Network topology is the arrangement of the elements of a communication network. Network topology can be used to define or describe the arrangement of various types of telecommunication networks, including command and control radio networks, industrial fieldbusses and computer networks. Network topology is the digital blueprint of connectivity, sculpting the pathways of communication in a myriad of configurations. It dictates how devices are interconnected, shaping the flow of data in networks large and small. From the intricate mesh of the internet to the simplicity of a star network, each arrangement offers its own blend of efficiency, resilience, and scalability. Join me as we delve into the fascinating world of network topology, where the structure of connections paints a picture of digital interconnectedness.

1. Dhaka International University
Department Of Sociology
Course Name: Fundamentals of Computer
Batch: 46th Semester: 1st
Computer Network Topology
Submitted to
Suman Ahmed Shikan
Lecturer
Department of CSE
Dhaka International University
Date: 23/04/2024
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2. Team: Societal Explorers
Introducing Team Member
Shrabon Chakma
Roll: 01
Jini Ya Rahaman
Roll: 18
Nayeemur Rahman
Roll: 32
Tanvir Mahtab Showiket
Roll: 17
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3. Presentation Outline
Introduction
 Type of Topology
 Bus Topology
Ring Topology
Star Topology
 Mesh Topology
Tree Topology
Hybrid Topology
Discussion
Reference
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4. Introduction
Network topology is the digital blueprint of
connectivity, sculpting the pathways of
communication in a myriad of
configurations. It dictates how devices are
interconnected, shaping the flow of data in
networks large and small. From the intricate
mesh of the internet to the simplicity of a
star network, each arrangement offers its
own blend of efficiency, resilience, and
scalability. Join me as we delve into the
fascinating world of network topology,
where the structure of connections paints a
picture of digital interconnectedness.
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5.  Bus Topology: Devices are
connected in a linear fashion along
a single backbone cable.
 Star Topology: All devices are
connected directly to a central hub
or switch.
 Ring Topology: Devices are
connected in a closed loop, with
each device connected to two
others.
 Mesh Topology: Every device is
connected to every other device,
creating multiple redundant paths.
 Tree Topology: Hierarchical
structure where devices are
organized in a tree-like fashion,
with branches connected to a main
trunk.
 Hybrid Topology: Combination of
two or more different types of
topologies.
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6. Bus Topology
Bus topology is a network
configuration where all devices are
connected to a single communication
line, known as the "bus."
Bus Topology
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7. Here are Bus topology key features
and advantages/disadvantages:
Advantages:
• Easy to Install: Requires minimal cabling, making installation straightforward and cost-effective.
• Easy to Expand: Additional devices can be added to the network without significant disruption.
• Easy to Troubleshoot: Fault isolation is simple, as issues with one device typically do not affect
others.
• Cost-Effective: Requires less cabling and infrastructure compared to other topologies.
Disadvantages:
• Limited Scalability: Adding more devices to a bus network can lead to signal degradation and
network performance issues.
• Single Point of Failure: If the main bus cable fails, the entire network can become inoperable.
• Limited Performance: Performance may degrade as more devices are added due to increased
collisions on the shared medium.
• Difficult to Identify Faults: Locating faults or breaks in the bus cable can be challenging,
especially in large networks.
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8. Ring Topology
Ring topology is a
network configuration
where each device is
connected to exactly two
other devices, forming a
closed loop. Data travels
in a unidirectional
manner around the ring,
passing through each
device until it reaches its
destination.
Ring Topology
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9. • Advantages of ring topology include:
• Equal Access: Each device has equal access to the network.
• Efficient Data Transmission: With controlled access mechanisms
like token passing, data transmission is efficient.
• Fault Tolerance: The closed loop structure provides inherent
fault tolerance as data can still flow in the opposite direction if
one section is disrupted.
• Disadvantages include:
• Limited Scalability: Adding or removing devices can disrupt the
entire network.
• Complex Management: Requires careful management, and
failure of one device can affect the entire network.
• Single Point of Failure: If the ring is broken or a device fails, the
entire network can become inoperable.
Here are Ring topology key features
and advantages/disadvantages:
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10. Star Topology
Star topology is a
network configuration
where all devices are
connected to a central
hub or switch. Each
device has a dedicated
connection to the central
hub, forming a star-like
structure.
Star Topology
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11. • Advantages of star topology include:
• Centralized Management: Easier management and troubleshooting as each device
connects directly to the central hub.
• Scalability: Easy to add or remove devices without disrupting the entire network.
• Fault Isolation: If one device fails, it does not affect the rest of the network.
• Disadvantages include:
• Dependency on Central Hub: If the central hub fails, the entire network can become
inoperable.
• Cost: Requires more cabling compared to other topologies due to each device having
its own connection to the central hub.
• Limited Performance: Network performance can be affected if the central hub
becomes overloaded with traffic.
Here are Star topology key features
and advantages/disadvantages:
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12. Mesh Topology
Mesh topology is a network
configuration where every
device is connected to every
other device, forming a fully
interconnected network.
There are two types: full
mesh and partial mesh. In a
full mesh, every device is
connected to every other
device, while in a partial
mesh, only some devices
have direct connections to
each other.
Mesh Topology
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13. • Advantages of mesh topology include:
• Fault Tolerance: Multiple paths for data transmission
make the network highly resilient to failures. If one link
or node fails, data can still be rerouted through
alternative paths.
• High Reliability: Redundant connections ensure
reliable data transmission and minimize the risk of
network downtime.
• Scalability: Can easily accommodate new devices
without affecting network performance.
• Disadvantages include:
• Complexity: Requires a significant amount of cabling
and configuration, especially in full mesh
configurations, making installation and maintenance
complex.
• Cost: The high number of connections increases
equipment and installation costs.
• Network Overhead: Managing multiple connections
Here are Mesh topology key
features
and advantages/disadvantages:
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14. Tree Topology
Tree topology is a
network configuration
that combines
characteristics of both bus
and star topologies. It
resembles a hierarchical
tree structure, where
multiple star topologies
are connected to a central
bus backbone.
Tree Topology
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15. Here are Tree Topology key
features and advantages/disadvantages:
• Advantages of Tree topology include:
• Scalability: Allows for the addition of more devices and subnetworks, making
it suitable for large networks.
• Centralized Management: Offers centralized control and management due
to the hierarchical structure.
• Flexibility: Supports various types of connections and allows for the creation
of subnetworks.
• Disadvantages include:
• Single Point of Failure: If the central bus backbone fails, the entire network
can become inoperable.
• Complexity: Requires careful planning and management, especially as the
network grows.
• Cost: The need for multiple devices and cabling can increase installation and
maintenance costs compared to simpler topologies like bus or star.
•
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16. Hybrid Topology
Hybrid topology is a
network configuration that
combines two or more
different types of network
topologies into a single
network. It's created by
interconnecting different
basic topologies, such as
star, bus, ring, or mesh, to
form a more complex
network structure.
Hybrid Topology
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17. Advantages of hybrid topology include:
1.Flexibility: Allows for tailoring the network to meet specific
needs by combining the strengths of different topologies.
2.Scalability: Offers scalability as the network can be expanded
by adding or modifying existing topologies.
3.Fault Tolerance: Provides redundancy and fault tolerance by
leveraging the strengths of multiple topologies.
Disadvantages include:
1.Complexity: Requires careful planning and management due
to the combination of different topologies, which can increase
complexity.
2.Cost: The need for multiple devices, cabling, and
infrastructure can lead to higher installation and maintenance
costs.
3.Potential Points of Failure: Introducing multiple topologies
increases the number of potential points of failure, requiring
robust monitoring and management practices.
Here are Hybrid Topology
key features and advantages/disadvantages:
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18. Network topology is the blueprint of a
network's structure, defining how devices are
connected and how data flows. It influences
performance, scalability, fault tolerance, and
management complexity. Different topologies
offer varying levels of efficiency, scalability,
and fault tolerance, with trade-offs between
simplicity and complexity. Factors like network
size, purpose, and budget influence the choice
of topology. Ultimately, understanding the
strengths and weaknesses of each topology is
crucial for designing networks that meet
specific needs and requirements.
Discussion
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19. Reference
https://www.google.com/
https://chat.openai.com/
shiksha.com/online-
https://image.slidesharecdn.com/topology58707279-
240201171850-579df2b1/75/computer-network-topology-
busstarringmeshtree-18-2048.jpg
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