this presentation is prepared with the intention to create an insight about coronavirus among the undergraduate medical students in their pre and para clinical years

1. CORONAVIRUS
Dr. SWATI SHIKHA
Tutor, Dept. of PSM

2. Dr. SWATI SHIKHA
Learning Objectives
● Background
● What is coronavirus
● Situational update
● Mode of transmission
● Clinical features
● Prevention
● treatment
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3. Dr. SWATI SHIKHA
Background
● Since december 8,2019: several cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology have been
reported in wuhan, hubei province of china
● Most of these patients lived or worked around the seafood market where also live
animals were sold
● In early stage, SARI symptoms occurred
● Few patients rapidly developed ARDS,acute respiratory failure and other
complications
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4. Dr. SWATI SHIKHA
● On january 7th 2020, a novel coronavirus was identified by chinese centre for disease
control and prevention from throat swab sample of a patient.
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5. Dr. SWATI SHIKHA
Introduction
• The coronaviruses (CoVs) commonly cause mild but occasionally more severe
community-acquired acute respiratory infections in humans.
● Order :Nidovirales
● Family :Coronaviridae,
● Two subfamilies: Coronavirinae and Torovirinae
● Genera
● Alphacoronavirus
● Betacoronavirus ( including SARS-CoV and the MERS-CoV, 2019n CoV);
● Gammacoronavirus
● Deltacoronavirus
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6. Morphology
● Coronavirus term is derived
from latin word corona meaning
crown/halo : on electron
microscopy, fringe of large
bulbous surface projections-
image of a royal crown
● Enveloped
● Non-segmented positive sense
RNA viruses
● 20nm long club/petal shaped
projections
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8. Dr. SWATI SHIKHA
Mode of transmission
● Exact mode of transmission is still unknown
● Similar coronaviruses are known to spread from person to person among close
contacts (upto 6feets) via respiratory droplets produced while sneezing or coughing
● No evidence of sustained human to human transmission of nCOV
● It is unclear whether it can be transmitted by touching an infected object and then
touching our eyes, mouth or nose.
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9. Dr. SWATI SHIKHA
Clinical features
● Appear 2-14 days after exposure
● Most common :
● Fever, cough, myalgia, fatigue, dyspnea
● Severe cases:
● Pneumonia, SARI, renal failure, death
● Rarely: diarrhea
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10. Dr. SWATI SHIKHA
Basic reproduction number (Ro)
● Ro is the average number of secondary cases produced by one infected individual
introduced into a population of susceptible individuals, where an infected individual
has acquired the disease, and susceptible individuals are healthy but can acquire the
disease.
● For coronavirus, Ro = 1.4 – 2.5
● Case fatality rate = 4%
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12. Dr. SWATI SHIKHA
Situational update:
● WHO has declared the 2019-nCOV epidemic affecting 23 countries as international
public health emergency of international concern.
● Till date, total of 14380 confirmed cases of nCOV have been reported from mainland
china, this includes 2110 severe cases and 304 people have died so far.
● As on 3rd feb 2020, 3 cases have been confirmed from kerela in India.
● United states has prepared themselves for coronavirus pandemic and declared as
public health emergency.
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17. Advisory by GOI
Self declaration form
has been released by
ministry of health and
family welfare, GOI.
FOR ALL
TRAVELLERS
ARRIVING from 2019-
nCoV affected countries
to be filled at the
immigration counter at
the airport itself.
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Treatment
● There is no specific treatment so far
● Symptomatic management is to be done
● A protease inhibitor drug – NELFINAVIR has cured the first case of wuhan COV in
china.
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29. Dr. SWATI SHIKHA
Criteria for discharge
• Afebrile for > 24 hours
• Taking orally enough to maintain hydration
• Respiratory rate <24/min
• Pulse <100/min
• Systolic BP >90mmhg
• Oxygen saturation >90% at room air
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30. THANK YOU
for your kind attention
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