A network topology is the physical and logical arrangement of nodes and connect in a network. Physical topology describes the layout of devices and cables, and logical topology describes the way in which data is transmitted within the network – regardless of the physical layout. A Network Topology is the arrangement with which computer systems or network devices are connected to each other. Topologies may define both physical and logical aspect of the network. Both logical and physical topologies could be same or different in a same network.

1. Course Name: Fundamentals of Computer
Corse No:0613-1106
Semester:1st Batch:46th
Computer Network Topology
Submitted To
Sumon Ahmed Saikan
Lecturer
Department of CSE
Dhaka International University-DIU
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23 April 2024

2. Md.Shariar Amin
Roll:03 Roll:04
Md.Gafur Howlader Sumaia Simu
Roll:44 Roll:40
Jasia Iqbal
Roll :38
Mrigen Simsang
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3. Introduction
Topology Types
P2p Topology
Star Topology
Ring Topology
Mesh Topology
Bus Topology
Tree Topology
Discussion
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4. A network topology is the physical and logical arrangement of nodes and
connect in a network.
Physical topology describes the layout of devices and cables, and logical
topology describes the way in which data is transmitted within the network
– regardless of the physical layout.
Fig 1: Network Topology
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5. Point to Point Topology
Star Topology
Ring Topology
Bus Topology
Tree Topology
Mesh Topology
Fig 2: Computer Topology Types
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6. Point-to-Point Topology is a types of topology that works on the
functionality of the sender and receiver. It is the simplest communication
between two nodes, in which one is the sender and the other one is the
receiver. Point-to-Point provides high bandwidth.
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Fig 3: P2P Topology

7.  Star Topology is a network topology in which each network component
is physically connected to a central node such as router , hub or switch.
In a star topology, the central hub acts like a server and the connecting
nodes act like clients.
Fig 4: Star Topology
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8. Advantages:
1. Less expensive.
2. Easy to install and reconfiguration.
3. Robustness
Disadvantages:
1. Failure of central hub will effect the entire network.
2. Performance is based one the single concentrator i.e.hub.
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9.  A ring network is network topology in which each node connects to
exactly two other nodes , forming a single continuous pathway for
signals through each node- a ring.
Fig 5:Ring Topology
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10. Advantage:
1. The data transmission is high-speed.
2. The possibility of collision is minimum in this type of topology.
3. Cheap to install and expand.
4. It is less costly than a star topology.
Disadvantage:
1. The failure of a single node in the network can cause the entire
network to fail.
2. Troubleshooting is difficult in this topology.
3. Less secure.
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11.  Bus topology is a type of network topology in which all devices are
connected to a single cable called a “bus.” This cable serves as a
shared communication medium, allowing all devices on the network to
receive the same signal simultaneously.
Fig 6: Bus Topology
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12. Advantages:
1. Coaxial or twisted pair cables are mainly used.
2. The cost of the cable is less compared other topologies.
3. Bus topology is familiar technology as installation and troubleshooting
techniques are well known.
Disadvantages:
1. If the common cable fails, then the whole system will crash down.
2. Adding new devices to the network would slow down networks.
3. Security is very low.
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13.  In a tree topology ,there is one central node(the“trunk”),and each node
is connected to the central node through a single path .Nodes can be
thought of as branches coming of the trunk.
Fig 7: Tree Topology
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14. Advantages:
1. It allows more devices to be attached to a single central hub thus it
decreases the distance that is traveled by the signal to come to the
devices.
2. We can add new devices to the existing network.
3. Error detection and error correction are very easy in a tree topology.
Disadvantages:
1. If the central hub gets fails the entire system fails.
2. The cost is high because of the cabling.
3. If new devices are added ,it becomes difficult to reconfigure.
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15.  The mesh topology is a type of topology in which every device or
computer is connected to every other device . Each device not only
sends its signals but also receives signals from other devices.
Fig 8: Mesh Topology
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16. Advantages:
1. Dedicated link ensure that each connection carry its own data load,
eliminating the traffic problem.
2. Mesh topology is robust.
3. Provides privacy & security.
4. Fault identification and isolation is easy.
Disadvantages:
1. Huge amount of cabling and I/O ports required.
2. Installation and reconnection is difficult.
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17.  Following the completion of the topology presentation slide, we
acquired knowledge about topological kinds as well as presentation
slide creation. We have used Google and You Tube to help us tackle a
number of challenges that have been encountered. In addition to being
essential for numerous step a student of sociology department must
take, topology may serve as a reminder of the architecture and
foundation of computers.
 The teacher of our course made all effort to aid us in comprehending
the content, which may be beneficial to individuals in all walks of life.
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