Science centers aim to enrich the school curriculum and provide hands-on learning experiences using exhibits that increase understanding of science, technology, and math. They stimulate curiosity and expose visitors to positive experiences with science. Some benefits of science fairs for students include allowing them to exhibit talents, strengthening knowledge, and developing skills like leadership and cooperative work. Field trips to places like science museums, power plants, and hospitals give students new ideas for projects while deepening understanding and developing an inquiry attitude. Community members like electricians, carpenters, and veterinarians can also share valuable knowledge with students.
Laboratories are wonderful settings for teaching and learning. It utilizes raw data or material things to produce better understanding of the subject matter. It is a method of learning by doing. It provides students with opportunities to think about, discuss, and solve real problems.
A science library holds materials that support the study of fields like physics, chemistry, biology and environmental science. The objectives of a science library are to provide information to help update scientific knowledge, enrich curricular experiences, and develop a scientific attitude among students. A science library should be organized with sections for different topics, books on scientists' lives, and resources like textbooks, periodicals, and pamphlets. It should also provide space for reading, a bulletin board for science news, and be open everyday with a librarian present.
Professional development is learning to earn or maintain professional credentials such as academic degrees to formal coursework, attending conferences, and informal learning opportunities situated in practice. It has been described as intensive and collaborative, ideally incorporating an evaluative stage.
This document discusses the importance and history of educational technology. It defines educational technology as a systematic approach to designing, implementing, and evaluating the learning and teaching process based on research in human learning and communication. Educational technology utilizes a combination of human and non-human resources to improve instruction. The document outlines three approaches to educational technology: 1) hardware approach focusing on equipment, 2) software approach based on learning psychology, and 3) systems approach treating education as a system. It emphasizes that educational technology can improve teaching efficiency, enrich education goals, and facilitate lifelong learning.
The document discusses various audio-visual aids that can be used to support teaching and learning. It begins by outlining the benefits of using audio-visual aids such as clarifying concepts, sustaining student interest, and helping information be more permanently retained. It then provides guidelines for selecting, preparing students for, and following up on various audio-visual materials. The remainder of the document details different types of aids including printed materials, audio aids, visual aids, demonstrations, field trips, language labs, and sources of instructional materials. It emphasizes the importance of preparation, guidance, and follow up activities to maximize the educational impact of these aids.
This document outlines the goals and procedures for laboratory work in education. It discusses:
- The major goals of laboratory work are to teach observational and manual skills, improve understanding of scientific inquiry, and develop problem-solving abilities.
- Laboratory methods include experimental and demonstration approaches to promote discovery, problem-solving, and mastery of concepts and skills.
- Key steps in the laboratory method are preparation, work periods where students conduct experiments or activities, and culminating activities where results are discussed.
- Benefits are that students learn by doing and develop observation, reasoning, and scientific thinking, while disadvantages include time and cost ineffectiveness.
Science centers aim to enrich the school curriculum and provide hands-on learning experiences using exhibits that increase understanding of science, technology, and math. They stimulate curiosity and expose visitors to positive experiences with science. Some benefits of science fairs for students include allowing them to exhibit talents, strengthening knowledge, and developing skills like leadership and cooperative work. Field trips to places like science museums, power plants, and hospitals give students new ideas for projects while deepening understanding and developing an inquiry attitude. Community members like electricians, carpenters, and veterinarians can also share valuable knowledge with students.
Laboratories are wonderful settings for teaching and learning. It utilizes raw data or material things to produce better understanding of the subject matter. It is a method of learning by doing. It provides students with opportunities to think about, discuss, and solve real problems.
A science library holds materials that support the study of fields like physics, chemistry, biology and environmental science. The objectives of a science library are to provide information to help update scientific knowledge, enrich curricular experiences, and develop a scientific attitude among students. A science library should be organized with sections for different topics, books on scientists' lives, and resources like textbooks, periodicals, and pamphlets. It should also provide space for reading, a bulletin board for science news, and be open everyday with a librarian present.
Professional development is learning to earn or maintain professional credentials such as academic degrees to formal coursework, attending conferences, and informal learning opportunities situated in practice. It has been described as intensive and collaborative, ideally incorporating an evaluative stage.
This document discusses the importance and history of educational technology. It defines educational technology as a systematic approach to designing, implementing, and evaluating the learning and teaching process based on research in human learning and communication. Educational technology utilizes a combination of human and non-human resources to improve instruction. The document outlines three approaches to educational technology: 1) hardware approach focusing on equipment, 2) software approach based on learning psychology, and 3) systems approach treating education as a system. It emphasizes that educational technology can improve teaching efficiency, enrich education goals, and facilitate lifelong learning.
The document discusses various audio-visual aids that can be used to support teaching and learning. It begins by outlining the benefits of using audio-visual aids such as clarifying concepts, sustaining student interest, and helping information be more permanently retained. It then provides guidelines for selecting, preparing students for, and following up on various audio-visual materials. The remainder of the document details different types of aids including printed materials, audio aids, visual aids, demonstrations, field trips, language labs, and sources of instructional materials. It emphasizes the importance of preparation, guidance, and follow up activities to maximize the educational impact of these aids.
This document outlines the goals and procedures for laboratory work in education. It discusses:
- The major goals of laboratory work are to teach observational and manual skills, improve understanding of scientific inquiry, and develop problem-solving abilities.
- Laboratory methods include experimental and demonstration approaches to promote discovery, problem-solving, and mastery of concepts and skills.
- Key steps in the laboratory method are preparation, work periods where students conduct experiments or activities, and culminating activities where results are discussed.
- Benefits are that students learn by doing and develop observation, reasoning, and scientific thinking, while disadvantages include time and cost ineffectiveness.
This document discusses reference materials which provide benchmarks for measurements. It defines certified reference materials as those characterized by a metrological procedure and certificate, while non-certified materials lack these. Reference materials play important roles in quality assurance and validation of methods. They are used to support measurements in various fields and may be characterized by their identity or measured property values.
This document presents an overview of Benjamin Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. It discusses the three domains of the taxonomy: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. For each domain, it describes the classification and subdivision of educational objectives. The cognitive domain contains 6 categories related to thinking and reasoning skills. The affective domain has 5 categories associated with attitudes, values, and interests. The psychomotor domain is divided into 5 levels related to manual and physical skills. Overall, Bloom's Taxonomy provides a framework for defining different types of learning objectives and sequencing learning activities from lower to higher order thinking.
Concept maps are a graphic representation of a student's knowledge in a subject displayed through concepts and relationships between concepts. They can be used to assess student knowledge at the start and during a course. There are different types of concept maps like spider, hierarchical, and flowchart maps. Concept maps are useful for identifying student ideas, assessing knowledge development, and modeling expert thinking in a domain. They provide insights for students and teachers about performance and areas needing improvement.
Concept mapping involves using diagrams with boxes and circles connected by labeled arrows to represent relationships between concepts. It was developed in the 1970s by Joseph Novak at Cornell University to increase meaningful learning. Concept mapping is used by designers, engineers, and technical writers to organize knowledge, as well as for note-taking, brainstorming, and in education and business settings by providing all basic information on one page.
The document discusses the demonstration method for teaching computer science. It describes demonstration as a method where the teacher performs experiments and explains them to the class. Demonstrations combine aspects of lectures and labs by allowing students to observe experiments firsthand while receiving a verbal explanation. The document outlines best practices for demonstrations, including ensuring visibility, incorporating student participation, and supplementing with additional teaching aids. It also notes limitations like lack of student involvement and rapid pacing.
Educational technology uses digital mediums to enhance teaching and learning both in the classroom and online. It aims to make learning more student-centered and interactive through tools that allow students to access information, collaborate with others, and reflect on what they are learning. When used properly, educational technology can engage students, make abstract concepts more concrete, and make learning more permanent and less dependent on verbalism alone. It provides opportunities for independent learning while decreasing the time spent on instruction.
This document discusses reflective journals for teachers. It defines reflective journals as a teacher's written response to teaching events that allows them to reflect on experiences and trigger insights. Reflective journals are used to study language learning and teacher cognition. Keeping a reflective journal involves regularly writing entries that include the date, events of the day, a focus on one or two episodes, and analysis/evaluation. Teachers can focus journal entries with reflection questions on their teaching, student behavior, and professional development. Journal data can then be analyzed for patterns and significant events.
This document discusses several theories of learning including constructivism, behaviorism, Piaget's theory of cognitive development, brain-based learning, learning styles theory, multiple intelligences theory, and observational learning. For each theory, the key principles are outlined and the impacts on curriculum, instruction, and assessment are described. Theories of teaching are also briefly introduced including formal, descriptive, and normative theories. Overall, the document provides an overview of major psychological and educational theories of the learning process.
This document discusses the definition, layout, design, services, and rules of a science laboratory. It defines a science laboratory as a special facility where experiments are conducted using various equipment. It describes the typical layout of a laboratory including science blocks, practical wings, and considerations for the environment. It outlines criteria for laboratory design including space for individual and group work, lectures, discussions, and exhibitions. It also lists various services and characteristics of an effective chemistry laboratory such as adequate supplies of gas, water, and electricity, proper storage of chemicals, and safety features. Finally, it discusses the organization of the laboratory including timetables, storage systems, and rules for students.
The document presents a group's discussion on charts in teaching. It discusses that charts can bring real-life scenes into the classroom to help visualize theoretical concepts. The purposes of charts and their advantages like being easy to write and understand are described. Some disadvantages of charts like being time consuming and difficult to show complex processes are also noted.
PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION
Introduction:
Programmed Instruction method of teaching is an autocratic and individualised
strategy. Its main focus is to bring desirable change in the cognitive domain of the learnerโs
behaviour. The responses of the learner are strictly controlled by the programmer. Susan
Markle Susan Meyer Markle (1928โ2008) was an American psychologist defines it as โa method of designing a reproducible sequence of instructional events to
produce a measurable and consistent effect on behaviour of each and every acceptable
studentโ.
The origin of modern programmed instruction is from the psychology of learning and
not from technology. It is an application of โoperant conditioningโ learning theory to teaching
โlearning situations. It got historical momentum only after the publication of โThe Science of
Learning and Art of teachingโ articles by B.F. Skinner in 1954.
Programmed Instruction is a highly individualised instructional strategy for the
modification of behaviour. Besides instructional purpose, it can also be employed as a
mechanism of feedback device for improving teaching efficiency. Under this mode of
instruction, the student is active and proceeds at his own result. However, the Physical
presence of teacher is not essential in this strategy.
Definition:
โA progressively monitored, step-by-step teaching method, employing small units of information or learning material and frequent testing, whereby the student must complete or pass one stage before moving on to the next.โ
โA method of teaching in which the information to be learned is presented in discrete units, with a correct response toeach unit required before the learner may advance to the next unit.โ
Major objectives of Programmed Instructions are:-
โข To help the student to learn by doing.
โข To provide the situation to learn at his own pace.
โข To help student to learn without the presence of a teacher.
โข To present the content in a controlled manner and in logically related steps.
Purpose of programmed instructions are:-
โข To manage human learning under controlled conditions.
โข To promote learning at the pace of the learner.
โข To present the material in small pieces.
โข To provide quicker response
Major principles of Programmed Instruction are:-
1) Principle of Small Step.
2) Principle of Active Responding
3) Principle of Immediate confirmation.
4) Principle of Self - Pacing
5) Principle of Student - Testing.
Educational technology is as broad as education itself and implies using all educational resources like people, materials, methods, machines, and media in an integrated way to optimize learning. It includes instructional technology, which applies psychological and scientific principles to achieve learning objectives; behavioral technology, which emphasizes using psychology to modify teacher and student behavior to meet objectives; and teaching technology, which applies various fields of knowledge to the professional practice of teaching. Instructional design is also part of educational technology as it is the systematic process of creating, developing, and delivering instructional materials.
This document discusses the importance of science education. It begins by defining science education as sharing science content and processes with individuals. It then provides background on the first science teacher in a British public school. The document emphasizes that science education is important for elementary school students as it helps them communicate, learn about the world, develop problem-solving skills, perseverance, and interests in future science careers. However, the document notes that science education in the Arab world faces challenges like low quality programs, outdated curricula, lack of access to technology, and neglect of hands-on learning.
The document discusses and compares the laboratory method and demonstration method. The laboratory method involves students performing experiments themselves to give them firsthand experience. It aims to develop students' skills in using lab equipment. In contrast, the demonstration method involves a teacher performing an experiment while students observe. It is used to teach skills efficiently by showing all necessary steps. The key difference is that the laboratory method uses student participation through "learning by doing" while the demonstration method relies on observation.
This document discusses learning objectives and their importance in education. It defines key terms like goals, objectives, instructional objectives and learning objectives. It emphasizes that objectives should be learner-centered and measurable. The document outlines the components of a well-written learning objective, including the audience or learner, the observable behavior, the conditions of performance, and criteria for acceptable demonstration of the behavior. It provides examples of learning objectives written according to these components and guidelines. The document stresses that learning objectives are essential for guiding curriculum development, instructional methods, and student assessment.
1. David Ausubel developed the Advance Organizer Model which theorized that meaningful learning occurs when new information is related to what is already known through deductive reasoning.
2. An advance organizer is introductory information presented by the teacher that helps students organize new content by highlighting relationships and directing attention to important concepts.
3. The goal of advance organizers is to strengthen students' cognitive structures and knowledge organization so that new information can be integrated with prior understanding.
The document discusses social science museums and their importance in education. It defines a social science museum as containing artifacts and exhibits that represent valuable information about the past, including how people lived and how society and science progressed over time. The objectives of museums are to support visual and hands-on learning, stimulate enthusiasm for research, and instruct students in proper research and exhibition techniques. Museums make social science lessons more engaging by providing direct experience and adding reality to the classroom teaching.
Educational technology can play two roles - as a teacher delivering instructional content, or as a partner in the learning process. From a constructivist perspective, technology serves as a tool for learners to construct knowledge through interaction, representation of ideas, and collaboration. It provides contexts for problem-solving and opportunities for reflection. Research shows that technology enhances learning, understanding, motivation and the development of critical thinking skills when implemented properly in a learner-centered way.
A resource unit is a type of material that teachers use in pre-planning that provides a reservoir of teaching content, objectives, and learning experiences. It is important as it promotes teacher growth, acts as a form of pre-planning, helps evolve several learning units, handles individual differences, and suggests teaching and learning materials. The key steps in constructing a resource unit are to determine the title, introduction, general objectives, content analysis, activities, teaching materials and sources, evaluation procedures, and editing.
This document defines self-directed learning and outlines the process. It begins by defining self-directed learning as when individuals take initiative to diagnose their own learning needs, formulate goals, identify resources, choose learning strategies, and evaluate outcomes. The key aspects of self-directed learning are that it moves learners from dependence to autonomy, is need-oriented and motivated by a love of learning. The document then describes the three main steps of self-directed learning as climate setting, planning learning needs and goals, and evaluating progress.
Resource persons are people in the community who have special knowledge and skills that can provide valuable resources and ideas to students. Potential resource persons include policemen, health officers, priests, barangay officials, businessmen, parents, and teachers. Having a resource person visit the classroom allows them to explain topics more accurately and interestingly than teachers. However, availability may be a limitation. Teachers should properly prepare students and contact resource persons ahead of time to plan their classroom visits effectively.
This document discusses reference materials which provide benchmarks for measurements. It defines certified reference materials as those characterized by a metrological procedure and certificate, while non-certified materials lack these. Reference materials play important roles in quality assurance and validation of methods. They are used to support measurements in various fields and may be characterized by their identity or measured property values.
This document presents an overview of Benjamin Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. It discusses the three domains of the taxonomy: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. For each domain, it describes the classification and subdivision of educational objectives. The cognitive domain contains 6 categories related to thinking and reasoning skills. The affective domain has 5 categories associated with attitudes, values, and interests. The psychomotor domain is divided into 5 levels related to manual and physical skills. Overall, Bloom's Taxonomy provides a framework for defining different types of learning objectives and sequencing learning activities from lower to higher order thinking.
Concept maps are a graphic representation of a student's knowledge in a subject displayed through concepts and relationships between concepts. They can be used to assess student knowledge at the start and during a course. There are different types of concept maps like spider, hierarchical, and flowchart maps. Concept maps are useful for identifying student ideas, assessing knowledge development, and modeling expert thinking in a domain. They provide insights for students and teachers about performance and areas needing improvement.
Concept mapping involves using diagrams with boxes and circles connected by labeled arrows to represent relationships between concepts. It was developed in the 1970s by Joseph Novak at Cornell University to increase meaningful learning. Concept mapping is used by designers, engineers, and technical writers to organize knowledge, as well as for note-taking, brainstorming, and in education and business settings by providing all basic information on one page.
The document discusses the demonstration method for teaching computer science. It describes demonstration as a method where the teacher performs experiments and explains them to the class. Demonstrations combine aspects of lectures and labs by allowing students to observe experiments firsthand while receiving a verbal explanation. The document outlines best practices for demonstrations, including ensuring visibility, incorporating student participation, and supplementing with additional teaching aids. It also notes limitations like lack of student involvement and rapid pacing.
Educational technology uses digital mediums to enhance teaching and learning both in the classroom and online. It aims to make learning more student-centered and interactive through tools that allow students to access information, collaborate with others, and reflect on what they are learning. When used properly, educational technology can engage students, make abstract concepts more concrete, and make learning more permanent and less dependent on verbalism alone. It provides opportunities for independent learning while decreasing the time spent on instruction.
This document discusses reflective journals for teachers. It defines reflective journals as a teacher's written response to teaching events that allows them to reflect on experiences and trigger insights. Reflective journals are used to study language learning and teacher cognition. Keeping a reflective journal involves regularly writing entries that include the date, events of the day, a focus on one or two episodes, and analysis/evaluation. Teachers can focus journal entries with reflection questions on their teaching, student behavior, and professional development. Journal data can then be analyzed for patterns and significant events.
This document discusses several theories of learning including constructivism, behaviorism, Piaget's theory of cognitive development, brain-based learning, learning styles theory, multiple intelligences theory, and observational learning. For each theory, the key principles are outlined and the impacts on curriculum, instruction, and assessment are described. Theories of teaching are also briefly introduced including formal, descriptive, and normative theories. Overall, the document provides an overview of major psychological and educational theories of the learning process.
This document discusses the definition, layout, design, services, and rules of a science laboratory. It defines a science laboratory as a special facility where experiments are conducted using various equipment. It describes the typical layout of a laboratory including science blocks, practical wings, and considerations for the environment. It outlines criteria for laboratory design including space for individual and group work, lectures, discussions, and exhibitions. It also lists various services and characteristics of an effective chemistry laboratory such as adequate supplies of gas, water, and electricity, proper storage of chemicals, and safety features. Finally, it discusses the organization of the laboratory including timetables, storage systems, and rules for students.
The document presents a group's discussion on charts in teaching. It discusses that charts can bring real-life scenes into the classroom to help visualize theoretical concepts. The purposes of charts and their advantages like being easy to write and understand are described. Some disadvantages of charts like being time consuming and difficult to show complex processes are also noted.
PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION
Introduction:
Programmed Instruction method of teaching is an autocratic and individualised
strategy. Its main focus is to bring desirable change in the cognitive domain of the learnerโs
behaviour. The responses of the learner are strictly controlled by the programmer. Susan
Markle Susan Meyer Markle (1928โ2008) was an American psychologist defines it as โa method of designing a reproducible sequence of instructional events to
produce a measurable and consistent effect on behaviour of each and every acceptable
studentโ.
The origin of modern programmed instruction is from the psychology of learning and
not from technology. It is an application of โoperant conditioningโ learning theory to teaching
โlearning situations. It got historical momentum only after the publication of โThe Science of
Learning and Art of teachingโ articles by B.F. Skinner in 1954.
Programmed Instruction is a highly individualised instructional strategy for the
modification of behaviour. Besides instructional purpose, it can also be employed as a
mechanism of feedback device for improving teaching efficiency. Under this mode of
instruction, the student is active and proceeds at his own result. However, the Physical
presence of teacher is not essential in this strategy.
Definition:
โA progressively monitored, step-by-step teaching method, employing small units of information or learning material and frequent testing, whereby the student must complete or pass one stage before moving on to the next.โ
โA method of teaching in which the information to be learned is presented in discrete units, with a correct response toeach unit required before the learner may advance to the next unit.โ
Major objectives of Programmed Instructions are:-
โข To help the student to learn by doing.
โข To provide the situation to learn at his own pace.
โข To help student to learn without the presence of a teacher.
โข To present the content in a controlled manner and in logically related steps.
Purpose of programmed instructions are:-
โข To manage human learning under controlled conditions.
โข To promote learning at the pace of the learner.
โข To present the material in small pieces.
โข To provide quicker response
Major principles of Programmed Instruction are:-
1) Principle of Small Step.
2) Principle of Active Responding
3) Principle of Immediate confirmation.
4) Principle of Self - Pacing
5) Principle of Student - Testing.
Educational technology is as broad as education itself and implies using all educational resources like people, materials, methods, machines, and media in an integrated way to optimize learning. It includes instructional technology, which applies psychological and scientific principles to achieve learning objectives; behavioral technology, which emphasizes using psychology to modify teacher and student behavior to meet objectives; and teaching technology, which applies various fields of knowledge to the professional practice of teaching. Instructional design is also part of educational technology as it is the systematic process of creating, developing, and delivering instructional materials.
This document discusses the importance of science education. It begins by defining science education as sharing science content and processes with individuals. It then provides background on the first science teacher in a British public school. The document emphasizes that science education is important for elementary school students as it helps them communicate, learn about the world, develop problem-solving skills, perseverance, and interests in future science careers. However, the document notes that science education in the Arab world faces challenges like low quality programs, outdated curricula, lack of access to technology, and neglect of hands-on learning.
The document discusses and compares the laboratory method and demonstration method. The laboratory method involves students performing experiments themselves to give them firsthand experience. It aims to develop students' skills in using lab equipment. In contrast, the demonstration method involves a teacher performing an experiment while students observe. It is used to teach skills efficiently by showing all necessary steps. The key difference is that the laboratory method uses student participation through "learning by doing" while the demonstration method relies on observation.
This document discusses learning objectives and their importance in education. It defines key terms like goals, objectives, instructional objectives and learning objectives. It emphasizes that objectives should be learner-centered and measurable. The document outlines the components of a well-written learning objective, including the audience or learner, the observable behavior, the conditions of performance, and criteria for acceptable demonstration of the behavior. It provides examples of learning objectives written according to these components and guidelines. The document stresses that learning objectives are essential for guiding curriculum development, instructional methods, and student assessment.
1. David Ausubel developed the Advance Organizer Model which theorized that meaningful learning occurs when new information is related to what is already known through deductive reasoning.
2. An advance organizer is introductory information presented by the teacher that helps students organize new content by highlighting relationships and directing attention to important concepts.
3. The goal of advance organizers is to strengthen students' cognitive structures and knowledge organization so that new information can be integrated with prior understanding.
The document discusses social science museums and their importance in education. It defines a social science museum as containing artifacts and exhibits that represent valuable information about the past, including how people lived and how society and science progressed over time. The objectives of museums are to support visual and hands-on learning, stimulate enthusiasm for research, and instruct students in proper research and exhibition techniques. Museums make social science lessons more engaging by providing direct experience and adding reality to the classroom teaching.
Educational technology can play two roles - as a teacher delivering instructional content, or as a partner in the learning process. From a constructivist perspective, technology serves as a tool for learners to construct knowledge through interaction, representation of ideas, and collaboration. It provides contexts for problem-solving and opportunities for reflection. Research shows that technology enhances learning, understanding, motivation and the development of critical thinking skills when implemented properly in a learner-centered way.
A resource unit is a type of material that teachers use in pre-planning that provides a reservoir of teaching content, objectives, and learning experiences. It is important as it promotes teacher growth, acts as a form of pre-planning, helps evolve several learning units, handles individual differences, and suggests teaching and learning materials. The key steps in constructing a resource unit are to determine the title, introduction, general objectives, content analysis, activities, teaching materials and sources, evaluation procedures, and editing.
This document defines self-directed learning and outlines the process. It begins by defining self-directed learning as when individuals take initiative to diagnose their own learning needs, formulate goals, identify resources, choose learning strategies, and evaluate outcomes. The key aspects of self-directed learning are that it moves learners from dependence to autonomy, is need-oriented and motivated by a love of learning. The document then describes the three main steps of self-directed learning as climate setting, planning learning needs and goals, and evaluating progress.
Resource persons are people in the community who have special knowledge and skills that can provide valuable resources and ideas to students. Potential resource persons include policemen, health officers, priests, barangay officials, businessmen, parents, and teachers. Having a resource person visit the classroom allows them to explain topics more accurately and interestingly than teachers. However, availability may be a limitation. Teachers should properly prepare students and contact resource persons ahead of time to plan their classroom visits effectively.
This lesson plan is for a 3rd grade class to learn about different cultures represented in their classroom through a passport book activity. Students will listen to guest speakers who are parents or community members discussing their own cultures. They will then fill out pages in their passport book with flags, foods, animals and other facts about the culture. At the end of the week, students will celebrate all the cultures learned about with a party. The teacher's role is to provide materials and invite guest speakers. Students will help create expectations, actively listen, ask questions, and complete their passport books.
The document outlines procedures for planning and conducting successful field trips, including preliminary planning by the teacher, pre-planning with students and others attending, the field trip itself, and follow-up activities. It discusses arranging logistics with the site, preparing students, safety guidelines, and evaluating the trip. Benefits of field trips include facilitating lasting concepts through hands-on experiences, exposing students to real-world contexts, and nurturing curiosity across subjects. Drawbacks can include costs, logistics, time demands, and uncertainty. The document also provides examples of community resources for learning, such as speakers, museums, libraries, and performances.
This document discusses field trips as an educational teaching method. It defines a field trip as an educational trip organized for students to gain first-hand information through direct observation in natural settings. The document outlines various types of field trips, provides examples, and discusses the purposes, planning process, techniques, importance and roles of school nurses related to field trips.
Field trips can provide valuable educational experiences for students by connecting classroom lessons to real-world examples. However, proper planning is essential to ensure field trips are successful. Teachers should carefully plan field trips by establishing learning objectives, preparing students, coordinating logistics, and conducting post-trip follow up activities. With good planning, field trips can increase students' knowledge and understanding compared to only using classroom materials, but they also require significant time and resources to organize properly. A community's people, places and organizations are also resources that can be utilized for students' learning.
Field trips provide hands-on learning experiences outside the classroom. This document discusses the types of field trips, their advantages and disadvantages, how to use them as a teaching methodology, how to prepare students, and activities during the trip. Some key points include: field trips can be educational, environmental, cultural, or historical; they engage students' senses, spark curiosity, and build bonds; proper planning is needed around logistics, safety, and inclusiveness; preparation includes discussing objectives, rules, and emergency plans; activities incorporate observation, note-taking, and sharing experiences.
EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLGY - THEORIES OF INSTRUCTION - INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA - (861...EqraBaig
ย
This document discusses various theories and strategies related to instruction and instructional media. It begins by outlining the benefits of developing a theory of instruction, such as helping teachers understand the nature of instruction and facilitating the design of instruction. It then discusses factors to consider when developing a theory of instruction, including that instruction is both an art and science. The document also covers developing learner profiles, including the key areas of basic data, lifestyle, infrastructure, and study habits. It provides examples of how to apply learner profile information when designing distance education materials. Finally, it discusses various instructional strategies like lecture, discussion, group instruction, and simulated instruction; outlining their purpose, advantages, and disadvantages.
DLL English 10 Q1_Module 1_Subject Orientation, Class Policies, Character Bin...JenniferOestar3
ย
1. The document is a daily lesson log for an English class on World Literature taught by Dr. Jennifer Oestar at Canda National High School.
2. The lesson log outlines the objectives, content, learning process, and procedures for the class sessions over the course of a week.
3. The content for the week includes an overview of classroom policies and routines, introduction of students, defining world literature, and a character bingo activity to help students get to know each other.
This document outlines the planning process for an effective school field trip in 12 steps: 1) preliminary planning, 2) pre-planning with others attending, 3) taking the trip, and 4) follow-up activities. It emphasizes defining objectives, safety standards, and follow-up questions in the preparation stage. During the trip, the teacher should introduce the guide and ensure students have their questions answered while adhering to schedules and behavior standards. Post-trip, the document recommends using experiences to foster lasting concepts and attitude changes through concrete experiences outside the classroom.
Field trips are most often done in 3 steps: preparation, activities and follow-up activity. Preparation applies to both the student and the teacher. Teachers often take the time to learn about the destination and the subject before the trip. Activities that happen on the field trips often include: lectures, tours, worksheets, videos and demonstrations. Follow-up activities are generally discussions that occur in the classroom once the field trip is completed.
Ms. Maricel A. Dela Cruz
Topic: Parts of Speech
Teaching Aids Used:
- Pictures of different objects
- Flashcards with words written on them
- Whiteboard and marker
- Notebook and pen
Teaching Procedure:
1. The teacher introduced the topic - Parts of Speech. She explained that there are different word classes in the English language.
2. She showed pictures of different objects like a book, flower, car, etc. and asked the students to identify each object. The students responded well.
3. Then the teacher showed flashcards with words written on them like "read", "beautiful", "drive". She asked
Printed media is one of the oldest forms of instructional media used in classrooms. While it is no longer used as widely in schools, it remains an important format for spreading information to students. Printing has evolved from woodblock printing centuries ago to modern digital printing. Printed materials are used to inform, instruct, and motivate learners, and include classroom learning aids, workshop training materials, and announcements. Books are the most common and familiar print media for students. They provide a wealth of knowledge on many topics and are used as both teaching aids and sources of entertainment. Effective textbooks have accurate content organized in a logical structure, with clear language appropriate for students. Teachers use various methods to incorporate reading books into lessons, including reading
This document discusses planning and conducting effective field trips. It notes that field trips offer an excellent bridge between classroom learning and the real world. Key steps in planning a field trip include preliminary planning by the teacher, pre-planning with students, taking the field trip, and follow-up activities. Effective planning involves setting objectives, safety guidelines, documentation methods, and follow-up questions. Field trips provide memorable, concrete experiences that foster lasting learning and changes in attitudes. They allow students to broaden their learning beyond textbooks. While field trips require logistical effort, their educational benefits outweigh these disadvantages.
Micro teaching and exploring community resourcesEr Animo
ย
Micro-teaching involves teaching brief lessons to small groups to gain experience and receive feedback, which is analyzed for self-evaluation. It is effective for focused learning compared to other techniques. Community resources are abundant educational materials outside the classroom that facilitate hands-on learning. Teachers can link with community experts, places, and natural areas to bring real-world examples into lessons. While planning is needed, using these resources makes learning more engaging and helps students appreciate their community.
The document outlines the basic parts of a lesson plan including objectives, motivation, development, methods, materials, summaries, and assignments. It describes the components in detail, such as defining objectives using Bloom's taxonomy, examples of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and considerations for choosing instructional materials. Characteristics of effective assignments are provided like being interesting, incorporating previous lessons, and catering to individual differences.
The document outlines the basic parts of a lesson plan which include objectives, motivation/review, lesson proper/development/outline, methods, materials and media, summaries, and assignments. It describes the characteristics of good objectives using SMART criteria and discusses different types of motivation, instructional methods, considerations for choosing materials, and characteristics of effective assignments. The goal is to provide teachers with guidance on developing high-quality lesson plans.
This document outlines the steps for planning and conducting a successful field trip, including preliminary planning, pre-planning with students, taking the field trip, and follow-up activities. It discusses contacting the field trip location, making arrangements with the school, creating objectives and questions, preparing students, taking the trip, and evaluating the experience. The document also notes potential educational benefits of field trips, such as acquiring lasting concepts through rich experiences, but acknowledges disadvantages like costs and logistics. Community resources that could enhance field trips are also listed.
Making The Most of Community Resources and Field.pptxDarillBacusDamas
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1. The document outlines the steps for planning and conducting a successful field trip, including preliminary planning by the teacher, pre-planning with others attending, pre-planning with students, taking the field trip, and follow-up activities.
2. It discusses obtaining permission slips and waivers from parents, creating an itinerary, setting behavior standards, and evaluating the field trip afterward.
3. Educational field trips can provide rich, memorable learning experiences and real-world connections beyond the classroom, helping concepts last and potentially changing attitudes. However, they also require time, costs, and logistical planning.
The document outlines the responsibilities of students, facilitators, and both parties for a food analysis course. It states that punctuality, respect, and maintaining a clean environment are expected of both students and facilitators. For facilitators, key responsibilities include providing necessary information, guiding without spoon feeding, and being available outside of class. Main student responsibilities consist of obeying institution rules, being willing to learn, participating in class, showing insight, and asking for help when needed. Both parties must sign agreeing to the learning contract.
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17Celine George
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In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
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The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...TechSoup
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Whether you're new to SEO or looking to refine your existing strategies, this webinar will provide you with actionable insights and practical tips to elevate your nonprofit's online presence.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
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The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
2. DURINGTHETRIP
1. Prepare name tags for
students and chaperons.
2. Arrive on time on the site.
Divide students in group and
assign students who will help
the teachers as monitors.
3. Take inventory of supplies,
food, and other equipment.
Take along an emergency it.
Secure a cellphone if possible.
3. 1. Student should bring
writing material during the
trip.
2. Obtain material w/c are
handed out to visitors.
3. provide time for students
to observe, ask question,
record key words, ideas
and phrases as journal
entries in their journals.
4. Provide time for students
to use cameras and
recorders.
4. AFTERTHETRIP
1. Students should be able to
present to the class their
observations and reactions to
their experiences.
2. Displayed materials,
memorabilia, souvenirs, and
pictures could form part of the
bulletin board.
3. An exhibit w/c replicates some
of the exhibits visited could be
developed.
5. 1. Than you letters could be sent to the places visited or
to the persons who supported the trip.
2. An article w/c accounts the experiences In the field
trip can be published in the school newspaper or posted
in the bulletin board.
3. Evaluate the field trip according to
objectives/expectations, schedule, and places visited.
6. 1. Than you letters could be
sent to the places visited or
to the persons who supported
the trip.
2. An article w/c accounts the
experiences In the field trip
can be published in the school
newspaper or posted in the
bulletin board.
3. Evaluate the field trip
according to
objectives/expectations,
schedule, and places visited.
7. RESOURCE PERSON
In the community, we
can find people who have
special knowledge and skills.
They are called resource
persons who can provide
resources in the form of ideas
that can be shared to
students.
Like for example;
Policeman, priest, doctor,
parents, businessmen, barangay
officialsโฆ etc.
8. ADVANTAGE
Resource Person can explain topics more accurately
and interestingly than the classroom teacher.
LIMITATION
Availability of the resource person could be
problem.
9. UTILIZATION GUIDLINES
1. Contact the resource person ahead of time.
2. The teacher should provide the guest the following
information:
a. the objectives and expectation of his/her visit.
b. information that he students already know and w/c
they are curious about.
c. classroom management routine.
d. plans for related teaching and learning
experiences.
10. 3. The teacher should see to it that:
a. students are prepared to listen to the talk. Pupils should
know what to expect from the speaker and what to ask during the
open forum.
b. students are reminded to be courteous, respectful, and
warm to the resource person.
c. the large portion of the time allotted to the resource
persons be devoted for discussion.
11. 4. A thank you letter or a token can be given to the
resource person to appreciate his/her help.
5. Design an alternative plan for any failure of
communications or last minute cancellations.