Downloaded 42 times
More Related Content
Similar to Communist China Origins
Communist China Origins
- 1. Communist China World HistoryII – March 2012
- 2. The finaldynasty Qing Dynasty falls in 1911 Ends 2,000 years of imperial rule in China Civil War Military warlords take over provinces of China after Qing Communist Party of China formed in 1921 Civil war rages on and off from 1927-1950 Fought between Chinese nationalists and Communist party Brief break from 1937-1945 to fight the Japanese together
- 3. War re-ignitesbetween Nationalists and Communists Communist Party Appeals to peasants in countryside Has support from Soviets Nationalist Party Defeated in 1949 2 million flee mainland China to Taiwan Chiang Kai-Shek Leader of Nationalists • Japan surrenders in 1945 • China on the side of the Allies • At Yalta, Stalin agreed to declare war against Japan in exchange for economic rights in Manchuria
- 4. After theCivil War 1949 - People’s Republic of China’s government signs an alliance with the USSR 1950’s - United States responds by expanding containment policies US allies with Japan, Australia, NZ, Thailand & the Philippines Creates long-term military bases for US in Pacific Korean War China allies with North Korean communist regime
- 5. Chairman Mao Established People’s Republic of China (PRC) after winning Chinese Civil War Leader of PRC from 1949 - 1976 Aligned with the USSR until Stalin’s death in 1953 Marxist Responsible for the “Great Leap Forward” economic program
- 6. Communist economicprogram 700,000 existing collective farms combined into 26,000 “communes” Each commune had ~30,000 people Group child care let 500,000 mothers work the fields “Hard work for a few years, happiness for a thousand” Goal: Classless society by the end of the century Fails due to bad weather & peasant anger 15 million people died from starvation
- 7. “Great ProletarianCultural Revolution” begins in 1966 Goal: “permanent revolution” to achieve classless society Return of Mao to absolute power after failure of Great Leap Forward Mao’s ideas are gathered into the Little Red Book Available everywhere, constantly quoted by Communists Almost a Chinese Communist bible Revolution enforced by “Red Guard” Young people who violently enforced Mao’s ideas
- 8. Eliminate the“Four Olds” Old ideas Old culture Old customs Old habits Enforce socialism, eliminate Capitalism Nationalism Bourgeoisie Cultural elements of society Criticize the old world and build a new world with Mao Zedong’s thought as a weapon
- 9. Re-education “Downto the countryside” movement Sent privileged urban youth to farming villages Idea: they would learn from workers and farmers Many sent right after graduating high school No opportunity to attend university Created a “lost generation” Some say this was used to re-educate some of the Red Guard (thus keeping them from continuing their reign of terror)
- 10. People’s Republic ofChina • Communist • Established in 1949 • Controls mainland China, Hong Kong & Macau • Commonly referred to as “China” Republic of China • Democratic • Established in 1911 • Controlled mainland China until losing the civil war • Since 1949, controls only Taiwan and neighboring islands • Commonly referred to as “Taiwan”
- 12. Politics People’sRepublic of China now “socialism with Chinese characteristics” or “red capitalism” Relationship with USSR weakened after Stalin’s death Argued over leadership of worldwide communist movement Richard Nixon becomes first US President to visit Communist China in 1972 Society Women have more rights More freedom for citizens: clothing, traditions One child policy
Editor's Notes
- #4 : supplies and surrendered Japanese weapons
- #6 Exploding cigars
- #7 Classless society = the final stage of communism
- #8 Red Guard responsible for carrying out the Revolution
- #9 Examples: red (color of the Communists) means “go” on a traffic light, street names changed to revolutionary names, attacks on foreigners, tearing down religious structures
- #10 Examples: red (color of the Communists) means “go” on a traffic light, street names changed to revolutionary names, attacks on foreigners, tearing down religious structures
- #13 Quarantine line 800 miles from Cuba, then pulled back to 500