The document discusses vernacular architecture in India, highlighting how regional climate and local materials influence building styles across various climatic zones, such as hot and dry, warm and humid, and cold. It details specific structural adaptations for different regions, including insulation, orientation, and ventilation methods tailored to the environmental conditions. Overall, the focus is on designing buildings that are harmonious with their natural surroundings and climate to enhance comfort and sustainability.

2. Vernaculus (LATIN) = domestic or native
“Vernacular Architecture Refers To Buildings Based Upon
Regional Traditions, Building Materials In Hand, And The
Characteristics Of The Native place Such as Climate.”

3. •HOT AND DRY
BIODIVERSITY IN THE INDIAN CLIMATE & CLIMATIC ZONES
•WARM AND HUMID
•COLD AND SUNNY
•COLD AND CLOUDY
•COMPOSITE

4. {Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana.}
•SOLAR RADIATIONS (800-950W/min)
•TEMPERATURE RANGE (20-40°C)
•HUMIDITY (20-40%)
•PRECIPITATION –(<500mm)
•AAPPROPRIATE ORIENTATION
•INSULATION OF BUILDING ENVELOPE
•AIR LOCKS, BALCONIES, LOBBIES, VERANDAS
•OVERHANGS, FINS,TREES
•WINDOWS & EXAUSTS
•WIND TOWERS, COURTYARDS
•WATER BODIES
•EVAPORATIVE COOLING

5. MUD HUT OF RAJASTHAN

6. {Costal Area, North-East Region.}
•TEPERATURE RANGE (20-35° C)
•RELATIVE HUMIDITY (70-90%)
•PRECIPITATION(>1200mm)
•OVERCAST SKY (40-80%)
• HIGHER POSSIBIL ITY OF
VEGETATION
•ROOF INSULATION AND WALL INSULATION
•REFLECTIVE SURFACE OF ROOF
•VENTILATED ROOF CONSTRUCTION
• MAXIMIZE CROSS VENTILATION
•PROPER ARRANGEMENT OF THE OPENINGS
•MEASURES TO PREVENT MATERIAL FROM
CORROSION

7. COSTAL HOUSES

8. {Local Places (Pune,Bangalore,Etc.)}
•SOLAR RADIATIONS (Moderate)
•TEMPERATURE RANGE (17-34°C)
•HUMIDITY (30-80%)
•PRECIPITATION (<1000mm)
•REDUCE HEAT GAIN BY SHADING DEVICES
•WALLS FACING EAST & WEST PROTECTED
BY OVERHANGS.
•COURTYARD PLAN
•WINTER HEATING IS MORE IMPORTANT
•SMALL OPENINGS IN EXTERIOR OF BUILDING
•PROPER CROSS VENTILATION

9. { Deccan, MP, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh.}
•SOLAR RADIATIONS
(Intense in Summer & lower in Winter )
•TEMPERATURE RANGE (4-43°C)
•HUMIDITY (20-55%)
•PRECIPITATION (500-1300mm)
•MORE OR LESS AS IN HOT AND DRY REGION
•AIR LOCKS AND BALCONIES
•WIND BARRIERS AND TREES
•THICKER WALLS
•DEHUMIDIFIERS ANS DESICCANT COOLING
•TREES & PONDS FOR EVAPORATIVE COOLINGS
•ROOF INSULATION & WALL INSULATION

10. { Laddakh}
•SOLAR RADIATIONS
(Lower Intensity Throughout A Year )
•TEMPERATURE RANGE (-14 to 11°C)
•HUMIDITY (Low 10-15%)
•PRECIPITATION (<200mm)
•CLEAR SKY
•THE BUILDINGS ARE MADE
FROM STONE, MUD AND CLAY
•BUILDINGS ARE VERY CLOSE
•VERY FEW & VERY SMALL OPENINGS
•FIREPLACE IS NECESSORY

11. { Kashmir, Sikkim, upper part of Assam }
•SOLAR RADIATIONS
(Low. high percentage of Diffused Radiation )
•TEMPERATURE RANGE (-4 to 30°C)
•HUMIDITY (Low 5-15%)
•PRECIPITATION (Around1000mm)
•CLOUDY SKY EXCEPT THE SUMMER
•THE MUD AND BAMBOO WALL
•ROOF OVERHANGS ON ALL SIDES
TO PROTECT THE CORE SPACES
•ROOF IS OF THICK STONE SLAB
OR COUNTRY TILES
•FIREPLACES &CHIMNEYS