1. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) that express the transcription factor Foxp3 play a key role in controlling immune responses and maintaining immunological self-tolerance. Depletion of Tregs can lead to development of autoimmune diseases and inflammatory conditions.
2. Foxp3 is required for the development and function of Tregs. Mutations that inactivate Foxp3 result in fatal autoimmune diseases in both mice and humans. Depletion of Tregs through the removal of CD25+ cells or neutralization of IL-2 can also induce autoimmunity in normal animals.
3. Tregs constitutively express high levels of CD25 (the IL-2 receptor alpha chain) and depend on IL
The study in immunology provides the fundamental understanding of how the human body defend itself against foreign organisms, materials or particles that have the ability to cause harm to host tissues.
T-Cell Activation
• Concept of immune response
• T cell-mediated immune response
• B cell-mediated immune response
I. Concept of immune response
• A collective and coordinated response to the introduction of foreign substances in an individual mediated by the cells and molecules in the immune system.
II. T cell-mediated immune response
• Cell-mediated immunity is the arm of the adaptive immune response whose role is to combat infection of intracellular pathogens, such as intracellular bacteria (mycobacteria, listeria monocytogens), viruses, protozoa, etc.
This presentation gives you the detailed description of various cells & organs of immune systems that participates (particularly, in combination), make communication between themselves to regulate the whole immune system very precisely.
This Power Point provides quality information about the cells and organs of the human immune system and how these cell and organs work and coordinate with other organ-system in the body.
The study in immunology provides the fundamental understanding of how the human body defend itself against foreign organisms, materials or particles that have the ability to cause harm to host tissues.
T-Cell Activation
• Concept of immune response
• T cell-mediated immune response
• B cell-mediated immune response
I. Concept of immune response
• A collective and coordinated response to the introduction of foreign substances in an individual mediated by the cells and molecules in the immune system.
II. T cell-mediated immune response
• Cell-mediated immunity is the arm of the adaptive immune response whose role is to combat infection of intracellular pathogens, such as intracellular bacteria (mycobacteria, listeria monocytogens), viruses, protozoa, etc.
This presentation gives you the detailed description of various cells & organs of immune systems that participates (particularly, in combination), make communication between themselves to regulate the whole immune system very precisely.
This Power Point provides quality information about the cells and organs of the human immune system and how these cell and organs work and coordinate with other organ-system in the body.
T helper 17 cells (Th17) are a subset of T helper cells producing interleukin 17 (IL-17). They are developmentally distinct from Th1 and Th2 cells.
They create inflammation and tissue injury in autoimmune disease
Description about the maternal transfer of immunity in teleost fishes. The presentation tried to cover immune elements which are transferring, way of transfer, immunity provided and famous findings and researches established in the maternal immunity in fishes
Biology 106 Journal 3 ( Mader 13) Lvmphatic System and.docxhartrobert670
Biology 106
Journal 3 ( Mader 13)
Lvmphatic System and Immunity Chapter
Read Chapter 7 and Infectious Diseases Supplement (enclosed) or use ebook in Connect Plus
DO: chapter questions page 151
Questions 1-10-16
17. What is Lupus? How did Abigail get the disease? Should she worry? Why is it called an
autoimmune disease?
18. What are some common autoimmune diseases? What reaction in the body causes
autoimmune diseases? Can they be treated?
Be able to answer the multiple choice questions 16-36. Check your answers!!
Read: The Vaccine Controversy. Truth or Consequences
And answer the following questions:
1. What is a vaccine?
2. What is Hib meningitis? When did a vaccine to prevent this disease become available?
3. In 1796, Edward Jenner developed a vaccine against what disease? How?
4. In 1998, a backlash against childhood immunizations began, why? Did scientists find
any validity against the claims? How were they disproven?
5. What are some myths and misconceptions about vaccines and what is the truth?
6. What is herd immunity? Why is it important to vaccinate as many members of a
community as possible?
7. How many cases of measles occurred in France 2-3 years ago? This year? Why?
8. What is pertussis, and what are its symptoms? Why are we getting new outbreaks in a
disease that was once under control?
9. What are some vaccinations that you had?
10. Should unvaccinated children be permitted in public schools?
~IDS Discussion
A. Handouts
B. Infectious disease Supplement
C. web sites These may help you - you may use any reputable website.
http://www. aidsinfo. nih. gov/
www.amfar.org/
Read and bring in any new information that you find and wish to share. Information on
AIDS is constantly being updated.
1. What is a virus? What is a host
2. What does the acronym AIDS represent. How about HIV virus?
3. What are retroviruses? What are some other retroviruses?
4. How is AIDS transmitted? What 3 enzymes do they contain that allow replication to occur
5. What is an opportunistic infection? What opportunistic infections or diseases might a person
with AIDS get?
6. Why is AIDS considered such a global health issue?
7. What are the special problems of AIDS in poor and developing countries?
8. What treatments are currently available. What is the problem with the available treatments
(side effects)?
9. What is the status of an AIDS vaccine?
10. Do we still need to worry about AIDS and can we stop being cautious?
Using the Supplement
Answer
1. What are the effects of tuberculosis? Do we need to worry about it anymore?
2. What is the cause of malaria? What is the best way to prevent it? Can people in the US
get malaria?
3. Where do emerging diseases come from?
4. What causes SARS?
5. What causes MRSA? What are the symptoms ofMRSA? How can we reduce the
incidence ofMRSA?
• Activated T cells undergo clonal expansion until the illness has
been stemmed. Then, most of the activated T ...
Dr. Santos Manes - Simposio Internacional 'Terapias oncológicas avanzadas'Fundación Ramón Areces
Los días 15 y 16 de octubre de 2014, la Fundación Ramón Areces y la Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia, en colaboración con la Fundación de la Innovación Bankinter, reunieron en Madrid a algunos de los mayores expertos mundiales en nuevas terapias contra el cáncer. El Simposio Internacional, coordinado por la profesora y académica María José Alonso, analizó el momento actual de la lucha contra esta enfermedad. También fue un punto de encuentro para científicos de los más innovadores institutos de investigación en oncología, quienes debatieron sobre tres grandes temas: la Medicina Personalizada contra el cáncer, los nanomedicamentos en la terapia del cáncer y las terapias basadas en la inmunomodulación.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
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Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
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Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.