Download as PDF, PPTX
Uploaded byProf. Jacques Folon (Ph.D)
Copyright & IPR
This document discusses intellectual property rights and related topics. It begins with an introduction of the author Jacques Folon and his background. It then discusses several criticisms of intellectual property rights, including that many internet users do not consider piracy to be theft. The document also discusses the history and increasing lengths of copyrights. It examines whether intellectual property rights are truly a form of property in the same way as other types of property. The purpose and types of intellectual property rights are also explained, including inventions, signs, designs, copyrights and neighboring rights. The document concludes by raising questions about the limits of intellectual property rights, particularly regarding content on the internet and social media.
Law◦
More Related Content
More from Prof. Jacques Folon (Ph.D)
Copyright & IPR
- 1.
- 2. Available on linewww.fedweb.belgium.be in French & Dutch
- 3.
- 4. A short historyof copyright
- 5. 80% of theInternet Users do consider that Pyracy is not theft 5
- 6.
- 7. 7 IPR is outdated Beaumarchaiscreated the first copyright society in 1777 FRANCE IS THE « DROIT D’AUTEUR» COUNTRY
- 8. IS IPR aproperty like any other one? • No, it is limited in time 8
- 9. • No, itcreates a temporary monopoly position 9 IS IPR a property like any other one?
- 10.
- 11. What is thepurpose of IPR? • It allows the possibility for an author to live • It gives various type of protection 11
- 12. Février 2008 IDEAS Ideas arenot protected works. They are not subject to property and are free as far as they are not proposed in an external way (CA Paris 12 sept 1989)
- 13. IPR • Inventions – Patents –GMO – IT Chips • Signs – Trade mark – Names – Geographical protection • Esthetical objects & design – Design • Copyright, droit d’auteur & neighboring rights 13
- 14. « Droit d’auteur» Original • « shows the personality of the author » • Plagiarism is not original Concretization • Ideas are not protected • A minimum of concretization is enough • two criteria needed Source: Lionel Maurel http://www.slideshare.net/calimaq/droit-de-linternet-et-de-linformation-complet
- 15. 15 Questions to raisebefore using protected works • Are these protected works? • Are we authorized to use them? • Do we have a written agreement? => what are the basic principles?
- 16. 16 Basic principles •Exclusive right •70Years after author’s death •Preliminary authorization •transfer of rights •forbidden by law !! Crédit image: http://www.tetedequenelle.fr/2010/03/droit-dauteur-mal-tourne/
- 17.
- 18. 18 Categories « Droit d’auteur» « copyright system » creative commons assignment of rights Public domain
- 19. What is protected? Text Conferences theatre choreography circus movie paintings music photo maps architecture software design fashion
- 20. 20 Protection of thework •Official declaration in the copyright system •Nothing for « droit d’auteur »
- 21. 25 The Author Copyright systemthe producer Droit d’auteur: the individual
- 22. 22 • The authorhas the exclusive right – to make a copy or accept reproduction – communication to the public – translation – adaptation – sales • Duration in EU: 70 years after the author’s death Crédit image: http://www.rtbf.be/culture/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/AFPgoncourt1.jpg
- 23. 27 reproduction right •A copyof the work •Xerox copy •3D printing •Recording •copy of a film •etc.
- 24. 24 Contracts the author isthe weak party strict interpretation assignment of right clause
- 25. 25 The fact thatone buys an object does not means that he/she automatically owns the copyrights 118
- 26. Copyright protection doesnot vary following •the nature of the work (music, sculpture, etc.) •its form (digital, 3D or 2D, etc.) •Its beauty or its price
- 27. 27 Moral right Only insome countries end of the work could not be seazed Paternity respect destruction honor & reputation 120
- 29. Exceptions 29 Quotations legal licences reprography family news communication asminor element fair use public domain
- 30. FAIR USE – theusage of the work may be accepted depending on • the usage (education • the type of work • size and quantities of use • consequences on the market share 30
- 31. 31 Neighboring rights categories thathelp the author or created specific rights !performing artists !producers !broadcasters !database producers !duration 70 years
- 32. Which authorization areneeded ? • Reproduction rights • Communication to the public • ! each use s/b authorized • Do not forget moral right • assignment of right s/b in writing
- 33. To whom maywe ask the authorization? • Author • Performing artists • Neighboring rights • Broadcasters • Rightsowners • Collective organizations may help
- 34. Assignment of rights (Droitd’auteur) • in writing • Strict interpretation • S/B precise – which right – remuneration – how long – for which territory • Difference with the copyright system
- 35. Sub contractors (droit d’auteur) •in writing • Strict interpretation • S:B precise – which right – remuneration – how long – for which territory • Difference with the copyright system
- 36. What if noassignment? • The author keeps his rights • Negociation at the end of the contract • legal action from the author possible
- 37. What is notprotected ? • laws • political speeches (with exceptions) • some public documents
- 38.
- 39.
- 40. the most popularis CC invented by Lawrence Lessig philosophy oh the library of Alexandria Free as a free speech not as a free beer
- 41. • 4 criteria: – atribute) – no derivative – Share-alike – Non commercial (nc)
- 43. Now you knowhow to handle droit d’auteur, copyright & neighboring rights don’t forget it ! 43
- 44. TRADEMARKS An image, agraphic design a word, an image useful to recognize products forbid confusion with other products Duration 10 years renewable by country and for EU
- 45. CONDITIONS not forbid bylaw no confusion new means nothing similar already protected DISTINCTIVE <> GENERIC, USUAL OU DESCRIPTIVE Third party could refuse (ex:Apple)
- 46.
- 47. Trademarks, domain names& user names in social media 200 millions domain names 2 billions user names google search identifies user names crédit image: http://www.them.pro/files/images/domain-names-extensions.jpg
- 48. Usernames easy to obtain nocontrol used by search engines crédit image: http://www.saadkamal.com/social-media/change-facebook-username/
- 49. Design & models Protectsappearance if it is new it is specific Duration 25 years http://lyc-stpaulnotredame-72.ac-nantes.fr/IMG/jpg/Philippe_Starck_1949-_-_Presse-Agrume_1_.jpg https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRLU6-6-PHFcb9sXL9Vmx10ANW5L_gBg2a6RL2f79VbD5dxkQFlMg
- 50. Promotes research bygiving during a limited time (20 years) a monopoly to a person or a company who invent a product a process that is new Patents
- 51. In order toreceive a patent 4 conditions : – new technical effect – industrial consequences –new (unknow by the public) –Innovative (as expert decide)
- 52. Right on his/herimage 52
- 53. Basic principles • Internationaltreaties • privacy means also right to his image • principally no need for a damage • Preliminary authorization needed • duration 20 years after the individual’s death
- 54. How ? Prior authorizationrequested Exceptions: – person with a public status - even temporary (only during public life) – consent for a shooting does not mean consent for usage the person needs be identified (>< crowd)
- 55. Remember authorization isalso needed for • Artwork • Buildings and monument (Eiffel tower) • Houses • trademarks • design • For pictures two authorizations needed – photographer – subject (individual or not) • discussion for journalists: right of information >< right of image
- 56. Internet: digital farwest ? 56
- 57.
- 58. Legal questions onInternet ? OPTE Project Map of the Internet – CC-BY 58 •Peer to peer •drugs •counterfeits products •Diffamation Virtual world– real world National law - internet
- 59. INTERNET LAW ? •Thereis no internet law •digital is not different •new usages & international level •Digital influence the legal framework 59
- 60. Digital influence 60Source: http://www.slideshare.net/calimaq/ecriture-web-et-dimension-juridique •Cut &paste •multimedia (voice, music, video, ) •co-working •immediate publication •re-use, re-create, re-publish •a work has an independent life
- 61. Digital and thelaw Laws do exist but are not respected New problems that are not covered by existing laws Who is responsible? (creator, hosted, telecom operator,…) Applicable law ? 61
- 62. Google Book Search •USlaw vs. French law • French stops Google •Finally agreements 62
- 63. • more &more influence of the terms & conditions Applicable law is a complex matter
- 64. 64 Did you readthem ?
- 65.
- 66. Is a tweet aprotected work?
- 68. It’s quite confusing •wording not really understood (copyright, free, free for use,…) • many new laws and regulations • and everything could be copied in one clic
- 69. Where is thelimit? • What happens after your death? "emails "social media ? "virtual goods "e-reputation CC-BY-NC-ND Henning 69 Source: Lionel Maurel http://www.slideshare.net/calimaq/droit-de-linternet-et-de-linformation-complet
- 70. Where is thelimit ? 70Source: Lionel Maurel http://www.slideshare.net/calimaq/droit-de-linternet-et-de-linformation-complet
- 71. WHERE IS THELIMIT? ARE AVATARS BECOMING LEGAL ENTITIES ? Sur Second Life 71
- 72. http://www.scoop.it/t/any-need-for-reinventing-copyright-droit-d-auteur-intellectual-property-news 72 AUTHOR ? A fewlines Photo Share… legally? CURATION : ILLEGAL ?
- 73.
- 74.
- 75.
- 76. 76 Q & A Créditimage: http://jillsbooks.wordpress.com/2010/09/15/hellooooo-anybody-out-there/raise-your-hand-2/