BASICS OF COMPUTER

1. Computer
Applications For
Management
Ms. C.Dharshanaa,
Assistant Professor,
V.V.Vanniaperumal College For Women,
Virudhunagar

2. 1. MEANING
A computer is a programmable machine designed to
perform arithmetic and logical operations automatically and
sequentially on the input given by the user and gives the
desired output after processing. Computer components are
divided into two major categories namely hardware and
software. Hardware is the machine itself and its connected
devices such as monitor, keyboard, mouse etc. Software’s
are the set of programs that make use of hardware for
performing various functions.

3. 2. DEFINITION
A computer is an electronic device, operating under the
control of instructions stored in its own memory that can
accept data (input), process the data according to specified
rules, produce information (output), and store the
information for future use.

4. 3. CHARACTERISTCS OF
COMPUTER
• Speed
• Accuracy
• Storage
• Diligence
• Versatility and flexibility
• Power of Remembering
• No IQ
• No Feeling

5. 4. COMPONENTS OF
COMPUTER
Any kind of computers consists of HARDWARE and
SOFTWARE.
• The hardware components of a computer system are the
electronic and mechanical parts.
• The software components of a computer system are the
data and the computer programs.

6. HARDWARE
• Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements
that constitutes a computer system. Computer hardware
refers to the physical parts or components of a computer
such as the monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data
storage, hard drive disk (HDD), system unit (graphic
cards, sound cards, memory, motherboard and chips), etc.
all of which are physical objects that can be touched.
• Hardware components are often categorised as being
input, output, storage or processing components.

7. HARDWARE COMPONENTS
INPUT
DEVICE
PROCESS
OUTPUT
DEVICE
STORAGE

8. INPUT DEVICE
• Input device is any peripheral piece of computer
hardware equipment to provide data and control signals to
an information processing system such as a computer or
other information appliance. Input device Translate data
from form that humans understand to one that the
computer can work with. Most common are keyboard and
mouse

9. PROCESSOR
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• The processor is an electronic device about a one inch square,
covered in plastic. Inside the square is an even smaller square
of silicon containing millions of tiny electrical parts. A
processor may contain 100 million transistors. It does the
fundamental computing within the system, and directly or
indirectly controls all the other components.
• The processor is sometimes called the Central Processing
Unitor CPU. A particular computer will have a particular type
of processor, such as a Pentium chip or a SPARC chip.
• A CPU is brain of a computer. It is responsible for all functions
and processes. Regarding computing power, the CPU is the
most important element of a computer system.

10. MEMORY
This memory is of two fundamental types: main memory,
and secondary memory.
• Main memory is sometimes called volatile because it
looses its information when power is removed.
• Secondary memory is usually non-volatile because it
retains its information when power is removed.
(However, it needs power when information is stored into
memory or retrieved from it.)
C.DHARSHANAA,

11. OUTPUT DEVICES
• An output device is any piece of computer hardware
equipment used to communicate the results of data
processing carried out by an information processing
system (such as a computer) which converts the
electronically generated information into human-readable
form.
C.DHARSHANAA,

12. SOFTWARE
• Software is a generic term for organized collections of
computer data and instructions, often broken into two
major categories: system software that provides the basic
non-task-specific functions of the computer, and
application software which is used by users to accomplish
specific tasks.
C.DHARSHANAA,

13. 5. COMPONENTS OF
DESKTOP
Windows 7 is an operating system that Microsoft has
produced for use on personal computers. An operating
system allows your computer to manage software and
perform essential tasks.
C.DHARSHANAA,

14. START MENU
The Microsoft Windows Start Menu is the primary
location in Windows to locate your installed programs and
find any files or folders. By default, the Start Menu is
accessed by clicking the Start button, located in the bottom
left-hand corner of the Windows Desktop screen.
C.DHARSHANAA,

15. ICON
In computing, an icon is a pictogram or ideogram displayed
on a computer screen in order to help the user navigate a
computer system. The icon itself is a quickly
comprehensible symbol of a software tool, function, or a
data file, accessible on the system and is more like a traffic
sign than a detailed illustration of the actual entity it
represents. It can serve as an electronic hyperlink or file
shortcut to access the program or data.
C.DHARSHANAA,

16. TASK BAR
A taskbar is an element of a graphical user interface which
has various purposes. It typically shows which programs are
currently running.
C.DHARSHANAA,

17. FILE
• A file is an object on a computer that stores data, information, settings, or
commands used with a computer program. A file is created using
a software program on the computer. For example, to create a text file you
would use a text editor, to create an image file you would use an image
editor, and to create a document you would use a word processor. The
below characters are considered illegal and cannot be used while creating a
file / : * ? “ < > |
• A file is created using a software program on the computer. For
example, to create a text file you would use a text editor, to create
an image file you would use an image editor, and to create a document you
would use a word processor.
• Picture files - .bmp, .gif, .jpg
• Operating system files - .dll, .exe
• Text and Word processing documents - .doc, .docx, .rtf, .txt
• Web Page files - .htm, .html
C.DHARSHANAA,

18. FOLDER
A folder, also called a directory, is a special type of file on
your computer's file system which contains other files and
folders.
• Folders help you keep your files organized and
separate. If you had no folders on your computer, your
documents, programs, and operating system files would
all be located in the same place. Folders also allow you to
have more than one file with the same file name. For
instance, you can have a file called Resume.doc in
your My Documents folder, and another file
called Resume.doc in a different folder called Resume
templates. If all your files were in a single place, every
file would need a unique file name.
C.DHARSHANAA,

19. 6. E-MAIL
Email is a service which allows us to send the message in
electronic mode over the internet. It offers an efficient,
inexpensive and real time mean of distributing information
among people.
C.DHARSHANAA,

20. Instructions to send an E-mail
• Step 1: Log in to your Gmail account so that you are on the dashboard (main page) of
your mail account.
• Step 2: Click Compose.
• Step 3: A new blank email window will open up. In the ‘To’ box, type in the email
address of the recipient.
• Step 4: When the sender wanted to include someone else in the email to ‘keep them in
the loop’. They can do this by clicking Cc or Bcc, which will open another field.
• Step 5: The subject field allows the sender to give the recipient an idea of the topic of
the email, like a heading. The sender doesn’t have to put anything in the subject box, but
it can help when viewing and sorting email.
• Step 6: Email text can be formatted in a similar way to text in a word document. The
sender can change the font style, colour and size using the formatting icons. They can
also create bullet points and check the spelling of your email. Choose the formatting
from the menu shown.
• Step 7: Type the message in the main body field of the email.
• Step 8: When the sender composes the email, click the blue Send button at the bottom of
the compose window.
• Step 9: The email that is sent will now be stored in the ‘Sent Mail’ folder on the Gmail
dashboard. You may have to run the mouse pointer over the Inbox folder link to see the
other folders.
C.DHARSHANAA,

21. 7. WEB BROWSER
A web browser, or simply "browser," is an application used to
access and view websites. Common web browsers include
Microsoft Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox,
and Apple Safari.
• Web Browser is application software that allows us to view
and explore information on the web. User can request for any
web page by just entering a URL into address bar. Web
browser can show text, audio, video, animation and more. It is
the responsibility of a web browser to interpret text and
commands contained in the web page. Earlier the web
browsers were text-based while now a day’s graphical-based or
voice-based web browsers are also available.
C.DHARSHANAA,

22. STARTING INTERNET
EXPLORER
Internet explorer is a web browser developed by Microsoft.
It is installed by default with the windows operating system
however, it can be downloaded and be upgraded.
To start internet explorer, follow the following steps:
• Go to Start button and click Internet Explorer.
C.DHARSHANAA,

23. WEB BROWERS
• Internet Explorer
Internet Explorer (IE) is a product from software giant Microsoft. This is the most commonly used
browser in the universe. This was introduced in 1995 along with Windows 95 launch and it has
passed Netscape popularity in 1998.
• Google Chrome
This web browser is developed by Google and its beta version was first released on September 2,
2008 for Microsoft Windows. Today, chrome is known to be one of the most popular web browser
with its global share of more than 50%.
• Mozilla Firefox
Firefox is a new browser derived from Mozilla. It was released in 2004 and has grown to be the
second most popular browser on the Internet.
• Safari
Safari is a web browser developed by Apple Inc. and included in Mac OS X. It was first released as a
public beta in January 2003. Safari has very good support for latest technologies like XHTML, CSS2
etc.
• Opera
Opera is smaller and faster than most other browsers, yet it is full- featured. Fast, user-friendly, with
keyboard interface, multiple windows, zoom functions, and more. Java and non Java-enabled
versions available. Ideal for new comers to the Internet, school children, handicap and as a front-end
for CD-Rom and kiosks.
C.DHARSHANAA,

24. 8. SEARCH ENGINE
A search engine is a web-based tool that enables users to
locate information on the World Wide Web. Popular
examples of search engines are Google, Yahoo!, and MSN
Search. Search engines utilize automated software
applications (referred to as robots, bots, or spiders) that
travel along the Web, following links from page to page,
site to site. The information gathered by the spiders is used
to create a searchable index of the Web.
C.DHARSHANAA,

25. SEARCH ENGINE
COMPONENTS
• Generally there are three basic components of a search engine as listed
below:
• Web Crawler
• Database
• Search Interfaces
• Web crawler
It is also known as spider or bots. It is a software component that traverses
the web to gather information.
• Database
All the information on the web is stored in database. It consists of huge web
resources.
• Search Interfaces
This component is an interface between user and the database. It helps the
user to search through the database.
C.DHARSHANAA,

26. 9. BUSINESS APPLICATION
Business software or a business application is
any software or set of computer programs used by business
users to perform various business functions. These business
applications are used to increase productivity, to measure
productivity and to perform other business functions
accurately. By and large, business software is likely to be
developed to meet the needs of a specific business, and
therefore is not easily transferable to a different business
environment, unless its nature and operation is identical.
C.DHARSHANAA,

27. EXAMPLE OF BUSINESS APP
• Office mobile app is developed by Microsoft. The app
offers Word, Excel, PowerPoint and OneNote.
• Square register enables users to manage a business from
anywhere by accepting credit cards using a free card
reader and free point of sale tools.
• Business Credit Applications – Documentation that is
required to be filled up by an individual or business
looking to open a line of credit with an institution. The
documentation serves to determine the borrower’s
employment status, credit history, and the capacity of
credit.
C.DHARSHANAA,