COVID-19 : Introduction,Nomenclature,Incubation Period,Structure,Symptoms,Transmission,Flowchart,Diagnosis,Treatment,Drugs under testing,Prevention,Importance of Social Distancing,Effects in Lungs,Effects in Other organs,Replication,Severity,Stages,Comparison,Facts.
COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), previously known as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), a strain of coronavirus. The first cases were seen in Wuhan, China in December 2019 before spreading globally. The current outbreak was recognized as a pandemic on 11 March 2020.
The non-specific imaging findings are most commonly of atypical or organizing pneumonia, often with a bilateral, peripheral, and basal predominant distribution. No effective treatment or vaccine exists currently (March 2020).
In this PowerPoint presentation you can get data about every aspect of COVID-19 disease.I gave every minute important detail in short form so that you can easily get that. Coronavirus disease spread globally and WHO called it as a Pandemic Disease on March 11,2020. in India it is on stage 2,please its my request to everyone stay at Home..Don't Go outside...Government provide everything which is of daily use...Don't Panic...Stay Safe..Stay At Home...Quarantine yourself for somedays.
COVID-19 : Introduction,Nomenclature,Incubation Period,Structure,Symptoms,Transmission,Flowchart,Diagnosis,Treatment,Drugs under testing,Prevention,Importance of Social Distancing,Effects in Lungs,Effects in Other organs,Replication,Severity,Stages,Comparison,Facts.
COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), previously known as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), a strain of coronavirus. The first cases were seen in Wuhan, China in December 2019 before spreading globally. The current outbreak was recognized as a pandemic on 11 March 2020.
The non-specific imaging findings are most commonly of atypical or organizing pneumonia, often with a bilateral, peripheral, and basal predominant distribution. No effective treatment or vaccine exists currently (March 2020).
In this PowerPoint presentation you can get data about every aspect of COVID-19 disease.I gave every minute important detail in short form so that you can easily get that. Coronavirus disease spread globally and WHO called it as a Pandemic Disease on March 11,2020. in India it is on stage 2,please its my request to everyone stay at Home..Don't Go outside...Government provide everything which is of daily use...Don't Panic...Stay Safe..Stay At Home...Quarantine yourself for somedays.
Coronaviruses are a group of related viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infections that can be mild, such as some cases of the common cold, and others that can be lethal, such as SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. Symptoms in other species vary: in chickens, they cause an upper respiratory tract disease, while in cows and pigs they cause diarrhea. There are yet to be vaccines or antiviral drugs to prevent or treat human coronavirus infections.
coronavirus disease (COVID-19),origin,epidemiology,risk factors and causes,mode of transmission,pathophysiology,signs and symptoms,management,comlication,preventive measures
Rekha Dehariya (M.Sc nursing 1st year) Bhopal Nursing College, Bhopal
Covid -19 has effected broud number of people all over the world. the health education is necessary to aware people about it.
This is a presentation for all the people who are unaware about COVID-19.
COVID-19 = Corona Virus Disease 2019. Please like and share my presentation.
Presentation by:-
C. S. Nelson
VI - E
D.A.V Boys Senior Secondary School.
D.A.V Group of School.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus.
Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. Older people, and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illness.
The best way to prevent and slow down transmission is to be well informed about the COVID-19 virus, the disease it causes and how it spreads. Protect yourself and others from infection by washing your hands or using an alcohol based rub frequently and not touching your face.
The COVID-19 virus spreads primarily through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes, so it’s important that you also practice respiratory etiquette (for example, by coughing into a flexed elbow).
Stay informed:
Protect yourself: advice for the public
Myth busters
Coronavirus is the virus which is responsible for causing the disease COVID-19, and it has been declared pandemic by WHO and it is the virus which has been emerged from the bats.
COVID-19, CORONA VIRUS, SARS.MERS, HUMAN CORONA VIRUS, CHARACTERISTICS OF CORONA VIRUS, HISTORY OF EPIDEMICS, TIMELINE OF COVID 19 OUTBREAK, GLOBAL SITUATION, INDIAN SITUATION, RISK ASSESSMENT OF COVID 19, SIGN AND SYMPTOMS, COMPLICATION, DIAGNOSIS, MANAGEMENT, PREVENTION, HAND HYGIENE, PPE, ONGOING RESEARCH OF ICMR, ISOLATION, QUARANTINE, SOCIAL DISTANCING
Coronaviruses are a group of related viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infections that can be mild, such as some cases of the common cold, and others that can be lethal, such as SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. Symptoms in other species vary: in chickens, they cause an upper respiratory tract disease, while in cows and pigs they cause diarrhea. There are yet to be vaccines or antiviral drugs to prevent or treat human coronavirus infections.
coronavirus disease (COVID-19),origin,epidemiology,risk factors and causes,mode of transmission,pathophysiology,signs and symptoms,management,comlication,preventive measures
Rekha Dehariya (M.Sc nursing 1st year) Bhopal Nursing College, Bhopal
Covid -19 has effected broud number of people all over the world. the health education is necessary to aware people about it.
This is a presentation for all the people who are unaware about COVID-19.
COVID-19 = Corona Virus Disease 2019. Please like and share my presentation.
Presentation by:-
C. S. Nelson
VI - E
D.A.V Boys Senior Secondary School.
D.A.V Group of School.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus.
Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. Older people, and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illness.
The best way to prevent and slow down transmission is to be well informed about the COVID-19 virus, the disease it causes and how it spreads. Protect yourself and others from infection by washing your hands or using an alcohol based rub frequently and not touching your face.
The COVID-19 virus spreads primarily through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes, so it’s important that you also practice respiratory etiquette (for example, by coughing into a flexed elbow).
Stay informed:
Protect yourself: advice for the public
Myth busters
Coronavirus is the virus which is responsible for causing the disease COVID-19, and it has been declared pandemic by WHO and it is the virus which has been emerged from the bats.
COVID-19, CORONA VIRUS, SARS.MERS, HUMAN CORONA VIRUS, CHARACTERISTICS OF CORONA VIRUS, HISTORY OF EPIDEMICS, TIMELINE OF COVID 19 OUTBREAK, GLOBAL SITUATION, INDIAN SITUATION, RISK ASSESSMENT OF COVID 19, SIGN AND SYMPTOMS, COMPLICATION, DIAGNOSIS, MANAGEMENT, PREVENTION, HAND HYGIENE, PPE, ONGOING RESEARCH OF ICMR, ISOLATION, QUARANTINE, SOCIAL DISTANCING
Coronavirus (COVID-19) - Symptoms, Diagnosis and Prevention - Dr Rohit BhaskarDr Rohit Bhaskar, Physio
A coronavirus is a type of virus that can cause respiratory illness in humans and animals. In 2019, a new coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 emerged in Wuhan, China, and quickly spread around the world. An infection with the new coronavirus causes a respiratory disease called COVID-19.
Bhaskar Health News and Medical Education is leading source for trustworthy health, medical, science and technology news and information. Providing world health information Medical Education.
Bhaskar Health News and Medical Education is dedicated to medical students, physiotherapists, doctors, nurses, paramedics, physician associates, dentists, pharmacists, midwives and other healthcare professionals.
We're committed to being your source for expert health guidance. Bhaskar Health and Medical Education.
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They are members of the family Coronaviridae, enveloped and positive stranded RNA viruses. The virions are typically decorated with large, club-or petal-shaped surface projections (spikes) which in electron micrographs of spherical particles create an image reminiscent of the solar corona.
Pathogenesis and Clinical manifestation
COVID-19 has 5 clinical variants based on severity;
• Asymptomatic form – in this form, one gets infected without manifesting any symptom whatsoever. The person thus ends up just as a mere carrier, spreading the infection to others.
• Mild disease –this affects the upper respiratory tract producing symptoms such as sneezing, mild fever, cough, malaise, etc; The infected individual recovers rapidly, with or without any supportive treatment.
• Moderate disease –this is a lower respiratory tract infection, which may present as pneumonia and would need some supportive treatment, but may not be sick enough to need oxygen therapy.
• Severe disease – this group develop severe pneumonia and get so sick that they need oxygen therapy.
• Critical disease – this group of patients get so bad and develop acute respiratory disease syndrome and ventilator respiratory failure, so much that they would need a ventilator to survive.
This presentation discusses COVID-19. It covers etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, clinical management and treatment of COVID-19. It also discusses the effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy,how it manifests and how it is diagnosed and how it is managed. Hope this will help you.
Coronaviruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases,The World Health Organization has announced that COVID-19 is a pandemic.
Seminar Prepared by :-
Mohammed Musa (M.B.Ch.B)
Azadi Teaching Hospital - Kirkuk
Covid 19--EMERGING AND FUTURE CHALLENGES FOR DENTAL SURGEONSOUMENDU KARAK
CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19)-EMERGING AND FUTURE CHALLENGES FOR DENTAL SURGEON.THE SLIDE DESCRIBE BRIEFLY ABOUT VIRUS,ITS CLINICAL MANIFESTATION,FATALITY RATE, MANAGMENT AND HOW WE OVERCOME FROM PRESENT SITUATION.
The new corona virus is a respiratory virus which spreads primarily through droplets generated when an infected person coughs or sneezes, or through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose. To protect yourself, clean your hands frequently with an alcohol-based hand rub or wash them with soap and water.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
2. INTRODUCTION:
Today, we are facing a new epidemic known
as COVID-19 that was identified in
December 2019 in Wuhan, Chinese city.
This virus descends from a family called
CoronaViridae, that gained its name from its
clearly visible coronary shape under the
microscope which is created by viral spike
peplomers which are proteins on the surface
of the virus .
-Also this family are RNA viruses.
3. The first Coronavirus infection for
human was in 1960s and the earliest
studied were from human patient with a
common cold, which is later named as
human Coronavirus 229E And human
Coronavirus OC43.
These family of viruses attacked
commonly the respirotory system and
they are Vary significantly In risk factor
4. There are Six species of human
coronaviruses known with one species
subdivided into two different strains, making
seven strains of human coronaviruses
altogether
- Four of these strains produce the generally
mild Symptoms of common cold.
-The other three strains produce symptoms
that are potentially severe.
5. Now Some of these strains are continually
circulate in human population and cause
respiratory infections in adults and children
in wide world.
6. The most important thing is what is the
deferent between the COVID-19 and the
other Coronaviruses?
We can answer to this question that the
COVID-19 is the most developed virus of
this family, so there is no treatment for this
virus until this moment Where its
seriousness lies not in the absence of
treatment for it, but in the speed of its
spread.
7. so we must know ways to prevent it and
how to detect it and its symptoms,
which will be presented in the next
slides…
8. CLINICAL FEATURE
Incubating period:
The incubating period for COVID_19 is
thought to be within 14 days following
exposure with most cases occurring
approximately 4 to 5 days of exposure that
include these symptoms {fever , cough ,
shortness of breath or difficulty breathing}
and other symptoms can include {tiredness,
aches, runny nose ,sore throat}
9. Most common Symptoms at the onset of
illness were:
Fever 99%
Fatigue 70%
Dry cough 59%
Anorexia 40%
Myalgia 35%
Dyspnea 31%
Spectrum production 27%
Also some people have experienced the
loss of smell or taste.
10. The severity of COVID_19 symptoms can
range from very mild to sever some
people may have no symptoms at all .
People who are older or who have existing
chronic medical conditions such as heart
disease, lung disease, diabetes,
hypertension ,cancer , chronic kidney
disease or who have compromised
immune system maybe at higher risk of
serious illness.
11. This is similar to what is seen with other
respiratory illness such as influenza but we
can distinguish it from common cold as
shown in this schedule.
Compare between
COVID-19 and common cold
12. MODE OF TRANSMISSION:
According to current evidence,
COVID-19 virus is primarily
transmitted between people through
respiratory droplets and contact routes.
In an analysis of 75,465 COVID-19
cases in China, airborne transmission
was not reported.
13. Droplet transmission occurs when a
person is in close contact (within 1
m) with someone who has respiratory
symptoms (e.g., coughing or sneezing)
and is therefore at risk of having his/her
mucosae (mouth and nose) or conjunctiva
(eyes) exposed to potentially infective
respiratory droplets.
Transmission may also occur through
fomites in the immediate environment
around the infected person.
14. Therefore, transmission of the COVID-
19 virus can occur by:
1-direct contact: with infected people
or perhaps you meet someone who
contracted the virus
2- indirect contact: with surfaces in the
immediate environment or with objects
used on the infected person (e.g.,
stethoscope or thermometer).
15. The most important question come into our
mind that does a person who has been
cured of COVID-19 disease can transmit
infection?
-After a person is infected with COVID-19 and
recovering from it he may remain a carrier
for at least two weeks, so he will transmit
infection !!
Finally We still don’t fully understand how
the novel Coronavirus spread , but we are
learning more every day.
17. Molecular:
RT-PCR
The presence of viruses is generally confirmed
by RT-PCR, which detects the Coronavirus'
RNA.
This test detects the RNA of the SARS-CoV-2
and is used to confirm very recent or active
infections.
-Sensitivity reported as low as 60-70% 32 and
as high as 95-97%
INVESTIGATION
19. Serology:
Antibodies Detection:
Detection of antibodies can be used both
for diagnosis and population
surveillance.
Antibody tests show how many people
have had the disease, including those
whose symptoms were minor or who
were asymptomatic.
20. -FFX (First Few X cases and their close-
contacts)
Transmission protocol :
identification and tracing of cases and their
close contacts in the general population, or
restricted to close settings (like households,
health care settings and schools).
21. Radiology:
X-ray:
A chest X-ray (radiograph) is the most
commonly ordered imaging study for
patients with respiratory complaints.
In the early stages of COVID-19, a chest
X-ray may be read as normal.
But in patients with severe disease, their
X-ray readings may resemble
Pneumonia or Acute Respiratory
Distress Syndrome(ARDS).
22. CT Scan:-
Is being increasingly emphasized
in the diagnosis and evaluation of
response in clinical practice, and
has the potential to provide
valuable information in reflecting
the extent of the disease
23. There is no specific antiviral treatment
recommended for COVID-19, and no
vaccine is currently available.
The treatment is symptomatic, and
oxygen therapy represents the major
treatment intervention for patients with
severe infection.
:MANAGEMENT
24. Mechanical ventilation may be
necessary in cases of respiratory failure
refractory to oxygen therapy, whereas
hemodynamic support is essential for
managing septic shock.
25. Also there are another procedure to treat
the patient by using intubation.
Special precautions are necessary during
intubation.
The procedure should be executed by an
expert operator who uses personal
protective equipment (PPE) such as
FFP3 or N95 mask, protective goggles,
disposable gown long sleeve raincoat,
disposable double socks, and gloves.
27. Practically , non-invasive ventilation can
be used in non-severe forms of respiratory
failure.
However, if the scenario does not improve
or even worsen within a short period of
time (1–2 hours) the mechanical
ventilation must be preferred.
28. Among other therapeutic strategies, systemic
corticosteroids for the treatment of viral
pneumonia or acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS) are not recommended.
unselective or inappropriate administration of
antibiotics should be avoided .!
• Although no antiviral treatments have been
approved, several approaches have been
proposed such as lopinavir/ritonavir
,chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine.
29. :COMPLICATIONS
Those complications may include the
following :
Acute Respiratory Failure.
Pneumonia.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
(ARDS).
Acute Cardiac Injury.
Secondary Bacterial Infection.
31. PREVENTION
In an effort to prevent the spread of
Covid-19 within communities and across
the country must following these advises:
Stay at home unless you have to go to work
and should wears mask (muzzle) !
Do not gather in groups.
Limit contact with people at higher risk such
as older adults and those in poor health.
Go outside to exercise but stay close to
home.
32. Hygiene:
Proper hygiene can help reduce the risk of
infection or spreading infection to others:-
Wash your hands often with soap and water
for at least 20 seconds, especially after using
the washroom and when preparing food.
Use alcohole-based hand sanitizer if soap
and water are not available.
Avoid touching your eyes nose or mouth with
unwashed hands.
33. when coughing or sneezing:
-cough or sneeze into a tissue or the bend of
your arm not your hand.
-dispose of any tissue you have used as soon
as possible in a lined waste basket and wash
your hands after wards.
34. Physical(social)distancing:
This means keep a physical distance
between each other by making changes
in every routines to minimize close
contact with others including:
Avoiding crowded places and non-
essential gatherings.
Avoiding common greetings such as
hand shakes.
Limiting contact with people at higher risk
like older adults and those in poor health.
35. keeping a distance of at least 2 arms-length
(approximately 2 meters)from others.
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36.
37. PROGNOSIS
People of all ages can be infected by
the new Coronavirus (2019- nCoV).
Older people, and people with pre-
existing medical conditions (such as
asthma, diabetes, heart disease)
appear to be more vulnerable to
becoming severely ill with the virus.
38. Coronavirus patients older than 80 had a
death rate of 15%, compared with 0.2%
for those under 50.
Older adults and people who have severe
underlying medical conditions like heart or
lung disease or diabetes seem to be at
higher risk for developing more serious
complications from COVID-19 illness.
39.
40. People with moderate to severe asthma may
be at higher risk of getting very sick from
COVID-19.
COVID-19 can affect your respiratory tract
(nose, throat, lungs), cause an asthma
attack, and possibly lead to pneumonia and
acute respiratory disease.
And while younger people might be less
likely to become severely ill, they can just as
easily spread the virus to others.
41. Whatever Coronavirus can sicken or kill
young people as well and they must also
avoid mingling and spreading it to older
and more vulnerable people.
Today I have a message for young
people: “You are not invincible, this virus
could put you in hospital for weeks or
even kill”