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composite climate low cost techniques
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- 2. AREAS HAVIING COMPOSITE CLIMATE HAVE EXTREMECOLDAND HOT, FOR EX. – NEW DELHI
- 4. WALL CONSTRUCTIO N MATERIAL; COMPACTED EARTHRENDERED WITH COW DUNG. STONE MASONRY IN MUD MORTAR. POLES NDTWIGS PLASTEREDWITH MUD MORTAR. ATHIN LAYER OF COW DUNG SLURRY INSIDE THEWALL CAVITY REDUCES INCOMING HEAT FLUXTHRUWALLS. BETTRTHAN SOLIDWALLS AND AIR CAVITY WALLS.
- 5. IN CASEOF HOT DOUBLE ROOFTECHNIQUE PROTECTS MAIN STRUCTURE FROM SOLAR GAIN EAVESTO PROTECT FROM GLARE OF SUN PERGOLASARE USEDTO PROTECT FRONT FAÇADE FROM HOTNESS HOLLOW BLOCK CONSTRUCTIONTECHNIQUES HELPS INTHERMAL INSULATIONOF BUILDINGS.
- 6. STRAWTHATCHON POLETIMBERONBAMBOO SUBSTRUCTURE. LOCALLY MADECOUNTRYTILES ONTIMBER SUBSTRUCTURE MANGALORETILES ONTIMBER SUBSTRUCTURE WOODEN BEAMSAND BOARDS COVEREDWITH STRAWAND PROTECTIVE MUD LAYER. TIMBER SUBSTRUCTURECARRYING CLAYTILES COVEREDWITH MUD.
- 7. DECORATEOF EXTERNAL WALL WOOD PLASTIC COMPOSITE PANELS HAVEGOODHEAT INSULATIONEFFECT IN SUMMERSAND HEAT PRESERVATION EFFECTS INWINTERS. IT ISALSO CHARACTERISEDBY NO DEFORMATION , GOODADAPTATIONTO CLIMATICCHANGES ,WATER PROOF,DAMP PROOF, MIDEW PROOF , INSECT PRESERVATION,NO CRACK.
- 8. LOCALLY AVAILABLE MATERIALS FABRIC PROVIDES FLEXIBILITYTO USESLEEPING PODS AS REQUIRED SLATE USED FOR ROOFING PROVIDESWATERPROOFING AND SUFFICIENTTHERMAL MASSTO REDUCE HEAT LOSSES METAL USEDAS SECONDRY FRAMINGTO SUPPORT WALLING PANELS AND PROVIDES STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY. WOOD PRIMARY ROOF FRAMING IS MADE FROM LOCAL WOODTO SUPPORT ROOFING PANELS. STONE BUTRESSES,WALLS ARE MADE FROM LOCALLY AVAILABLE STONETO FORM CORE STRUCTURE.
- 9. TIMBER AS ACAST AND SUPPORT FOR CONCRETE CASTINGOF BEAMS, COLUMNS,SLABS, FOUNDATIONS. BAMBOO
- 10. EXPOSED BRICK CONSTRUCTION EXPOSED BRICKWORK ,BOTH INSIDEAND OUTSIDEARE LEFT UNPLASTERED ALLOWING BRICKS TO SHOW IN SOME BUILDINGS, ONLY EXTERIOR IS UNPLASTERED WHILETHE INTERIORSARE PLASTERED.
- 11. CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES VENE BLOCKS TCOLUMNSOFA MOULDMADEOF TIMBER.THE MOULDSUSEDTO MAKETHEADOBE BLOCKS RIGHT WHERETHEWALLS ISTO BE ERECTED,AND RELIESONA SIMPLE NON MECHANISED PROCEDURE. THE MOULD IS PLACEDWHERE REQUIREDANDTHE EARTH MIXTURE IS POUREDANDCOMPACTEDWITHIN THE MOULD. ONCETHE MOULD IS FILLEDANDALL EARTHWITHIN COMPACTED,THE MOULD IS LIFTEDOUTAND MOVED AHEADTO MAKETHE NEXT BLOCK. THE SAME PROCESS REPEATED AGAIN
- 12. RATTRAP BOND BRICKS ARE USED INAWAY WHICH CREATES A CAVITY WITHIN THEWALL, WHILE MAINTAINING THE SAME WALL THICKNESSAS FOR A CONVENTIONAL BRICKWORK.
- 13. PRETENSIONWALL WALLS USING BLOCKING BLOCKSATTEMPT TO RESPECT THIS PRESENT DAY CONTRADICTION WITHIN RCC. BY CONTINUOUS HOLES FOR INSERTING HIGH TENSION BARS WHICH ARE PRESTRESSED FROM THE ENDS.THROUGH THE SURROUNDING FRAMES. THUS LOACTING BLOCKS INTO POSITION. THE CAVITIES ARE THEN FILLED WITH RIVER SAND. THUSTHETENSION IN THEWALLS CAUSED BY A HORIZONTAL THRUST WILL BETAKEN BY STEEL AND COMPRESSION BY CONCRETE.
- 14. FUNICULAR ROOF A Funicular Shellis a 3 dimensional catenary on a rectilinear base.The roofing system consists of doubly curved shells made with materials of good compressive strength such as waste stone pieces and brick tiles and supported on reinforced concrete edge beams. A series of these shells in variable geometric configurations supported on a grid of concrete beams, identical to a coffer slab, provides an attractive roof for small to medium spans. Edge BeamThis is a reinforced concrete beam which supports and distributes the horizontal thrust of the funicular shell.The beam can be conventionally cast along with the funicular shell. As per the span, the beam is designed for a coffer slab or a grid of beams. Alternatively, the beam can be partially precast, in which case a pre- welded reinforcement cage is placed along the grid and cast half.The cage is fabricated as a truss girder (see overleaf for details) which improves the load bearing capacity of beam considerably, while simultaneously reducing the beam section. Funicular ShellThe entire area to be roofed is divided into a grid depending on the size of the funicular shell required or the size / shape of moulds available.
- 15. The riseto span ratio is 1:6, thus the optimal span of the shell is 3 m though it can span up to 15 m.The mould is supported between the edge beams.Timber planks are used to bridge the gap between the edge of the mould and the edge beam.The shell comprises of the materials – bricks, stone waste – laid in the funicular profile topped with cement-sand mortar and concrete screed. Concrete In-fill After the shells have been cast, the valley spaces which are formed between the shells can be filled with light-weight material like brick jelly lime concrete and finished flat. The infill will enable the construction of an intermediate floor which can be used to build above.
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- 17. DAYLIGHT Emhpasis is laidon providing adequate day-lightning . Intelligent design of windows for views and for light reduce the heat gain. MATERIALS AND APPLIANCES . Use of local materials and material with is visible at various places. . For instance, local stone and construction materials are used for external cladding, low – embodied energy.
- 18. PV SOLAR ROOF whensunlight hits our house, it warms our roof and pushes heat into our home. Installing solar panels will block this sunlight from hitting your roof, thereby preventing heat from entering your house.The researchers found that solar panels can lower a roof’s temperature by 5 degrees Fahrenheit, or about 3 degrees Celsius.
- 20. INSULATION Roofs are finishedwith broken china mosaic .the roof construction sandwich contains 30 mm thick polyurethane board insulation above the RCC slab. For the courtyard houses , the western wall of the upper floor, the cast and west walls of the courtyard roofs, and the water tank walls are insulated using an innovative construction sandwich.