this slide shows what is smart grid ,its comparison between the electromechanical grids . smart meters and devises for the smart grid . benefit of smart grid . and a conclution
this slide shows what is smart grid ,its comparison between the electromechanical grids . smart meters and devises for the smart grid . benefit of smart grid . and a conclution
Smart grid will become the next-generation electrical power system to provide reliable, efficient, secure, and cost-effective energy generation, distribution, and consumption. To achieve these goals, communications infrastructure and wireless networking will play an important role in supporting data transfer and information exchange in smart grid. There has been a desire for a long time to increase the efficiency of the way in which power is generated and delivered to customers. The technology currently in use by the grid is outdated and in many cases unreliable. There have been three major blackouts in the past ten years. The old technology leads to n systems, costing unnecessary money to the utilities, consumers, and taxpayers.
To upgrade the grid, and to operate an improved grid, will require significant dependence on distributed intelligence and communication capabilities. To address the challenges of the existing power grid, the new concept of smart grid has emerged. The smart grid can be considered as a modern electric power grid infrastructure for enhanced efficiency and reliability through automated control, high-power converters, modern communications infrastructure, sensing and metering technologies, and modern energy management techniques based on the optimization of demand, energy and network availability ,and so on. For the system, we explore various failure protection mechanisms which improve the reliability of the Smart Grid, and explore the security and privacy issues in the Smart Grid. .
Smart Grid Data Centers Distributed & ICTs Sustainability on Generation Energ...IJMTST Journal
Smart grid has modernized the way electricity is generated, transported, distributed, and consumed by integrating advanced sensing, communications, and control in the day-to-day operation of the grid. Electricity is a core utility for the functioning of society and for the services provided by information and communication technologies(ICTs). Several concepts of the smart grid, such as dynamic pricing, distributed generation, and demand management, have significantly impacted the operation of ICT services, in particular, communication networks and data centers. Ongoing energy-efficiency and operational expenditures reduction efforts in communication networks and data center shave gained another dimension with those smart grid concepts. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey on the smart grid-driven approaches in energy-efficient communications and data centers, and the interaction between smart grid and information and communication infrastructures. Although the studies on smart grid, energy-efficient communications, and green data centers have been separately surveyed in previous studies, to this end, research that falls in the intersection of those fields has not been properly classified and surveyed yet. We start our survey by providing background information on the smart grid and continue with surveying smart grid-driven approaches in energy-efficient communication systems, followed by energy, cost and emission minimizing approaches in datacenters, and the corresponding cloud network infrastructure. Through a communication infrastructure, a smart grid can improve power reliability and quality to eliminate electricity blackout.
Loss Minimization through Smart Grid in Indian Power Systeminventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Smart Grid The Role of Electricity Infrastructure in Reducing Greenhouse Gas ...Gruene-it.org
Most of the world’s electricity system was built when primary energy was relatively inexpensive. Grid reliability was mainly ensured by having excess capacity in the system, with unidirectional electricity flow to consumers from centrally dispatched power plants. Investments in the electric system were made to meet increasing demand—not to change fundamentally the way the system works.
What is a Smart Grid?
The Smart Grid Enables the ElectriNetSM
Local Energy Networks
Electric Transportation
Low-Carbon Central Generation
What Should Be the Attributes of the Smart Grid?
Why Do We Need a Smart Grid?
Is the Smart Grid a “Green Grid”?
Alternative Views of a Smart Grid
On Going research on Problems Faced In smart grid in general. Yet Work is in progress Just a light notes on General issues in smart grid, Technically work is to be on target in smart grid.
January 2024. A Smart Grid is an electrical grid that utilizes advanced communication monitoring and control technologies to optimize energy efficiency, reliability, and environmental sustainability. Smart grid technologies enables the effective management and distribution of renewable energy sources. By leveraging the Internet of Things (IoT), a smart grid connects a variety of energy sources to the electricity grid.
Demand for electricity is expected to rise as a result of the clean energy transition, urban expansion, and population growth. Smart grid technologies can meet the increased demand by making the grids more efficient, reliable, and resilient. A smart meter is an electronic device that provides detailed consumption data including smart grid status. Smart meter use encourages better energy habits, reduces electricity bills, and improves Quality of Service (QoS).
Compared to conventional grids, smart grids offer many benefits such as emissions and pollution reduction, health and wellbeing improvement, new job creation, and saving on energy, resources, and waste management costs.
However, smart grid adoption faces some challenges, such as privacy issues concerning consumer's usage data and personal information. In addition, smart grids are vulnerable to cyberattacks because they are always connected to the network.
Smart grid technologies include Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), Demand Response (DR), Wide-Area Situational Awareness (WASA), Distributed Energy Resources (DER), and Distribution Management System (DMS). The smart grid value chain includes generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption.
Policy wise, in 2015, the Global Energy Interconnection (GEI) initiative was launched to develop interconnected grids for the transmission and consumption of clean, renewable energy worldwide. GEI is coordinated by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA) and the Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization (GEIDCO). GEI directly supports Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7 and 9.
In this slideshow, you will learn about the definition, benefits, challenges, technologies, value chain, UN policy, and global statistics of smart grid utilization. For more slideshows on environmental sustainability, please visit s2adesign.com
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
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Smart grid will become the next-generation electrical power system to provide reliable, efficient, secure, and cost-effective energy generation, distribution, and consumption. To achieve these goals, communications infrastructure and wireless networking will play an important role in supporting data transfer and information exchange in smart grid. There has been a desire for a long time to increase the efficiency of the way in which power is generated and delivered to customers. The technology currently in use by the grid is outdated and in many cases unreliable. There have been three major blackouts in the past ten years. The old technology leads to n systems, costing unnecessary money to the utilities, consumers, and taxpayers.
To upgrade the grid, and to operate an improved grid, will require significant dependence on distributed intelligence and communication capabilities. To address the challenges of the existing power grid, the new concept of smart grid has emerged. The smart grid can be considered as a modern electric power grid infrastructure for enhanced efficiency and reliability through automated control, high-power converters, modern communications infrastructure, sensing and metering technologies, and modern energy management techniques based on the optimization of demand, energy and network availability ,and so on. For the system, we explore various failure protection mechanisms which improve the reliability of the Smart Grid, and explore the security and privacy issues in the Smart Grid. .
Smart Grid Data Centers Distributed & ICTs Sustainability on Generation Energ...IJMTST Journal
Smart grid has modernized the way electricity is generated, transported, distributed, and consumed by integrating advanced sensing, communications, and control in the day-to-day operation of the grid. Electricity is a core utility for the functioning of society and for the services provided by information and communication technologies(ICTs). Several concepts of the smart grid, such as dynamic pricing, distributed generation, and demand management, have significantly impacted the operation of ICT services, in particular, communication networks and data centers. Ongoing energy-efficiency and operational expenditures reduction efforts in communication networks and data center shave gained another dimension with those smart grid concepts. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey on the smart grid-driven approaches in energy-efficient communications and data centers, and the interaction between smart grid and information and communication infrastructures. Although the studies on smart grid, energy-efficient communications, and green data centers have been separately surveyed in previous studies, to this end, research that falls in the intersection of those fields has not been properly classified and surveyed yet. We start our survey by providing background information on the smart grid and continue with surveying smart grid-driven approaches in energy-efficient communication systems, followed by energy, cost and emission minimizing approaches in datacenters, and the corresponding cloud network infrastructure. Through a communication infrastructure, a smart grid can improve power reliability and quality to eliminate electricity blackout.
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International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Smart Grid The Role of Electricity Infrastructure in Reducing Greenhouse Gas ...Gruene-it.org
Most of the world’s electricity system was built when primary energy was relatively inexpensive. Grid reliability was mainly ensured by having excess capacity in the system, with unidirectional electricity flow to consumers from centrally dispatched power plants. Investments in the electric system were made to meet increasing demand—not to change fundamentally the way the system works.
What is a Smart Grid?
The Smart Grid Enables the ElectriNetSM
Local Energy Networks
Electric Transportation
Low-Carbon Central Generation
What Should Be the Attributes of the Smart Grid?
Why Do We Need a Smart Grid?
Is the Smart Grid a “Green Grid”?
Alternative Views of a Smart Grid
On Going research on Problems Faced In smart grid in general. Yet Work is in progress Just a light notes on General issues in smart grid, Technically work is to be on target in smart grid.
January 2024. A Smart Grid is an electrical grid that utilizes advanced communication monitoring and control technologies to optimize energy efficiency, reliability, and environmental sustainability. Smart grid technologies enables the effective management and distribution of renewable energy sources. By leveraging the Internet of Things (IoT), a smart grid connects a variety of energy sources to the electricity grid.
Demand for electricity is expected to rise as a result of the clean energy transition, urban expansion, and population growth. Smart grid technologies can meet the increased demand by making the grids more efficient, reliable, and resilient. A smart meter is an electronic device that provides detailed consumption data including smart grid status. Smart meter use encourages better energy habits, reduces electricity bills, and improves Quality of Service (QoS).
Compared to conventional grids, smart grids offer many benefits such as emissions and pollution reduction, health and wellbeing improvement, new job creation, and saving on energy, resources, and waste management costs.
However, smart grid adoption faces some challenges, such as privacy issues concerning consumer's usage data and personal information. In addition, smart grids are vulnerable to cyberattacks because they are always connected to the network.
Smart grid technologies include Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), Demand Response (DR), Wide-Area Situational Awareness (WASA), Distributed Energy Resources (DER), and Distribution Management System (DMS). The smart grid value chain includes generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption.
Policy wise, in 2015, the Global Energy Interconnection (GEI) initiative was launched to develop interconnected grids for the transmission and consumption of clean, renewable energy worldwide. GEI is coordinated by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA) and the Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization (GEIDCO). GEI directly supports Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7 and 9.
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What is a Smart Grid_ What are the Major Smart Grid Technologies_.pdf
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Home Blog What is a Smart Grid? What are the Major Smart Grid Technologies?
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What is a Smart Grid? What are the
Major Smart Grid Technologies?
06 June 2022
th
A smart grid (SG) is a modern electric grid with a two-way flow of electricity and data between
power utilities and consumers. Unlike a conventional electric grid, a smart grid is a digital
technology-based electricity network driven by automation, communication, and connectivity.
Imagine a resilient electric grid better equipped to manage varying energy demands and
better prepared to handle energy emergencies because of the intelligent two-way interactive
capacity.
The rise of the smart grid is due to its potential to improve grid resilience, energy
independence, and reliability, among other factors. Across the world, digital technology-
enabled grids are driving smarter resource use and helping consumers, as well as power
industry stakeholders reduce costs, save energy, and make better energy usage decisions.
A smart grid is a vital component of the global energy transition because a smart grid helps
in providing clean energy and sustaining long-term economic growth while enabling us to
achieve our carbon emission reduction goals.
Let us learn more about a smart grid and understand the future of the smart grid in detail.
2. 2/28/23, 12:03 PM What is a Smart Grid? What are the Major Smart Grid Technologies?
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Table of Contents
What is a Smart Grid?
How Does a Smart Grid Work?
Components of a Smart Grid
Smart Grid Technologies
Traditional Electricity Grid vs. Smart Grid
Benefits of a Smart Grid
Challenges in Deploying a Smart Grid
What Does the Future Look Like for a Smart Grid?
Wrapping Up
What is a Smart Grid?
Generally, a grid is an electricity network that delivers electricity from producers to
consumers. Also known as a “power grid” or an “electrical grid,” a grid consists of a combined
transmission and distribution network with a multitude of high-voltage transmission lines and
local distribution lines.
However, a smart grid is an advanced electric grid that uses communication, automation, and
IT systems to oversee power flows from points of generation to points of consumption.
An average family uses electricity for a variety of household purposes, including cooking,
heating, refrigeration, lighting, and EV (electric vehicle) charging. But a conventional power
grid is not equipped with advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) to track electricity usage or
measure electricity consumption.
Moreover, time-consuming and unreliable energy management processes are not ideal for
dealing with an electrical power outage and electricity network-related problems.
Governments, utility companies, power plant owners, electricity distribution companies
(DISCOMs), and other smart grid industry stakeholders benefit from smart grid development
and deployment for streamlining grid operations and maximizing grid-friendly and consumer-
friendly energy use.
How Does a Smart Grid Work?
The transition to a low-carbon economy is made easier by an energy-efficient and eco-friendly
grid such as a smart grid.
A smart grid connects every component of the electricity grid across various stages—from
power generation, transmission, storage, and distribution to electricity consumption.
Integrating each device on a “plug & play” basis creates an integrated data and energy grid.
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In the event of an outage or equipment failure, a smart grid can automatically reroute
electricity due to its two-way interactivity. For example, identifying and isolating an outage
prevents a large-scale and prolonged blackout.
Compared to a conventional grid, a smart grid enables consumer participation at a deeper
level and a quicker demand response (DR).
Let’s see how a smart grid works:
What Is the Smart Grid?
What Is the Smart Grid?
A smart grid uses smart metering to identify, measure, and transmit the energy consumption
details of homes, businesses, etc. Enabling direct communication with a utility company
eliminates the practice of estimated bills. So, no more surprises on electric bills!
Components of a Smart Grid
A smart grid can connect millions of transmission lines to deliver electricity to an entire
country. Individual components work together within the smart grid architecture to increase
grid efficiency, reliability, resiliency, and stability. Furthermore, the modernized smart grid
promotes consumer control and cost savings through holistic grid management.
The use of embedded systems in a smart grid allows the processing of information and
communication between a wide variety of applications.
The main components of a smart grid are:
Cables
Circuit breakers
Collector nodes
Controllers
Distribution and transmission lines and control centers
Electric power generators
4. 2/28/23, 12:03 PM What is a Smart Grid? What are the Major Smart Grid Technologies?
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Electric power substations
Smart meters (SMs)
Smart Grid Technologies
A smart grid uses a broad range of technologies and communication networks to better
manage power generation, transmission, and distribution, and empower customers with real-
time control.
Major Smart Grid Technologies
Here are the major smart grid technologies that enable better energy management, optimize
capability utilization, and improve the overall performance of smart grids.
Advanced Demand Forecasting
Advanced demand forecasting leverages data analytics and machine learning (ML)
techniques and generates forecasting reports using autoregressive integrated moving
average (ARIMA) and other statistical techniques.
As an essential component of smart grid management, ARIMA forecasting predicts annual
electricity consumption and hourly electricity prices.
ARIMA forecasting also provides an additional layer of verification to detect cyber intrusion
attacks on smart meters deployed to measure the electricity consumption of residential and
non-residential consumers.
Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)
Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is an integrated system of communication networks,
data management systems, and smart meters that helps improve customer service and
energy efficiency and manage costs effectively.
By enabling two-way communication with the customers and the utilities, AMI provides a
smart grid with a broad range of benefits, such as consumption forecast, effective cash
collection and theft detection, fault and outage detection, loss measurements, and time-
based pricing.
Big Data
Smart grid data has three core aspects, i.e., high velocity, large volume, and a wide variety.
Handling a large volume of data on time with limited resources is a major challenge for a
smart grid. This is where big data analytics can play a crucial role in increasing asset
utilization, efficiency, system reliability and stability, and enhancing customer satisfaction.
Without smart grid big data analytics, it is impractical to assess petabytes of data produced
by smart grid devices. Big data captures and analyzes unstructured data from different
endpoints in a smart grid.
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In addition, big data facilitates efficient cost reduction, resource distribution, and better
customer service.
Distributed Energy Resources (DERs)
Distributed energy resources (DERs) provide energy and enhance local reliability while
improving grid stability and on-site fuel utilization.
DERs include electric vehicles, solar panels, small natural gas-fueled generators, and
controllable loads, such as electric water heaters and HVAC systems.
Successful DER integration improves the service quality and reliability of a grid. For example,
photovoltaic systems (PVs) use the photovoltaic effect to convert sunlight into electricity that
is then converted by an inverter into alternating current. The main benefit of using PVs is
lower utility bills from reduced grid-provided electricity.
Non-intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM)
Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) or non-intrusive appliance load monitoring (NIALM)
identifies the individual energy consumption of households and industrial facilities.
Breaking down the aggregate energy consumption (of active appliances) into components
and providing diagnostic information is useful for identifying energy-consuming or
malfunctioning appliances.
Furthermore, consumers can schedule the most cost-effective time to use energy-intensive
appliances and monitor and manage energy expenses according to their power consumption.
Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G)
Also known as vehicle-grid integration (VGI), vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology transfers
unused power from a vehicle into the smart grid. An electric vehicle (EV) battery is a cost-
efficient form of energy storage.
V2G helps balance electricity consumption spikes and reduce overload on the power grid
during peak hours.
For example, V2G can feed energy (unused battery capacity) back to the power grid from an
electric car’s battery to improve grid stability and maximize the benefits of renewable energy.
Established and Emerging Smart Grid Communication
Networks
HAN
A smart meter provides power to household appliances through the home area network
(HAN) that uses various technologies like Bluetooth, Wireless Ethernet or Wired Ethernet, and
Zigbee. HAN connects home appliances with the smart meter that identifies power
consumption and sends the consumption details to the server for billing.
6. 2/28/23, 12:03 PM What is a Smart Grid? What are the Major Smart Grid Technologies?
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NAN
A neighborhood area network (NAN) is an outdoor access network that connects distribution
automation devices and smart meters to WAN gateways like RF (radio frequency) collectors
and field devices (such as intelligent electronic devices (IEDs)). NAN enables data collection
from customers and supports WAN-premise area communication.
WAN
A wide area network (WAN) uses fiber optics, 3G/LTE (Long Term Evolution)/GSM (Global
System for Mobile Communication), or WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave
Access) for communication between a smart meter, suppliers, and the utility server. A smart
meter sends notifications it receives (via HAN) from the devices to the suppliers using WAN.
LoRaWAN
As a widely used IoT (Internet of Things) technology, LoRa (long range) is a long-range, low-
power wireless platform ideal for diverse applications, such as energy management,
infrastructure efficiency, and disaster prevention.
Smart electricity metering solutions and smart grid networks based on the LoRaWAN® (Long
Range Wide Area Network) network protocol can better understand power demand, easily
detect power outages, enhance connectivity, and identify underperforming assets.
Moreover, LoRaWAN is compatible with worldwide networks and ensures interference-free
transmission to read heat meter consumption data remotely.
Traditional Electricity Grid vs. Smart Grid
Over the years, centralized electricity generation from power plants has gradually transitioned
toward a distributed energy resource for adapting to a dynamic energy industry and elevating
the energy experience for consumers.
The need to update the traditional electricity grid to a smart grid stemmed from several
reasons, such as:
Availability of more renewable energy and connected technologies
Deregulation of the energy market
Electricity production changes
Growth of electric vehicles
Metering evolution
Need for remote grid management
Renewable energy directives
Rise of microgeneration and isolated microgrids
The advent of the prosumer (one who produces, consumes, shares, and sells energy)
Let us look at the key differences between a traditional electricity grid and a smart grid:
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Traditional Electricity Grid Smart Grid
• Electromechanical system • Digital smart grid system
• Unidirectional information/power flow ( one-way communication) • Bidirectional information/power flow (two-way communication)
• Centralized power generation • Distributed power generation
• Radial grid topology • Network grid topology
• Manual monitoring (no real-time monitoring) • Comprehensive real
-time monitoring
• Manual restoration during outage recovery • Self-reconfiguration (self-healing) during outage recovery
• A utility company has total control. • Customer participation is better and more.
• There is a higher risk of blackouts and failures.
• Lower risk of power outages due to the adaptive and islanding
properties.
• Absence of energy storage • Good scope for energy storage
• Slow response time • Quick response time
• Low sensor deployment • High sensor deployment (full grid sensor layout)
• Low energy efficiency • High energy efficiency
• Minimal RER (renewable energy resource) integration • Large-scale RER integration
• Less environmentally friendly • More environmentally friendly
• Few user options • More user options
Source: Blackridge Research & Consulting
Key Differences Between a Traditional Electricity Grid and a Smart Grid
Benefits of a Smart Grid
Monitoring and optimizing the interlinked components of an energy system are essential to
ensure a reliable and efficient power supply while reducing energy consumption and costs.
How does a smart grid improve the efficiency and reliability of an energy system? A smart
grid uses “smart meters” to minimize energy waste and maximize energy use.
Smart meters or smart measurement systems are replacing conventional electricity meters.
Smart meters help in calculating the power generation, recording voltage failures, and
providing grid operators with actionable data.
Smart Meter Benefits
A smart meter can:
Decrease grid load by reducing the demand for electricity during peak periods.
Offer better flexibility to consumers in leveraging account plans and “customized” tariffs.
Provide greater network reliability by using grid capacity effectively.
Provide visual feedback on consumption or power usage patterns to help consumers save
on electricity costs.
Additional Benefits of a Smart Grid
Integrating established power technology with advanced analytics, automation technologies,
and smart devices empowers a smart grid to respond faster to consumer demand and
potential electrical network incidents.
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A smart grid provides additional benefits, such as:
Detect fraud and electrical network faults early for incident prevention
Enable utilities to regulate electricity usage and lower operating costs
Increase the safety of grid staff and suppliers
Initiate a timely demand response (DR) to reduce the strain on power companies
Prevent electricity theft through meter tampering
Recognize the maintenance requirements of networked assets
Reduce pollutant emissions like CO2, NO2, and SO2
Challenges in Deploying a Smart Grid
Smart grid deployment is not without its challenges. Some of the significant challenges in
installing and maintaining a smart grid include:
Timing Synchronization
Precision timing synchronization is crucial for real-time measurement and control (within and
across substations), fault detection and location, system stability maintenance, etc. If not
addressed properly, timing discontinuities have a major impact on grid efficiency and
flexibility.
Multicast Tree Delay
Smart grid wide area control systems (WACS) require real-time data communications support
with low latency. It is necessary to identify the multicast tree with a minimum end-to-end
transmission delay of command and control (C & C) messages to remote devices.
Interoperability
Communication stack and protocol heterogeneity can lead to interoperability issues between
applications, devices, and systems. Successful interoperability is a must to make end-to-end
secure communication possible and leverage existing grid network infrastructure.
Malicious Code Infection
A communication-enabled smart grid can be compromised physically or remotely by a
malicious code infection. In addition, non-tamper-resistant SG devices are subject to the risk
of getting easily compromised (physically).
Remote Deployment Safety
Smart grid devices deployed at a large scale in remote places are easily accessible with no
physical perimeter protection. Robust SG security solutions are mandatory to prevent
tampering with the SG devices.
Resource Constraints
Limited resources prove to be a major drawback during the massive deployment of smart grid
solutions, especially security solutions based on public-key cryptography (PKI).
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Other challenges in smart grid installations comprise the criticality of data delivery,
impersonation (identify spoofing), data tampering, and low accessibility to electricity in
underdeveloped nations.
However, advancements in smart grid technology are facilitating the inclusion of vital security
features, such as authentication, authorization and control access, confidentiality, data
integrity, and end user’s privacy.
In addition, smart grid data protection and standardization are also gaining momentum in
keeping with the legal framework applicable for individual projects.
What Does the Future Look Like for a Smart
Grid?
The future outlook looks bright for a smart grid. According to Blackridge Research &
Consulting, the global smart grid market
(https://www.blackridgeresearch.com/reports/global-smart-grid-market) is expected to grow
at a CAGR of 15.5% during the forecast period 2022–2028.
The requirement for a smart grid is going to get bigger with key drivers, such as:
Accelerating demand for power system reliability and resiliency
Booming renewable energy sources (such as solar power) market
Growing R&D in smart grid technologies and usage of smart appliances
Increasing concerns about environmental protection
Increasing customer choice and participation
Rising global power consumption and electrification of various sectors
Soaring investments in smart grid infrastructure (in different countries, including China,
Europe, and the United States)
Surging demand for asset optimization and energy storage
As the backbone of the modern smart city, a smart grid leverages technology-driven
innovation to provide cost-effective, consistent, and clean energy while improving asset
management and reducing T&D (transmission and distribution) losses.
A smart grid is a hallmark of a smart city that thrives on making smart energy available for
consumers.
Grid modernization is essential to replace the aging electric grid infrastructure with a strong
and responsive smart grid. Several smart grid improvements and smart grid initiatives
(planned, undertaken, and in progress) are optimizing the potential of smart grid
technologies.
Let us look at a few examples below:
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The Electric Power Research Institute (https://www.epri.com/) (EPRI) conducted the global
smart grid implementation assessment to assess the development and deployment of smart
grid projects worldwide.
Duke Energy (https://www.duke-energy.com/home)—one of the largest energy holding
companies in the U.S.—is investing heavily in smart grid technologies for a more customer-
centric, efficient, and reliable grid.
Duke Energy has partnered with government agencies, research labs, utilities, and vendors to
develop and commercialize the Open Field Message Bus (https://www.duke-energy.com/our-
company/about-us/smart-grid/coalition) (OpenFMB™). This field device interoperability
framework aims to reduce implementation complexity and integration costs.
The Government of India established National Smart Grid Mission
(https://www.nsgm.gov.in/en/nsgm) (NSGM) to plan and monitor smart grid policy and
program implementation in the country. NSGM also offers capacity-building and training
support to State Level Project Management Units (SLPMUs) for smart grid activities.
Schneider Electric (https://www.se.com/ww/en/)’s smart grid solutions are valuable in
building a decarbonized, decentralized, and digitized world. For example, the EcoStruxure™
Grid provides an end-to-end software cycle to help electricity utilities mitigate cyber risk and
sustain operational confidence.
Wrapping Up
Using IT in the energy sector is transforming how energy consumption is measured and
managed across local, state, and national-level energy systems. Smart grids make it easier to
establish efficient links between power grids, power-generating facilities, and power
consumers.
Active consumer participation in tracking electricity usage through smart meters is also
helping utility companies provide better control over energy usage to consumers.
Furthermore, government policies, grants, subsidies, and other utility incentive programs are
enhancing smart grid adoption and promoting energy-efficiency projects, globally.
In the coming years, smart grid devices and systems will play a significant role in fulfilling the
energy supply needs of businesses, utilities, industrial and residential customers.
Augmenting or replacing traditional grid applications with smart grid applications is a proven
way to provide a more dependable, efficient, secure, and versatile power system with a
positive environmental impact.
A smart grid is an agile and adaptable electricity grid capable of meeting all types of energy
needs. In the future, there are only greater possibilities ahead for the new-age smart grid.
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