Conduct disorder (CD) is a psychological disorder, sometimes also referred to as a behavioural disorder. This disorder is often diagnosed during childhood or adolescence.
Disruptive behavioral disorder & Anxiety disorder in childDr Slayer
-Is characterized by enduring pattern of NEGATIVISTIC, DISOBEDIENT and HOSTILE behavior toward authority figures as well as inability to take responsibility for mistakes, leading to placing blame on others.
-AGGRESSIONS and VIOLATIONS of the rights of the others
Violations include cruelty to people and animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness or theft and serious violation of rules
-Increased and INAPPROPRIATE ANXIETY around separation from attachment figures or home, which is developmentally abnormal and results in impaired normal functioning
Conduct disorder (CD) is a psychological disorder, sometimes also referred to as a behavioural disorder. This disorder is often diagnosed during childhood or adolescence.
Disruptive behavioral disorder & Anxiety disorder in childDr Slayer
-Is characterized by enduring pattern of NEGATIVISTIC, DISOBEDIENT and HOSTILE behavior toward authority figures as well as inability to take responsibility for mistakes, leading to placing blame on others.
-AGGRESSIONS and VIOLATIONS of the rights of the others
Violations include cruelty to people and animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness or theft and serious violation of rules
-Increased and INAPPROPRIATE ANXIETY around separation from attachment figures or home, which is developmentally abnormal and results in impaired normal functioning
Personality disorders are a class of mental disorders characterized by enduring maldaptive patterns of behavior, cognition, and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts and deviating markedly from those accepted by the individual's culture.
SCHENIDER FIRST RANK SYMPTOMS
BY DR.WASIM
UNDER GUIDANCE OF
DR.SANJAY.JAIN.
EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF FRS
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITION
Schneider formulated what he considered to be pathognomic of first rank symptoms of schizophrenia (Schneider, 1959).
THANK YOU
emotional problems in youngsters.
•Conduct disorder usually happens between the ages of 6 and 15.
•factors contributing to development of conduct disorder
•brain damage
•child abuse or neglect
•genetic vulnerability
• school failure
• traumatic life experiences.
Loading…
Changes from DSM-IV to DSM-V
•The chapter on “Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders” is new to DSM-5.
•It brings together disorders that were previously included in the chapter “Disorders Usually First Diagnosed in Infancy, Childhood, or Adolescence”.
Personality disorders are a class of mental disorders characterized by enduring maldaptive patterns of behavior, cognition, and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts and deviating markedly from those accepted by the individual's culture.
SCHENIDER FIRST RANK SYMPTOMS
BY DR.WASIM
UNDER GUIDANCE OF
DR.SANJAY.JAIN.
EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF FRS
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITION
Schneider formulated what he considered to be pathognomic of first rank symptoms of schizophrenia (Schneider, 1959).
THANK YOU
emotional problems in youngsters.
•Conduct disorder usually happens between the ages of 6 and 15.
•factors contributing to development of conduct disorder
•brain damage
•child abuse or neglect
•genetic vulnerability
• school failure
• traumatic life experiences.
Loading…
Changes from DSM-IV to DSM-V
•The chapter on “Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders” is new to DSM-5.
•It brings together disorders that were previously included in the chapter “Disorders Usually First Diagnosed in Infancy, Childhood, or Adolescence”.
Now a days so many peoples suffering with mental disorders having a lot of work stress in working different fields. We are offering the treatment for various diseases belongs to mental conditions.
Conduct disorder is an ongoing pattern of behaviour marked by emotional and behavioural problems.
Ways in which Children with conduct disorder behave are
Angry,
Aggressive,
Argumentative, and
Disruptive ways.
It is a diagnosable mental health condition that is characterized by patterns of violating
Societal norms and
Rights of others
It's estimated that around 3% of school-aged children have conduct disorder and require professional treatment .
It is more common in boys than in girls.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
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Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
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The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
3. Introduction
• The essential features of Conduct Disorder
(CD) involve "a repetitive and persistent pattern
of behavior in which the basic rights of others or
major age-appropriate societal norms or rules
are violated“, resulting in a clinically significant
impairment in functioning.
• This includes
▫ Aggressive behaviors,
▫ Behaviors that result in property loss or
damage,
▫ Deceitfulness or theft,
▫ Other serious rule violations (e.g., running
away from home, truancy).
5. Conduct-dissocial disorder
1. Aggression towards people or animals; destruction of
property; deceitfulness or theft; and serious violations
of rules.
2. The behaviour pattern is of sufficient severity to result
in significant impairment in personal, family, social,
educational, occupational or other important areas of
functioning.
3. To be diagnosed, the behaviour pattern must be
enduring over a significant period of time (e.g., 12
months or more).
4. Isolated dissocial or criminal acts are thus not in
themselves grounds for the diagnosis.
6. Conduct-dissocial disorder
• Conduct-dissocial disorder, childhood onset :-
Features of the disorder must be present during
childhood prior to adolescence (e.g., before 10
years of age) and the behaviour pattern must be
enduring over a significant period of time (e.g.,
12 months or more).
7. Conduct-dissocial disorder
• Conduct-dissocial disorder, adolescent onset:-
No features of the disorder are present during
childhood prior to adolescence (e.g., before 10
years of age). To be diagnosed, the behaviour
pattern must be enduring over a significant
period of time (e.g., 12 months or more).
8. Prevalence
• Most often diagnosed in boys but may be as
prevalent in girls
▫ Boys
4 to 16%
▫ Girls
1.2 to 9%
• Prevalence higher in lower socioeconomic
groups.
10. Differential diagnosis:
• ADHD:- Hyperactivity, inattention, impulsivity
ADHD do not show any of the specific
…………..behaviors with CD
• Mood Disorder:- Depression can occur with
………………………..irritability.
• Oppositional Defiant disorder(ODD) behaviors do not
meet criteria for CD (especially extreme physical
aggressiveness) but child displays pattern of defiant
behavior
▫ Argumentative, loses temper, lack of compliance, deliberately
aggravates others, hostile, vindictive, spiteful, or touchy,
blames others for own problems
11. Etiology
• Genetic factors
▫ 50%. Positive family history
• Parental factors
▫ Harsh and inconsistent parenting
▫ Lack of parental monitoring
▫ Substance abuse in parents
▫ Modeling and reinforcement of aggressive behavior
12. Etiology
• Psychological factors
▫ Deficient moral development, especially lack of
remorse
▫ Poor emotion regulation.
• Socio-cultural factors
▫ Poverty
▫ High crime neighborhood
▫ High unemployment
• Child Abuse and Maltreatment.
13. Prognosis
• In general, the literature suggests that
▫ Children who develop conduct disordered behavior
later in childhood have a somewhat better prognosis.
▫ The severity and variety of early antisocial behavior is
a powerful predictor of serious antisocial behavior in
adulthood.
▫ The prognosis may be worse for those who also have
co-morbid disorders.
14. Prognosis
• Robins, et al. (1991) found that 71% of children
who displayed severe conduct disorder (eight or
more symptoms) at age 6 showed evidence of
antisocial personality disorder in adulthood.
• 53 % of children whose symptoms began
between the ages of 6 and 12 displayed
antisocial personality disorder in adulthood.
• 48 % of those who developed symptoms after
age 12 showed evidence of this disorder as
adults.
15. What is Antisocial Personality Disorder?
• “Pervasive pattern of disregard for, and violation
of, the rights of others that begins in childhood
or early adolescence and continues into
adulthood.”
• For diagnosis, must have a history of some
Conduct Disorder symptoms before age 15.
• Not actually diagnosed prior to age 18.
16. Management
• Psychosocial Interventions:-
• 1st line of treatment.
• Fast track preventive intervention:- 10yr
preventive program
• Problem solving skills training:- 12 weeks
program.
• Multisystemic therapy:-
17. Psychopharmacological Interventions
• Anti-Psychotics:
▫ Haloperidol, Risperidone, Quetiapine,
Olanzapine, Aripiprazole for aggressive behaviour.
• SSRI’s:
▫ Fluoxetine, sertraline etc for impulsivity,
irritability and mood lability.
• Co-existing condition must be addressed.