it has been observed that machines have become more intelligent, especially in manufacturing industries and power plants. Day by day use of hydraulic & pneumatic systems has been increasing rapidly. Some industries have only pneumatic systems for various operations. Instead of other rotary actuators industries are using pneumatic and hydraulic actuators to get better accuracy and smooth operations. Simultaneously engineers are focusing on computer control also. To construct a pneumatic system with a higher control features, the one and only option is computer control. It means that engineer would be able to control the whole system with the help of on board computer attached with the unit. To build such a system serial control techniques to control pneumatic & hydraulic systems have been shown in this paper. This system has been designed using Arduino Microcontroller (ATMEGA 168, 8 bit ATMEL), Matlab software, Arduino software, GUI (graphical user interface) toolbox, pneumatic components and some electromechanical switches. Verification of the pneumatic circuit can be done using Automsim premium software.
This study paper portrays a fresh approach for
a course and laboratory design to establish low cost prototypes
and other entrenched devices that accentuate virtual
programmable logic device (VPLD), object oriented java and
real time processing tactics. JAVA is used for software
development. The study encompasses the use of host and node
application. A high performance, low power AVR with high
endurance non-volatile memory segments and with an advance
RISC structure is used to construct prototypes. The paperwork
deals with the VPLD board which is capable to work as
corresponding digital logic analyzer, equation parser, standard
digital IC and design wave studio
Training report on Embedded Systems and MATLABAswin Sreeraj
An embedded system is a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts. Embedded systems control many devices in common use today.
MATLAB (matrix laboratory) is a multi-paradigm numerical computing environment and fourth-generation programming language.
A Computer Based Artificial Neural Network Controller with Interactive Audito...theijes
The proposed design offers a complete online and offline solution to manage the industrial systems. The designed hardware able to, read analog signals, digital signals, and controls many devices in real time. The heart of the hardware part is microcontroller PIC18F4550 which communicate with a computer via USB. The software part is programmed using Visual C# software to control managed system requires. The system operator can monitor system and diagnostic faults manually or automatically based on artificial neural network. Finally, the system has been simulated and implemented successfully.
SYBSC IT SEM IV EMBEDDED SYSTEMS UNIT III The 8051 MicrocontrollersArti Parab Academics
The 8051 Microcontrollers: Microcontrollers and Embedded processors, Overview of 8051 family. 8051 Microcontroller hardware, Input/output pins, Ports, and Circuits, External Memory. 8051 Programming in C: Data Types and time delay in 8051 C, I/O Programming, Logic operations, Data conversion Programs
This study paper portrays a fresh approach for
a course and laboratory design to establish low cost prototypes
and other entrenched devices that accentuate virtual
programmable logic device (VPLD), object oriented java and
real time processing tactics. JAVA is used for software
development. The study encompasses the use of host and node
application. A high performance, low power AVR with high
endurance non-volatile memory segments and with an advance
RISC structure is used to construct prototypes. The paperwork
deals with the VPLD board which is capable to work as
corresponding digital logic analyzer, equation parser, standard
digital IC and design wave studio
Training report on Embedded Systems and MATLABAswin Sreeraj
An embedded system is a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts. Embedded systems control many devices in common use today.
MATLAB (matrix laboratory) is a multi-paradigm numerical computing environment and fourth-generation programming language.
A Computer Based Artificial Neural Network Controller with Interactive Audito...theijes
The proposed design offers a complete online and offline solution to manage the industrial systems. The designed hardware able to, read analog signals, digital signals, and controls many devices in real time. The heart of the hardware part is microcontroller PIC18F4550 which communicate with a computer via USB. The software part is programmed using Visual C# software to control managed system requires. The system operator can monitor system and diagnostic faults manually or automatically based on artificial neural network. Finally, the system has been simulated and implemented successfully.
SYBSC IT SEM IV EMBEDDED SYSTEMS UNIT III The 8051 MicrocontrollersArti Parab Academics
The 8051 Microcontrollers: Microcontrollers and Embedded processors, Overview of 8051 family. 8051 Microcontroller hardware, Input/output pins, Ports, and Circuits, External Memory. 8051 Programming in C: Data Types and time delay in 8051 C, I/O Programming, Logic operations, Data conversion Programs
A 16-bit microprocessor I designed during my final semester (2005) of my Bachelor of Technology program. The microprocessor circuitry design was coded in VHDL and then configured in a Xilinx XC9572 PC84 CPLD kit. Most of the design, the architecture and the instruction set were taken from Computer System Architecture (3rd ed.) by M. Morris Mano. See https://github.com/susam/mano-cpu for VHDL source code and other related files.
The main objective of this paper is to design and develop an automatic vehicle, fully controlled by a
computer system. The vehicle designed in the present work can move in a pre-determined path and work
automatically without the need of any human operator and it also controlled by human operator. Such a
vehicle is capable of performing wide variety of difficult tasks in space research, domestic, scientific and
industrial fields. For this purpose, an IBM compatible PC with Pentium microprocessor has been used
which performed the function of the system controller. Its parallel printer port has been used as data
communication port to interface the vehicle. A suitable software program has been developed for the
system controller to send commands to the vehicle.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
A 16-bit microprocessor I designed during my final semester (2005) of my Bachelor of Technology program. The microprocessor circuitry design was coded in VHDL and then configured in a Xilinx XC9572 PC84 CPLD kit. Most of the design, the architecture and the instruction set were taken from Computer System Architecture (3rd ed.) by M. Morris Mano. See https://github.com/susam/mano-cpu for VHDL source code and other related files.
The main objective of this paper is to design and develop an automatic vehicle, fully controlled by a
computer system. The vehicle designed in the present work can move in a pre-determined path and work
automatically without the need of any human operator and it also controlled by human operator. Such a
vehicle is capable of performing wide variety of difficult tasks in space research, domestic, scientific and
industrial fields. For this purpose, an IBM compatible PC with Pentium microprocessor has been used
which performed the function of the system controller. Its parallel printer port has been used as data
communication port to interface the vehicle. A suitable software program has been developed for the
system controller to send commands to the vehicle.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Hybrid Nonlinear Model of McKibben Pneumatic Artificial Muscle Systems Incorp...Kiminao Kogiso
We have proposed a precise hybrid nonlinear model of the PAM by replacing a Coulomb friction coefficient with a pressure-dependent one. It was confirmed that the proposed model can express the nonlinear behaviors of several commercial PAMs.
This slide was used at my presentation at IEEE Multi-conference on Systems and Control, Sydney, Australia, 2015.
This presentation introduces the concepts of mechatronic system simulation, and the LMS Imagine.Lab Amesim software.
For more information, please visit our website: www.siemens.com/plm/simcenter-amesim
Tư vấn miễn phí & Đặt hàng dầu nhớt : 0908.131.884 Anh Quyền. Công ty TNHH TMDV Hoài Phương là Tổng đại lý dầu nhớt AP Oil , Saigon Petro khu vực miền đông nam bộ, Cam kết giá tốt nhât, chất lượng tốt nhất, Giao hàng nhanh chóng nhất, Hậu mãi chu đáo nhất.
Home Automation with MATLAB and ARDUINO InterfaceAlok Tiwari
Home automation trade has drawn goodish attention of researchers for quite a decade. The main plan is to mechanically management and monitor electrical and electronic home appliances
There are three main topics in here. First technologies – simply put, this part is mainly for early adopters. It’s about coding, developing toys, plugging in kettles on the web (and we and many others actually did that!).
The second part is about new ideas, prototyping and new technologies that are in the lab. It’s about research papers, and software philosophy, and about researchers worldwide. Third part is about end-users and products.
Data Acquisition and Control System for Real Time Applicationsijsrd.com
This paper proposes an Embedded Ethernet which is nothing but a processor that is capable to communicate with the network. This helps in data acquisition and status monitoring with the help of standard LAN. Currently device with processor is widely used in industrial field. The Embedded Ethernet provides web access to distributed measurement/control systems and provides optimization for instrumentation, educational laboratories and home automation. However, a large number of devices don't have the network interface and the data from them cannot be transmitted in network. A design of ARM Processor based Embedded Ethernet interface is presented. In this design, data can be transmitted transparently through Ethernet interface unit to remote end desktop computer. By typing the IP address of LAN on the ARM9 board, the user gets sensor values on the PC screen at remote station. This provides the status of the devices at remote field. The user can also control the devices interfaced to the ARM9 Board by pressing the button displayed on the GUI of the remote Desktop PC.
Monitoring and Control System for Building Application Using Modbus Remote Te...IJITCA Journal
This paper presents the design of a monitoring and control system that will be installed in buildings and
used as a building management system for monitoring dan controlling mechanical and electrical devices
embedded in the building.
The system implements the master slave RS485 multidrop configuration. The system hardware consists of
sensor, controller, and actuator. Arduino board with AT Mega series microcontroller unit (MCU) is used
as controller. MCU’s ADC will be used as sensor. MODBUS remote terminal unit is used as protocol and
implemented inside the master and slave progam inside the MCU.
At the end of this paper, the result of transmission with various baud rate setting, various cable length,
multiple message frames and are presented.
Fabric design pattern feeding through human machine interface (hmi) for an el...eSAT Journals
Abstract
This work mainly focused on improving performance of a semi-automated weaving loom by replacing conventional cylinder with
solenoid array. A human machine interface (HMI) based system is introduced to ensure design edit on loom without the help of
personal computer (PC). Solenoid arrays are controlled by a HMI and a simple microcontroller instead of PC. The technology
behinds the viewable and editable designs of human machine interface without personal computer are explained. Design patterns
are stored in either SD card or USB memory device in the format of bitmap. All hardware models are simulated and verified
forsemi-automated conventional weaving loom.
Key Words: HMI, Microcontroller, Card, Electronic Jacquard, Solenoid Array, Semi Automated Loom, Fabric Design.
As many of the industries use induction motors. So, controlling of induction motor plays a very vital role. So,
our project concentrates on controlling the speed of induction motor using Android phone remotely by the help of the
Bluetooth technology. We use Android application which uses Bluetooth to connect to the Bluetooth modem of
control circuit which is connected to the motor. Bluetooth modem is interfaced with microcontroller. The Bluetooth
slave modem receives the command from the mobile phone. The Bluetooth modem sends the signal to the
Microcontroller. The Microcontroller decodes the signal and sends to the relays. Then, respective relay operates to
change the speed of Induction motor from 0% to 100%.
We are not only controlling the speed of the Induction motor, using feedback network we can also detect the
over temperature, high voltage, low voltage, MCB tripping on account of any faults. And we are also adding an extra
application which is very important in industries. That is, monitoring of phase lines. Because these types of
uncertainties like over temperature, high voltage, low voltage etc are likely to happen in Industries. So, this project
will be very helpful in industries, house hold, shopping malls etc.
Maintaining Data Confidentiality in Association Rule Mining in Distributed En...IJSRD
The data in real world applications is distributed at multiple locations, and the owner of the databases may be different people. Thus to perform mining task, the data needs to be kept at central location which causes threat to the privacy of corporate data. Hence the key challenge is to applying mining on distributed source data with preserving privacy of corporate data. The system addresses the problem of incrementally mining frequent itemsets in dynamic environment. The assumption made here is that, after initial mining the source undergoes into small changes in each time. The privacy of data should not be threatened by an adversary i.e. the miner and target database owner should not be able to recover original data from transformed data.
Performance and Emission characteristics of a Single Cylinder Four Stroke Die...IJSRD
The current trends in CI engine are to use Water-diesel emulsion as alternative fuel. It can be employed directly to the existing CI Engine system with no additional modifications. This system helps in reduction of NOx as well as PM, which in turn improve the combustion efficiency of the engine. However there are still investigations have to be done. The current work mainly concentrated on diesel engine run on water-diesel emulsions and its effect on engine performance and emissions were studied. The various loads were applied on a constant speed diesel engine run on water-diesel emulsions of varying ratios of 0.2:1, 0.3:1. 0.4:1 and 0.5:1. Emission and performance characteristics were measured and were compared with base diesel operation. The emissions like NOx and smoke density were found to decrease greatly and brake thermal efficiency was found to increase at high loads. Smoke level was 4.2 BSU and 3 BSU for base diesel and water diesel emulsion of 0.4. The ignition delay was found to increase with water diesel emulsions. This also increased the maximum rate of pressure rise and peak pressure. The engine was found to run rough with water-diesel emulsions. The optimal water-diesel ratio was found to be 0.4:1 by weight. HC and CO emissions were found to increase with water diesel emulsions.
Preclusion of High and Low Pressure In Boiler by Using LABVIEWIJSRD
Pressure is an important physical parameter to be controlled in process boiler, heat exchanger, nuclear reactor and steam carrying pipeline. In the article the issue has been face in boiler operation due to pressure is handled. In boiler, the problem is due to maximum and minimum range of pressure. Due to the issues there is a chance to causes the hazop. To avoid such the problem the high and low pressure in boiler has to control. In the paper such the problem has sorted out by implementing ON-OFF control. Here the proposed control action for pressure control is implemented with the help of LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench) software and NI ELVIS hardware. In the idea the boiler’s low range and high is monitored and controlled valve desirably. And also the high range and low range of pressure in the boiler is signified to plant operator by alarm signal.
Prevention and Detection of Man in the Middle Attack on AODV ProtocolIJSRD
In this paper it is discuss about AODV protocol and security attacks and man in the middle attack in detail. AODV Protocol is use to find route and very important protocol for communication in wireless network. So AODV protocol should be Secured and it is a big challenge. There are various attacks that occur on it. Here in this paper it discussed about the detection and preventions of man-in-the-middle attack in detail.
Comparative Analysis of PAPR Reduction Techniques in OFDM Using Precoding Tec...IJSRD
In this modern era, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has been proved to be an explicit promising technique for wired and wireless systems because of its several advantages like high spectral efficiency, robustness against frequency selective fading, relatively simple receiver implementation etc. Besides having a number of advantages OFDM suffers from few disadvantages like high Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR), Intercarrier Interference (ICI), Intersymbol Interference (ISI) etc. These detrimental effects, if not compensated properly and timely, can result in system performance degradation. This paper mainly concentrates on reduction of PAPR.A comparisons have been made between various precoding techniques against conventional OFDM.
Evaluation the Effect of Machining Parameters on MRR of Mild SteelIJSRD
Today’s life is totally based on Internet. Now a days people cannot imagine life without Internet. Information and communication technology plays vital role in today’s online networked society. In today’s life, we are very close to the online social networks. Online social networks are used for posting and sharing information across various social networking sites. But user’s privacy is not maintained by online social networks. For maintaining users sensitive information’s privacy online social networks provides little or no support. For filtering unwanted messages we propose a system using machine learning (ML). Using machine learning in soft classifier content based filtering performed. In proposed system filtering rules (FR’s) are provided for content independent filtering.. Blacklists are used for more flexibility by which filtering choices are increased. Proposed system provides security to the Online Social Networks.
Filter unwanted messages from walls and blocking nonlegitimate user in osnIJSRD
Today’s life is totally based on Internet. Now a days people cannot imagine life without Internet. Information and communication technology plays vital role in today’s online networked society. In today’s life, we are very close to the online social networks. Online social networks are used for posting and sharing information across various social networking sites. But user’s privacy is not maintained by online social networks. For maintaining users sensitive information’s privacy online social networks provides little or no support. For filtering unwanted messages we propose a system using machine learning (ML). Using machine learning in soft classifier content based filtering performed. In proposed system filtering rules (FR’s) are provided for content independent filtering.. Blacklists are used for more flexibility by which filtering choices are increased. Proposed system provides security to the Online Social Networks.
Keystroke Dynamics Authentication with Project Management SystemIJSRD
Generally user authentication is done using username and password that is called as login process. This login process is not more secure because, however a login session is still unprotected to impersonator when the user leaves his computer without logging off. Keystroke dynamics methods can be made useful to verify a user by extracting some typing features then, after the authentication process has successfully ended. From the last decade several studies proposed the use of keystroke dynamics as a behavioral biometric tool to verify users. We propose a new method, for representing the keystroke patterns by joining similar pairs of consecutive keystrokes. The above proposed method is used to consider clustering the di-graphs which are based on their temporal features. In this project, authentication system is provide to project management system that make more Secure management system without acknowledging unauthorized user. The Project Management System addresses the management of software projects. It provides the framework for organizing and managing resources in such a way that these resources deliver all the work required to complete a software project within defined scope, time and cost constraints. The system applies only to the management of software projects and is a tool that facilitates decision making.
Diagnosing lungs cancer Using Neural NetworksIJSRD
Artificial Neural Networks is the new technology. It is the branch of Artificial Intelligence and also it is an accepted new technology. Now a days Neural Networks Plays a Vital role in Medicine, Particularly in some fields such as cardiology, oncology etc. And also it has many applications in many areas like Science and Technology, Education, Business, Business and Manufacturing, etc. Neural Networks is most useful for making the decision more Effective. In this Paper, by the use of Neural Networks how the severe disease Lungs Cancer has been diagnosed more effectively. This Paper discussed about how the Lungs cancer can be identified effectively in earlier stages and diagnosed using Neural Networks and some devices. The Neural Networks has been successfully applied in Carcinogenesis. The main aim of this research is by the use of Neural Networks the Carcinogenesis can be diagnosed more cost-effective, easy to use techniques and methods. This Paper discussed about how the Lungs cancer can be identified effectively in earlier stages and diagnosed using Neural Networks and some devices. Sputum Cytology is used to detect the Lungs Cancer in Early stages.
A Survey on Sentiment Analysis and Opinion MiningIJSRD
In Today’s world, the social media has given web users a place for expressing and sharing their thoughts and opinions on different topics or events. For this purpose, the opinion mining has gained the importance. Sentiment classification and Opinion Mining is the study of people’s opinion, emotions, attitude towards the product, services, etc. Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining are the two interchangeable terms. There are various approaches and techniques exist for Sentiment Analysis like Naïve Bayes, Decision Trees, Support Vector Machines, Random Forests, Maximum Entropy, etc. Opinion mining is a useful and beneficial way to scientific surveys, political polls, market research and business intelligence, etc. This paper presents a literature review of various techniques used for opinion mining and sentiment analysis.
A Defect Prediction Model for Software Product based on ANFISIJSRD
Artificial intelligence techniques are day by day getting involvement in all the classification and prediction based process like environmental monitoring, stock exchange conditions, biomedical diagnosis, software engineering etc. However still there are yet to be simplify the challenges of selecting training criteria for design of artificial intelligence models used for prediction of results. This work focus on the defect prediction mechanism development using software metric data of KC1.We have taken subtractive clustering approach for generation of fuzzy inference system (FIS).The FIS rules are generated at different radius of influence of input attribute vectors and the developed rules are further modified by ANFIS technique to obtain the prediction of number of defects in software project using fuzzy logic system.
Experimental Investigation of Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ond Quarry Dust a...IJSRD
In this experimental work ninety nine cubes has been prepared having dimension 70.7x70.7x70.7 mm are cast as per IS:4031 (2000). In this experimental investigation cement mortar mix 1:3 by volume were selected for 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% partially replacement of natural sand (NS) by Granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) and quarry dust (QD) [3 cubes on each parameter respectively] for W/C ratio of 0.55 respectively. All the cubes were tested under compressive testing machine. To compare the average compressive strength of natural sand (NS) with granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) and quarry dust (QD).
Product Quality Analysis based on online ReviewsIJSRD
Customers satisfaction is the most important criteria before buying any product. Technology today has grown to such an extent that every smallest possible query is found on internet. An individual can express his reviews towards a product through Internet. This allows others to have a brief idea about the product before buying one for them. In this paper, we take into account all the challenges and limitations encountered while reading the online reviews and time being consumed in understanding quality of the product from the reviews. We include several methods and algorithms that help the consumer to understand the Quality of the product in better way.
Solving Fuzzy Matrix Games Defuzzificated by Trapezoidal Parabolic Fuzzy NumbersIJSRD
The matrix game theory gives a mathematical background for dealing with competitive or antagonistic situations arise in many parts of real life. Matrix games have been extensively studied and successfully applied to many fields such as economics, business, management and e-commerce as well as advertising. This paper deals with two-person matrix games whose elements of pay-off matrix are fuzzy numbers. Then the corresponding matrix game has been converted into crisp game using defuzzification techniques. The value of the matrix game for each player is obtained by solving corresponding crisp game problems using the existing method. Finally, to illustrate the proposed methodology, a practical and realistic numerical example has been applied for different defuzzification methods and the obtained results have been compared
Study of Clustering of Data Base in Education Sector Using Data MiningIJSRD
Data mining is a technology used in different disciplines to search for significant relationships among variables in n number of data sets. Data mining is frequently used in all types’ areas as well as applications. In this paper the application of data mining is attached with the field of education. The relationship between student’s university entrance examination results and their success was studied using cluster analysis and k-means algorithm techniques.
Fault Tolerance in Big Data Processing Using Heartbeat Messages and Data Repl...IJSRD
Big data is a popular term used to define the exponential evolution and availability of data, includes both structured and unstructured data. The volatile progression of demands on big data processing imposes heavy burden on computation, communication and storage in geographically distributed data centers. Hence it is necessary to minimize the cost of big data processing, which also includes fault tolerance cost. Big Data processing involves two types of faults: node failure and data loss. Both the faults can be recovered using heartbeat messages. Here heartbeat messages acts as an acknowledgement messages between two servers. This paper depicts about the study of node failure and recovery, data replication and heartbeat messages.
Investigation of Effect of Process Parameters on Maximum Temperature during F...IJSRD
In case of friction stir welding, the maximum temperature along the weld line within appropriate range at tool workpiece interface is responsible for quality of welded joint. Through this paper, an attempt is made to establish a relationship between the input process parameters and the maximum temperature along the weld line during friction stir welding of aluminium alloy AA-7075. The design of pre-experimental simulation has been performed in accordance with full factorial technique. The simulation of friction stir welding has been performed by varying input parameters, tool rotational speed and welding speed. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to investigate the effect of input parameters on maximum temperature during friction stir welding. A correlation was established between input parameters and maximum temperature by multiple regression lines. This study indicates that the tool rotational speed is the main input parameter that has high statistical influence on maximum temperature along the weld line during friction stir welding of aluminium alloy AA-7075.
Review Paper on Computer Aided Design & Analysis of Rotor Shaft of a RotavatorIJSRD
The intent of this paper is to study the various forces and stress acting on a rotor shaft of a standard rotavator which is subjected to transient loading. The standard models of rotavator, having a progressive cutting sequence was considered for the study and analysis. The study was extended to various available models having different cutting blade arrangement. The study was carried on different papers and identifies the various forces acting on a Rotor shaft of a rotavator. The positions of the torque and forces applied are varied according to the model considered. The response was obtained by considering the angle of twist and equivalent stress on the rotor shaft. This paper presented a methodology for conducting transient analysis of rotor shaft of a rotavator,
A Survey on Data Mining Techniques for Crime Hotspots PredictionIJSRD
A crime is an act which is against the laws of a country or region. The technique which is used to find areas on a map which have high crime intensity is known as crime hotspot prediction. The technique uses the crime data which includes the area with crime rate and predict the future location with high crime intensity. The motivation of crime hotspot prediction is to raise people’s awareness regarding the dangerous location in certain time period. It can help for police resource allocation for creating a safe environment. The paper presents survey of different types of data mining techniques for crime hotspots prediction.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Control of Industrial Pneumatic & Hydraulic Systems using Serial Communication Technology & Matlab
1. IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 3, Issue 10, 2015 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 963
Control of Industrial Pneumatic & Hydraulic Systems using Serial
Communication Technology & Matlab
Priyam A. Parikh1
Naman Modi2
Rakesh Prajapati3
1,2,3
Sal College of Engineering
Abstract— it has been observed that machines have become
more intelligent, especially in manufacturing industries and
power plants. Day by day use of hydraulic & pneumatic
systems has been increasing rapidly. Some industries have
only pneumatic systems for various operations. Instead of
other rotary actuators industries are using pneumatic and
hydraulic actuators to get better accuracy and smooth
operations. Simultaneously engineers are focusing on
computer control also. To construct a pneumatic system
with a higher control features, the one and only option is
computer control. It means that engineer would be able to
control the whole system with the help of on board
computer attached with the unit. To build such a system
serial control techniques to control pneumatic & hydraulic
systems have been shown in this paper. This system has
been designed using Arduino Microcontroller (ATMEGA
168, 8 bit ATMEL), Matlab software, Arduino software,
GUI (graphical user interface) toolbox, pneumatic
components and some electromechanical switches.
Verification of the pneumatic circuit can be done using
Automsim premium software.
Key words: Serial communication, Matlab, GUI, Arduino,
electromechanical switches, Automsim Premium software
and pneumatic system setup
I. INTRODUCTION
The current high-growth nature of digital communications
demands higher speed serial communication circuits.
Present day technologies barely manage to keep up with this
demand, and new techniques are required to ensure that
serial communication can continue to expand and grow. The
goal of this work was to research, design, implement, and
test high speed serial communication with pneumatic and
hydraulic circuits. [1]
In this paper Matlab software is used for serial
communication. The purpose of this research is only to
show the serial communication technique implemented
between pneumatic/ hydraulic system and computer.
However it can also be done between a microcontroller and
the pneumatic system, but for better control computer has
been used to provide a signal (serially) to the pneumatic
setup.
Here in this paper arduino microcontroller used as
a mediator between computer and the pneumatic system. In
fact the whole program is written in Matlab. Matlab will
communicate with Arduino (Microcontroller) and
accordingly Arduino will generate a signal at its I/O ports,
which will be used to activate the solenoid valve of the
pneumatic system.
Now the question is: what is the need of Arduino
microcontroller if Matlab can generate a serial port without
any microcontroller? The answer is: Matlab can definitely
generate outputs at serial port of the computer. But there are
very less I/O pins are available at computer‟s own serial
port, so to have more I/O pins arduino microcontroller has
been attached with computer, so Matlab will communicate
with Arduino instead of communicating with local serial
port of the computer. Summary of the introduction in this
fashion: “Matlab will control the pneumatic system through
extra hardware called „Arduino‟. [2-4]
Fig. 1: communication between Matlab and Arduino [4]
II. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM
In figure 1 two devices are shown, the first one is the
computer and the second one is Arduino microcontroller (In
the blue one). As mentioned in the introduction part there is
a serial communication between arduino and Matlab. USB
to USB cable (2.0) is used for this purpose.
In figure 2 block diagram of the system is shown,
in which one can understand the flow of signal also. Having
gone through the introduction part it is very much clear that
programming code should have been written in Matlab.
Fig. 2: Block Diagram of the system [2]
Having connected to Arduino using USB to USB
cable, Matlab will give a signal to Arduino. Arduino will
2. Control of Industrial Pneumatic & Hydraulic Systems using Serial Communication Technology & Matlab
(IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 10/2015/217)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 964
generate a voltage signal at its I/O pins according to the
logic fade in Matlab. In fact Matlab will force Arduino to do
so. Then the signal generated at the I/O pins of the arduino
will travel towards the Relay unit. Relay unit will provide
the amplified signal to solenoid valve. Then solenoid valve
would get actuated and pneumatic system will start working.
[3][5]
III. ARDUINO MICROCONTROLLER
Arduino is a tool that makes the computers to sense and
control the physical world. It's an open-source physical
computing platform based on a simple microcontroller
board, and a development environment for writing software
for the board.
Arduino can be used to develop interactive objects,
taking inputs from a variety of switches or sensors, and
controlling a variety of lights, motors, and other physical
outputs. Projects of Arduino can be stand-alone, or they can
be communicating with software running on the computer
(e.g. Flash, Processing, MaxMSP) The boards can be
assembled by hand or purchased preassembled; the open-
source IDE can be downloaded for free.[2][3]
Fig. 3: Arduino Microcontroller [3]
In this research work Arduino ATMEGA168 has been
utilized. It has 14 digital I/Os and 6 Analog I/Os. It works
on +5volts DC, 10 bit analog to digital converter and 14kb
ROM. (www. ATMEL.com). Figure 6 shows the image of
an Arduino ATMEGA168 controller. [2]
The Arduino is a tool. A little computer that can
help designers interacts with the physical world. Ostensibly
though, it‟s not much more than any other similar platform;
what makes it special is how it‟s been designed and
supported. “Arduino is an open-source electronics
prototyping platform based on flexible, easy-to-use
hardware and software. It‟s intended for artists, designers,
hobbyists, and anyone interested in creating interactive
objects or environments” (Arduino, 2007). The key is its
intention – intended for artists and designers, two groups of
people whose backgrounds aren‟t necessarily technical ones
(or if they are, they aren‟t likely to be deep in embedded
computing). So, in the city where Olivetti once stood (it is
now a part of Telecom Italia), the designers of Arduino
substituted corporate ownership and support with
community and openness. This shift is what makes the
Arduino accessible, and it is what has caused its rapid
growth and popularity in the communities using it. [6][7].
IV. SERIAL COMMUNICATION
Serial means "One after another". Serial communication is
when we transfer data one bit at a time, one right after the
other. Information is passed back & forth between the
computer and Arduino by, essentially, setting a pin high or
low. Just like we turn an LED on and o_, we can also send
data. One side sets the pin and the other reads it. MATLAB
can read/send the data from/to the serial port of the
computer and process it.
Fig. 4: Serial Buffer circuit [14]
It is most important to understand the nature of
buffer to avoid errors later while writing codes. There exists
a buffer between the two events of sending and reading the
data. Say a sensor is streaming back data to your program,
more frequently than your program reads it. Then the data is
stored to a list which we call a buffer. One writes data into it
and other reads it, may be with different speeds. Buffers are
of finite length.
Initially the buffer is empty. As new data values
come in they get added to the bottom of the list (most recent
data). If your program reads a value from the buffer, it starts
at the top of the list (oldest data). Once you read a byte of
data, it is no longer in the buffer. The data in the second
position on the list moves up to the top position As soon as
the buffer is full and more data is sent, the oldest data gets
discarded to make space for new data. [11][12]
V. SERIAL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN MATLAB AND
ARDUINO
We have to connect the Arduino board to the PC. Each
serial port on the PC is labeled COM1, COM2 etc. The
Arduino will be given a COM Port Number. Figure it out by
following these steps:
1) Right click on "My Computer icon" and select Manage.
2) Select Device Manager in the tree view you will see on
the left side in the new window opened.
3) Find and select Ports (COM& LPT) in the center panel.
4) Find lists of all the ports attached to the computer.
5) Figure out the one you are concerned with. Refresh the
window. [11]
First Serial port object has to be created. Serial port object is
just a name given to that serial port so that can be used it in
later commands.
>> s = serial ('COM1');
Serial Port Object: Serial-COM1
Communication Settings
Port: COM1
Baud Rate: 9600
Terminator: 'LF'
Communication State
Status: closed
Record Status: o_
3. Control of Industrial Pneumatic & Hydraulic Systems using Serial Communication Technology & Matlab
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Read/Write State
Transfer Status: idle
Bytes Available: 0
Values Received: 0
Values Sent: 0 [11]
VI. PNEUMATIC CIRCUIT
Figure 5 shows an electropneumatic circuit diagram
developed in Automsim Studio software. In the circuit two
cylinders are there among which one is double acting and
another is a single acting spring return. Valves also used to
control them. One is double acting solenoid operated valve
(5/2) and the second is single solenoid spring return (3/2)
valve.
Fig. 5: ElectroPneumatic circuit using Automsim Premium
[9]
The circuit shown in figure 5 is used to achieve following
position step diagram. Below figure shows position step
diagram to be achieved.
Fig. 6: Position Step diagram [9]
In figure 6 position step diagram is shown. Understanding of
this diagram will be in this fashion. When cylinder 1 goes
forward (Point 0 to 1 in the figure 6) and gets its extreme
position cylinder 2 should go forward (Point 1 to 2). But
immediately should get retracted (Point 2 to 3). At the same
time cylinder 1 should get retracted (Point 3 to 0).
VII. RELAY CIRCUIT
The output generated by the Arduino to be given to relay
unit. For an example two pneumatic cylinders are required
to be controlled in figure 5. But Arduino will give signal to
the solenoid. Hence first need to control solenoids (S1, S2
and S3) and then solenoids will control the cylinders. There
are three solenoids in the figure 5. Hence three relays are
required to fulfill the requirement (Each having 1 NO & 1
NC contact). Outputs can be taken at pin number 6, 7, 8.
Figure 7 shows the relay circuit which has been developed
for the problem under consideration. [9]
Fig. 7: Relay circuit [2]
According to figure 7, if bit D0=1, transistor is
activated. Then current passes through the relay coil making
the contact becomes closed and solenoid is actuated. The
pneumatic cylinder is actuated in this way. [2]
VIII. FUTURE SCOPE
A. GUI Feature Can Be Added For More Sophistication:
Fig. 8: Matlab GUI example [13]
B. System Can Be Converted Into The Wireless System
Using Xbee:
Fig. 9: Arduino Xbee Wireless Modem [10]
4. Control of Industrial Pneumatic & Hydraulic Systems using Serial Communication Technology & Matlab
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C. All The Parameters Of The System Also Can Be
Monitored Using Some Sensors And Some Serial Displays:
Fig. 10: Arduino Serial LCD display [8]
IX. ADVANTAGES
This technology or way of serial (digital) communication
between computer and pneumatic system makes whole
system flexible. It also increases the reliability and accuracy
of the system. It is very much user friendly and easy to
operate. System‟s monitoring also can be done using these.
System is cheaper and not much complex to implement.
X. APPLICATIONS
This technology can be used in pharmaceutical industries,
power plant, manufacturing industries. It also can be used in
hydro testing, scissor lift, pneumatic pushing systems,
pneumatic conveyor, hydraulic/ pneumatic motors and in
many more.
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