A brief explanation of both two stroke diesel engine and two stroke petrol engine with appropriate figures. It can also submitted to professor at the time of submission.
A brief explanation of both two stroke engine and four stroke engine with appropriate figures. It can also submitted to professor at the time of submission.
Basic parts of steering system:
Steering wheel, column and shaft – driver inputs
Steering gear – changes direction – rotating steering wheel into linear motion.
Steering linkage – connects steering gear to steering arms
Ball joints – allows movement of steering components and suspension
hi, I am sujon I just completed graduate at International University of Business Agriculture and Technology in Bangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering
A brief explanation of both two stroke diesel engine and two stroke petrol engine with appropriate figures. It can also submitted to professor at the time of submission.
A brief explanation of both two stroke engine and four stroke engine with appropriate figures. It can also submitted to professor at the time of submission.
Basic parts of steering system:
Steering wheel, column and shaft – driver inputs
Steering gear – changes direction – rotating steering wheel into linear motion.
Steering linkage – connects steering gear to steering arms
Ball joints – allows movement of steering components and suspension
hi, I am sujon I just completed graduate at International University of Business Agriculture and Technology in Bangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering
A reciprocating engine system works on converting one form of energy into another. While doing such 60-70% if the energy gets waste as heat and if this heat is not rapidly removed then the cylinder might get over heated and lead to whole engine failure.
Cooling Water Pump: Heart of the Cooling SystemFlowmore Pumps
The cooling water pump is the heart of the cooling system. It circulates the coolant through the radiator, engine and heater core. These days, certain vehicles often have more than one water pump, and the auxiliary pumps usually work by electric motors and are managed by a computer.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
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Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
2. What is it?
It is a system which is used to keep engine from
getting not too hot and at the same time not to
keep it too cool either.
3. Reasons for Cooling
To promote a high volumetric efficiency.
To ensure proper combustion.
To ensure mechanical operation.
4. Effect for Over-cooling
The thermal efficiency is decreased due to more
loss of heat carried by the coolant.
The vapourization of the fuel is less resulting in
lower combustion efficiency.
Low temperature increases the viscosity of
lubricant causing more loss due to friction.
5. Types of Cooling system
Air cooling (or direct cooling) system.
Liquid cooling (or indirect cooling) system.
6. Air cooling system
Air cooled engines depend on airflow across their external
surfaces of the engine cylinders to remove the necessary
heat. It is used for Small Engines
The amount of heat dissipated depends upon:
The area of cooling surface in contact with the air.
Mass flow rate of air
Temperature difference between cylinder and air
Conductivity of metal.
7. Air cooling system – Advantages
No need of radiator, cooling jackets, coolant and pumps.
The engine can be operated in cold climate where liquid
may freeze.
In places where water is scarce , air cooled engine is an
advantage.
Less weight and low cost.
Air cooled engines have no coolant leakage or freezing
problems.
8. Air cooling system -
Disadvantages
Large amount of power is used to drive the
cooling fan.
Engines give low power output.
Cooling fins under certain conditions may vibrate
and amplify the noise level.
Cooling is not uniform.
9. Liquid cooling system
A liquid (coolant) is circulated around the
cylinders and absorb heat from the
cylinder walls and cylinder head.
It is used for large Engines
10. Liquid cooling systems - Types
Thermo-syphon system
Forced circulation cooling system
Evaporative cooling system
Direct or non- return system
11. Thermo Siphon System
In this system the circulation of water is due to
difference in temperature of water. So in this
system pump is not required but water is circulated
because of density difference only.
12. Evaporative cooling system
In this system , the engine will be cooled because of
the evaporation of the water in the cylinders into
steams. It is used for cooling of many types of
industrial engines.
13. Forced circulation cooling system
This system is used in a large number of vehicles
like cars, buses , trucks and other heavy vehicles .
Here, circulation of water takes place with
convection currents helped by a pump.
14. Non-Return Water Cooling
System
This is suitable for large installations and where
plenty of water is available. The water from a
storage tank is directly supplied to the engine
cylinder. The hot water is not cooled for reuse but
simply discharges.
18. Liquid cooling system-
Advantages
Uniform cooling of cylinder, cylinder head and
valves.
fuel consumption of engine improves by using
water cooling system.
The Engine need not be provided at the front end
of moving vehicle because of cooling system.
Engine is less noisy as compared with air cooled
engines, as it has water for damping noise.
19. Disadvantages of Cooling system
It depends upon the supply of water.
The water pump which circulates water absorbs
considerable power.
If the water cooling system fails then it will result in
several damage of engine.
The water cooling system is costlier as it has more
number of parts.
Also it requires more maintenance and care for its
parts.
20. Use of Anti- Freezers
During winter the water used in the radiator freezes because of cold
climates, then ice formed has more volume and produces cracks in the
cylinder blocks, pipes, and radiator. So, to prevent freezing antifreeze
mixtures or solutions are added in the cooling water.
Normally following are used as antifreeze solutions :
Methyl, ethyl alcohols.
A solution of alcohol and water.
Ethylene Glycol etc.
21. The ideal antifreeze solutions
should have the following
properties :
It should dissolve in water easily.
It should not evaporate.
It should not have any harmful effect on any part
of cooling system.
It should be cheap and easily available.
It should not corrode the system.
22. Lubricating oil as coolant
The heat, generated by piston, cylinder, and bearings is removed by
lubrication to a great extent. Lubrication creates cooling effect on
the engine parts.
23. Conclusion
A cooling system must be provided not only to
prevent damage to the vital parts of the engine
(due to high temperature), but the temperature of
these components must be maintained within
certain limits in order to obtain maximum
performance from the engine.