Condenser - basic physics in electrotherapy , seminar by student, condenser, capacitor Definition, Principle of the capacitor, Types of capacitor , Constructions of the capacitor, Working system of capacitor, Charging of a Capacitor, Discharging of capacitor, Resistance, Advantage of capacitor, Disadvantages of capacitor, Application and Uses of capacitor.

1. PRESENTED BY,
SABARISH HARIHARAN
BPT-11nd YEAR

2. REALLY ,
WHAT IS CONDENSER ?
Condenser is nothing ,
We already studied about it
Condenser is just a another name of
…………………………

3. WHOWILL USE MY INVENTION
• Who benefits from this invention?Why?

4. CAPACITOR
A device used to store an electric
charge,
consisting of one or more pairs of
conductors separated by an insulator

5. Capacitor consist of two metal plates separated by a non-conducting
substance, or dielectric.When DC voltage is applied across capacitor then +ve charge
will get accumulated at one plate and –ve charge at another plate. +ve and –ve Charges
are of equal amount.
CAPACITOR

6. WHOWILL USE MY INVENTION
• Who benefits from this invention?Why?

7. PRINCIPLE OF THE CAPACITOR

8. PRINCIPLE OF THE CAPACITOR

9. MY INVENTION IN USE!
Talk about how people reacted to your invention
• Did it solve the problem/need you identified?
• Did it work as planned? Did it help whom it needed to help?
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with a description entered here>
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need to!
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need to!
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10. TYPES OF CAPACITOR
Different capacitor types are used based on voltage
requirement, capacitance, and other properties.A capacitor
is formerly termed as a condenser. Every capacitor consists
of plates or two electrical conductors and is separated by a
dielectric.They are employed in electrical circuits found in
various electronic devices

11. TYPES OF CAPCITOR
The capacitors can be
classified into two types:
Polarized
Unpolarized

12. POLARIZED CAPACITOR

13. UNPOLARIZED CAPACITORS
Unpolarized capacitors are preferred
over polarized capacitors because it
doesn’t get destroyed by reverse
voltage and can be used in pure AC
circuits.They also find applications in
DC circuits as they don’t have positive
and negative ends.The frequency of the
unpolarized capacitor is high and the
leakage current is low.

14. Capacitors are mainly divided into two
mechanical groups:
• Fixed capacitors
• Variable capacitors

15. Various
capacitor types
Ceramic
capacitors
Film capacitors
Power film
capacitors
Electrolytic
capacitors

24. CONSTRUCTION OF CAPACITORS
The basic
construction of
all capacitors is
similar.
The construction
of capacitor is
very simple.
A capacitor is
made of two
electrically
conductive plates
placed close to
each other, but
they do not
touch each other.
These conductive
plates are
normally made of
materials such as
aluminum, brass,
or copper.

25. CONSTRUCTION OF CAPACITORS
The conductive
plates of a
capacitor is
separated by a
small distance.
The empty space
between these plates
is filled with a non-
conductive material
or electric insulator
or dielectric region.
The non-
conductive
material or region
between the two
plates may be an
air, vacuum, glass,
liquid, or solid.This
non-conductive
material is called
dielectric

27. CONSTRUCTION OF CAPACITORS
The two conductive
plates of the
capacitor are good
conductors of
electricity.
Therefore, they can
easily pass the
electric current
through them.
The conductive
plates of the
capacitor also hold
the electric charge.
In capacitors, these
plates are mainly
used to hold or
store the electric
charge.

28. CONSTRUCTION OF CAPACITORS
A dielectric material or medium is the poor conductor of electricity.
They cannot pass electric current through them. In capacitors, the dielectric
medium or material block the flow of charge carriers (especially electrons) between
the conductive plates.
As a result, the electric charges that try to move from one plate to another plate
will be trapped within the plate because of the strong resistance from the dielectric.

29. CONSTRUCTION OF CAPACITOR
Dielectric material does not
allow the flow of charge carriers,
but they allow the electric force,
electric charge, or electric field
produced by the charged
particles (electrons).
As a result, when charge is build
up on the two plates, a strong
electric field is generated
between the two plates

30. HOW CAPACITORWORKS?
Capacitor with
no voltage
source
• When no voltage is applied to the capacitor, the total
number of electrons and protons in the left plate of
the capacitor are equal.
• We know that any object, which has equal number of
electrons and protons is said to be electrically
neutral.

31. HOW CAPACITORWORKS?
❑ Hence, the total charge of the left plate cancels
out and becomes electrically neutral. Therefore,
the left plate of the capacitor is said to be
electrical neutral.

32. On the other hand, the right plate also has equal number of
electrons and protons.
Therefore, the total charge of the right plate cancels out and
becomes electrically neutral
No electric charge means no electric field.Therefore, the
capacitor does not store charge when no voltage is applied

33. CAPACITOR CIRCUIT SYMBOL
The circuit symbol of a basic capacitor is
shown in the below figure.The capacitor
symbol is represented by drawing two
parallel lines close to each other, but not
touching. It consists of two terminals.These
terminals are used to connect in the circuit.

38. RESISTANCE
Resistance is a measure of the opposition to current flow in an electrical
circuit.
Resistance is measured in ohms, symbolized by the Greek letter omega
(Ω). Ohms are named after Georg Simon Ohm (1784-1854), a German
physicist who studied the relationship between voltage, current and
resistance. He is credited for formulating Ohm's Law.