This document provides information on hematite (Gairika in Sanskrit), including its chemical name, formula, varieties, geographical distribution, properties, pharmaceutical properties, types, manufacturing, purification process, dosage, and important formulations where it is used. Key points are: - Hematite is the mineral form of iron oxide Fe2O3 and is a major ore of iron. - It has various varieties and is found globally in deposits and soils formed from weathering processes. - Purification involves frying the powder with ghee or milk to remove impurities. - Dosage is 2-4 ratti (250-500 mg) and it is used in formulations like Pusyanuga

1. गैरिक  Sanskrit Name : Gaireya , Girimrutika,
Girimrudbhava
 English Name:Haematite
 chemical Name: Iron Oxide
 Chemical formula:Fe2O3
 Vernacula Name:Red Ochre, Geru
 latin Name: Red Ochre

2. Introduction
 Gairika is the second mineral drug of uparasa group. It
is identified as mineral ‘Haematite’ or ‘Ochre’.
Haematite is the mineral form of iron oxide (Fe,O,), one
of several iron oxides. It is colored black to steel or
silver-grey, brown to reddish brown, or red. It is mined
as the main ore of iron.
 Varieties include ‘kidney ore’, ‘martite (pseudomorphs
after magnetite), ‘iron rose’ and ‘specularite’ (specular
hematite). While the forms of hematite vary, they all
have a rust-red streak. Hematite is harder than pure
iron, but much more brittle.

3. SYNONYMS
 Raktadhatu – red in color, Lohadhatu – iron red in
color, Gaireya, Girimruttika, Girika, Gairika,
Girimrudbhava

4. Geographical
Distribution
 Huge deposits of hematite are found in banded iron
formations. Grey hematite is typically found in places
where there has been standing water or mineral hot
springs, such as those in ‘Yellowstone National Park’ in
the United States. The mineral can precipitate out of
water and collect in layers at the bottom of a lake,
spring, or other standing water. Hematite can also
occur without water, however, usually as a result of
volcanic activity.


5.  Clay-sized hematite crystals can also occur as a
secondary mineral formed by weathering processes in
soil, and along with other iron oxides or oxyhy-
droxides such as goethite, is responsible for the red
color of many tropical, ancient or otherwise highly
weathered soils.

6. Properties
सुवर्णगैरिक
ं स्निग्धं मधुिं स्निस्नििं पिम् । तुविं तापहिर्ं स्नहक्कावस्नमस्निवािर्म्
॥ िक्तस्नपत्तप्रिमिं तथासृग्दििाििम् । स्नवषापहं तथा बल्यं मतं
लोचियोस्नहणतम् || उददणकण्डुिमिं तथैव व्रर्िोपर्म् । ज्विघ्नं च स्नविेषेर्
वस्निदाहस्निबहणर्म् ।।
(R. T.
22/116-118)
 Suddha ‘swarna gairika’ possesses ‘snigdha’ and ‘sita’
guna; ‘madhura’ and ‘kaṣaya rasa. Its use reduces the
influence of high atmospheric temperature. It is indicated
in ‘hikka’ (hiccup), vamana (chardi), raktapitta and rakta-
pradara.
 It nullifies the influence of poisons within the body. It
improves the physical strength and is useful in all eye
diseases. It is used as a topical medicine in ‘udarda’ and
‘kandu’. It is good at healing the wounds when used for
external application in suitable dosage form (malahara).
As topical medicine, it is use- ful in ‘pittaja jwara’ and in
‘burn wounds’.

7. CHEMICAL&
PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES

9. PHARMACEUTICAL
PROPERTIES

10. VARIOUSTYPES
In Crystal Form Unpolished Raw
Pigment

11. MANUFACTURING

12. GAIRIKA
GRAHYATWA
 स्वर्णगैरिक
ं स्निग्धं मसृर्ं त्वस्नतकोमलम् । पाषार्गैरिक
ं रूक्षं कस्नििं
िास्नतलोस्नहतम् ।।पाषार्गैरिकात् श्रेष्ठं कस्नथतं स्वर्णगैरिकम् । अतः सवणत्र
मस्नतमाि् योजयेत्स्वर्णगैरिकम् ॥ (R. T. 22/112-113)
 It nullifies the strength and udarda’ and application I
ful in ‘pittaj Gairika- do fay outd
 Out of the above said two types of ‘gairika’, ‘swarna
gairika’ will be snigdha, masṛna and very soft. Whereas
the ‘paṣāna gairika’ will be rükṣya (rough), kathina
(hard) and will have pale red colour.
 Two ratti swarna ga sideration In comparison with
paṣana gairika’. ‘swarna gairika’ is considered ‘srestha’.
Therefore, for all pharmaceutical as well as therapeutic
purposes, it is always better to use ‘swarna gairika’.

13. SODHANA
OF
GAIRIKA
 गैरिक तु गवां दुग्धैभस्नवतं िुस्नदच्छस्नत ।
. (RRS 3|49)
 Required quantity of swarna gairika is in a clean halva
yantra and fine powder form. Taken triturated obtain
in oral iron
 The general dosage of be finalized after the flect the
dosage 4 Jatyadi taila S. Gainikádya
 This powder is subjected to one bhavna with cow’s milk
and dry powder stored Suddha use gairika for further
pharmaceutical
Method No.1

14. GAIRIKA
SHODHAN

15. गैरिक
ं स्नकस्निदाज्येि धृष्टं िुद्धं प्रजायते । गव्याज्येि तु संभृष्ठं यत्नतो मन्दवस्नििा
।|
सुवर्णगैरिक
ं िीघ्रं िुद्धद्धमाप्नोत्यसंियम् ।।(R. T. 22/115)
The fine powder of ‘swarna gairika’ is taken in a clean
‘kadhahi’ (iron vessel ) placed over mild fire. It is added with
needed quantity of ‘ghee’ and fried properly. The dry powder
obtained at the end is stored as ‘suddha gairika’ for further
pharmaceutical use.
Method No.2

16. DOSAGE
 स्निगुञ्जतः समािभ्य चतुगुणञ्जस्नमतं पिम् । सुवर्णगैरिक
ं िुद्धं युञ्जीत स्नभषजां विः
॥ (R. T. 22/119)
 Two ratti (250 mgs) to four ratti (500 mgs) is the general
dosage of ‘Suddha swarna gairika’. However, the dosage has
to be finalized after thorough con- sideration of all the
relevant factors that affect the dosage.

17. IMPORTANT
YOGA
 1.Pusyänuga cürṇa
 2. Pradarántaka louha
 3 trimedadi taila
 4. Jatyadi taila
 5. Gairikädya malahara

18. IMPORTANT
ARTICLES

19. THANKYOU