This document provides information about an otolaryngology course for fifth stage medical students in 2010-2011, including:
1. The course coordinator, Dr. Hewa As'ad, and list of teachers for the 28 lecture course.
2. Overview and objectives of the course which aims to teach students about common otolaryngological diseases and emergencies.
3. The reading list and syllabus which outlines the lecture titles, objectives, and lecturers for topics covering anatomy, diseases of the ear, nose, larynx and more.
Recommended by the Ministry of Public Health of Ukraine as a textbook for students of institutions of higher medical education of the 4th level of accreditation, who master the discipline in English
Retropharyngeal Abscess Managed With Ketamine - A Case Report_Crimson PublishersCrimsonPublishersAICS
A one year old male child presented to the pediatrics emergency with difficulty in breathing for the last 10-12 days. Severe inspiratory stridor was present and the accessory muscles of respiration were active. X-ray of lateral view of the neck showed increased soft tissue shadow in front of C2 vertebra suggestive of retropharyngeal abscess. Incision and drainage of retropharyngeal abscess was planned under general anesthesia after perforsming tracheostomy, as an emergency procedure. Intravenous glycopyrrolate 50 micrograms followed by 3 mg of ketamine was given slowly till the patient became calm following which tracheotomy was carried out under local anesthesia achieved by infiltration with lignocaine by the otolaryngologist. After tracheotomy, the patient was given ketamine 5mg intravenously and oxygen: nitrous oxide (50:50) and Sevoflurane 2% through the tracheotomy
tube attached to the breathing circuit with the patient breathing spontaneously. Incision and drainage of the abscess was carried out and 20ml of pus aspirated. We found ketamine to be very useful for sedation while carrying out a tracheotomy in this case.
Recommended by the Ministry of Public Health of Ukraine as a textbook for students of institutions of higher medical education of the 4th level of accreditation, who master the discipline in English
Retropharyngeal Abscess Managed With Ketamine - A Case Report_Crimson PublishersCrimsonPublishersAICS
A one year old male child presented to the pediatrics emergency with difficulty in breathing for the last 10-12 days. Severe inspiratory stridor was present and the accessory muscles of respiration were active. X-ray of lateral view of the neck showed increased soft tissue shadow in front of C2 vertebra suggestive of retropharyngeal abscess. Incision and drainage of retropharyngeal abscess was planned under general anesthesia after perforsming tracheostomy, as an emergency procedure. Intravenous glycopyrrolate 50 micrograms followed by 3 mg of ketamine was given slowly till the patient became calm following which tracheotomy was carried out under local anesthesia achieved by infiltration with lignocaine by the otolaryngologist. After tracheotomy, the patient was given ketamine 5mg intravenously and oxygen: nitrous oxide (50:50) and Sevoflurane 2% through the tracheotomy
tube attached to the breathing circuit with the patient breathing spontaneously. Incision and drainage of the abscess was carried out and 20ml of pus aspirated. We found ketamine to be very useful for sedation while carrying out a tracheotomy in this case.
Rare presentation of left maxillary sinusitis: A Case Reportiosrphr_editor
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
Prof. mridul M. panditrao, discusses the fundamental aspects of Problems of Dental Chair anesthesia, conscious sedation, The management and his own experience
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This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
5th year Course Book/E.N.T
1. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Course Book
Of
Otolaryngology
Fifth Stage
Department of
Surgery
College of Medicine
2010-2011
1
2. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Course coordinator and list of teachers on
this course
Course: otolaryngology
Course coordinator: Dr. Hewa As'ad
Department: surgery- otolaryngology
College: Medicine
Course coordinator link: hewa_ent@yahoo.com
Tel. +9647701580087
List of teachers on this course:
Dr. Hewa As'ad Abdelkareem
Dr. Yousif Ibrahim chalabi
Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
2
3. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Course Overview
The course of otolaryngology – head & neck surgery is
dedicated to deal with undergraduate level to know the
importance of otolaryngology in the daily activities of the
junior doctors and the sessions and the lectures are overall
based on simple principles and standards for the juniors in
otolaryngology to understand the physiology and
pathology and management of common diseases & how
to deal with emergency situations that they may be faced
in their practical work , these lectures given in simple and
qualified methods in 28 lectures.
3
4. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Course Objectives
At the end of the course of otolaryngology, the students
should be able to master and perform the basic
otolaryngology assessment & examinations that are
considered fundamentals and learn how to be able to deal
with emergency situations. some of these objectives
include:
1-Performing ENT examination.
2- Deal with a patient complaining of nasal bleeding.
3-How to manage a patients with foreign bodies
inhalations or ingestion.
4-How to manage a patients with an obstructed upper
airway obstruction ( stridor) .
5-Diagnosing and treatment of common
otolaryngological diseases.
4
5. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Course Reading List
1-Scott- Brown otolaryngology
2-Logans Turners diseases of ear , nose, throat
3-Synopsis otolaryngology
4-Makhbool otolaryngology
5- Essential Otolaryngology
6- Oxford handbook of ENT emergences
7-American journal of otolaryngology-head & neck
Surgery
5
6. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
8- journal of laryngoscope
9- www.emedicine.com
Syllabus
N
Title of subject Lecturer/Tuttor’s name
o
1 Dr.Hewa asaad
Anatomy and physiology of the larynx
Traumatic conditions of the larynx.
2 Dr.Hewa asaad
Inflammations of the larynx: Acute
3 laryngitis. Dr.Hewa asaad
Inflammations of the larynx: Chronic
4 laryngitis. Dr.Hewa asaad
6
7. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Neoplasms of the larynx: Benign
5 Dr.Hewa asaad
tumors and cysts
Neoplasms of the larynx: Malignant
6 Dr.Hewa asaad
tumors.
7 Hoarseness Dr.Hewa asaad
Anatomy, Embryology & physiology
8 Dr Yousif Chalabi
of the nose & PNS
congenital anomalies and trauma to the
9 Dr Yousif Chalabi
nose
Acute & Chronic nasal &PNS sinus
10 inflammation Dr Yousif Chalabi
11 Epistaxis Dr Yousif Chalabi
Dr Yousif Chalabi
12 Allergic rhinitis & nasal polyposis
The deformed nose & nasal
13 Dr Yousif Chalabi
obstruction
Dr Yousif Chalabi
14 Tumors of nose & paranasal sinuses
Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
15 Anatomy, physiology of the ear
Physical& radiological assessment of Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
16
the ear diseases
1 Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Symptomatology in ear diseases
7
18 Diseases of the external ear Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
7
8. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
( cong.anomalies , infections, tumors)
19 Diseases of the middle ear ( acute otitis Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
media)
Diseases of the middle ear (chronic Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
20
otitis media)
Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
21 Diseases of the inner ear, ear surgeries
Anatomy and physiology of the
22 pharynx Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
23 Common diseases of the buccal cavity Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
24 Pharyngitis and pharyngeal abscesses Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
25 Tonsillitis and adenoids Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
26 Tumors of the pharynx Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Miscellaneous conditions of the
27 pharynx and throat Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
28 Neck masses and salivary glands Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Lecture title: Anatomy and physiology of the larynx.
Lecturer name: Dr. Hiwa As'ad
Objectives:
8
9. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
This lecture is dedicated to help medical students
understand anatomy and physiology of the larynx and
their clinical importance, the lecture includes:
a. Introduction to laryngeal structure.
b. Description of laryngeal structure (laryngeal cartilages
and membranes, muscles of the larynx and their actions)
demonstrated by figures
c. Description of surface anatomy of the larynx.
d. Blood supply, nerve supply, and lymphatic drainage of
larynx and their clinical importance.
e. Description of functions of larynx.
Lecture title: Traumatic conditions of the larynx
Lecturer: Dr. Hiwa As'ad
Objectives:
This lecture is dedicated to help medical students
understand management of trauma of larynx and neck
which is a common clinical condition that they will face
frequently in their practice in hospital and emergency
department, the lecture includes:
a. Introduction to laryngeal and neck trauma.
b. Description of mechanism of injury (blunt trauma
injury and penetrating trauma).
c. Initial evaluation, clinical assessment, endoscopic
assessment and imaging of the larynx.
9
10. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
d. Classification of laryngeal injury according to extent of
damage.
e. Management of laryngeal trauma, goals of laryngeal
exploration, laryngeal repair, and management of
associated vascular and esophageal injuries.
f. Outcome of management of this condition.
Lecture title: Inflammations of the larynx: Acute
laryngitis
Lecturer name: Dr. Hiwa As'ad
Objectives:
This lecture is dedicated to help medical students
understand this common problem that they will face in
their practice in outpatient clinic, emergency department
or if they work in otolaryngology or pediatric
departments, the lecture includes:
a. Introduction to acute laryngitis and its etiological
factors.
b. Description of clinical types of acute laryngitis.
c. Comparison between pediatric patients and adult
patients and relative clinical points to be considered.
10
11. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
d. Treatment options and outcome.
Lecturer title: Inflammations of the larynx: Chronic
laryngitis
Lecturer name: Dr. Hiwa as'ad
Objectives: This lecture is dedicated to understand this
troublesome condition caused by various etiological
factors, and its types (specific and non specific), the
lecture includes:
a. Definition and etiological factors of chronic laryngitis.
b. Clinical classification of chronic laryngitis into specific
and non-specific, and subgroups of each type.
c. Pathology, clinical features, and treatment modality for
each type.
Lecture title: Tumors of the larynx: Benign tumors
Lecturer name: Dr. Hiwa As'ad
Objectives: This lecture is dedicated to help medical
students understand this important conditions that might
affect respiration and voice of patients that needs specific
management, the lecture includes :
a. Introduction.
b. Classification of benign tumors.
c. Clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of each type.
11
12. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
d. Pseudotumors types , clinical features and management
of each type.
Lecture title: Tumors of the larynx: Malignant tumors
Lecturer name: Dr. Hiwa As'ad
Objectives: This lecture is dedicated to help medical
students understand this serious condition and develop
high sense of suspicious for early diagnosis. It also
demonstrates treatment options of this condition, the
lecture includes:
a. Introduction.
b. Classification of carcinoma of larynx.
c. Demonstration of etiological factors.
d. Clinical features, examination of the larynx and the
neck.
e. Radiological investigations and other relevant
investigations to assess tumor extension and spread.
f. Staging and grading of Ca larynx.
g. Demonstration of strategy of treatment and the options
available for this condition.
Lecture title: Hoarseness
Lecturer name: Dr. Hiwa As'ad
Objectives: to understand the students the meaning of the
hoarseness & its causes &its treatment, were all
objectives included in the lecture.
12
13. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Lecture title: Anatomy & Physiology of nose &
paranasal sinus
Lecturer : Dr. Yousif Chalabi
Objective: To emphasize the importance of anatomy &its
variations especially the osteomeatal complex in the
clinical managements of common nose &sinus chronic
diseases & correction of nose & nasal septum both for
physiological & cosmetic purposes , the lecture includes
a. an embyrological introduction to explain some
congenital variation of nose like choanal atresia
b. anatomy of external nose &its skeleton to explain the
anatomical dangerous region of nose &anatomical &
physiological background of cosmetic nasal surgery.
c. anatomy &physiology of nasal fossae & its wall ,
their role in respiration
d. anatomy of paranasal sinuses &their variation with its
impact on pathogenesis of chronic sinus diseases &
facial pain
Lecture title: congenital anomalies and trauma to the
nose
Lecturer: Dr Yousif Chalabi
13
14. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Objectives : to emphasize the importance of early
diagnosis of some congenital anomalies as a cause of
embarrassed respiration in neonates & infants for urgent
interference &to explain the clinical managements of
broken nose &face both medically &legally in addition to
its impact on possible intra cranial ,base of skull ,
cosmetic & respiratory complications to guarantee early
proper detection &management to prevent subsequent
sequels. The lecture includes a quick review of
embryological formation of nose. its openings & anatomy
of nasal skeleton , Choanal atresia , fracture nasal bone
&facial bones (Leforts) fractures , Foreign bodies in nose
& their managements.
Lecture title : Acute & Chronic nasal ¶nasal
sinus inflammation
Lecturer: Dr Yousif Chalabi
Objectives: To consider the predisposing factors& their
prevention in the etiology of acute nasal & paranasal
sinus (PNS) infections & to emphasize the effects of
prompt & early treatments in prevention of persistence of
infections & changing to chronic state. And how to
manage whether medically or surgically the chronic state.
The lecture includes
14
15. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
a. A quick review of key points of previous lecture
b. Acute viral &bacterial infections of nose &PNS
c. Chronic non-specific nasal &PNS inflammation
d. Chronic specific nasal & PNS infection
e. Managements including the medical & surgical way
of treatments
Lecture title: Epistaxis
Lecturer: Dr Yousif Chalabi
Objectives : This lecture is dedicated to emphasize the
importance of epistaxis as one of common acute
emergencies in medicine in general & to teach the
students how to manage it as first-aid , general &specific
ENT managements . How to identify its causes as a local
nasal causes or general systemic causes especially the
blood dyscriasis causes . How to be treated specifically ,
generally & how to prevent & guard against it .
The lecture includes
a. A quick review of key points of previous lecture
b. an introduction to epistaxis
c. Causes as a local nasal causes &general systemic
causes
d. Management including the lab hematological.,
radiological & endoscopical way to find the cause as
local nasal or general systemic . how to be treated
15
16. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
whether medically or surgically conservatively or
radically &how to be followed up properly.
Lecture title: Allergic Rhinitis & Nasal polyposis
Lecturer: Dr Yousif Chalabi
Objectives: to emphasize the role of preventative
measures especially the avoidance of allergens .proper use
of immunization & medical treatments
In reducing the complaint & severity of allergic patients.
How to differentiate the different causes of wet nose
including infections allergy & intrinsic vasomotor rhinitis
&how to be treated properly .The lecture is dedicated to
make the students understand the nature of common nasal
problem of polyposis & how to differentiate it from
normal or hypertrophied turbinates . To emphasize the
role of medical treatment as an effective measures in the
early & small polypi or as a preliminary measures for
effective radical treatment or follow up for those treated
surgically.
The lecture includes
a. A quick review of key points of previous lecture
b. An introduction to the types of hypersensitivity
reactions &nature of nasal allergy
c. Etiology of allergy &types of allergens
16
17. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
d. Management including the differentiation &how to
diagnose different types of wet nose. Allergy
dermatological & hematological test in addition to
proper way of prevention &treatments
e. Nasal polyposis as a pathogenesis , diagnosis &
treatments whether medically emphasizing the role of
proper use of cortisone in a non contra-indicated
patients or surgically whether conservatively or
radically by FEES or conventionally by traditional
surgical way
Lecture title : The deformed nose & nasal obstruction
Lecturer: Dr Yousif Chalabi
Objectives: This lecture is dedicated to emphasize the
role of cosmetic nasal surgery with consideration of nasal
passage for proper respiratory functions which so
frequently threatened by some surgeon not considering
the physiological aspect of nasal function &how to deal
with nose surgically both for physiological & cosmetic
purposes . It also aims to make the students understanding
the causes of nasal obstruction &to differentiate the
pathological from normal physiological obstructions of
nasal cycle .The lecture includes
a. A quick review of the key points of previous lecture
17
18. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
b. A review of the nasal respiratory physiology
&anatomy of the nasal skeleton
c. Causes of deformed nose &nasal obstruction
d. Management including the requested examination
whether endoscopically or by imaging (CT SCAN) to
determine the causes &sites of obstructions & how to
be treated whether medically or surgically whether
for cosmetic or physiological purpose separately or in
combinations.
Lecture title : Tumors of nose & paranasal sinuses
Lecturer: Dr Yousif Chalabi
Objectives: The lecture is dedicated to make the students
understanding the nature of tumors &how the malignant
tumors present with specific signs & symptoms to be
differentiated from benign one .What are the predisposing
factor & the definite causes to be diagnosed early before
extension to nearby vital & dangerous area of eye &
intracranially . Although generally they are rare tumors
but they carry a great morbidity & mortality necessating a
special considerations by the juniors &the surgeon. Also
to teach the students how these tumors presents with
different signs & symptoms making the patients
wandering among different specialty until diagnosed too
late as a nasal or paranasal malignant tumors.
18
19. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
The lecture includes:
a. A quick reviews of key points of previous lecture
b. classifications of tumors as benign & malignant with
their different types . Histological classification &
staging of tumors
c. predisposing & etiological factor for tumor causation
d. Managements including the diagnosis of tumors
whether benign or malignant &the best selected way
of treatments whether surgically or by DXRT or
combined in addition to their prognosis
Lecture title : Embryology , anatomy, physiology of
the ear
Lecturer name: Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Objectives: This lecture is dedicated to help medical
students understand embryology, anatomy and physiology
of the ear and their clinical importance, the lecture will
deal with followings :
1. Embryological development of the ear
2. Anatomical parts of the ear
3. Anatomical landmarks of the ear
4. Functions of the ear
19
20. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Lecture title: Physical & radiological assessment of the
ear diseases
Lecturer name: Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Objectives: in this lecture the students will learn how to
examine & get diagnosis of the ear diseases as its
includes;
1. The different ways of ear examination
2. What you will see in normal ear examination to make
differentiation from disease ear
3. Audio logical assessment & its interpretation
4. Role of plain x-ray & ct scan in ear disease & their
indications.
Lecture title: Symptomatology in ear diseases
Lecturer name: Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Objectives: to know different ear disease symptoms as
deafness (hearing loss), tinnitus (perceptive noisy sound),
vertigo (rotating movement of the surrounding or the
patient himself with fixed environment ) , otalgia (pain in
the ear). So you will get information about above topics
shortly including their classifications, differential
diagnosis , diagnosis & treatments.
Lecture title: Diseases of the external ear
( cong. anomalies, infections, tumors )
20
21. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Lecturer name: Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Objectives: to make the student oriented with the
different ear diseases starting from external ear diseases,
in this lecture will discuss the congenital diseases like
auricle deformity ( bat ear) , preauricular sinus , otitis
externa & its most common causes & types & its
treatment ,also will concentrate on benign & malignant
tumors like osteoma , basal cell carcinoma .
Lecture title : Diseases of the middle ear (acute otitis
media)
Lecturer name: Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Objectives: in this lecture the student will face the most
important & commonest pathology which is middle ear
infection (otitis media), pathology, types, causes,
diagnosis & treatment.
Lecture title : Diseases of the middle ear (chronic otitis
media)
Lecturer name: Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Objectives: chronic OM classified into safe & unsafe
disease, so its important to know both types & its
pathology & treatment , also will discuss different
classifications for CSOM & which of them is useful.
Lecture title : Diseases of the inner ear , ear surgeries
21
22. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Lecturer name: Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Objectives: in this lecture some of the inner ear disease
which is more common than other inner ear disease like
otosclerosis , meniers disease will discussed briefly in
addition the students will get good & sufficient
information about the common ear surgeries like
myringotomy , myringoplasty.
Lecture title : Anatomy and physiology of the pharynx
Lecturer name: Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Objectives: in this lecture the students will get enough
information Concentrating on boundaries and parts of the
pharynx including naso , oro and laryngopharynx, as well
as muscles , nerve supplies with short notes on the
anatomy of soft palate .
In physiology, function of pharyngeal lymphoid tissue
and deglutition are discussed
Lecture title : Common diseases of the buccal cavity
Lecturer name: Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Objectives: Some of the common diseases of
otolarygologist interest are described including :
stomatitis , aphthous ulcers , Behcet’s syndrome tongue
ulcers and AIDS , notes on cysts of mouth , carcinoma of
22
23. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
the toungue , ludwing’s angina and tumours of the oral
cavity
Lecture title : Pharyngitis and pharyngeal abscesses
Lecturer name: Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Objectives: in this lecture the students will know about
common disease in the community (pharyngitis) Acute
and chronic specific and non specific pharyngitis as well
as acute and chronic pharyngeal abscesses, Pharyngitis
and pharyngeal abscesses,& how these conditions can be
dealt with.
Lecture title : Tonsillitis and adenoids
Lecturer name: Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Objectives: Concentrating on acute and chronic tonsillitis
with their complications .Tonsillectomy and post
operative cares , Peritonsillar abscess ,Clinical features of
nasopharyngeal tonsillitis , its complication and
adenoidectomy , Pharyngitis and pharyngeal abscesses
Lecture title : Tumors of the pharynx
Lecturer name: Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Objectives: in this lecture will deal with important
subject which is tumors of pharynx & its include
Tumors of the nasopharynx
Tumors of the oropharynx
Tumors of the laryngopharynx
23
24. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Lecture title : Misceleneous conditions of the pharynx
and throat
Lecturer name: Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Objectives: including Globus hysterics , palate and
pharyngeal palsy , pharyngeal spasm , pharyngeal pouch ,
trismus , cleft palate and elongated styloid process
Lecture title : Neck masses and salivary glands
Lecturer name: Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Objectives: in this lecture will discuss Thyroglossal cyst
and fistula , branchial cyst , cystic hygroma sternomastoid
tumor as well as mumps , submandibular gland calculus
and sialography.
Student feedback for the subject of a lecture
Date: course: year: lecturer: title:
No. Evaluation Questions Score Subjective
(1-5) Remarks
1 The objectives and key messages of
the subject were clear
2 The contents of the subject were
useful and related to the main
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25. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
objectives of the course
3 The materials were prepared carefully
as needed
4 The lecturer/ tutor while lecturing
tried to analyze the principles,
contents and the important points of
the subject simply and properly.
5 The lecturer/ tutor while lecturing
kept my attention.
6 The lecturer/ tutor came into the
classroom on time and was committed
to the duration of the lecture.
7 The lecturer's behavior in the
classroom was calm and respectful
8 The slides used in the lecture were
clear and attractive.
9 At the end of the lecture, the lecturer
gave the students a chance for
questions and comments. His/ her
answers were complete.
10 The reading sources are new and
compatible with the subject.
Total score
1-very bad 2–bad 3–medium 4- good 5-verygood
Examinations.
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26. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
• Types of questions:
1-short essay.
2-long essay.
3-multiple choice questions.
4-Single choice questions
• Time of exam.
3 Three hours.
• The number of questions and marks are
variables :
The methods of correction of answers depend on
key answers of single choice and key for multiple
choice questions & its usually that false answer
will council the true answer in MCQ (either one for
one or two for one) and correction and marks are
given accordingly.
• Advices and directions for all students
before and during exams.
1-Read the question twice before answering.
2-Think of the answer before writing.
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27. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
3-Plan your answer in a separate page before
writing it down on the answer paper.
4-Arrange the answer in the form of introduction,
contents and the final part so that the student
organizes his/her answer
• Samples of MCQ , Single choice , long and
short essays
Single choice question
1. middle turbinate is formed by:
(….)A. vomer bone
(….)B. Ethmoid bone
(….)C. Maxilla bone
(….)D. All of the above
(….)E. none of the above
the correct answer is ( B )
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
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28. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
1. Regarding carcinoma of the larynx:
a. SCC is the most common pathology
b. Smoking has no any role in incidence
c. Neck mass ( lymph node invasion )is more incident
with glottis carcinoma
d. Surgery always curative
The answers as fallow a. T , b. F , c. F , d. F
SHORT ASSAY ON TREATMENT OF
ALLERGIC RHIINITIS
ANSWER
Treatment: includes allergen avoidance,
pharmacotherapy , immunotherapy & surgery which is
rarely needed when there is local pathology affecting the
regress of the symptoms like septal deviation , turbinate
hypertrophy, nasal polyp.
Medication include :
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29. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
1. Antihistamines : these rapidly relieve running,
itching, & sneezing, but have little effect on
blockage. 1st generation antihistamines
( chlorphenramine & diphenhydramine) should be
avoided because of sedation effect , its better to use
non-sedative 2nd generation like (loratidine,
fexofenadine).
2. Topical corticosteroids: these are most effective for
treatment of rhinitis especially if started prior to
allergen exposure, it reduces inflammation, nasal ,
eye symptoms & improve sense of smell e.g
( mometasone , beclomethasone , fluticasone ).
3. Sodium cromoglicate: its weak effective against all
rhinitis symptoms but useful for children aged less
than 4 years.
4. Decongestant : topically used for reducing nasal
obstruction ,but increase rhinorroea . Systemic
decongestant not effective with systemic side effects.
5. Ipratropium bromide : this atropine –like nasal spray
is useful against rhinorrhoea .
6. Systemic corticosteroids : oral steroids used for very
sever symptoms during hay fever season.
7. Antileukotrienes : effective against congestion &
mucous
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30. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Production.
8. Nasal douching : Its effective in seasonal rhinitis.
9. Immunotherapy : Indicated in patients with sever
symptoms not get response to routine medical
treatments.
write long assay on an intrinsic rhinitis
Answer : Is a non-infective , non allergic condition. Like
many diseases whose etiology is obscure , its also termed
as perennial rhinitis or vasomotor rhinitis which is still
perhaps the commonest term.
The term ( non allergic rhinitis ) is commonly applied to a
diagnosis of any nasal condition in which the symptoms
are identical to those seen in allergic rhinitis but an
allergic etiology has been excluded .These non allergic
entities can be broadly be classified as :
• Idiopathic rhinitis ( vasomotor rhinitis ,or non
allergic non infectious perennial rhinitis )
• Non allergic occupational rhinitis
• Hormonal rhinitis
• Drug- induced rhinitis
• Other forms ( non allergic rhinitis with esinophilia
syndrome, rhinitis due to physical & chemical
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31. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
factors, food-induced rhinitis, emotional rhinitis,
atrophic rhinitis ).
unlike allergic rhinitis there are no specific diagnostic
tests for non allergic rhinitis & diagnosis is made on the
basis of rhinitis symptoms in the absence of identifiable
allergy ( by allergy skin test ) , structural abnormality,
immune deficiency, sinus disease or other causes.
Clinical presentation : there are 6 main symptoms of
rhinitis ,these are nasal congestion ,sneezing, nasal itching
, rhinorrhoea , hyposmia & postnasal discharge , of these
nasal symptoms significant sneezing & itching are highly
suggestive of allergic rhinitis & tend not to occur with
intrinsic rhinitis , very marked nasal congestion &
significant hyposmia tend to be symptoms of non allergic
rhinitis. Rhinitis presenting in childhood is almost
invariably of allergic etiology , whereas adult onset
rhinitis is more likely to be due to intrinsic rhinitis .
Allergic rhinitis is always associated with nasal
eosinophilia ( more than 25% of nasal smear cells are
eosinophils) ,whereas non allergic rhinitis ( intrinsic
rhinitis ) may or may not associated with eosinophilia
,approximately 1/3 of intrinsic rhinitis patients have nasal
secretion eosinophilia , so clinically IR classified into
Eosinophilic ( obstruction syndrome ) & Non-eosinophilic
( rhinorrhoea syndrome ) groups.
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32. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
The eosinophilic variety of (IR) was characterized by
marked nasal congestion , profuse rhinorrhoea ,
hyposmia , marked inferior turbinate hypertrophy which
is mild in the other group& mucoid nasal secretion , also
nasal polyposis is more frequent in eosinophilic groups.
Rhinorrhoea is profuse in both groups but more in non-
eosinophilic group which is a predominant feature. The
rhinorhoea group tend to occur in relatively advanced age
whereas the nasal obstruction group tend to occur in
middle age .
Other clinical differences between the 2 groups are
marked mucosal thickening frequently occurs in the
eosinophlic group which is evident on plain radiological
examination of the sinuses, also noted that patient with
eosinophilic (IR) frequently have asthma & occasionally
aspirin sensitivety ,neither of which occurs in the non-
eosinophilic (IR) group. One of the most clinically
obvious differences is dramatic response of the
eosinophilic group to intranasal steroids & poor response
of the other group to any therapy apart from
anticholinergic agents.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
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33. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
From now on every course should have its own
external examiner with identified roles.
The one who can play the role of an external examiner
should:
• Have an academic post with the scientific rank of
assistant Professor and higher.
• He/she should be an active, reputable and
experienced academic staff in his field or a related
field to the course.
• He/she should have not participated in lecturing or
administering of the course.
The roles of the external examiner are:
• Evaluating the contents and the program of the
course.
• Prior to the exam , he /she should contribute to
choosing the questions and looking at the ideal
answers.
• Evaluating the process of the examinations: he/she
should see all the marked exam papers, then choose
randomly nine marked papers: three with high marks,
three with medium and three with low marks.
• Evaluating the students' feedbacks
• He/she should participate in the final meeting of the
first round examinations committee and give his
assessment on the entire course and the examination
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34. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
process, then to give his opinion about the final
results.
• He/she should participate in the final meeting of the
second round examinations committee and should
have a main vote on those problems that may face
them.
• Then the lecturer/ tutor in charge will respond to the
external examiner's questions and will reply officially
to all the questions and clarify the reasons.
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
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35. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Student feedback on the course
Date : course: year lecturer:
no Evaluation Questions Score Subjective
. (1-5) Remarks
1 The objectives and key messages of the subject
were clear
2 The contents of the subject were useful and were
related to the main objectives of the course
3 The coordinator teacher had worked hard to
prepare the materials
4 The coordinator teacher had worked hard to
cooperate and prepare the course
5 The lecturers were carefully selected and were
expert in their fields
6 The coordinator teacher gave a good attention to
the students' criticisms and claims
7 Information on the Examination process was well
provided
8 The questions of the exams were related to the
contents of the course
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36. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
9 There is a potential to promote and develop the
course in the following areas:
10 Total of the levels
1-very bad 2- bad 3-medium 4-good 5-very good
Course Book
Of
Otolaryngology
Fifth Stage
Department of
Surgery
College of Medicine
36
37. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
2010-2011
Course coordinator and list of teachers on
this course
Course: otolaryngology
Course coordinator: Dr. Hewa As'ad
Department: surgery- otolaryngology
College: Medicine
Course coordinator link: hewa_ent@yahoo.com
Tel. +9647701580087
List of teachers on this course:
Dr. Hewa As'ad Abdelkareem
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38. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Dr. Yousif Ibrahim chalabi
Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Course Overview
The course of otolaryngology – head & neck surgery is
dedicated to deal with undergraduate level to know the
importance of otolaryngology in the daily activities of the
junior doctors and the sessions and the lectures are overall
based on simple principles and standards for the juniors in
otolaryngology to understand the physiology and
pathology and management of common diseases & how
to deal with emergency situations that they may be faced
in their practical work , these lectures given in simple and
qualified methods in 28 lectures.
38
39. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Course Objectives
At the end of the course of otolaryngology, the students
should be able to master and perform the basic
otolaryngology assessment & examinations that are
considered fundamentals and learn how to be able to deal
with emergency situations. some of these objectives
include:
6-Performing ENT examination.
7- Deal with a patient complaining of nasal bleeding.
8-How to manage a patients with foreign bodies
inhalations or ingestion.
39
40. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
9-How to manage a patients with an obstructed upper
airway obstruction ( stridor) .
10-Diagnosing and treatment of common
otolaryngological diseases.
Course Reading List
1-Scott- Brown otolaryngology
2-Logans Turners diseases of ear , nose, throat
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41. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
3-Synopsis otolaryngology
4-Makhbool otolaryngology
5- Essential Otolaryngology
6- Oxford handbook of ENT emergences
7-American journal of otolaryngology-head & neck
Surgery
8- journal of laryngoscope
9- www.emedicine.com
Syllabus
N
Title of subject Lecturer/Tuttor’s name
o
1 Dr.Hewa asaad
Anatomy and physiology of the larynx
41
42. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Traumatic conditions of the larynx.
2 Dr.Hewa asaad
Inflammations of the larynx: Acute
3 laryngitis. Dr.Hewa asaad
Inflammations of the larynx: Chronic
4 laryngitis. Dr.Hewa asaad
Neoplasms of the larynx: Benign
5 Dr.Hewa asaad
tumors and cysts
Neoplasms of the larynx: Malignant
6 Dr.Hewa asaad
tumors.
7 Hoarseness Dr.Hewa asaad
Anatomy, Embryology & physiology
8 Dr Yousif Chalabi
of the nose & PNS
congenital anomalies and trauma to the
9 Dr Yousif Chalabi
nose
Acute & Chronic nasal &PNS sinus
10 inflammation Dr Yousif Chalabi
11 Epistaxis Dr Yousif Chalabi
Dr Yousif Chalabi
12 Allergic rhinitis & nasal polyposis
The deformed nose & nasal
13 Dr Yousif Chalabi
obstruction
14 Tumors of nose & paranasal sinuses Dr Yousif Chalabi
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43. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Embryology, anatomy, physiology of Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
15
the ear
Physical& radiological assessment of Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
16
the ear diseases
1 Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Symptomatology in ear diseases
7
Diseases of the external ear Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
18
( cong.anomalies , infections, tumors)
19 Diseases of the middle ear ( acute otitis Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
media)
Diseases of the middle ear (chronic Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
20
otitis media)
Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
21 Diseases of the inner ear, ear surgeries
Anatomy and physiology of the
22 pharynx Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
23 Common diseases of the buccal cavity Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
24 Pharyngitis and pharyngeal abscesses Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
25 Tonsillitis and adenoids Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
26 Tumors of the pharynx Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Miscellaneous conditions of the
27 pharynx and throat Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
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44. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
28 Neck masses and salivary glands Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Lecture title: Anatomy and physiology of the larynx.
Lecturer name: Dr. Hiwa As'ad
Objectives:
This lecture is dedicated to help medical students
understand anatomy and physiology of the larynx and
their clinical importance, the lecture includes:
a. Introduction to laryngeal structure.
b. Description of laryngeal structure (laryngeal cartilages
and membranes, muscles of the larynx and their actions)
demonstrated by figures
c. Description of surface anatomy of the larynx.
d. Blood supply, nerve supply, and lymphatic drainage of
larynx and their clinical importance.
e. Description of functions of larynx.
Lecture title: Traumatic conditions of the larynx
Lecturer: Dr. Hiwa As'ad
Objectives:
This lecture is dedicated to help medical students
understand management of trauma of larynx and neck
which is a common clinical condition that they will face
frequently in their practice in hospital and emergency
department, the lecture includes:
44
45. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
a. Introduction to laryngeal and neck trauma.
b. Description of mechanism of injury (blunt trauma
injury and penetrating trauma).
c. Initial evaluation, clinical assessment, endoscopic
assessment and imaging of the larynx.
d. Classification of laryngeal injury according to extent of
damage.
e. Management of laryngeal trauma, goals of laryngeal
exploration, laryngeal repair, and management of
associated vascular and esophageal injuries.
f. Outcome of management of this condition.
Lecture title: Inflammations of the larynx: Acute
laryngitis
Lecturer name: Dr. Hiwa As'ad
Objectives:
This lecture is dedicated to help medical students
understand this common problem that they will face in
their practice in outpatient clinic, emergency department
or if they work in otolaryngology or pediatric
departments, the lecture includes:
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46. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
a. Introduction to acute laryngitis and its etiological
factors.
b. Description of clinical types of acute laryngitis.
c. Comparison between pediatric patients and adult
patients and relative clinical points to be considered.
d. Treatment options and outcome.
Lecturer title: Inflammations of the larynx: Chronic
laryngitis
Lecturer name: Dr. Hiwa as'ad
Objectives: This lecture is dedicated to understand this
troublesome condition caused by various etiological
factors, and its types (specific and non specific), the
lecture includes:
a. Definition and etiological factors of chronic laryngitis.
b. Clinical classification of chronic laryngitis into specific
and non-specific, and subgroups of each type.
c. Pathology, clinical features, and treatment modality for
each type.
Lecture title: Tumors of the larynx: Benign tumors
Lecturer name: Dr. Hiwa As'ad
Objectives: This lecture is dedicated to help medical
students understand this important conditions that might
46
47. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
affect respiration and voice of patients that needs specific
management, the lecture includes :
a. Introduction.
b. Classification of benign tumors.
c. Clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of each type.
d. Pseudotumors types , clinical features and management
of each type.
Lecture title: Tumors of the larynx: Malignant tumors
Lecturer name: Dr. Hiwa As'ad
Objectives: This lecture is dedicated to help medical
students understand this serious condition and develop
high sense of suspicious for early diagnosis. It also
demonstrates treatment options of this condition, the
lecture includes:
a. Introduction.
b. Classification of carcinoma of larynx.
c. Demonstration of etiological factors.
d. Clinical features, examination of the larynx and the
neck.
e. Radiological investigations and other relevant
investigations to assess tumor extension and spread.
f. Staging and grading of Ca larynx.
g. Demonstration of strategy of treatment and the options
available for this condition.
47
48. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Lecture title: Hoarseness
Lecturer name: Dr. Hiwa As'ad
Objectives: to understand the students the meaning of the
hoarseness & its causes &its treatment, were all
objectives included in the lecture.
Lecture title: Anatomy & Physiology of nose &
paranasal sinus
Lecturer : Dr. Yousif Chalabi
Objective: To emphasize the importance of anatomy &its
variations especially the osteomeatal complex in the
clinical managements of common nose &sinus chronic
diseases & correction of nose & nasal septum both for
physiological & cosmetic purposes , the lecture includes
e. an embyrological introduction to explain some
congenital variation of nose like choanal atresia
f. anatomy of external nose &its skeleton to explain the
anatomical dangerous region of nose &anatomical &
physiological background of cosmetic nasal surgery.
g. anatomy &physiology of nasal fossae & its wall ,
their role in respiration
h. anatomy of paranasal sinuses &their variation with its
impact on pathogenesis of chronic sinus diseases &
facial pain
48
49. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Lecture title: congenital anomalies and trauma to the
nose
Lecturer: Dr Yousif Chalabi
Objectives : to emphasize the importance of early
diagnosis of some congenital anomalies as a cause of
embarrassed respiration in neonates & infants for urgent
interference &to explain the clinical managements of
broken nose &face both medically &legally in addition to
its impact on possible intra cranial ,base of skull ,
cosmetic & respiratory complications to guarantee early
proper detection &management to prevent subsequent
sequels. The lecture includes a quick review of
embryological formation of nose. its openings & anatomy
of nasal skeleton , Choanal atresia , fracture nasal bone
&facial bones (Leforts) fractures , Foreign bodies in nose
& their managements.
Lecture title : Acute & Chronic nasal ¶nasal
sinus inflammation
Lecturer: Dr Yousif Chalabi
Objectives: To consider the predisposing factors& their
prevention in the etiology of acute nasal & paranasal
sinus (PNS) infections & to emphasize the effects of
49
50. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
prompt & early treatments in prevention of persistence of
infections & changing to chronic state. And how to
manage whether medically or surgically the chronic state.
The lecture includes
f. A quick review of key points of previous lecture
g. Acute viral &bacterial infections of nose &PNS
h. Chronic non-specific nasal &PNS inflammation
i. Chronic specific nasal & PNS infection
j. Managements including the medical & surgical way
of treatments
Lecture title: Epistaxis
Lecturer: Dr Yousif Chalabi
Objectives : This lecture is dedicated to emphasize the
importance of epistaxis as one of common acute
emergencies in medicine in general & to teach the
students how to manage it as first-aid , general &specific
ENT managements . How to identify its causes as a local
nasal causes or general systemic causes especially the
blood dyscriasis causes . How to be treated specifically ,
generally & how to prevent & guard against it .
The lecture includes
e. A quick review of key points of previous lecture
f. an introduction to epistaxis
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51. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
g. Causes as a local nasal causes &general systemic
causes
h. Management including the lab hematological.,
radiological & endoscopical way to find the cause as
local nasal or general systemic . how to be treated
whether medically or surgically conservatively or
radically &how to be followed up properly.
Lecture title: Allergic Rhinitis & Nasal polyposis
Lecturer: Dr Yousif Chalabi
Objectives: to emphasize the role of preventative
measures especially the avoidance of allergens .proper use
of immunization & medical treatments
In reducing the complaint & severity of allergic patients.
How to differentiate the different causes of wet nose
including infections allergy & intrinsic vasomotor rhinitis
&how to be treated properly .The lecture is dedicated to
make the students understand the nature of common nasal
problem of polyposis & how to differentiate it from
normal or hypertrophied turbinates . To emphasize the
role of medical treatment as an effective measures in the
early & small polypi or as a preliminary measures for
effective radical treatment or follow up for those treated
surgically.
The lecture includes
51
52. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
f. A quick review of key points of previous lecture
g. An introduction to the types of hypersensitivity
reactions &nature of nasal allergy
h. Etiology of allergy &types of allergens
i. Management including the differentiation &how to
diagnose different types of wet nose. Allergy
dermatological & hematological test in addition to
proper way of prevention &treatments
j. Nasal polyposis as a pathogenesis , diagnosis &
treatments whether medically emphasizing the role of
proper use of cortisone in a non contra-indicated
patients or surgically whether conservatively or
radically by FEES or conventionally by traditional
surgical way
Lecture title : The deformed nose & nasal obstruction
Lecturer: Dr Yousif Chalabi
Objectives: This lecture is dedicated to emphasize the
role of cosmetic nasal surgery with consideration of nasal
passage for proper respiratory functions which so
frequently threatened by some surgeon not considering
the physiological aspect of nasal function &how to deal
with nose surgically both for physiological & cosmetic
purposes . It also aims to make the students understanding
the causes of nasal obstruction &to differentiate the
52
53. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
pathological from normal physiological obstructions of
nasal cycle .The lecture includes
e. A quick review of the key points of previous lecture
f. A review of the nasal respiratory physiology
&anatomy of the nasal skeleton
g. Causes of deformed nose &nasal obstruction
h. Management including the requested examination
whether endoscopically or by imaging (CT SCAN) to
determine the causes &sites of obstructions & how to
be treated whether medically or surgically whether
for cosmetic or physiological purpose separately or in
combinations.
Lecture title : Tumors of nose & paranasal sinuses
Lecturer: Dr Yousif Chalabi
Objectives: The lecture is dedicated to make the students
understanding the nature of tumors &how the malignant
tumors present with specific signs & symptoms to be
differentiated from benign one .What are the predisposing
factor & the definite causes to be diagnosed early before
extension to nearby vital & dangerous area of eye &
intracranially . Although generally they are rare tumors
but they carry a great morbidity & mortality necessating a
special considerations by the juniors &the surgeon. Also
to teach the students how these tumors presents with
53
54. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
different signs & symptoms making the patients
wandering among different specialty until diagnosed too
late as a nasal or paranasal malignant tumors.
The lecture includes:
e. A quick reviews of key points of previous lecture
f. classifications of tumors as benign & malignant with
their different types . Histological classification &
staging of tumors
g. predisposing & etiological factor for tumor causation
h. Managements including the diagnosis of tumors
whether benign or malignant &the best selected way
of treatments whether surgically or by DXRT or
combined in addition to their prognosis
Lecture title : Anatomy, physiology of the ear
Lecturer name: Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Objectives: This lecture is dedicated to help medical
students understand anatomy and physiology of the ear
and their clinical importance, the lecture will deal with
followings :
1. Anatomical parts of the ear
2. Anatomical landmarks of the ear
3. Functions of the ear
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55. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Lecture title: Physical & radiological assessment of the
ear diseases
Lecturer name: Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Objectives: in this lecture the students will learn how to
examine & get diagnosis of the ear diseases as its
includes;
5. The different ways of ear examination
6. What you will see in normal ear examination to make
differentiation from disease ear
7. Audio logical assessment & its interpretation
8. Role of plain x-ray & ct scan in ear disease & their
indications.
Lecture title: Symptomatology in ear diseases
Lecturer name: Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Objectives: to know different ear disease symptoms as
deafness (hearing loss), tinnitus (perceptive noisy sound),
vertigo (rotating movement of the surrounding or the
patient himself with fixed environment ) , otalgia (pain in
the ear). So you will get information about above topics
shortly including their classifications, differential
diagnosis , diagnosis & treatments.
Lecture title: Diseases of the external ear
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56. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
( cong. anomalies, infections, tumors )
Lecturer name: Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Objectives: to make the student oriented with the
different ear diseases starting from external ear diseases,
in this lecture will discuss the congenital diseases like
auricle deformity ( bat ear) , preauricular sinus , otitis
externa & its most common causes & types & its
treatment ,also will concentrate on benign & malignant
tumors like osteoma , basal cell carcinoma .
Lecture title : Diseases of the middle ear (acute otitis
media)
Lecturer name: Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Objectives: in this lecture the student will face the most
important & commonest pathology which is middle ear
infection (otitis media), pathology, types, causes,
diagnosis & treatment.
Lecture title : Diseases of the middle ear (chronic otitis
media)
Lecturer name: Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Objectives: chronic OM classified into safe & unsafe
disease, so its important to know both types & its
pathology & treatment , also will discuss different
classifications for CSOM & which of them is useful.
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57. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
Lecture title : Diseases of the inner ear , ear surgeries
Lecturer name: Dr. Muaid Ismaiel Aziz
Objectives: in this lecture some of the inner ear disease
which is more common than other inner ear disease like
otosclerosis , meniers disease will discussed briefly in
addition the students will get good & sufficient
information about the common ear surgeries like
myringotomy , myringoplasty.
Lecture title : Anatomy and physiology of the pharynx
Lecturer name: Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Objectives: in this lecture the students will get enough
information Concentrating on boundaries and parts of the
pharynx including naso , oro and laryngopharynx, as well
as muscles , nerve supplies with short notes on the
anatomy of soft palate .
In physiology, function of pharyngeal lymphoid tissue
and deglutition are discussed
Lecture title : Common diseases of the buccal cavity
Lecturer name: Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Objectives: Some of the common diseases of
otolarygologist interest are described including :
stomatitis , aphthous ulcers , Behcet’s syndrome tongue
ulcers and AIDS , notes on cysts of mouth , carcinoma of
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58. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
the toungue , ludwing’s angina and tumours of the oral
cavity
Lecture title : Pharyngitis and pharyngeal abscesses
Lecturer name: Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Objectives: in this lecture the students will know about
common disease in the community (pharyngitis) Acute
and chronic specific and non specific pharyngitis as well
as acute and chronic pharyngeal abscesses, Pharyngitis
and pharyngeal abscesses,& how these conditions can be
dealt with.
Lecture title : Tonsillitis and adenoids
Lecturer name: Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Objectives: Concentrating on acute and chronic tonsillitis
with their complications .Tonsillectomy and post
operative cares , Peritonsillar abscess ,Clinical features of
nasopharyngeal tonsillitis , its complication and
adenoidectomy , Pharyngitis and pharyngeal abscesses
Lecture title : Tumors of the pharynx
Lecturer name: Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Objectives: in this lecture will deal with important
subject which is tumors of pharynx & its include
Tumors of the nasopharynx
Tumors of the oropharynx
Tumors of the laryngopharynx
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59. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
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Lecture title : Misceleneous conditions of the pharynx
and throat
Lecturer name: Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Objectives: including Globus hysterics , palate and
pharyngeal palsy , pharyngeal spasm , pharyngeal pouch ,
trismus , cleft palate and elongated styloid process
Lecture title : Neck masses and salivary glands
Lecturer name: Dr. Sherko Saeed Fathullah
Objectives: in this lecture will discuss Thyroglossal cyst
and fistula , branchial cyst , cystic hygroma sternomastoid
tumor as well as mumps , submandibular gland calculus
and sialography.
Student feedback for the subject of a lecture
Date: course: year: lecturer: title:
No. Evaluation Questions Score Subjective
(1-5) Remarks
1 The objectives and key messages of
the subject were clear
2 The contents of the subject were
useful and related to the main
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60. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
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objectives of the course
3 The materials were prepared carefully
as needed
4 The lecturer/ tutor while lecturing
tried to analyze the principles,
contents and the important points of
the subject simply and properly.
5 The lecturer/ tutor while lecturing
kept my attention.
6 The lecturer/ tutor came into the
classroom on time and was committed
to the duration of the lecture.
7 The lecturer's behavior in the
classroom was calm and respectful
8 The slides used in the lecture were
clear and attractive.
9 At the end of the lecture, the lecturer
gave the students a chance for
questions and comments. His/ her
answers were complete.
10 The reading sources are new and
compatible with the subject.
Total score
1-very bad 2–bad 3–medium 4- good 5-verygood
Examinations.
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• Types of questions:
1-short essay.
2-long essay.
3-multiple choice questions.
4-Single choice questions
• Time of exam.
3 Three hours.
• The number of questions and marks are
variables :
The methods of correction of answers depend on
key answers of single choice and key for multiple
choice questions & its usually that false answer
will council the true answer in MCQ (either one for
one or two for one) and correction and marks are
given accordingly.
• Advices and directions for all students
before and during exams.
5-Read the question twice before answering.
6-Think of the answer before writing.
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7-Plan your answer in a separate page before
writing it down on the answer paper.
8-Arrange the answer in the form of introduction,
contents and the final part so that the student
organizes his/her answer
• Samples of MCQ , Single choice , long and
short essays
Single choice question
2. middle turbinate is formed by:
(….)A. vomer bone
(….)B. Ethmoid bone
(….)C. Maxilla bone
(….)D. All of the above
(….)E. none of the above
the correct answer is ( B )
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
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4. Regarding carcinoma of the larynx:
e. SCC is the most common pathology
f. Smoking has no any role in incidence
g. Neck mass ( lymph node invasion )is more incident
with glottis carcinoma
h. Surgery always curative
The answers as fallow a. T , b. F , c. F , d. F
SHORT ASSAY ON TREATMENT OF
ALLERGIC RHIINITIS
ANSWER
Treatment: includes allergen avoidance,
pharmacotherapy , immunotherapy & surgery which is
rarely needed when there is local pathology affecting the
regress of the symptoms like septal deviation , turbinate
hypertrophy, nasal polyp.
Medication include :
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8. Antihistamines : these rapidly relieve running,
itching, & sneezing, but have little effect on
blockage. 1st generation antihistamines
( chlorphenramine & diphenhydramine) should be
avoided because of sedation effect , its better to use
non-sedative 2nd generation like (loratidine,
fexofenadine).
9. Topical corticosteroids: these are most effective for
treatment of rhinitis especially if started prior to
allergen exposure, it reduces inflammation, nasal ,
eye symptoms & improve sense of smell e.g
( mometasone , beclomethasone , fluticasone ).
10.Sodium cromoglicate: its weak effective against all
rhinitis symptoms but useful for children aged less
than 4 years.
11.Decongestant : topically used for reducing nasal
obstruction ,but increase rhinorroea . Systemic
decongestant not effective with systemic side effects.
12.Ipratropium bromide : this atropine –like nasal spray
is useful against rhinorrhoea .
13.Systemic corticosteroids : oral steroids used for very
sever symptoms during hay fever season.
14.Antileukotrienes : effective against congestion &
mucous
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65. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
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Production.
8. Nasal douching : Its effective in seasonal rhinitis.
9. Immunotherapy : Indicated in patients with sever
symptoms not get response to routine medical
treatments.
write long assay on an intrinsic rhinitis
Answer : Is a non-infective , non allergic condition. Like
many diseases whose etiology is obscure , its also termed
as perennial rhinitis or vasomotor rhinitis which is still
perhaps the commonest term.
The term ( non allergic rhinitis ) is commonly applied to a
diagnosis of any nasal condition in which the symptoms
are identical to those seen in allergic rhinitis but an
allergic etiology has been excluded .These non allergic
entities can be broadly be classified as :
• Idiopathic rhinitis ( vasomotor rhinitis ,or non
allergic non infectious perennial rhinitis )
• Non allergic occupational rhinitis
• Hormonal rhinitis
• Drug- induced rhinitis
• Other forms ( non allergic rhinitis with esinophilia
syndrome, rhinitis due to physical & chemical
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2010-2011
factors, food-induced rhinitis, emotional rhinitis,
atrophic rhinitis ).
unlike allergic rhinitis there are no specific diagnostic
tests for non allergic rhinitis & diagnosis is made on the
basis of rhinitis symptoms in the absence of identifiable
allergy ( by allergy skin test ) , structural abnormality,
immune deficiency, sinus disease or other causes.
Clinical presentation : there are 6 main symptoms of
rhinitis ,these are nasal congestion ,sneezing, nasal itching
, rhinorrhoea , hyposmia & postnasal discharge , of these
nasal symptoms significant sneezing & itching are highly
suggestive of allergic rhinitis & tend not to occur with
intrinsic rhinitis , very marked nasal congestion &
significant hyposmia tend to be symptoms of non allergic
rhinitis. Rhinitis presenting in childhood is almost
invariably of allergic etiology , whereas adult onset
rhinitis is more likely to be due to intrinsic rhinitis .
Allergic rhinitis is always associated with nasal
eosinophilia ( more than 25% of nasal smear cells are
eosinophils) ,whereas non allergic rhinitis ( intrinsic
rhinitis ) may or may not associated with eosinophilia
,approximately 1/3 of intrinsic rhinitis patients have nasal
secretion eosinophilia , so clinically IR classified into
Eosinophilic ( obstruction syndrome ) & Non-eosinophilic
( rhinorrhoea syndrome ) groups.
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The eosinophilic variety of (IR) was characterized by
marked nasal congestion , profuse rhinorrhoea ,
hyposmia , marked inferior turbinate hypertrophy which
is mild in the other group& mucoid nasal secretion , also
nasal polyposis is more frequent in eosinophilic groups.
Rhinorrhoea is profuse in both groups but more in non-
eosinophilic group which is a predominant feature. The
rhinorhoea group tend to occur in relatively advanced age
whereas the nasal obstruction group tend to occur in
middle age .
Other clinical differences between the 2 groups are
marked mucosal thickening frequently occurs in the
eosinophlic group which is evident on plain radiological
examination of the sinuses, also noted that patient with
eosinophilic (IR) frequently have asthma & occasionally
aspirin sensitivety ,neither of which occurs in the non-
eosinophilic (IR) group. One of the most clinically
obvious differences is dramatic response of the
eosinophilic group to intranasal steroids & poor response
of the other group to any therapy apart from
anticholinergic agents.
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68. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
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From now on every course should have its own
external examiner with identified roles.
The one who can play the role of an external examiner
should:
• Have an academic post with the scientific rank of
assistant Professor and higher.
• He/she should be an active, reputable and
experienced academic staff in his field or a related
field to the course.
• He/she should have not participated in lecturing or
administering of the course.
The roles of the external examiner are:
• Evaluating the contents and the program of the
course.
• Prior to the exam , he /she should contribute to
choosing the questions and looking at the ideal
answers.
• Evaluating the process of the examinations: he/she
should see all the marked exam papers, then choose
randomly nine marked papers: three with high marks,
three with medium and three with low marks.
• Evaluating the students' feedbacks
• He/she should participate in the final meeting of the
first round examinations committee and give his
assessment on the entire course and the examination
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69. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
2010-2011
process, then to give his opinion about the final
results.
• He/she should participate in the final meeting of the
second round examinations committee and should
have a main vote on those problems that may face
them.
• Then the lecturer/ tutor in charge will respond to the
external examiner's questions and will reply officially
to all the questions and clarify the reasons.
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70. Course Book --- otolaryngology ---- department of Surgery ---- Fifth stage
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Student feedback on the course
Date : course: year lecturer:
no Evaluation Questions Score Subjective
. (1-5) Remarks
1 The objectives and key messages of the subject
were clear
2 The contents of the subject were useful and were
related to the main objectives of the course
3 The coordinator teacher had worked hard to
prepare the materials
4 The coordinator teacher had worked hard to
cooperate and prepare the course
5 The lecturers were carefully selected and were
expert in their fields
6 The coordinator teacher gave a good attention to
the students' criticisms and claims
7 Information on the Examination process was well
provided
8 The questions of the exams were related to the
contents of the course
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9 There is a potential to promote and develop the
course in the following areas:
10 Total of the levels
1-very bad 2- bad 3-medium 4-good 5-very good
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