1) Wireless networks have seen exponential growth in capacity and speed over the past decades. However, the radio frequency spectrum is now crowded.
2) Cognitive radio is an intelligent radio that can be dynamically programmed and configured. It shows promise for more efficiently utilizing the scarce spectrum by allowing networks to cooperatively share spectrum and infrastructure.
3) Researchers are developing protocols for symbiotic networks that can cooperatively discover each other, negotiate communication parameters, and incentivize sharing of resources across network boundaries. This paves the way for more efficient use of spectrum and energy as well as improved quality of service.
The document discusses the challenges of future packet networks and fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) deployment alternatives. It argues that next generation access networks will be based on fiber deployments using Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Network (GPON) technology. GPON is presented as the best candidate due to its pragmatic and simple approach in addressing all services while requiring less space and equipment at lower costs than other alternatives. The document also summarizes how GPON Doctor can help monitor and analyze GPON network traffic and performance.
COMSTAR-UTS is a leading Russian telecommunications company providing broadband internet, IPTV, and other services. Andrey Alekseyev discussed COMSTAR-UTS's network and IPTV infrastructure, noting its large scale in Moscow with over 200 access nodes and 4000 DSLAMs. He highlighted challenges in ensuring quality of service (QoS) and quality of experience (QoE) given the old copper infrastructure and mix of managed and unmanaged devices. Alekseyev also discussed efforts to monitor service quality, including the use of industry standard and proprietary fault and performance management tools to monitor the complex IPTV and network systems.
Presentation from SIEPON Seminar on 20 April in Czech Republic, sponsored by IEEE-SA & CAG. Opinions presented by the speakers in this presentation are their own, and not necessarily those of their employers or of IEEE.
Presentation from SIEPON Seminar on 20 April in Czech Republic, sponsored by IEEE-SA & CAG. Opinions presented by the speakers in this presentation are their own, and not necessarily those of their employers or of IEEE.
This document provides an overview of the LTE radio layer 2, radio resource control (RRC), and radio access network architecture. It discusses the E-UTRAN architecture including eNodeBs, home eNodeBs, and relays. It describes the user plane including bearer services, the user plane protocol stack with PDCP, RLC, and MAC layers, and security and transport functions. It also outlines the control plane including connection control and RRC states, and highlights features like interoperability, self-organizing networks, positioning, broadcasting, latency evaluations, and LTE-Advanced.
Presentation from SIEPON Seminar on 20 April in Czech Republic, sponsored by IEEE-SA & CAG. Opinions presented by the speakers in this presentation are their own, and not necessarily those of their employers or of IEEE.
Presentation from SIEPON Seminar on 20 April in Czech Republic, sponsored by IEEE-SA & CAG. Opinions presented by the speakers in this presentation are their own, and not necessarily those of their employers or of IEEE.
The document discusses self-organizing networks (SON) and interference management techniques in SON. It explains that SON aims to reduce network deployment and maintenance costs through self-configuration, self-optimization, and self-healing. A key challenge is interference between indoor femtocells and outdoor macrocells. The document discusses how SON uses measurements from UEs and base stations to detect interference scenarios and optimize parameters like transmit power to mitigate interference.
The document discusses the challenges of future packet networks and fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) deployment alternatives. It argues that next generation access networks will be based on fiber deployments using Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Network (GPON) technology. GPON is presented as the best candidate due to its pragmatic and simple approach in addressing all services while requiring less space and equipment at lower costs than other alternatives. The document also summarizes how GPON Doctor can help monitor and analyze GPON network traffic and performance.
COMSTAR-UTS is a leading Russian telecommunications company providing broadband internet, IPTV, and other services. Andrey Alekseyev discussed COMSTAR-UTS's network and IPTV infrastructure, noting its large scale in Moscow with over 200 access nodes and 4000 DSLAMs. He highlighted challenges in ensuring quality of service (QoS) and quality of experience (QoE) given the old copper infrastructure and mix of managed and unmanaged devices. Alekseyev also discussed efforts to monitor service quality, including the use of industry standard and proprietary fault and performance management tools to monitor the complex IPTV and network systems.
Presentation from SIEPON Seminar on 20 April in Czech Republic, sponsored by IEEE-SA & CAG. Opinions presented by the speakers in this presentation are their own, and not necessarily those of their employers or of IEEE.
Presentation from SIEPON Seminar on 20 April in Czech Republic, sponsored by IEEE-SA & CAG. Opinions presented by the speakers in this presentation are their own, and not necessarily those of their employers or of IEEE.
This document provides an overview of the LTE radio layer 2, radio resource control (RRC), and radio access network architecture. It discusses the E-UTRAN architecture including eNodeBs, home eNodeBs, and relays. It describes the user plane including bearer services, the user plane protocol stack with PDCP, RLC, and MAC layers, and security and transport functions. It also outlines the control plane including connection control and RRC states, and highlights features like interoperability, self-organizing networks, positioning, broadcasting, latency evaluations, and LTE-Advanced.
Presentation from SIEPON Seminar on 20 April in Czech Republic, sponsored by IEEE-SA & CAG. Opinions presented by the speakers in this presentation are their own, and not necessarily those of their employers or of IEEE.
Presentation from SIEPON Seminar on 20 April in Czech Republic, sponsored by IEEE-SA & CAG. Opinions presented by the speakers in this presentation are their own, and not necessarily those of their employers or of IEEE.
The document discusses self-organizing networks (SON) and interference management techniques in SON. It explains that SON aims to reduce network deployment and maintenance costs through self-configuration, self-optimization, and self-healing. A key challenge is interference between indoor femtocells and outdoor macrocells. The document discusses how SON uses measurements from UEs and base stations to detect interference scenarios and optimize parameters like transmit power to mitigate interference.
The document discusses Layer 2 VPN over MPLS, including concepts of Virtual Private Wire Service (VPWS) and Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS). It covers characteristics of Layer 3 and Layer 2 VPNs and concepts of L2 VPN signaling using protocols like LDP and BGP. The document also provides examples of encapsulation and data flow for Ethernet over MPLS (EoMPLS) and Frame Relay over MPLS (FRoMPLS) L2 VPN services.
Presentation from SIEPON Seminar on 20 April in Czech Republic, sponsored by IEEE-SA & CAG. Opinions presented by the speakers in this presentation are their own, and not necessarily those of their employers or of IEEE.
Service Density By Xelerated At Linley SeminarXelerated
This document discusses carrier Ethernet service density and the Xelerated HX family of network processors. It defines service density as the amount of network services simultaneously supported by a packet processing device at wire speed. The two key components that determine service density are service processing and service classification/lookups. The presentation examines Xelerated's evolution in these areas over time and how its new HX330 and HX320 network processors achieve the highest levels of service density and efficiency in the industry. Details are provided on the architecture and capabilities of these 100Gbps HX processors.
This document provides an overview of Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and the emergence of Metro Ethernet services. It discusses how Metro Ethernet has evolved from legacy networks utilizing technologies like SONET/SDH and ATM to new optical Ethernet and MPLS-based services. VPLS allows enterprises to connect multiple LAN sites over a shared infrastructure using Ethernet interfaces while maintaining privacy and security. The document also examines trends in residential broadband access and IP/broadcast convergence using Metro Ethernet.
Presentation from SIEPON Seminar on 20 April in Czech Republic, sponsored by IEEE-SA & CAG. Opinions presented by the speakers in this presentation are their own, and not necessarily those of their employers or of IEEE.
TR-156 Monitoring features provides a complete, fast and reliable tool for GPON diagnosis. It describes network architectures and deployment scenarios for Ethernet-based GPON aggregation networks including:
- Fiber To The Home (FTTH), Fiber Into The Home (FITH), and Fiber To The Office (FTTO) deployments.
- Traffic control facilities in ONUs for upstream and downstream traffic including GEM ports, T-CONTs, and priority control.
- Residential N:1 VLAN tagging where traffic is single-tagged with an S-Tag throughout the aggregation network.
- An example residential N:1 VLAN configuration translating between C-VLAN and S-VLAN
Multiprotocol Label Switching - A brief introduction to the most relevant asp...Alberto Serna
Slides from a presentation to show the utility of MPLS and MPLS-TP to my classmates from the Master's Degree in Telecommunication Engineering at University of Extremadura.
It is just a brief introduction, but you can find the references at the end of the file.
Presentation from SIEPON Seminar on 20 April in Czech Republic, sponsored by IEEE-SA & CAG. Opinions presented by the speakers in this presentation are their own, and not necessarily those of their employers or of IEEE.
PERN2 is a high-speed national research and education network for universities and academic institutions in Pakistan. It will provide integrated communication infrastructure using advanced ICT. The network will connect major cities through 10GbE metro networks and provide services like VOIP, online lectures, streaming, VPNs, and high-speed internet. It will also connect to international research networks through a 155Mbps link to the TEIN2 network in Singapore. The PERN2 network uses MPLS and other technologies to establish redundancy and fault tolerance across its IP/MPLS backbone.
The document introduces the new PMP 450 wireless broadband solution from Cambium Networks, which combines traditional reliability of Canopy networks with state-of-the-art OFDM technology to provide ultra-broadband wireless access. The PMP 450 dramatically increases overall system capacity to 90 Mbps per access point and 540 Mbps per tower using OFDM and MIMO technologies. It also utilizes different antenna options to provide coverage across large areas for applications such as delivering voice, video, and data services to homes and businesses.
The document summarizes the key advantages of Cambium Networks' Canopy wireless technology over the past 10 years. It notes that Canopy has maintained technological advantages that have led to over 3.5 million modules installed. Specifically, Canopy provides operator-class quality that is now accessible to anyone wanting to start a WISP business without compromising network quality.
The document discusses requirements for efficient mobile backhaul with carrier Ethernet to support LTE networks. It covers:
- LTE network architecture and how it impacts transport network requirements, including the need for multiservice capability, low cost per bit transport, and support for a transition to packet-based networks.
- Key transport network requirements created by LTE like powerful OAM, fast protection switching, strong QoS support, security, and interoperability with the packet core.
- How MPLS-TP can fulfill these requirements through features like VPN support, bearer provisioning across interfaces, coordinated tunnel setup, comprehensive OAM tools, and protection switching capabilities.
The document proposes Ethernet VPN (E-VPN) as a solution to overcome scaling challenges with the existing Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) technology. E-VPN uses MPLS and BGP to transport layer 2 connectivity between data centers. It treats MAC addresses as routable addresses and uses MP-iBGP to distribute customer MAC addresses between edge routers. This allows for remote MAC learning and helps scale to thousands of MAC addresses. The document also describes how E-VPN uses Ethernet Segment IDs and split horizon labels to avoid layer 2 loops in multi-homing scenarios.
The document is a tutorial on L2VPN (Layer 2 Virtual Private Networks) that provides an agenda covering introductions, concepts, transports, services, pseudowire stitching, QoS, and demonstrations. It defines L2VPN as providing an end-to-end layer 2 connection across a service provider's MPLS or IP core, allowing legacy services like Frame Relay and ATM to be migrated to an MPLS/IP infrastructure. It also describes the need for L2VPN, models like VPLS and VPWS, basic building blocks of pseudowires, and control plane requirements.
This document provides an introduction to computer networking principles and concepts. It discusses how networks allow transmission of information between senders and receivers. Networks can be classified based on their geographical coverage, from local area networks covering distances of meters to kilometers, to wide area networks spanning hundreds of kilometers. The document also covers fundamental networking topics like transmission modes (unicast, multicast, broadcast, anycast), circuit switching versus packet switching, and the evolution of networks from telephone systems to modern computer networks.
Unified MPLS. Построение современных и масштабируемых MPLS-сетей. Cisco Russia
The document discusses Cisco's unified MPLS technology. Some key points:
- MPLS is an effective packet transport technology and enables virtualization of transport services.
- Unified MPLS provides a scalable solution for a single transport infrastructure for both mobile and wireline services.
- Unified MPLS from the access network to the core network can minimize operational costs by providing a single control plane and service unification.
The document discusses the network layer in computer networking. It covers two modes of operation for the network layer: datagram transmission mode and virtual circuit organization. In datagram mode, each packet contains source and destination addresses and routers make forwarding decisions on a hop-by-hop basis using routing tables. Virtual circuit organization pre-establishes paths between sources and destinations to simplify router forwarding.
The document discusses the evolution of mobile network architectures from GSM to LTE and SAE. It introduces LTE and SAE, describing them as the radio access network and core network respectively for 3GPP's Evolved Packet System. It provides an overview of the SAE architecture, which includes the Evolved Packet Core and eUTRAN. The core network provides access to external networks and performs functions like QoS, security and mobility management, while the radio access network handles radio interface functions.
Vânia goncalves isbo ng wi nets - accounting interferenceimec.archive
This document discusses the impact of interference on revenue from spectrum sharing. It first provides background on spectrum allocation and sensing. It then describes models for estimating how allowing secondary usage impacts primary users and owners' revenue. Case studies examine interference between technologies like 802.15.4 and Wi-Fi, UMTS and UWB, and WiMAX and fixed wireless access. The document concludes that interference effects depend on the technologies, applications, and contexts involved.
The document discusses Layer 2 VPN over MPLS, including concepts of Virtual Private Wire Service (VPWS) and Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS). It covers characteristics of Layer 3 and Layer 2 VPNs and concepts of L2 VPN signaling using protocols like LDP and BGP. The document also provides examples of encapsulation and data flow for Ethernet over MPLS (EoMPLS) and Frame Relay over MPLS (FRoMPLS) L2 VPN services.
Presentation from SIEPON Seminar on 20 April in Czech Republic, sponsored by IEEE-SA & CAG. Opinions presented by the speakers in this presentation are their own, and not necessarily those of their employers or of IEEE.
Service Density By Xelerated At Linley SeminarXelerated
This document discusses carrier Ethernet service density and the Xelerated HX family of network processors. It defines service density as the amount of network services simultaneously supported by a packet processing device at wire speed. The two key components that determine service density are service processing and service classification/lookups. The presentation examines Xelerated's evolution in these areas over time and how its new HX330 and HX320 network processors achieve the highest levels of service density and efficiency in the industry. Details are provided on the architecture and capabilities of these 100Gbps HX processors.
This document provides an overview of Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and the emergence of Metro Ethernet services. It discusses how Metro Ethernet has evolved from legacy networks utilizing technologies like SONET/SDH and ATM to new optical Ethernet and MPLS-based services. VPLS allows enterprises to connect multiple LAN sites over a shared infrastructure using Ethernet interfaces while maintaining privacy and security. The document also examines trends in residential broadband access and IP/broadcast convergence using Metro Ethernet.
Presentation from SIEPON Seminar on 20 April in Czech Republic, sponsored by IEEE-SA & CAG. Opinions presented by the speakers in this presentation are their own, and not necessarily those of their employers or of IEEE.
TR-156 Monitoring features provides a complete, fast and reliable tool for GPON diagnosis. It describes network architectures and deployment scenarios for Ethernet-based GPON aggregation networks including:
- Fiber To The Home (FTTH), Fiber Into The Home (FITH), and Fiber To The Office (FTTO) deployments.
- Traffic control facilities in ONUs for upstream and downstream traffic including GEM ports, T-CONTs, and priority control.
- Residential N:1 VLAN tagging where traffic is single-tagged with an S-Tag throughout the aggregation network.
- An example residential N:1 VLAN configuration translating between C-VLAN and S-VLAN
Multiprotocol Label Switching - A brief introduction to the most relevant asp...Alberto Serna
Slides from a presentation to show the utility of MPLS and MPLS-TP to my classmates from the Master's Degree in Telecommunication Engineering at University of Extremadura.
It is just a brief introduction, but you can find the references at the end of the file.
Presentation from SIEPON Seminar on 20 April in Czech Republic, sponsored by IEEE-SA & CAG. Opinions presented by the speakers in this presentation are their own, and not necessarily those of their employers or of IEEE.
PERN2 is a high-speed national research and education network for universities and academic institutions in Pakistan. It will provide integrated communication infrastructure using advanced ICT. The network will connect major cities through 10GbE metro networks and provide services like VOIP, online lectures, streaming, VPNs, and high-speed internet. It will also connect to international research networks through a 155Mbps link to the TEIN2 network in Singapore. The PERN2 network uses MPLS and other technologies to establish redundancy and fault tolerance across its IP/MPLS backbone.
The document introduces the new PMP 450 wireless broadband solution from Cambium Networks, which combines traditional reliability of Canopy networks with state-of-the-art OFDM technology to provide ultra-broadband wireless access. The PMP 450 dramatically increases overall system capacity to 90 Mbps per access point and 540 Mbps per tower using OFDM and MIMO technologies. It also utilizes different antenna options to provide coverage across large areas for applications such as delivering voice, video, and data services to homes and businesses.
The document summarizes the key advantages of Cambium Networks' Canopy wireless technology over the past 10 years. It notes that Canopy has maintained technological advantages that have led to over 3.5 million modules installed. Specifically, Canopy provides operator-class quality that is now accessible to anyone wanting to start a WISP business without compromising network quality.
The document discusses requirements for efficient mobile backhaul with carrier Ethernet to support LTE networks. It covers:
- LTE network architecture and how it impacts transport network requirements, including the need for multiservice capability, low cost per bit transport, and support for a transition to packet-based networks.
- Key transport network requirements created by LTE like powerful OAM, fast protection switching, strong QoS support, security, and interoperability with the packet core.
- How MPLS-TP can fulfill these requirements through features like VPN support, bearer provisioning across interfaces, coordinated tunnel setup, comprehensive OAM tools, and protection switching capabilities.
The document proposes Ethernet VPN (E-VPN) as a solution to overcome scaling challenges with the existing Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) technology. E-VPN uses MPLS and BGP to transport layer 2 connectivity between data centers. It treats MAC addresses as routable addresses and uses MP-iBGP to distribute customer MAC addresses between edge routers. This allows for remote MAC learning and helps scale to thousands of MAC addresses. The document also describes how E-VPN uses Ethernet Segment IDs and split horizon labels to avoid layer 2 loops in multi-homing scenarios.
The document is a tutorial on L2VPN (Layer 2 Virtual Private Networks) that provides an agenda covering introductions, concepts, transports, services, pseudowire stitching, QoS, and demonstrations. It defines L2VPN as providing an end-to-end layer 2 connection across a service provider's MPLS or IP core, allowing legacy services like Frame Relay and ATM to be migrated to an MPLS/IP infrastructure. It also describes the need for L2VPN, models like VPLS and VPWS, basic building blocks of pseudowires, and control plane requirements.
This document provides an introduction to computer networking principles and concepts. It discusses how networks allow transmission of information between senders and receivers. Networks can be classified based on their geographical coverage, from local area networks covering distances of meters to kilometers, to wide area networks spanning hundreds of kilometers. The document also covers fundamental networking topics like transmission modes (unicast, multicast, broadcast, anycast), circuit switching versus packet switching, and the evolution of networks from telephone systems to modern computer networks.
Unified MPLS. Построение современных и масштабируемых MPLS-сетей. Cisco Russia
The document discusses Cisco's unified MPLS technology. Some key points:
- MPLS is an effective packet transport technology and enables virtualization of transport services.
- Unified MPLS provides a scalable solution for a single transport infrastructure for both mobile and wireline services.
- Unified MPLS from the access network to the core network can minimize operational costs by providing a single control plane and service unification.
The document discusses the network layer in computer networking. It covers two modes of operation for the network layer: datagram transmission mode and virtual circuit organization. In datagram mode, each packet contains source and destination addresses and routers make forwarding decisions on a hop-by-hop basis using routing tables. Virtual circuit organization pre-establishes paths between sources and destinations to simplify router forwarding.
The document discusses the evolution of mobile network architectures from GSM to LTE and SAE. It introduces LTE and SAE, describing them as the radio access network and core network respectively for 3GPP's Evolved Packet System. It provides an overview of the SAE architecture, which includes the Evolved Packet Core and eUTRAN. The core network provides access to external networks and performs functions like QoS, security and mobility management, while the radio access network handles radio interface functions.
Vânia goncalves isbo ng wi nets - accounting interferenceimec.archive
This document discusses the impact of interference on revenue from spectrum sharing. It first provides background on spectrum allocation and sensing. It then describes models for estimating how allowing secondary usage impacts primary users and owners' revenue. Case studies examine interference between technologies like 802.15.4 and Wi-Fi, UMTS and UWB, and WiMAX and fixed wireless access. The document concludes that interference effects depend on the technologies, applications, and contexts involved.
I Minds2009 Michela Pollone Csp–Innovazione Nelle Ict Innovative Paths To I...imec.archive
CSP is a non-profit research organization based in Turin, Italy that specializes in ICT innovation. It has over 40 employees and focuses on experimental development and industrial research through technology labs, living lab projects, and making ICT ubiquitous. CSP works with local universities and companies to develop the region's innovation potential and create value through joining technological and creative capabilities.
This document provides an overview of various psychological disorders including: anxiety disorders like generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and obsessive compulsive disorder; somatoform disorders like hypochondriasis and conversion disorder; dissociative disorders like amnesia and dissociative identity disorder; mood disorders like depression; schizophrenic disorders; and personality disorders like borderline personality disorder. For each disorder, key symptoms and findings from related studies are described. The document also discusses models of abnormality, diagnosis of disorders, and comorbidity between disorders.
20081114 Friday Food iLabt Ingrid Moermanimec.archive
The document discusses wireless networks and the IBBT Wireless Lab. It provides an overview of wireless sensor networks (WSN), wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSAN), and wireless mesh networks (WMN). It then describes the IBBT Wireless Lab, its features, and how it can be used to test wireless network protocols and applications at a large scale. Finally, it highlights some example use cases developed through IBBT cooperative research projects, including wireless building automation, deployment of wireless services, crisis intervention applications, and logistic chain management.
2008 Brokerage 02 Test Beds And Living Labs [Compatibility Mode]imec.archive
This document describes several test beds and living labs operated by IBBT. It summarizes:
1) IBBT operates three main test beds - iLab.o focuses on open innovation and policy experimentation using a wireless campus network. iLab.u evaluates user experiences of new technologies. iLab.t provides infrastructure to test network performance and service quality.
2) Examples of projects using these facilities include development of interactive TV in Flanders and a trial of a digital newspaper on an e-reader.
3) IBBT aims to support research and innovation through multi-stakeholder collaboration in these test beds and living labs.
This document summarizes a study that compares Belgian and Dutch e-commerce websites to investigate if cultural differences between the two countries are reflected online. The study analyzed 40 websites from each country across various sectors. Results found that Belgian websites reflected higher levels of power distance and masculinity compared to Dutch websites, as indicated by providing more company hierarchy information, depicting CEOs more frequently, and using superlatives and explicit comparisons more often. Contrary to expectations, Belgian websites did not reflect higher uncertainty avoidance. No significant differences were found in levels of collectivism reflected on the websites.
The document discusses EU grid research activities and priorities for FP7. It summarizes grid research conducted in FP6, including over 130 million euros in funding that supported projects focused on grid technologies, applications, and infrastructure deployments. Major projects are highlighted, such as EGEE, DEISA and GÉANT2, which built pan-European grid infrastructures for e-science applications. The priorities for continued research in FP7 are outlined, with a focus on further developing grid technologies, applications, and deploying high performance grids.
I Minds2009 Secure And Distributed Software Prof Wouter Joosen (Ibbt Distri...imec.archive
This document discusses secure and distributed software. It summarizes the security research expertise at IBBT-DistriNet, including secure programming languages, security middleware, cryptography, privacy technologies, and more. It highlights several research projects in security, such as PecMan which introduced a security service bus, Turbine on digital identity solutions, and HATS to develop advanced software validation tools. The document emphasizes the relevance of this security research given trends towards more distributed systems and growing privacy needs. It outlines IBBT-DistriNet's vision to be a leader in security research and its collaborations within Europe and Flanders.
Brokerage2006 independent living systemsimec.archive
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses a living lab for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to involve users in the product development process from an early stage. Some key benefits mentioned include detecting unintended problems or opportunities through active user involvement, conducting multi-method research to enrich products academically, and allowing technologies to be domesticated by users rather than just consumed. The living lab offers services to SMEs to help fast track the process from ideation to demonstration through co-creation with various user types and extra funding and support opportunities.
Crsm 8 2009 John Chapin Mit Cognitive Use Of Tv White Spaceimec.archive
The document summarizes a presentation on cognitive use of TV whitespace and the associated regulatory and market implications. It discusses how cognitive radio techniques could be used to access unused TV spectrum in the US while protecting existing primary users. It analyzes the FCC's proposal to allow unlicensed secondary access and compares it to alternative market-oriented and non-market policy options. It also examines some key technical challenges for the FCC approach and uncertainties around potential viable applications and market adoption.
Dirk Beernaert - a European Strategy for Smart, Sustainable and Inclusive Growthimec.archive
The document outlines the European Union's strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth through research and innovation. It discusses several flagship initiatives including the Digital Agenda for Europe and Innovation Union. It emphasizes supporting regions through smart specialization strategies to develop competitive advantages and innovation ecosystems in key areas like nanotechnology and advanced manufacturing. Funds from programs like Horizon 2020 and Cohesion Policy will help regions implement these strategies and contribute to achieving the EU's 2020 targets.
The document discusses the DEUS project which aims to develop wireless services and networks with easy deployment and use. It studies applications in cultural events, indoor guidance, and senior mobility support. The challenges include collecting and analyzing sensor data, developing intelligent reasoning software, and designing intuitive user interfaces. The project evaluates concepts using proof of concept tests and uses cases for senior tracking and guided tours. [/SUMMARY]
Lahjoitamme yrityksesi käyttöön parhaat opit Internetin eri osa-alueiden liiketoiminnallisesta hyödyntämisestä. Tiivistämme tietotaitomme helposti ymmärrettävään muotoon sähköisiksi pikaoppaiksi, jotka ovat ladattavissasi sivustoltamme.
Tämä pikaopas käsittelee sosiaalisen median tuloksellista hyötykäyttöä liiketoiminnassasi. Tutustutamme sinut erilaisiin sosiaalisen median palveluihin sekä muun muassa sosiaalisen median ohjeiston rakentamiseen yrityksellesi.
Visual Interpreting Services is a social enterprise that aims to provide accessible and affordable telecommunication services for deaf, hard of hearing, and hearing users through video interpreting. It seeks to offer a total conversation solution using innovative visual products to allow equal exchange of information between these groups. The company plans to lobby the government to help decrease expenses for the deaf community and improve their employment and inclusion opportunities.
While LTE is the future in telecommunications, in light of the negative business case around 2.3/2.6Ghz deployments, the Indian roadmap looks a little less promising then it should be.
This document provides an overview of LTE and EPC networks. It describes the evolution of wireless networks from 1G to 4G technologies such as LTE. It outlines the key components of the LTE/EPC network architecture including eNodeBs, MMEs, SGWs, and PGWs. It also describes the tracking area and connection state concepts for mobility management in LTE networks. Finally, it discusses EPS bearers which provide the identity and connectivity for data transmission from the UE through the EUTRAN and EPC to external networks.
This document discusses requirements for an optical fiber backbone to serve a multiservice home network. It presents the services and applications that will be used in home networks, including basic telecommunications, internet, video, virtual environments, remote services, and e-health. It notes that online virtual environments have the most stringent delay requirements below 100ms. The document then discusses using plastic optical fiber for home networking and the evolution of optical home area networks with a two-layer architecture using an optical backbone and local extenders.
The document discusses how optical Ethernet can help telecommunications networks meet increasing bandwidth demands from new services like HD video. It describes how optical Ethernet provides gigabit capacity to multiple homes using fiber to the home infrastructure. It also summarizes how networks can smoothly migrate to optical Ethernet by upgrading existing DSL networks or migrating leased line services.
This document discusses the history and development of fiber optic networks from 1987 to 2006, focusing on fiber to the home (FTTH) technologies. It describes early proposals for fiber networks to address saturation in the long haul fiber market. Passive optical networks (PONs) were developed in the late 1980s and early trials of PONs for telephone and video services were conducted. However, asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) emerged instead of fiber for the home. By 2005-2006, FTTH deployment was growing internationally driven by economics like triple play services rather than technology alone. The document forecasts continued growth of FTTH subscribers worldwide and identifies remaining technology challenges around high fiber capacity and control planes.
The document discusses EPON (Ethernet passive optical network) solutions provided by SUN Telecom. It provides an introduction to EPON technology, outlines the key benefits such as high bandwidth, lower costs, and longer transmission distances. It then describes SUN Telecom's EPON product line, including OLTs, ONUs, splitters, and EMS software. Typical applications that can benefit from EPON include FTTC, FTTB, and FTTH network deployments.
This document summarizes the evolution of wireless technologies from 0G to 4G and highlights some of the key challenges of 3G/4G networks. It shows how data rates have doubled every year, driving the transition from narrowband to broadband networks. While 3G deployments are maturing, 4G/LTE rollouts are just beginning. This is fueling a massive growth in mobile data traffic and creating challenges around traffic management, mobile backhaul capacity, and complex new network architectures.
This document summarizes the evolution of wireless technologies from 0G to 4G and highlights some of the key challenges of 3G/4G networks. It shows how data rates have doubled every year, driving the transition from narrowband to broadband networks. While 3G deployments are maturing, 4G/LTE rollouts are just beginning. This is fueling a massive growth in mobile data traffic and creating challenges around traffic management, mobile backhaul capacity, and complex new network architectures.
The document discusses Access Solutions' MFH3 IP-Based Video Delivery System. The key capabilities of the system include delivering last-mile networks via fiber or wireless, providing triple-play solutions, and offering IP and RF video solutions. The core components of the MFH3 system are the MXU200 Gateway, the D11i set-top box for standard definition video, and the HR20i set-top box for high definition video with DVR capabilities. The system allows operators to deliver cable TV, internet, and phone services over an IP network to residential or business customers.
Flexible Ethernet (FlexE) is an emerging Layer 1.5 technology that enables flexible and programmable Ethernet operation. It decouples dependencies between the MAC and PHY layers, allowing Ethernet PHY layer speed virtualization. FlexE aggregates and virtualizes the capacity of multiple Ethernet PHYs to support flexible MAC client rates and more efficient utilization of bandwidth. It provides capabilities like bonding, sub-rating, and channelization to allocate PHY resources among multiple MAC clients. FlexE was standardized by the OIF in 2016 to address the increasing diversity of Ethernet speeds needed by applications and the need for more flexible bandwidth allocation.
The document discusses the need for unified MPLS networks to efficiently support increasing packet transport demands. It notes that service and revenue models are shifting from circuit-based to packet-based as traffic demands explode. It also discusses how events like cloud computing and LTE deployment are driving adoption of intelligent packet-based networks. Unified MPLS allows for a single end-to-end network that simplifies operations through protocol reduction and separation of transport from service operations. Leading network operators are adopting this approach to build more cost-effective networks that can improve return on investment.
This document discusses opportunities for network sharing in LTE mobile networks. It describes how network sharing can help mobile service providers address challenges of rapidly increasing data usage while generating limited additional revenue. The document outlines how LTE network standards support infrastructure sharing and analyzes different sharing models used by customers, including a wholesale LTE network and a joint venture sharing multiple radio access networks. Key challenges of quality, regulation, commercial agreements, and cost sharing are also reviewed.
Deploying LTE Femtocells in Order to Achieve Coverage in Rural AreasArief Gunawan
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Moray Rumney's Presentation at Emerging Communication Conference & Awards 200...eCommConf
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Crsm 6 2009 Filip Louagie The Flemish Cognitive Radio Research Cluster
1. Copyright IMEC
The Flemish Cognitive Radio
Research Cluster
Filip Louagie on behalf of
IBCN-Ghent,
SMIT-Brussels,
PATS-Antwerp and
IMEC-Leuven
Wireless, wireless is everywhere …
1995 2000 2005 2010
High 3GPP
3.5G
speed 3G LTE
2G
digital
ed
s pe
igh- 802.16e
s h cess 802.16m
tou
qui ata ac of
Medium
v oi
ce Ubi d net
speed
ter gs
In hin
1G t
analog
WiMAX
802.11n
Low 802.11b 802.11g
speed HDR 60GHz
Bluetooth WPAN WPAN
10 kbps 100 kbps 1 Mbps 10 Mbps 100 Mbps 1 Gbps
Louagie Filip
IMEC 2009 2
1
2. Copyright IMEC
The wireless capacity has doubled every
30 months over the last 104 years
Factor 1.000.000 since 1957:
• Faster with better modulation schemes: 5X
• Wider because of more bandwidth: 25X
• Distributed because of smaller cells: 1600X
Louagie Filip
IMEC 2009 3
Frequency spectrum is very crowded but
moving out of the band is an option
[Wil05
Louagie Filip
IMEC 2009 4
2
3. Copyright IMEC
Sharing of a shared resource:
tragedy of the commons
Additional rules and
agreements needed to
achieve efficient spectrum
sharing
Louagie Filip
IMEC 2009 5
A heterogeneous network environment needs
intelligent radio’s and new network protocols
Symbiotic merging
– distributed network discovery (broadcast channel or sensing)
– network binding
• negotiation of cooperative network parameters (temporary
common communication channel)
• Monitoring of cooperation: sensing
Louagie Filip
IMEC 2009 6
3
4. Copyright IMEC
Louagie Filip 7
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Louagie Filip 8
IMEC 2009 8
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5. Copyright IMEC
Louagie Filip 9
IMEC 2009 9
Louagie Filip 10
IMEC 2009 10
5
6. Copyright IMEC
Louagie Filip 11
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Louagie Filip 12
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7. Copyright IMEC
University Gent (IBCN) and University Antwerp (PATS)
develop protocols for Symbiotic Networks
• Definition
– Symbiotic networks are independent co-located homogeneous & heterogeneous, wired &
wireless networks that cooperate across all layers and across network boundaries through
advanced sharing of information, infrastructure and (networking) services
– Symbiotic network solutions pave the way to cross-network optimization, leading to
• more efficient use of scarce spectrum
• more efficient energy consumption
• lower radio emissions (green radio)
• better QoS guarantees
• improved scalability
• new & advanced cross-network services Network A
• Concept for symbiotic networking establishment I want to share my nodes for
Network A
1. Creating profile routing
I am network A I am currently operating at channel
2. Distributed network discovery x routing cost is X
My
I have symbiotic network
3. Negotiation capabilities.
• Setting up negotiation channel You can contact me at channel x Let’s agree on
• Negotiation on cross-network channel z and
communication parameters joint routing
• Negotiation on incentives for cooperation
4. Incentive-driven cooperative networking Network A
5. Sharing of services Network B
Network B
II am currently operating at for
want to share my nodes channel
yrouting
My routing cost is Y
Louagie Filip
IMEC 2009 13
Wireless wireless everywhere …
and the radio starts to think
• Step 1: Distributed Coexistence of
Heterogeneous Networks
– Heterogeneous networks awareness through spectrum sensing
– Adaptation to minimize harmful interference based on sensing
• Step 2: Cooperative (Coexistence of)
Heterogeneous Networks
– Communication with heterogeneous networks through SDR
– Adaptation to minimize interference based on agreements
• Step 3: Collaborative Heterogeneous Networks
– Awareness through spectrum sensing
– Optimal collaboration to improve user QoS given the spectral (and
energy) resource constraints.
Louagie Filip
IMEC 2009 14
7
8. Copyright IMEC
Step 1: Distributed Coexistence of
Heterogeneous Networks
• Focus on spectrum sensing functionality for the
terminal, demonstrated on IMEC’s
reconfigurable analog FE
- Signal Knowledge +
Square-Law (Energy) Autocorrelation Correlation
LO DIST
LNA PLL 1
D Q
MIX Rx LPF VGA
M
Time Frequency Time Frequency Time Frequency
Rx LPF VGA
Energy Welch
Preamble Tx LPF
D Q
Detector Periodogram Preamble MIX NOC
M
Autocorrelation Cyclostationarity Spectral Tx LPF
Power Correlation
LO DIST
Wavelet-based Feature Detect Correlation
Detector Eigenvalue Based PPA
Detection PLL 2
Sensing Pilot Carrier
Pilot Energy Covariance Based Correlation
Detection Sensing
Pilot Energy
Multi-Resolution Position Antenna
Sensing Correlation
Antenna Energy
Combining
Louagie Filip
IMEC 2009 15
Step 2: Cooperative (Coexistence of)
Heterogeneous Networks
• Software Defined Radio (SDR) technology to
enable communication between heterogeneous
terminals/networks Platform
(ADC) ctrl
(ARM)
Reconf AFE Baseband
Scaldio
signal path
DFE tile SyncPro BB engine
engine
BW optimized Baseband
Scaldio DFE tile SyncPro scalable BB engine
engine
interconnect
Scaldio DFE tile SyncPro FEC engine
Shared Front-end Periph
components
L2 and HI
(BEAR ‘Baseband Engine for Adaptive Radio’)
Louagie Filip
IMEC 2009 16
8
9. Copyright IMEC
Step 3: Collaborative Heterogeneous
Networks
• Focus on integrated sensing solution, for a
range of scenarios
Scenarios Concrete sensing
focus summary
Heterogeneous load 802.11a/ local database of
Energy Detection
Autocorrelation
sharing b/g/n + channel use (heter)
Correlation
FFT/Filterbank
LTE + heterog LBS AGC
Spectrum Infrastructure-based LTE + Infrastructure- Flexible FIR
Halfband filter
sharing load sharing 802.16m assisted database filter
distributed self 802.11b/ Heterog. LBS + 2
management g+ local database of Re-sampler/
802.15.4 other channels (Multi-band) Sensing interpolator
Spectrum upgrade of licensed TV white Very low SNR –
Synchronization
upgrade spectrum spaces protect incumbent
upgrade of unlicensed 802.11a+ Variable BW LBS – RX buffer
spectrum 802.11n unknown BW Rx
Louagie Filip
IMEC 2009 17
University Brussels (SMIT) looks into
Business models and regulation
• Business model analysis
– Construction, modeling and validation of use cases and scenarios for
Cognitive Radio
– Scenarios both technical and user oriented
• User oriented: focus on user value in diverse set of everyday life
situations (performed within E2RII project)
• Technical: focus on flexible spectrum management, dynamic
spectrum allocation, autonomic functionalities and Cognitive
Enablers (e.g. the Cognitive Pilot Channel – performed within E3
project)
– Contribution to the formation of business model ontology for
Cognitive Radio Systems, i.e. the Unified Business Model (UBM)
– Qualitative Sensitivity Analysis for specific use cases
– Projected future activities: CR cost and market structure analysis,
increased focus on sensing functionalities, application to a Flemish
context
Surname + Name
Louagie Filip
IMEC confidential 2009
IMEC 18
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10. Copyright IMEC
University Brussels (SMIT) looks into
Business models and regulation
• Study of spectrum policy and regulation
– Potential business impact of new spectrum policy paradigms enabled
by or enabling CR: spectrum trading, spectrum leasing, secondary
use, unlicensed use etc.
– Introduction of cognitive radio in specific cases, e.g. TV White
Spaces
• Study of CR standardization
– Impact of design choices in standardization on market structure for
CR technologies
– Potential impact of multi-layered standardization processes
• iLab.o – Lab for open innovation in ICT
– Organising and facilitating policy and industry workshops and
brainstorms
Surname + Name
Louagie Filip
IMEC confidential 2009
IMEC 19
Louagie Filip
IMEC 2009 20
10