography are core anthropological methods to immerse oneself in a culture.
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Dimensions and Outcomes of Intercultural Contact
This document discusses dimensions and outcomes of intercultural contact and acculturation. It covers topics such as culture shock, assimilation, integration, separation, and marginalization as outcomes that can occur on the group and individual levels. Contemporary theories view acculturation as a dynamic learning process involving changes in behavior, attitudes, and cognition over time, rather than just a medical model of adjustment. Variables like social support, language skills, and cultural identity influence adaptation outcomes.
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1) Culture can be defined as cultivated behaviors and systems of knowledge that are socially learned and transmitted between groups of people.
2) There are different perspectives on culture, including cultural determinism which sees culture as determining human nature, and cultural relativism which sees cultures as unique and understands them in their own context rather than as superior or inferior.
3) Cultural geography examines themes such as culture as a way of life, as meaning embedded in landscapes, as everyday practices, and as relations of power between groups.
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The document discusses how culture is developed and defined. Culture refers to the characteristics of a group of people, including aspects like language, religion, cuisine, and arts. Culture is important because it enables group members to function together and must be preserved to be remembered. A traditional society is one where immediate and extended family relationships are most important, and where opportunities are limited and subsistence farming is common. Culture provides a "blueprint for living" by encompassing all daily life aspects in an area. Cultural diffusion involves the spread of ideas through contact between societies.
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1) Discrimination based on race, ethnicity, or culture is still an issue, especially in smaller towns where differences may be viewed with more prejudice or fear of the unknown.
2) While different cultural groups can live together in harmony in large cities by clustering in neighborhoods, racism is more deeply rooted in some small southern towns in the US where racial minorities still face issues like stares and insults.
3) Overcoming discrimination requires recognizing that it stems from feelings of superiority and seeing others as different, but we are all human beings who should respect each other regardless of outward attributes.
Lecture culture
Culture consists of shared knowledge and patterns of behavior that are socially learned and transmitted between members of a society. It is responsible for most differences between human groups and provides essential psychological and social development for individuals. Culture originated around 80,000 years ago when humanity developed the capacity for language, which allowed for the symbolic communication necessary for culture to exist.
Culture presentation
Culture can be defined as the shared beliefs, values, customs, and artifacts that help a group of people cope with the world and each other. It is transmitted between generations through learning. There are different types of culture, including symbolic, material, social, folk, and political cultures. Acculturation is the process where one cultural group adopts beliefs and behaviors of another dominant group through things like language change and social group membership. Alternative and countercultures exist outside mainstream culture, while subcultures have distinct cultures within a larger culture. Postmodern theorists argue that characteristics of modern societies like universal progress, large corporations, and nation states are declining, while new social movements and diversified small companies are on the rise.
Cultural solidarity
This document discusses concepts related to cultural solidarity in plural societies composed of different ethnic and cultural groups. It notes that while conflict can arise from a lack of respect or tolerance for other groups' worldviews, cultural solidarity is best expressed through intercultural trust, empathy, respect and understanding. The document then examines concepts like ethnocentrism, xenocentrism, and cultural relativism in judging other cultures, as well as the effects of prejudice, scapegoating, authoritarian personalities, cultural values, and conflict theory on cultural relations.
Ucsp week 3
This document provides an overview of cultural relativism, ethnocentrism, and xenocentrism. It discusses how cultural relativism is important for cultural understanding and avoiding ethnocentrism. Ethnocentrism is the view that one's own culture is superior, while cultural relativism recognizes that different cultures should be understood on their own terms rather than judged. The document also briefly discusses xenocentrism, which is the opposite view that other cultures are superior to one's own.
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Elements of culture josephine manapsal
Culture refers to the shared beliefs, values, behaviors, and objects that form a society's way of life. It includes both material objects and non-material aspects like traditions and knowledge shared between generations. Culture shapes how members of a society perceive the world, determine what is considered good or bad, and structure how they interact with each other through language, norms, and other symbols. Societies provide the context for cultures to be created and shared through patterns of social interaction.
How are Culture and Cultural Roles Acquired
This document discusses how culture and cultural roles are acquired. It examines this topic from both empirical and philosophical perspectives. Empirically, it analyzes how culture is transmitted through multiple sensory modes in an integrated way, including emotion, sound, space, time, body movement, touch, taste, aesthetics, and visual adornment. It provides examples of how different cultures transmit aspects of their culture through these various modes. Culturally, transmission and acquisition are seen as integrated processes. The document also discusses that early childhood and adolescence are prime times for cultural transmission and acquisition to occur.
characteristics of culture
Culture is defined as being learned through human experience rather than innate, shared within societies through language and symbols, and adaptive over time. It satisfies basic human needs for survival and socialization through acquired habits, skills, and ideas. A key characteristic of culture is its tendency to integrate various elements into a cohesive whole that facilitates social bonding within groups.
What is culture
culture is everything made ,learned or shared by the members of a society,including values,beliefs,behaviors and material objects.
Culture shock1
The document discusses the development of intercultural sensitivity and the process of moving from ethnocentric to ethnorelative stages. It defines objective and subjective culture and different levels of culture. Culture shock is introduced as the feeling of disorientation when exposed to an unfamiliar culture. A developmental model of intercultural sensitivity is presented, outlining six stages from denial to integration: denial, defense, and minimization represent the ethnocentric stages where one judges other cultures through their own lens, while acceptance, adaptation, and integration represent the ethnorelative stages where one is comfortable with cultural differences and can shift perspectives.
4.1 - The Elements of Culture
Culture is defined as the total knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and passed down through a specific group. A society is a group within a geographic area that shares a culture and identity. The diffusion and spread of ideas from one culture to another, as well as the adoption of innovations through acculturation, can impact languages and identities within cultures and societies over time.
Cultural characteristics that affects communication small group project
Cultural characteristics can significantly impact communication in small groups. Six key characteristics are:
1) Worldview - One's beliefs about life and their place in the world. Cultures have either a "being" view that sees destiny as predetermined or a "doing" view that believes people can influence events.
2) Individualism/Collectivism - Whether a culture prioritizes individual needs or group needs. Individualist cultures focus on individuals while collectivist cultures focus on the group.
3) Power Distance - The degree a culture accepts power differences. Low power distance cultures minimize differences while high power distance cultures emphasize status differences.
Defining features of culture
Culture is learned from social institutions like family and media, shared within a group through interaction and common symbols, and transmitted from generation to generation through both oral and written communication. It is also cumulative, building over time as new generations refine and change existing cultural aspects, and uniquely human in that while animals live in social groups, only humans possess culture that allows for communication across generations to teach values, worldviews, and ways of life.
Issues of identity in a multicultural society
This document discusses issues of identity in multicultural societies. It defines a multicultural society as one where people of different religions, ethnicities, languages, and nationalities live together. It then examines what makes up a person's identity, such as religion, ethnicity, language, values and beliefs. For multicultural individuals, key issues are accepting new differences, maintaining aspects of their old identity while adopting new ones, and having a changing identity that is open to variation. The document also discusses challenges that can arise in multicultural societies from differences in identities, like religious conflicts, intolerance, language and education problems, and risks of social conflicts. It concludes by suggesting ways to overcome these issues, such as respecting others, confronting discrimination
Presentation1
The document discusses how individuals are influenced and shaped by cultural and social forces outside of their control. It argues that people's identities are constructed through processes of recognition and response to the norms, laws, and codes of their surrounding culture. When an individual internalizes and responds to these external influences, it turns them into a subject subjected to predetermined cultural categories rather than being a free individual. Cultural messages, extreme differences between societies, and modes of interpellation all demonstrate how external factors construct one's identity and sense of self.
Cultural Geography
Here are some key concepts about the growth of language shown through the development of the English language:
- Languages evolve and change over time as they come into contact with other languages and cultures through things like migration, trade, conquest, etc. Old English was transformed into Middle English by Norman French influences after the Norman conquest.
- Languages diffuse from their origin as their speakers migrate and settle new lands, spreading the language with them. English diffused from Britain to its colonies around the world.
- A language may take on new prestige and importance based on political, economic or cultural factors. As the British Empire grew, so did the global influence and spread of English.
- The core vocabulary and grammar of a language remains intact
Anthro30 6 culture and its elements
This document defines and provides examples of key elements of culture, including language, norms, folkways, mores, and values. It discusses how language lays the foundation for culture and shapes people's understanding of reality through concepts like the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. Nonverbal communication is also culturally specific. Norms establish standards of behavior, folkways are general behavioral guidelines, and mores are strict moral rules. Values represent a culture's principles.
1culture1 140908203643-phpapp01
Cultural anthropology is the study of human cultural variation. A key goal is to understand other cultures on their own terms rather than judging them based on one's own cultural standards. Culture is learned and shared among a group, and includes ideas, behaviors, and symbols. While culture influences biology, it is learned rather than genetically encoded. Anthropologists strive to approach other cultures with cultural relativism by understanding emic cultural perspectives. Participant observation and ethnography are core anthropological methods to immerse oneself in a culture.
Characteristicsofculture 121211102243-phpapp02
This document discusses the fundamental characteristics and nature of culture. It states that culture is 1) a product of human behavior, 2) transmitted through learning, 3) gratifies human needs, and 4) tends to integrate society. It is shared and transmitted among members of a social group through language and other symbols. Culture is learned and acquired through experience rather than instinct, and is a social and ideational phenomenon. Cultural traits persist if they satisfy human needs and cultures adapt and change over time through processes like diffusion and convergence.
Dimensions and Outcomes of Intercultural Contact
This document discusses dimensions and outcomes of intercultural contact and acculturation. It covers topics such as culture shock, assimilation, integration, separation, and marginalization as outcomes that can occur on the group and individual levels. Contemporary theories view acculturation as a dynamic learning process involving changes in behavior, attitudes, and cognition over time, rather than just a medical model of adjustment. Variables like social support, language skills, and cultural identity influence adaptation outcomes.
Ch7 cultural geography
1) Culture can be defined as cultivated behaviors and systems of knowledge that are socially learned and transmitted between groups of people.
2) There are different perspectives on culture, including cultural determinism which sees culture as determining human nature, and cultural relativism which sees cultures as unique and understands them in their own context rather than as superior or inferior.
3) Cultural geography examines themes such as culture as a way of life, as meaning embedded in landscapes, as everyday practices, and as relations of power between groups.
What is culture
The document discusses how culture is developed and defined. Culture refers to the characteristics of a group of people, including aspects like language, religion, cuisine, and arts. Culture is important because it enables group members to function together and must be preserved to be remembered. A traditional society is one where immediate and extended family relationships are most important, and where opportunities are limited and subsistence farming is common. Culture provides a "blueprint for living" by encompassing all daily life aspects in an area. Cultural diffusion involves the spread of ideas through contact between societies.
Multicultural World
1) Discrimination based on race, ethnicity, or culture is still an issue, especially in smaller towns where differences may be viewed with more prejudice or fear of the unknown.
2) While different cultural groups can live together in harmony in large cities by clustering in neighborhoods, racism is more deeply rooted in some small southern towns in the US where racial minorities still face issues like stares and insults.
3) Overcoming discrimination requires recognizing that it stems from feelings of superiority and seeing others as different, but we are all human beings who should respect each other regardless of outward attributes.
Lecture culture
Culture consists of shared knowledge and patterns of behavior that are socially learned and transmitted between members of a society. It is responsible for most differences between human groups and provides essential psychological and social development for individuals. Culture originated around 80,000 years ago when humanity developed the capacity for language, which allowed for the symbolic communication necessary for culture to exist.
Culture presentation
Culture can be defined as the shared beliefs, values, customs, and artifacts that help a group of people cope with the world and each other. It is transmitted between generations through learning. There are different types of culture, including symbolic, material, social, folk, and political cultures. Acculturation is the process where one cultural group adopts beliefs and behaviors of another dominant group through things like language change and social group membership. Alternative and countercultures exist outside mainstream culture, while subcultures have distinct cultures within a larger culture. Postmodern theorists argue that characteristics of modern societies like universal progress, large corporations, and nation states are declining, while new social movements and diversified small companies are on the rise.
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Cultural solidarity
- 3. Many communities today are composed of divergent cultural traditions and ethnic groups origins. Conflict often result, however, because groups do not respect or tolerate each others’ world view and fail to reconcile their differences through a creative non-violent strategies.
- 4. Cultural Solidarity is best expressed in the spirit of intercultural trust, empathy, respect and understanding in plural societies where different culture learn to love together in peace.
- 7. Ethnocentrism It is the practice of judging another culture using the standards of one’s own .
- 8. 3 Things about a different culture that you didn’t know before 1.Ethiopia uses a calendar that is about seven years behind the Gregorian calendar. September 12 marks the start of the New Year for the African country , so their new millennium began on what we consider Sept. 12, 2007. 2.Cut fingers in Indonesia: are usually eccentric followed by a tribe called “Danny” in Indonesia, as they force women to cut off parts of their fingers when a family member died. In order to make them feel the same emotional pain that they feel it! 3.In some Indian tribes the man at the maintenance of beards greeting each other an expression of mutual respect!
- 10. Xenocentrism Is the idea that what is foreign is best and that one’s lifestyles, products or ideas are inferior to that of others.
- 12. Cultural RelativismThis is the process of judging culture by its own standards. It is a comparative approach that derives from an understanding and appreciation of cultures different from ours.
- 14. This occurs when people encounter a culture whose patterns of behavior are diverse from their own. They might get disoriented or disorganized, a situation brought about by unfamiliarity.
- 16. Ethnicity
- 17. Ethnicity Negative Effects of 1. Divides humanity, fuels anger and provokes animosity. 2. Sets human beings apart because of their cultural color and social heritage 3. Establishes racial or ethnic minority . Minorities share a distinctive a quality (race, sex, gender, physical; disability quality , etc. and are subordinated.
- 18. Prejudice It refers to a rigid and irrational generalization about an entire category.
- 21. A scapegoat is a person with little power who is unfairly blamed for the trouble of others. SCAPEGOATTHEORY
- 22. Authoritarian Personality TheoryIt states that extreme prejudice forms a personality trait. A person who is intolerant of one of the minority is usually intolerant to all.
- 24. CulturalTheory It states that a certain measure of prejudice is embedded in cultural values. This is al so the feeling of social superiority to their race.
- 26. Conflict Theory It uses the ideology of prejudice to justify the oppression of the minority.