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Community participation
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- 2. What is aCommunity A Community is a set of people living together with common interest” We all live in a community. There are different things that bind us together. Let us try to identify them. Occupation Language Beliefs Values Religion Culture 1/29/2017 community participation 2
- 3. What is participation? •Oxforddictionary defines participation as “to have a share in ” or “ to take part in”. 1/29/2017 community participation 3
- 4. A more detaileddefinition of community participation 1/29/2017 community participation 4 Shaping Planning Mobilisi ng and training Implem enting Evaluati ng and monitor ing
- 5. “As an individualI could do nothing. As a group we could find a way to solve each other’s problems”. 1/29/2017 community participation 5
- 6. WHAT’S A COMMUNITY? •It is a social entity made of people or families who have the following characteristics: • Live in the same geographical area • Share common goals or problems • Share similar development aspirations • Have similar interests or social network or relationship at local level • Have a common leadership and tradition • Have common system of communication • Share some resources-water, school, etc • Are sociologically and psychologically linked.
- 7. COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION • DEFILATION •Community mobilization is not possible without community participation their participation is very much essential in assessing needs and problems; planning and implementation of action and evaluation of the programme outcome. The involvement of community people varies. It is the responsibility of the organization to maximize peoples participation.
- 8. AIMS OF COMMUNITYPARTICIPATION • The community develops self-reliance • The community develops critical awareness • The community develops problem solving skills
- 9. • TYPES OFPARTICIPATION • Passive – (Manipulation) • Active – (consultation) • Involvement – (Community control)
- 10. • PASSIVE PARTICIPATION •In this type of participation, individuals or families are mere spectators
- 11. ACTIVE PARTICIPATION • Inthis type of participation, they may be carrying out some tasks in a programme but are not involved with the final decision making in what is to be done. The final decision in such cases are made by people who are not members of the community in such situations, the community does not develop a sense of self-reliance.
- 12. COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION AND INVOLVEMENT •Community mobilization is not possible without community participation their participation is very much essential in assessing needs and problems; planning and implementation of action and evaluation of the programme outcome. The involvement of community people varies. It is the responsibility of the organization to maximize peoples participation.
- 13. BENEFITS FROM COMMUNITYPARTICIPATION • Justification for community participation come from a variety of sources, including lessons learned from the failures of conventional top- down planning as well as the achievement of community based programmes.
- 14. • BARRIERS TOPARTICIPATION • Community mobilization needs participation of all people. Sometimes only a few people participate in all the activities whereas others do not. None can force people to participate. The organizations and community workers should find reasons of/barriers to non-participation and make efforts to seek their participation. Following are some of the reasons for non-participation of people: • 1. Physical limits: The distance between the venue and people's residence can be a major cause for their non-participation." This may also be the reason for not receiving any information (non communication). They have to travel a long distance to participate and no public transportation is available. Physical disability can also be one of the reasons for non-partic1P3.tion. • 2. Cultural restriction: This is a very important factor- for less or non- participation of people. There are many communities which culturally prohibit men and women to meet publicity on the same platform. In some communities, only the community leader participates in decision-making and others are not allowed to give their opinions. This restriction demotivates them to attend the fleeting. At times, the family and husbands forbid wives to participate. This results in the lower attendance of women in the meeting certain people .feel that their primary responsibility is towards family, and not community.
- 15. • 3. Languageand literacy: Language can be an important barrier to participation in the meeting. Those who do not speak the common language, or are illiterate, may feel intimidated by large groups. • They feel left out. They lose interest as they cannot understand the proceedings. They may feel that they do not have anything to offer. This may affect their self-esteem very badly. • 4. Misunderstanding: Lack of complete information about the purpose of meeting, the issues to be discussed and the lack of clarity about the target beneficiaries may result in misunderstanding in people. This affects the attendance at meeting. • 5. Time: Time could be a major constraint for participation. People have-to pr10ritiie their attendance according to their family responsibilities, personal official/business work. At times, the community • The organizations and community workers should try to understand these Darners and use certain strategies to overcome them so that people '8 participation can be sought, which is a necessary prerequisite for the overall development of the community.