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Communication skills
This document provides an overview of communication including: the introduction defines communication; the process includes ideas, sender, message, encoding, medium, channel, receiver, decoding, and feedback; features are that communication is continuous, universal, unavoidable, social, dynamic, selective, and purposeful. It also discusses models of communication, theories of communication, barriers to communication such as semantic, personal, organizational, emotional, physical, and cultural barriers. Finally, it provides ways to overcome communication barriers such as clarity of purpose, clarifying ideas, overcoming language differences, active listening, having an open mind, and attitude.
Advertising model
Wilbur Schramm introduced an influential model of communication that illustrated the importance of interpersonal communication. He is considered the father of communication studies. Schramm's model evolved over time, starting as a simple model of a message being sent from a source and encoded, then received and decoded at the destination. Later versions incorporated the idea that only shared experiences between parties can truly be communicated, and an even more advanced model viewed communication as an interactive process with feedback between both parties. Schramm made significant contributions to establishing the academic field of communication studies.
Barnlund Transactional Model
Barnlund's transactional model of communication was proposed in 1970 and presents a multi-layered feedback system where anyone can be a sender and receiver. It includes both verbal and non-verbal layers of feedback and is considered the most systematic of the functional models. The model accounts for public cues, private cues, behavioral cues, filters, noise and feedback in the communication process between sender and receiver.
Models of communication for MBA
The document discusses models of communication, which are conceptual models used to explain the human communication process. It describes some key models, including Aristotle's model which focused on the audience's role, and Berlo's SMCR model, which views communication as involving a source, message, channel, and receiver. The document also notes that information theory takes a mechanical approach focused on how clearly information is communicated, regardless of the content.
shannon and Weaver Communication Model
The document discusses the Shannon and Weaver model of communication. [1] It was developed by engineers Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver to maximize efficiency of communication channels like telephone cables. [2] The model views communication as a linear process involving an information source, transmitter, receiver, and destination with a message being sent through a channel. [3] While simple, it neglects feedback, the active role of receivers in interpreting meaning, and how context shapes communication.
Technical communication
This document discusses technical communication and communication models. It defines communication as the transmission of meaning between individuals or groups. Communication involves at least two parties and can be one-way or two-way. Several models of communication are described, including Laswell's model of who says what through which channel to whom, Shannon and Weaver's model of an information source, encoder, channel, decoder and destination, and Schramm's model emphasizing feedback between sender and receiver. Principles of effective communication include clarity, completeness, conciseness, concreteness, consideration, correctness and courtesy. Communication can be categorized by fields, contexts, modes and audiences.
Theories of Communication
This document defines communication and describes its key elements and processes. Communication is defined as the sharing of meaning between a sender and receiver. The linear and circular models of communication are described. Communication has elements including a sender, message, medium, receiver, feedback. Barriers to communication can occur at the encoding and decoding stages due to factors such as noise, culture, attitudes. Communication occurs at various levels from intrapersonal to societal. Different styles such as passive, assertive and aggressive are covered.
Models of communication
This document summarizes several models of communication, including:
- Aristotle's model involving a speaker, speech, and audience
- Shannon-Weaver's model adding a transmitter and receiver to Aristotle's model
- Berlo's model involving a source, encoder, message, channel, decoder, and receiver
- Schramm's model focusing on encoding and decoding signals
- Leagans' model involving a communicator, message, channel, treatment, audience, and response
- Rogers and Shoemaker's S-M-C-R-E model involving a source, message, channel, receiver, and effects
- Litterer's model involving selection, encoding, transmission, detection, decoding, and
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Communication skills
This document provides an overview of communication including: the introduction defines communication; the process includes ideas, sender, message, encoding, medium, channel, receiver, decoding, and feedback; features are that communication is continuous, universal, unavoidable, social, dynamic, selective, and purposeful. It also discusses models of communication, theories of communication, barriers to communication such as semantic, personal, organizational, emotional, physical, and cultural barriers. Finally, it provides ways to overcome communication barriers such as clarity of purpose, clarifying ideas, overcoming language differences, active listening, having an open mind, and attitude.
Advertising model
Wilbur Schramm introduced an influential model of communication that illustrated the importance of interpersonal communication. He is considered the father of communication studies. Schramm's model evolved over time, starting as a simple model of a message being sent from a source and encoded, then received and decoded at the destination. Later versions incorporated the idea that only shared experiences between parties can truly be communicated, and an even more advanced model viewed communication as an interactive process with feedback between both parties. Schramm made significant contributions to establishing the academic field of communication studies.
Barnlund Transactional Model
Barnlund's transactional model of communication was proposed in 1970 and presents a multi-layered feedback system where anyone can be a sender and receiver. It includes both verbal and non-verbal layers of feedback and is considered the most systematic of the functional models. The model accounts for public cues, private cues, behavioral cues, filters, noise and feedback in the communication process between sender and receiver.
Models of communication for MBA
The document discusses models of communication, which are conceptual models used to explain the human communication process. It describes some key models, including Aristotle's model which focused on the audience's role, and Berlo's SMCR model, which views communication as involving a source, message, channel, and receiver. The document also notes that information theory takes a mechanical approach focused on how clearly information is communicated, regardless of the content.
shannon and Weaver Communication Model
The document discusses the Shannon and Weaver model of communication. [1] It was developed by engineers Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver to maximize efficiency of communication channels like telephone cables. [2] The model views communication as a linear process involving an information source, transmitter, receiver, and destination with a message being sent through a channel. [3] While simple, it neglects feedback, the active role of receivers in interpreting meaning, and how context shapes communication.
Technical communication
This document discusses technical communication and communication models. It defines communication as the transmission of meaning between individuals or groups. Communication involves at least two parties and can be one-way or two-way. Several models of communication are described, including Laswell's model of who says what through which channel to whom, Shannon and Weaver's model of an information source, encoder, channel, decoder and destination, and Schramm's model emphasizing feedback between sender and receiver. Principles of effective communication include clarity, completeness, conciseness, concreteness, consideration, correctness and courtesy. Communication can be categorized by fields, contexts, modes and audiences.
Theories of Communication
This document defines communication and describes its key elements and processes. Communication is defined as the sharing of meaning between a sender and receiver. The linear and circular models of communication are described. Communication has elements including a sender, message, medium, receiver, feedback. Barriers to communication can occur at the encoding and decoding stages due to factors such as noise, culture, attitudes. Communication occurs at various levels from intrapersonal to societal. Different styles such as passive, assertive and aggressive are covered.
Models of communication
This document summarizes several models of communication, including:
- Aristotle's model involving a speaker, speech, and audience
- Shannon-Weaver's model adding a transmitter and receiver to Aristotle's model
- Berlo's model involving a source, encoder, message, channel, decoder, and receiver
- Schramm's model focusing on encoding and decoding signals
- Leagans' model involving a communicator, message, channel, treatment, audience, and response
- Rogers and Shoemaker's S-M-C-R-E model involving a source, message, channel, receiver, and effects
- Litterer's model involving selection, encoding, transmission, detection, decoding, and
Class 1
Theoretical models of communication aim to explain how communication works. Communication is defined as a dynamic process where people attempt to share internal states through symbols. It involves two personalities transmitting an object with suitability and purpose. Communication can be material, genetic, mental/psychic, or social. Models include Saussure's diagram separating encoding and decoding, Lasswell's model examining who says what through which channel to whom with what effect, and Shannon and Weaver's model framing communication as transmission of messages over a channel with noise.
3 models of communication
The document discusses several models of communication that were developed over time:
1) The earliest model was the "Continuous Loop Model" which depicted communication as a machine with feedback loops. It had flaws in assuming communication is always continuous.
2) Shannon and Weaver's 1949 model was more practical, studying phone conversations over 2 years. It depicted information sources, transmitters, receivers, noise sources, and feedback.
3) Berlo's late 1970s/early 1980s model tried to be all-inclusive but was never tested, so it is considered a "theory" rather than a true model. It depicted the roles of senders and receivers.
The relevance of models in communication research
Model is a very important tool in any communication research. It gives a simple description of a system or structure that is used to help people understand similar systems or structure. It becomes imperative that researchers be well guided on which model they used for a particular research. This paper therefore examines relevance of communication models. The paper considers models as tool to reduce stress that is often encountered by researchers in their research work. Researchers should therefore, use appropriate communication models when explaining phenomena.
Introduction to Communication
This document provides an introduction to communication and defines key concepts. It discusses communication as a process involving transmission of messages from a source to a receiver. Several communication models are described, including Lasswell's model focusing on who says what through which channel to whom with what effect, and Berlo's SMCR model outlining the source, message, channel and receiver. Barriers to communication and levels of communication from intrapersonal to interpersonal to mass communication are also covered. Mass media channels like radio, television and newspapers are examined along with their advantages and disadvantages for development communication. The document concludes with discussions on communication competence and references.
Primary model of communication ii-06.01.2021.pptx
The document discusses several primary models of communication:
1) The Linear Model proposed by Aristotle which views communication as one-way from the speaker to the passive audience.
2) The Transactional Model which sees communication as circular with feedback between parties.
3) The Interactional Model which focuses on the interactions between parties in a communication exchange.
It then provides more details on Aristotle's model and its elements, as well as other influential models like the Lasswell model, Shannon and Weaver's mathematical model, and Osgood and Schramm's circular model which introduced concepts like feedback and noise.
Communication theory
This document discusses the evolution of communication theory models from Aristotle's original linear model to more modern conceptualizations. Aristotle's model proposed a straightforward, one-way transmission of information from speaker to audience. Later models, like those developed by Shannon and Weaver, incorporated the concept of "noise" or interference. Structural models accounted for the relationship between sender and receiver, and how their interaction results in a cyclical communication process. The most influential current model focuses on how messages are encoded as "representations" of reality, and how understanding the cultural context helps the receiver connect with the message.
Bjmc i, cp, unit-ii, communication models 2
The Shannon-Weaver Model proposes that communication involves six key elements: a source, encoder, message, channel, decoder, and receiver. The model views communication as a linear process of transmitting a message from the sender to the receiver. It was initially developed with a technological focus on efficient information transmission but was later applied to human communication as well. However, the model is limited in that it does not account for the social and contextual factors that influence how meaning is constructed between communicators.
Western model of communication ii
The document discusses several models of communication:
1. The Lasswell model describes the basic elements of communication as the sender, message, and receiver. It also identifies the key questions of who says what through which channel to whom with what effect.
2. Shannon and Weaver's mathematical model focuses on signal transmission and introduced the concept of noise. It separates noise from the transmitter and identifies the core elements of information source, transmitter, channel, receiver, and destination.
3. The Osgood-Wilbur-Schramm model presents communication as a circular process where information is shared between parties and ends where it started. It introduces the concept of semantic noise that can occur when different meanings are assigned to the same
ITFT- MEDIA, Models of communication
Aristotle's classical model of communication focused on the roles of the speaker and audience in public speaking. Lasswell proposed a model to describe communication acts by answering who says what through which channel to whom with what effect. Shannon and Weaver's model illustrated communication as a linear process involving an information source, transmitter, receiver and destination. Berlo's SMCR model accounted for human variables like the source, message, channel and receiver. Newcomb's triangular model introduced the role of communication in maintaining equilibrium within a social system. Westley and McLean's model considered communication as beginning when a person responds selectively to their surroundings. Gerbner's model stressed the dynamic and selective nature of the communication process. Media dependency theory views audience
Communication-Based Influence Components Model
The document presents the Communication-Based Influence Components Model for describing and analyzing online behavioral interventions. The model was developed to address limitations of existing frameworks and taxonomies. It draws from communication theory, particularly the two-way communication model of Osgood and Schramm. The model structures interventions according to context, media channel, source, message, audience interpretation, and feedback. It was applied to analyze 32 online behavioral change interventions and proved a useful framework.
Communication in Library and Information Science by Dorcas Krubu
This document discusses communication models in library and information science. It describes the traditional linear model of communication and some of its limitations for LIS, including that it views communication as one-way and does not account for the importance of the receiver. The document then outlines several alternative models that place more emphasis on the receiver, including mass media models, user-centered models, and Rettig's model, which locates the library user at the center of the communication process.
Shannon and weaver model of communication
Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver were engineers at Bell Labs who developed a model of communication to maximize efficiency of telephone cables and radio waves. Their model included an information source, transmitter to encode a message, channel to transmit signals, receiver to decode the message, and destination to receive the message. Noise is a dysfunctional factor that can interfere with the message and reduce fidelity. The model helped establish a mathematical theory of communication and is considered foundational to the field.
Business Communication
The document defines communication as the transmission or exchange of ideas, views, messages, information, or instructions between two or more people through various means. It discusses different means of communication including spoken words, written words, diagrams, pictures, and gestures. The communication process is described as involving a sender encoding a message, transmitting it, receiving feedback, and the receiver decoding the message. Various types, forms, patterns, and examples of communication are also outlined.
Cybernetics Tradition
This document discusses the field of cybernetics, which is defined as the study of information processing, feedback, and control in communication systems. It outlines some of the key concepts in cybernetics, including that information reduces uncertainty while noise disrupts communication. The term "cybernetics" was coined by Norbert Wiener and was greatly influenced by Claude Shannon's work establishing it as the processing of information. Shannon's mathematical theory of communication is fundamental to cybernetics and identifies the goal of communication, differences between the goal and what is conveyed, and feedback.
Helical Model of Communication - Speech Communication
Frank Dance developed the helical model of communication which depicts communication as a non-linear, evolutionary process. The model is represented by a helix that continually grows and expands as communication moves forward while still being influenced by past interactions. Dance argued that as individuals communicate over time, their knowledge and abilities expand, similar to how a helix increases in size as it progresses. While abstract, the helical model illustrates how communication continuously builds on the past in an additive and accumulative manner.
Communication Models Presentation
The document discusses three models of communication:
1) The Continuous Loop Model is the earliest and simplest model, showing the basic parts of the communication process including sender, message, channels, receiver, and feedback. However, it assumes continuous communication.
2) The Shannon and Weaver Model was developed in 1949 based on a study of telephone conversations. It includes a sender, transmitter, receiver, noise, and how noise can alter the message.
3) Berlo's model was intended to be all-inclusive but was never tested. It is therefore considered a theory rather than a true model, showing elements like content, code, and characteristics of both the sender and receiver.
In line or out of control?
This document presents a theoretical framework for analyzing network-based discussion groups online. It discusses Niklas Luhmann's systems theory and Rafaelis's concept of interactivity as theoretical starting points. It proposes analyzing online discussions across three dimensions (semantic, temporal, personal/structural) and four levels (message, topic, person, thread) in a research matrix. Based on an literature review, it hypothesizes patterns of communicative progress in online discussions, such as a high proportion of unanswered messages and an unequal distribution of participant activity.
Business communication
The document discusses communication models that are used by organizations. It describes three main types of communication: written, oral, and non-verbal. Shannon's model from 1948 laid the foundation for modern communication models by illustrating how a message is transmitted from a sender to a receiver. Berlo's model stresses the relationship between the sender and receiver and their communication skills. Schramm's model shows how the sender and receiver take turns encoding and decoding messages during communication. Understanding these models can help organizations improve internal and external communication.
Models and theories
Models and theories of communication aim to represent the complex process of communication in simplified terms. Some key models discussed in the document include the linear model, Lasswell model, Shannon and Weaver model, Berlo's SMCR model, and Gerbner's model. These models visualize elements like sender, message, channel, receiver, feedback and context to explain how communication occurs and can be studied.
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This document discusses various aspects of communication including types, levels, networks, and technical communication. It covers formal and informal communication networks in organizations. Formal networks include chain, Y, wheel, circle, and all-around networks. Informal or "grapevine" networks include single strand, gossip, probability, and clusters. Technical communication in organizations can be oral like meetings or written like memos, letters, reports. The next topic will be technology in communication.
Models of communication18.08.2018
the PPT discusses about the types of models, Western models of Communication and its pros and cons...
Models of communication
This document discusses several models of communication including:
- The transmission model which views communication as a linear process of sending and receiving messages.
- The SMCR model which separates communication into distinct parts like sender, message, channel, and receiver.
- The transactional model which sees communication as an ongoing process of sending and receiving messages simultaneously.
- The constitutive model which focuses on how an individual communicates and how that determines message interpretation.
It also discusses concepts like speech acts, encoding/decoding, and theories of coregulation in communication.
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Class 1
Theoretical models of communication aim to explain how communication works. Communication is defined as a dynamic process where people attempt to share internal states through symbols. It involves two personalities transmitting an object with suitability and purpose. Communication can be material, genetic, mental/psychic, or social. Models include Saussure's diagram separating encoding and decoding, Lasswell's model examining who says what through which channel to whom with what effect, and Shannon and Weaver's model framing communication as transmission of messages over a channel with noise.
3 models of communication
The document discusses several models of communication that were developed over time:
1) The earliest model was the "Continuous Loop Model" which depicted communication as a machine with feedback loops. It had flaws in assuming communication is always continuous.
2) Shannon and Weaver's 1949 model was more practical, studying phone conversations over 2 years. It depicted information sources, transmitters, receivers, noise sources, and feedback.
3) Berlo's late 1970s/early 1980s model tried to be all-inclusive but was never tested, so it is considered a "theory" rather than a true model. It depicted the roles of senders and receivers.
The relevance of models in communication research
Model is a very important tool in any communication research. It gives a simple description of a system or structure that is used to help people understand similar systems or structure. It becomes imperative that researchers be well guided on which model they used for a particular research. This paper therefore examines relevance of communication models. The paper considers models as tool to reduce stress that is often encountered by researchers in their research work. Researchers should therefore, use appropriate communication models when explaining phenomena.
Introduction to Communication
This document provides an introduction to communication and defines key concepts. It discusses communication as a process involving transmission of messages from a source to a receiver. Several communication models are described, including Lasswell's model focusing on who says what through which channel to whom with what effect, and Berlo's SMCR model outlining the source, message, channel and receiver. Barriers to communication and levels of communication from intrapersonal to interpersonal to mass communication are also covered. Mass media channels like radio, television and newspapers are examined along with their advantages and disadvantages for development communication. The document concludes with discussions on communication competence and references.
Primary model of communication ii-06.01.2021.pptx
The document discusses several primary models of communication:
1) The Linear Model proposed by Aristotle which views communication as one-way from the speaker to the passive audience.
2) The Transactional Model which sees communication as circular with feedback between parties.
3) The Interactional Model which focuses on the interactions between parties in a communication exchange.
It then provides more details on Aristotle's model and its elements, as well as other influential models like the Lasswell model, Shannon and Weaver's mathematical model, and Osgood and Schramm's circular model which introduced concepts like feedback and noise.
Communication theory
This document discusses the evolution of communication theory models from Aristotle's original linear model to more modern conceptualizations. Aristotle's model proposed a straightforward, one-way transmission of information from speaker to audience. Later models, like those developed by Shannon and Weaver, incorporated the concept of "noise" or interference. Structural models accounted for the relationship between sender and receiver, and how their interaction results in a cyclical communication process. The most influential current model focuses on how messages are encoded as "representations" of reality, and how understanding the cultural context helps the receiver connect with the message.
Bjmc i, cp, unit-ii, communication models 2
The Shannon-Weaver Model proposes that communication involves six key elements: a source, encoder, message, channel, decoder, and receiver. The model views communication as a linear process of transmitting a message from the sender to the receiver. It was initially developed with a technological focus on efficient information transmission but was later applied to human communication as well. However, the model is limited in that it does not account for the social and contextual factors that influence how meaning is constructed between communicators.
Western model of communication ii
The document discusses several models of communication:
1. The Lasswell model describes the basic elements of communication as the sender, message, and receiver. It also identifies the key questions of who says what through which channel to whom with what effect.
2. Shannon and Weaver's mathematical model focuses on signal transmission and introduced the concept of noise. It separates noise from the transmitter and identifies the core elements of information source, transmitter, channel, receiver, and destination.
3. The Osgood-Wilbur-Schramm model presents communication as a circular process where information is shared between parties and ends where it started. It introduces the concept of semantic noise that can occur when different meanings are assigned to the same
ITFT- MEDIA, Models of communication
Aristotle's classical model of communication focused on the roles of the speaker and audience in public speaking. Lasswell proposed a model to describe communication acts by answering who says what through which channel to whom with what effect. Shannon and Weaver's model illustrated communication as a linear process involving an information source, transmitter, receiver and destination. Berlo's SMCR model accounted for human variables like the source, message, channel and receiver. Newcomb's triangular model introduced the role of communication in maintaining equilibrium within a social system. Westley and McLean's model considered communication as beginning when a person responds selectively to their surroundings. Gerbner's model stressed the dynamic and selective nature of the communication process. Media dependency theory views audience
Communication-Based Influence Components Model
The document presents the Communication-Based Influence Components Model for describing and analyzing online behavioral interventions. The model was developed to address limitations of existing frameworks and taxonomies. It draws from communication theory, particularly the two-way communication model of Osgood and Schramm. The model structures interventions according to context, media channel, source, message, audience interpretation, and feedback. It was applied to analyze 32 online behavioral change interventions and proved a useful framework.
Communication in Library and Information Science by Dorcas Krubu
This document discusses communication models in library and information science. It describes the traditional linear model of communication and some of its limitations for LIS, including that it views communication as one-way and does not account for the importance of the receiver. The document then outlines several alternative models that place more emphasis on the receiver, including mass media models, user-centered models, and Rettig's model, which locates the library user at the center of the communication process.
Shannon and weaver model of communication
Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver were engineers at Bell Labs who developed a model of communication to maximize efficiency of telephone cables and radio waves. Their model included an information source, transmitter to encode a message, channel to transmit signals, receiver to decode the message, and destination to receive the message. Noise is a dysfunctional factor that can interfere with the message and reduce fidelity. The model helped establish a mathematical theory of communication and is considered foundational to the field.
Business Communication
The document defines communication as the transmission or exchange of ideas, views, messages, information, or instructions between two or more people through various means. It discusses different means of communication including spoken words, written words, diagrams, pictures, and gestures. The communication process is described as involving a sender encoding a message, transmitting it, receiving feedback, and the receiver decoding the message. Various types, forms, patterns, and examples of communication are also outlined.
Cybernetics Tradition
This document discusses the field of cybernetics, which is defined as the study of information processing, feedback, and control in communication systems. It outlines some of the key concepts in cybernetics, including that information reduces uncertainty while noise disrupts communication. The term "cybernetics" was coined by Norbert Wiener and was greatly influenced by Claude Shannon's work establishing it as the processing of information. Shannon's mathematical theory of communication is fundamental to cybernetics and identifies the goal of communication, differences between the goal and what is conveyed, and feedback.
Helical Model of Communication - Speech Communication
Frank Dance developed the helical model of communication which depicts communication as a non-linear, evolutionary process. The model is represented by a helix that continually grows and expands as communication moves forward while still being influenced by past interactions. Dance argued that as individuals communicate over time, their knowledge and abilities expand, similar to how a helix increases in size as it progresses. While abstract, the helical model illustrates how communication continuously builds on the past in an additive and accumulative manner.
Communication Models Presentation
The document discusses three models of communication:
1) The Continuous Loop Model is the earliest and simplest model, showing the basic parts of the communication process including sender, message, channels, receiver, and feedback. However, it assumes continuous communication.
2) The Shannon and Weaver Model was developed in 1949 based on a study of telephone conversations. It includes a sender, transmitter, receiver, noise, and how noise can alter the message.
3) Berlo's model was intended to be all-inclusive but was never tested. It is therefore considered a theory rather than a true model, showing elements like content, code, and characteristics of both the sender and receiver.
In line or out of control?
This document presents a theoretical framework for analyzing network-based discussion groups online. It discusses Niklas Luhmann's systems theory and Rafaelis's concept of interactivity as theoretical starting points. It proposes analyzing online discussions across three dimensions (semantic, temporal, personal/structural) and four levels (message, topic, person, thread) in a research matrix. Based on an literature review, it hypothesizes patterns of communicative progress in online discussions, such as a high proportion of unanswered messages and an unequal distribution of participant activity.
Business communication
The document discusses communication models that are used by organizations. It describes three main types of communication: written, oral, and non-verbal. Shannon's model from 1948 laid the foundation for modern communication models by illustrating how a message is transmitted from a sender to a receiver. Berlo's model stresses the relationship between the sender and receiver and their communication skills. Schramm's model shows how the sender and receiver take turns encoding and decoding messages during communication. Understanding these models can help organizations improve internal and external communication.
Models and theories
Models and theories of communication aim to represent the complex process of communication in simplified terms. Some key models discussed in the document include the linear model, Lasswell model, Shannon and Weaver model, Berlo's SMCR model, and Gerbner's model. These models visualize elements like sender, message, channel, receiver, feedback and context to explain how communication occurs and can be studied.
01 communication skills and technical report writing (2)
This document discusses various aspects of communication including types, levels, networks, and technical communication. It covers formal and informal communication networks in organizations. Formal networks include chain, Y, wheel, circle, and all-around networks. Informal or "grapevine" networks include single strand, gossip, probability, and clusters. Technical communication in organizations can be oral like meetings or written like memos, letters, reports. The next topic will be technology in communication.
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This document discusses several models of communication including:
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- The SMCR model which separates communication into distinct parts like sender, message, channel, and receiver.
- The transactional model which sees communication as an ongoing process of sending and receiving messages simultaneously.
- The constitutive model which focuses on how an individual communicates and how that determines message interpretation.
It also discusses concepts like speech acts, encoding/decoding, and theories of coregulation in communication.
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- Non-linear models like Schramm's model which sees communication as reciprocal and Osgood-Schramm's model which substitutes "field of experience" with "personality".
- Gerbner's model acknowledges media's role in perceiving and communicating events and highlights gatekeeping.
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The document summarizes barriers to effective communication. It identifies physical barriers like noise and environmental factors. Semantic barriers occur due to ambiguous or unclear language. Socio-psychological barriers stem from human psychology like attitudes, opinions and emotions. Organizational barriers include distorted messages as they move up and down levels in organizations. Cross-cultural barriers arise from differences in language and customs between cultures. Choosing the wrong medium can also impede communication. The document provides suggestions for overcoming these barriers, such as ensuring clear transmission environments, understanding different cultural perspectives, and maintaining flexibility.
Communication: Channles, Models and Barriers of Communication
This document discusses communication channels, models, and barriers. It defines communication and describes its key elements - the source, message, channel, and receiver. Several linear and non-linear communication models are outlined, including the Shannon-Weaver model. Informal channels like conversations and formal channels like journals are described. The concept of an "invisible college" is explained as an early informal channel. Finally, barriers to communication encountered by communicators and recipients are summarized, such as language, costs, and availability of information.
L1 models of communication. edited2020
The document discusses several models of communication including linear, transactional, and interactive models. The linear model involves a one-way process from sender to receiver. Transactional models view communication as an exchange between parties who take turns sending and receiving messages. Interactive models depict a dynamic process where parties provide feedback and ideas are exchanged back and forth between sender and receiver. Key aspects of different models like feedback, encoding, decoding, noise, and roles of sender and receiver are compared. Examples are provided to illustrate concepts from various models including Shannon-Weaver, Barnlund's transactional, and Schramm's interactive models.
PC-GROUP1.pptx
This document provides an overview of communication in the 21st century. It defines communication and describes the main steps, including message composition, encoding, transmission, reception, decoding, and interpretation. It discusses models of communication, such as the Shannon-Weaver model. It also covers key topics like nonverbal vs verbal communication, feedback, elements of communication, principles of communication, and ethics in communication. Globalization has increased communication through a common language of World Englishes. Using culturally sensitive and bias-free language is important.
Models of communication
There are several models that describe the communication process:
- Linear models (like Lasswell's and Aristotle's) describe a one-way process from sender to receiver but lack feedback.
- Interactive models (like Schramm's) involve two-way communication between sender and receiver with feedback; overlap in their "fields of experience" facilitates understanding.
- Transactional models (like Barlund's) view communication as a simultaneous, circular process with sender and receiver exchanging roles; noise and interpretation affect the message exchange.
- Shannon-Weaver focused on quantifying communication and introduced the concept of "noise" disrupting the message transmission from sender to receiver.
Models and types of communication.pptx
The document discusses various models of communication that have been developed by theorists over time to better understand and explain the communication process. It covers linear models, which depict one-way communication, interactive models, which involve two-way communication without immediate feedback, and transactional models, which explain direct personal communication with two-way feedback. Key models described include Aristotle's model, Lasswell's model, Shannon-Weaver model, Berlo's S-M-C-R model, Osgood-Schramm model, Westley and Maclean model, Barnlund's transactional model, and Dance's helical model. The document analyzes the pros and cons of different model types and how they can help with
Fundamentals of Communication.pptx
This document provides an introduction to the fundamentals of communication. It begins with an introduction explaining the importance of communication skills. The objectives of the module are then outlined, including defining communication, explaining the communication process and models, and examining oral communication activities. The document proceeds to define communication and outline its key features and functions. It describes the elements and process of communication, including the sender, message, encoding, channel, receiver, decoding, context, barriers and feedback. Three models of communication are explained: linear models, transactional models, and interactive models. Examples of specific models like Aristotle's, Berlo's, and Shannon-Weaver are provided.
Comm systems mod1
The document discusses the interdisciplinary nature of communication studies, drawing from fields like psychology, sociology, and political science. It introduces two models of communication - the Laswell model which focuses on who says what through which channel to whom with what effect, and the Schramm model which emphasizes the processes of encoding, interpreting, and decoding messages. The document also outlines some key elements of communication systems like messages, language, channels and context. It states the course objectives are seeking understanding of communication concepts and an inoculation against misuses of communication like propaganda and hate speech.
Application Of Theories And Models To Strengthen Human.pptx
This document discusses various theories and models of communication. It begins by defining communication and listing its core elements. It then examines several linear models of communication, including Aristotle's model, Laswell's model, and the Shannon-Weaver model. Interactive models like the Osgood-Schramm model and Westley and Maclean model are also analyzed. These models incorporate feedback and view communication as reciprocal. Transactional models see communication as a cooperative process where parties co-create meaning through encoding, decoding, and interpretation within social, cultural, and relational contexts. Barnlund's transactional model specifically emphasizes the role of cues and environmental factors.
Scientific Method and Models of Mass Communication Research: By Abid Zafar Ms...
Scientific Method and Models of Mass Communication Research: By Abid Zafar Ms...International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Resume
Abid Zafar
PERSONAL DETAILS
DOB June 04, 1989
Email aabidzafarwarraich@gmail.com
Phone 0322 570 66 59
Address Chandni Chowk, Jalal Pur Jattan, Gujrat, Pakistan.
PROFILE
An enthusiastic individual I approach tasks with results in mind. I am well organized and I can work well as part of a team or on my own. I like completing things on time, and making sure that I keep learning how to do things well and quickly.
EDUCATION
M. Phil Media & Communication Studies Continues… (2014-2016)
International Islamic University Islamabad
MA Mass Communication & Media CGPA: 3.90/4.00 (2013)
University of Gujrat
Published Dissertation: “Comparative Analysis of Political Parties’ News and Advertisements Coverage of National Urdu Dailies Regarding Election 2013” ISBN 978-3-659-52287-1
B.ED Division 1st (2013-2014)
Alama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad
BA Political Science Division: 2nd (2011)
University of Gujrat
Diploma of Associate Engineering Division: 1st (2008)
(3-Year Diploma: Mechanical), Government Institute of Technology, Gujranwala.
Matriculation (Science) Division: 1st (2005)
Government Islamia High School, Jalal Pur Jattan, Gujrat
WORK EXPERIENCE
Worked as Reporter and Sub-editor in Online International Network from July 1, 2012 to August 31, 2012 Worked as Producer, Host and Reporter at FM- 106.6 from 21th November, 2012 to 25th May, 2013 I have great approach at Online Journalism, attended many seminars I have great experience of producing audio and video documentaries, news bulletins, features, Reports in two years Masters Degree Vast experience of writing, editing News stories, Columns, Features, Investigative reports I have great experience of Social Science Research where I got A+ in Final Thesis Regular Blogger
KEY STRENGTHS & SKILLS
I have great approach of Qualitative and Qualitative Research Methods I have great skills of writing Thesis and Research Papers I have great skills of Investigative Reporting I have skills about reporting and sub-editing in English journalism where I have reported number of seminars, National and International politicians, personalities and celebrities I have great skills of script writing, News stories, Investigative Reports, Online Journalism, Feature & columns writing I have multidimensional skills in the field of Mass Communication & Media where I got 3.90 CGPA out of 4.00, which presents my passions in this field Regular Bloggers I have great leadership abilities where I represent my class in two years Masters Degree President of Readers Club, which was about to improve reading and writing habits, conducted many seminar under my presidency
I am a great communicator, host many seminars, workshops and functions at university level I have great teaching skills where my teachers suggest me to join teaching as a profession I am a gcommunication
This document presents an overview of several models of communication including Aristotle's model consisting of a speaker, speech, and audience. Shannon's and Weaver's model from 1949 adds a transmitter that sends the message and a receiver that receives it. Berlo's 1960 model includes elements of an encoder, message, channel, decoder, and receiver. J.P. Leagans' 1963 model consists of a communicator, message, channel, treatment of the message according to the audience, the audience, and audience response. Rogers and Shoemaker's 1971 model outlines a source, message, channel, receiver, and effects of the message on the receiver.
Communication
The document provides a summary and critique of the transmission model of communication developed by Shannon and Weaver in 1949. It outlines the key elements of their model, which conceptualizes communication as involving an information source, transmitter, receiver, and destination. However, the document argues this model has many weaknesses, such as being too simplistic, linear, focused on content over meaning, and neglecting context, relationships, purposes, and the interpretive role of receivers. While the model was influential, it provides a misleading representation of human communication.
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Communication.pptx
- 1. PRESENTATION ON COMMUNICATION Name- JASARAT Roll N0.- 1525110183 Class- BCA 2nd year(3rd sem) Subminted To- SHIVAM SIR
- 2. CONTENTS Introduction of communication Process of communication Features of communication Models of communication Theories of communication Communication barriers To overcome the barriers of communication
- 3. INTRODUCTION OF COMMUNICATION The word ‘’communication’’ in english has been derived from latin word ‘’communis’’ which means to makes common. The communication is a common understanding of ideas, thoughts and informations through minds of the sender to the receiver.
- 4. PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION Ideas Sender Message Encoding Medium Channel Receiver Decoding Feedback
- 5. FEATURES OF COMMUNICATION Continuous process Universal Unavoidable Social process Dynamic process Selective purposeful
- 6. MODELS OF COMMUNICATION Shannon-Weaver Model Schramm’s Model Berlo’s Model Murphy’s Model Katz- Lazarsfeld Model westley-Maclean Model
- 7. THEORIES OF COMMUNICATION Sender’s Theory Channel Theory Information Theory Transaction Theory Perception Theory Modern Theory
- 8. COMMUNICATION BARRIERS Semantic or language barriers Personal barriers Organisational barriers Emotional or perception barriers Physical barriers Cultural barriers
- 9. LANGUAGE BARRIERS Language barriers are those barriers that are related to language. Language barriers are concerned with the problems in the process of encoding and decoding the message into
- 10. PERSONAL BARRIERS Personal barriers are personally connected with the sender and the reciever. Personal barriers are related to superiors and the subordinates..
- 11. ORGANISATIONAL BARRIERS Organisational barriers arise at the organizational level where communication is affected at the employee level.
- 12. EMOTIONAL BARRIERS Emotional barriers are related to the mental condition of both the parties.
- 13. PHYSICAL BARRIERS Physical barriers are those barriers which are concerned with the external environment of the sender and the receiver.
- 14. CULTURAL BARRIERS Communication is largely affected by differing cultures of the communicators. Same language, words, signs and symbols have different meanings in different cultures.
- 15. TO OVER THE BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION Clarity of purpose Clarifying the ideas Overcoming differences in language Active listening Have an open mind Attitude