This document discusses smart grids and communication technologies for smart metering. It describes how smart grids use two-way digital communication to control appliances and save energy. Smart meters are an initial component of smart grids. The document then discusses various communication network topologies used in smart grids, including ZigBee protocols for home area networks. It highlights the benefits of ZigBee such as low cost, reliability, and interoperability standards. Finally, it provides background on Powrtec Energy, an Indian smart metering company associated with a US-based smart grid technology pioneer.