The document provides an overview and comparison of the educational systems of China and India. It outlines the structure of schooling in both countries from primary to tertiary levels, including compulsory education policies. Some key differences highlighted are China's unified school system versus India's public and private sectors, as well as the higher student populations and spending as a percentage of GDP in China. The document also notes challenges faced in both countries' education including lack of resources, pressure on students, and problems with practical and research-based learning. Solutions proposed include evidence-based policy, professional teaching support, and developing students' thinking skills.

1. MARIZZA A. RAGUIN
MAED-MATH
DR. ERLINDA A. GANAPIN
Professor

2. To highlight the special features of educational system of China and India.
To describe educational processes and outcomes of China and India;
To differentiate the educational system of China and India;

3. SEQUENCE OF PRESENTATION
FLAG OF CHINA & INDIA
MAP OF CHINA & INDIA
BRIEF HISTORY OF CHINA & INDIA
GOALS OF EDUCATION
STRUCTURE OF SCHOOLING
CURRICULA
SPECIAL FEATURES OF THEIR EDUCATION
PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN EDUCATION
REFERENCES

4. NATIONAL FLAG OF THE TWO
COUNTRIES
INDIACHINA

5. MAP OF THE TWO COUNTRIES
CHINA INDIA

6. CHINA INDIA
Capital
Beijing New Delhi
Official Language
Standard Chinese Hindi, English
Government
Unitary de facto one-party socialist
State governed as a single power in which the central
government is ultimately supreme & any administrative
division exercise only the powers that the central
government chooses to delegate
Federal –a political entity characterized by a
union of partially self-governing provinces, states,
other regions under a central government
Total land area
9,596,961 sq. km.
(3,705,407 sq. mi.)
3rd largest country by total area
3,287,263 sq. km.
(1, 269,219 sq. mi.)
7th largest country by total area
Population
1, 403,500,365
(2016 estimate)
World’s most populous country)
1,324,171,354
(2016 estimate)
(2nd populous country)
% of GDP (Education)
3.9 trillion yuan(565.6 billion U.S dollars) Rs 81, 868 crore
Student Population
Primary- 121 million (2005)
Secondary- 78.4 million (2005)
Including junior and senior high school
Post Secondary – 11.6 million (2005)
Primary- 93%
Secondary- 69%
Post secondary- 25%

7. GOALS OF EDUCATION
CHINA INDIA
1. To promote nine-year compulsory education
and to eradicate illiteracy among young and
middle aged people in the west.
2. To improve the educational quality and reduce
the number of dropout students in rural junior
middle schools.
3. To cultivate rural schools into training bases to
help peasants find or create jobs and become
more affluent through compulsory,
and adult education.
1. To increase productivity
2. To accelerate modernization
3. To promote social & national integration
4. To inculcate national values

8. STRUCTURE OF SCHOOLING
INDIACHINA
BASIC EDUCATION
1. Pre-School Education- usually three years old
2. Primary Education – six years, usually starting at the age
of six
SECONDARY EDUCATION – (SIX YEARS)
1. ACADEMIC SECONDARY EDUCATION
a. JUNIOR MIDDLE SCHOOL(THREE YEARS)
- Graduates wishing to continue their education take a
locally administered entrance exam on the basis of
which they will have the option of..
1. Continuing in an academic senior middle school
2. Entering a vocational middle school(or leave school at
this point) to receive 2-4 yrs of training.
Pre-school: Education at this level is not
compulsory.
Private playschools: Catering for children
between the ages of 18 months.
Kindergarten
1. Lower kindergarten- 3 to 4 years old
2. Upper Kindergarten- 4 to 5 years old
Primary School: 1st to 5th class
( 6 to 10 years old)
Middle School: 6th to 8th class
( 11 to 14 years old)

9. b. SENIOR MIDDLE SCHOOLS(THREE YEARS)
-graduates wishing to go to universities must take
Higher Education Entrance Exam(Gao Kao)
-Accdg to the Chinese Ministry of Education, in June 2015,
9.42 million students took the exam.
HIGHER EDUCATION(gen.&tech.univ.,specialized institutions,
prof.universities,military institutions,medical schools & colleges,
indep.colleges, & adult higher education)
1. Universities that offer four-year of five-year
undergraduate degrees to award academic degree
qualifications
2. Colleges that offer three-year diploma or certificate
courses on both academic and vocational subjects.
-Post graduate and doctoral programs are only offered at
universities.
ADULT EDUCATION
-ranges from primary education to higher education.
Secondary School: 9th to 10th Class
(14 – 16 yrs old
Higher Secondary or Pre-University:
11th to 12th Class (16 – 17 years old).
Undergraduate: A BA is a three-year degree.
Specialized courses such as medicine and engineering
can be longer
Postgraduate: A one-year course
Vocational Education- curriculum offered composed of
a language course, foundation course, and electives, of
which half of electives are practical in nature.
Tertiary Education – type of institutions
(central,state,open)
Bachelor’s degree
(arts,science,soc.stud.,commerce)- 3 yr program
Professional Bachelor’s degree- (medicine, architecture,
law, etc..)-4-5.5 yrs.

10. TERM TIMES AND SCHOOL HOURS
Academic year
1. February to mid-july(summer vacation)
2. September to mid/late-January(winter vocation).
There are no half-terms.
• Most schools start from (7:30am-6pm) with 2
hours lunch break.
• Many schools have evening self-study classes
running from 7pm-9pm
• On average, a primary school pupils spend
about 7-8 hrs at school while secondary school
student spends about 12-14 hrs at school if
including lunch time and evening classes.
• Many schools hold extra morning classes in
science & math for 3-4 hrs on Saturday. If
schools do not have Saturday morning classes,
most parents would send their children to
expensive cramming school at weekend or
organize one-to-one private tuition for their
children over the weekend.
CHINA

11. EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN CHINA
- Is a state-run system of public education run
by the Ministry of Education. All citizens must
attend school for at least nine-years, called as
the NINE-YEAR COMPULSARY EDUCATION ,
which the government funds.
- Adopts a unified school system.
Specialized education lasts for 2 to 3 years
• For blind, deaf or mentally retarded children
and teens
EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN INDIA
- Is provided by the public sector as well as
the private sector, with control and
funding coming from 3 levels: central,
state, and local.
- Under various articles of the INDIAN
CONSTITUTION, free and compulsory
education is provided as the fundamental
right to children between the ages of 6
and 14.
- The ratio of public schools to private
schools in India is 7:5.

12.  China has also become a top destination for
international students. As of 2013, China is the
most popular country in Asia for international
students, and ranks third overall among countries.
 China offers great job opportunities to the
aspiring and experienced teachers.
 Teachers salary per month - $ 2,000 USD
 103,896.10 php
 As per constitution of India, school education
was originally a state subject--- that is, the
states had complete authority on deciding
policies and implementing them.
 The modern school system was brought to
India, including the English Language original
by Lord Thomas Babington Macaulay in the
1830’s.
 Curriculum was confined to modern subjects,
science & mathematics
 Teachers salary- Rs 301, 462 crore per year
 232,719.10 php
CHINA INDIA

13. CHINA INDIA
EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
SCHOOL/LEVEL SCHOOL/LEVEL
PRIMARY PRIMARY SCHOOL(COMPULSORY & free)
LANGUAGE – MANDARIN
9 COMPULSORY COURSES- CHINESE, MATH,SOCIAL
STUDIES, NATURE, P.E, IDEOLOGY & MORALITY,MUSIC,
ART & LABOR STUDIES
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL(COMPULSORY & FREE)
MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION-REGIONAL LANGUAGE
& ENGLISH AS A 2nd LANGUAGE
LOWER PRIMARY-(standards I-V)
UPPER PRIMARY-(standards VI-VIII)
SECONDARY
JUNIOR(LOWER) SECONDARY SCHOOL
CHINESE, MATH,CHEMISTRY,PHYSICS,FOREIGN
& POLITICS
SECONDARY SCHOOL-(standards IX-XII)
Gen./Lower Sec.School-Standard X
MATH, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, SOCIAL
SCIENCES,PRE-VOCATIONAL EDUCATION/ART, P.E
SENIOR (UPPER)SECONDARY SCHOOL
SAME SUBJECT AS JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL
Upper/Senior Sec. School- Standard XII
POST-SECONDARY SHORT CYCLE(ZHUANKE)
TERTIARY
BACHELOR’S DEGREES 1st University Degree(Bachelor’s)
1st University Degree(Engineering & Technology)
MASTER’S DEGREES 2nd University Degree (Master’s)
DOCTORAL DEGREES Doctoral degree

14. CHINA INDIA
GRADING SYSTEM
UNIVERSITIES,COLLEGES,VOCA
TIONAL & OTHER HIGHER
EDUCATION INSTITUTION
343 575

17. Student Teacher Ratio
19:1 for primary schools
17:1 for junior secondary school
18:1 for senior secondary schools.

18. INDIA

20. MAIN FEATURES OF MODERN EDUCATION SYSTEM
IN INDIA
1. A system of compulsory education to all children
up to the year of 14. Under this age all children
must be given education in any government or
private college.
2. If any child is forced to do any other of apart from
being educated the person involved in such act
will be treated as per law
3. After gaining the primary education a child can
be given secondary education and passes high
school (10th ) and inter (10+2)
4. For providing this level of education both central
and state governments are involved through their
boards made for this purpose
5. There are also private boards who conduct high
school or intermediate exams.
6. After their 10 + 2 a child can pursue bachelor,
master and other specialization degree in many
fields of their choice.
MAIN FEATURES OF EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN
CHINA
1. Primary education in China is mandatory and free
charge for all children between age 6 to 12.
2. All students are required to attend three years of
pre-school education.
3. Upon graduation, junior secondary school
students are required to take a formal
examination. “zhongkao”, it serves as the
graduation examination for middle schools.
4. High school education is not mandatory in
students who enter this level of education will
either study in regular high schools for 3 years or
vocational higher schools for 2 or 3 yrs.
5. National College Entrance Examination

21. PROBLEMS about EDUCATION
CHINA
1. Lack of educational expenditure in
total amount
2. Qualities in rural areas cannot be
guaranteed
3. Teacher student ratios in rural areas
are much lower than that in urban
cases
4. Pressure and stress for the students
INDIA
1. No practical knowledge
2. Lack of research
3. Absence of library, laboratory
and other facilities in schools and
colleges.
4. Lack of funds
5. Neglect of Indian language

22. CHINA
 Evidence-based, participatory policy making
 Provision of professional support to teaching
 Learning from the world
 Experimentation
 Balancing between unity and diversity
“Education can, and will make a difference on
students’ learning and social well being, especially
when taking into consideration the tremendous
changes happening in the 21st century and the actions
that will be taken in the future to meet these challenges
and opportunities step by step.”
INDIA
 Catching up with the global trend
 Developing students’ thinking skills
 Adaptable to low resource settings
 Allowing for different paces of learning
 An implicit route to better teaching
“Navigating the challenges and opportunities of the
21st century requires flexible and creative thinkers who
can adopt to an increasing pace of change. Mainstream
education system in India is not creating such thinkers.
The problem is as much about how students are
taught, as much as it is about what is being taught. We
need to teach students in the same way as we want
them to act; creatively, collaboratively, constantly
iterating and driving to output with structure and logic.
Teaching computational thinking answers both
challenges.”
SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM IN EDUCATION TO COPE WITH THE CHALLENGES OF
THE 21ST CENTURY

23. References:
www.tanfonline.com
www.cucas.edu.cn/studyinchina/programs/professional/Teacher_Training_26.htm
ncee.org/what-we-do/...on...china/shanghai-china-teacher-and-principal-quality
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_China
https://www.classbase.com/Countries/china/Education-System
www.open.edu/openlearn/education/brief-introduction-the-chinese-education-system
https://www.internations.org/china...education/the-chinese-education-system
https://www.chinaeducenter.com/en/cedu.php
www.edu.cn › English
https://www.slideshare.net/aditisharma1004/education-system-in-china
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_India
https://www.classbase.com/countries/India/Education-System
https://www.gnu.org/education/edu-system-india.htm
https://transferwise.com/gb/blog/indian-education-overview
https://www.franchiseindia.com/education/Current-education-system-in-India

24. THANK YOU