1) The document discusses different types of conditional sentences. It explains the structure and typical verb forms used for type 1 (possible/likely conditions), type 2 (unreal conditions), and type 3 (impossible conditions) conditional sentences. 2) Examples are provided for each type of conditional to illustrate their typical structures and uses for expressing different conditional meanings. 3) The document also briefly discusses mixed conditionals and other conditional connectors like "unless", "in case", and "provided/providing".

1. CONDITIONALS
Conditional Sentences Type 0
→ Used for scientific / general truth.
→ Form: if + Simple Present, + Simple Present
(if + Past Simple, + Past Simple)
→ Examples:
- If you heat butter, it melts.
- If I have time, I study English.
- Years ago if people travelled a long distance,
the journey took days.
“If” may be replaced by “when”.

2. The structure of a
first conditional sentence
A first conditional sentence consists of two clauses, an "if" clause and a main clause:
if clause main clause
If you study hard, you will pass the test.
If the "if" clause comes first, a comma is usually used. If the "if" clause comes second,
there is no need for a comma:
main clause if clause
You will pass the test if you study hard.

3. The structure and use of a
first conditional sentence
We use different verb forms in each part of a first conditional:
The first conditional is used to talk about things which are possible in the present or the
future -- things which may happen:
if clause if + subject + simple present verb
main clause subject + will + verb
Example Explanation
If it's sunny, we'll go to the park. Maybe it will be sunny -- that's possible.
Paula will be sad if Juan leaves. Maybe Juan will leave -- that's possible.
If you cook the supper, I'll wash the
dishes.
Maybe you will cook the supper -- that's
possible.
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4. CONDITIONALS
Conditional Sentences Type 1
→ It is possible and also very likely that the condition
will be fulfilled.
→ Form: if + Simple Present, will (Future)
can/must/may
(if + Present Perfect, ) imperatives
→ Examples:
- If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.
- If you have studied for this exam, you will pass it.
- If it is hot today, we may go swimming.
- If you see her, don’t tell her I was here.
- If you go to the supermarket, you can buy some
bread
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5. CONDITIONALS
Conditional Sentences Type 2
→ There is an unreal possibility that the condition will
happen.
→ Form: if + Past Simple, would (Conditional)
could/might
→ Examples:
- If you did your homework more often, your teacher
wouldn´t get angry with you.
- If they left early, they might get to the theatre on time.
- If I were you, I wouldn´t buy that expensive coat.
- If I went to the supermarket I could get some bread.

6. Second conditional: unreal situations
• Look at the following sentences. In the
second sentence, what verb tense is
used in each part?
• The mountain-biker says: Be prepared for
some hard work. If the training was easy,
it wouldn't make you faster.
• We use the second conditional when we
think something is unreal or unlikely. Does
he think the training will ever be easy?

7. Match the sentence halves.
1 If I did more sport,
2 I'd be really happy if
3 If I could sing,
4 My parents would be
really angry if
5 If I studied harder,
6 If I had a lot of money,
7 If I could drive,
A I had a party without
telling them .
B I'd get much fitter.
C I'd go to South America.
D my father bought me a
motorbike.
E I'd be in a band.
F I'd go to the coast more
often.
G I'd speak better English.

8. CONDITIONALS
Conditional Sentences Type 3
→ The important thing about the third conditional is that
both the condition and result are impossible now.
→ Form: if + Past Perfect, would have + P.P.
could/might/should
have + P.P.
→ Examples:
- We would have come yesterday if we had known about
it.
- If I had waited longer last night, I might have found out
about it.
- If I had gone to the supermarket I could have bought
some bread.

9. CONDITIONALS
Other Conditionals
→ unless (if … not), in case, provided/providing
(that), as/so long as.
→ Examples:
- I´ll go swimming tomorrow unless it rains.
- You can play with your friends in your room
provided that you tidy up afterwards.
- I´ll help you as long as you come with me to the
cinema.
- I´ll take my umbrella with me in case it rains.

10. CONDITIONALS
Mixed Conditionals
→ If-clauses can be mixed provided that they make sense
within a context.
→ Examples:
- If they were studying all morning, they will be tired
now.
(they were studying so they are tired now.)
- If I were faster, I would have won the race.
(I´m not fast so I didn´t win the race.)
- If she had saved her money, she would go on holiday
(she didn´t save her money so she won´t go on holiday.)