Communication skill in English work book unit 01

Vidya Vikas Education Trust ®
Viday Vikas Polytechnic College
Department of Mechanical (General)
Mr. THANMAY J S Be, M-Tech, H.O.D Mechanical (General), Vidya Vikas Polytechnic College, Mysore Page 1
Communication Skills - 20EG01P
STUDENT WORK BOOK
UNIT- 01
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL (General)
Name of the Student: ………………………………………………………………….
Register Number: ………………………………………………………………….
Semester: ………………………………………………………………….
Branch: ………………………………………………………………….

UNIT 1: Activities
Topic: English – Introduction
1. 42 sounds revision
• This helps in reducing the native language impact
• Helps in understanding Short and Long vowel words
• Helps in spelling
• Helps in pronunciation
Blending words activity:
• Write simple three letter words and pattern words
• Show how to blend with the sound.
• Starting with 3 letter words and continuing to 6 to 8 letter words.
2. Reading commonly used words loud from the list:
• This helps in getting familiarity with the word pronunciation and helps in reading.
3. Building sentence using parts of speech
Jumbled parts of speech:
4. Gender, Singular and Plurals:
• Match the following activity for singular and plural
• Fill in the blanks activity for genders
5. Reading & Comprehension: Conversation
• Conversation at the bank
• Questions based on this conversation

Activities Completion Chart
Activity Number Completion Date Students Signature
Activity 01
Activity 02
Activity 03
Activity 04
Activity 05
Activity 06
Activity 07
Activity 08
Activity 09
Activity 10
Activity 11
Activity 12
Activity 13
Activity 14
Activity 15
Activity 16
Activity 17
Activity 18
Activity 19
Activity 20
Activity 21
Activity 22
Activity 23
Activity 24
Activity 25
Activity 26
Activity 27
Activity 28
Activity 29
Activity 30
Activity 31
Activity 32
Activity 33
Activity 34
Activity 35
Activity 36
Activity 37

1. “42”- sounds revision
People with good communication skills are likely to be understood even though they make
errors in other areas, whereas people with bad pronunciation will not be understood, even if
their grammar is perfect.
Pronunciation
Pronunciation is the way words are spoken. It is very important and critical for proper
communication because the incorrect use of pronunciation inevitably leads to the message
being misunderstood by the recipient. It is integral part of spoken language and plays
important role in the sound system of any language.
Major components of pronunciation includes:
· Segment -- collection of sounds of a language for example, intonation, syllable, phrasing
· Rhythm -- voice quality to indicate how the voice is projected
· Gestures and Expressions: closely related to the way we speak language
Phonemic Awareness
Correct pronunciation of words in English requires an understanding of the different sounds
of spoken English.
A phoneme is a speech sound. It’s the smallest unit of sound that distinguishes one word
from another.
Since sounds cannot be written, we use letters to represent sounds. There are approximately
44 sounds in English, with some variation dependent on accent and articulation. These
44sounds are represented by the 26 letters of the alphabet individually and in combination.
Further, these sounds are broadly divided into 2 groups based on the functionality and they
are called Vowels & Consonants.
There are 20 vowels and 21 consonants in English language. Every word in English
language is a combination of vowels and consonants. Hence it is very important to
understand the sound and usage of these vowels and consonants for right pronunciation.
However in this section, we are only working on the basic understanding of Vowels and
Consonants to increase the efficiency in Pronunciation and Communication.

Vowel and Vowel Sounds: [a/ /e/ /i/ /o/ /u/ are Vowel]
Short Vowels:
For example: Cat, Pet, Sit, Pot, Cut.
In the above examples, /a/ /e/ /i/ /o/ /u/ you hear the SOUND of these letters.
In a Short Vowel word, you hear the sound of the letter. Usually a word with Short vowel is
made up of ONLY ONE VOWEL Sound. This follows CVC (Consonant Vowel Consonant)
Format.
Long Vowels:
For example: Rain, Teeth, Pie, Toast, Cue, Kite
In the above examples, /ai/ /ee/ /ie/ /oa/ /ue/ - You hear the NAME of the respective first letters
In a Long Vowel word, you hear the name of the letter. Usually a word with Long vowel is made
up of 2 vowels. This follows CVVC, CVCV formats.
In the following table, all the underlined letters represent SHORT Vowel sound and all the letters
in the box represent LONG Vowel sound. Rest of the letters represents CONSONANTS sounds.

Activity 01: Underline short Vowel
Activity 02: Fill in the blanks with the short vowel sounds given in the box:
Activity 03: Write the proper short vowel words in the space given below.
Clue: The first letter of each word is underlined.
1.
2.
3.
4.

5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Activity 04: Underline Long Vowel
Activity 05: Fill in the blanks with the Long vowel sounds given in the box:

Activity 06: Write the proper Long vowel words in the space given below.
Clue: The first letter of each word is underlined.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

2. Reading commonly used words loud from the list: knowledge of phonemes (speech
sounds)
Reading “ch” words: Note:“tch” makes the same sound as “ch”
Reading “sh” words:
Reading “th” words:
Reading “qu” words:

Reading “ng” words:
Commonly Used Word List
Practice and use these words in the following table in day to day communication.

3. Parts of Speech:
There are many, many words in the English language, but our language is built on only eight
parts of speech. This means that all of the words function as only one of these eight. Some words
can function as more than one part of speech, so it's important that you understand the eight parts
of speech and their functions so that you can recognize them in sentences.
a) Nouns
Nouns are words that name people, places, things, and ideas. They can be common noun
(generic) or proper noun (referring to a specific person, place, or thing). Nouns function as
subjects and objects in sentences.
Activity 07: Write two proper nouns you know of for each common noun.
Sl No Common Nouns Proper Nouns
1 Chocolate
a. Amul
b. Kit Kat
2 Tooth Paste
a .......................................
b .......................................
3 College
a .......................................
b .......................................
4 City
a .......................................
b .......................................
5 Month
a .......................................
b .......................................
6 Days
a .......................................
b .......................................
7 Festival
a .......................................
b .......................................
8 Animal
a .......................................
b .......................................

Activity 08: Underline the common nouns and circle the proper nouns in these paragraphs
as shown below.
Activity 09: Fill in the form with proper nouns.

b) Singular and Plural Nouns
Singular means only one. Plural means more than one. In order to make a noun plural, it is
usually only necessary to add -s or –es

Activity 10: Underline the nouns in the poem and say whether they are singular (S) or
plural (P)
Activity 11: Complete these sentences with the plural forms of the nouns in the brackets.

c) Articles
“A”, “An” and “The” are used before singular nouns. “A” and “An” are indefinite articles.
“The” is a definite article.
 “An” is used before nouns beginning with vowel sounds such as a, e, I, o, u.
An elephant, an ostrich, an eagle, an antelope
 “A” is used before nouns beginning with consonant sounds such as b, d,t,k,g,s, and so on.
A tiger, a wolf, a lion, a camel
 “The” is a definite article. Use it for specific representation of noun.
 After the long day, the cup of tea tasted particularly good.
By using the article “The”, we‟ve shown that it was one specific day that was long and
one specific cup of tea that tasted good.
 I have a car. The car is green.
A car means any car. We use the car when it is clear which car we are talking about.
Activity 12: Complete the paragraph with “A” or “An”.
Activity 13: Complete the following sentences with “A”, “An” or “The”.

Activity 14: Write “A”, “An” or “The” to complete the following story.
d) Pronouns are words that take the place of a noun in a sentence. Pronouns are used to add
variety and to simplify speaking or writing so that the writer or speaker doesn't have to repeat
the nouns in the sentence.
Examples: I, me, he, she, it, we, us, them, ours
Activity 15:

Activity 16: Rewrite these sentences with he, she, it, we, or they in place of the words
underlined.
e) Adjectives
Adjectives are words that describe nouns or pronouns. They give more information about the
noun or pronoun, and are often called "descriptive words."
Examples: Clever, sweet, neat, clean, honest, cheerful, loud, pretty, red, new, expensive

Activity 17: Pick out the adjectives in these sentences and write them in the blanks.
Activity 18: Match the adjectives in column A with the nouns in column B. Write them in
column C

f) Verbs
Verbs indicate action. These verbs are words that tell us what the subject of a sentence or clause
is doing.
Examples: smile, wave, sail, swim, run, dive, play, walk, cry, yawn
Activity 19: Circle the verb in each sentence.
Activity 20: Fill in the blanks with the verbs given in the box:

g) Adverbs
Adverbs are words that give more information about the verb. Adverbs answer questions like
when, where, why, how, to what extent, and under what condition. Sometimes, adverbs end in
"ly" but not all adverbs end in "ly."
Examples: very, when, why, quite, carefully, loudly, softly, neatly, slowly
Activity 21: Underline the correct adverbs to complete these sentences.
Activity 22: Look at the underlined adjectives and complete these sentences with the
correct adverbs.

h) Prepositions
Prepositions are words that describe the relationship between a noun and another
noun/pronoun/phrase.
These are words that tell us about the position of someone or something. These words tell us
where someone or something is.
Examples: in, out, beside, above, below, on, under, between, near
Activity 23: Complete the sentences using on, at, by, with, about
Activity 24: Complete the sentences using opposite, beside, by, under, above, below, on, in
front of and behind:

Activity 25: Complete the following with- in / at/ on:
i) Conjunctions
Conjunctions are words that link words, phrases, and clauses in a sentence.
Examples: and, but, or, nor, so, however, therefore
Activity 26:

Activity 27: Join these two sentences using or, and, but.
j) Interjections
Interjections are words that are exclamations or abrupt remarks that are somewhat of an
interruption or an aside. Examples: Ah! Yes! Wow! Cool! Woah!
Activity 28: Choose the right words:

Summary: Parts of Speech
Following table provides the summary of all the parts of speech. Use it as a quick reference:

3. Building sentence using parts of speech; jumbled parts of speech.
Sentences: A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought, and includes a
subject and a predicate.
The subject of the sentence is what (or whom) the sentence is about. In the sentence. A
predicate is the part of a sentence, or a clause, that tells what the subject is doing or what the
subject is.
Example: “The cat is sleeping in the sun.” The word cat is the subject, sleeping in the sun is the
predicate.
Rules for Writing Sentences: Following are the basic rules to remember:
Types of Sentences

Activity 29: Complete the sentences in your own words.
Activity 30:

Active and passive Voice
The verbs underlined in sentences “a” are in the active voice. The verbs underlined in sentences
“b” are in passive voice.
In active voice sentences the subject does the action expressed in the verb. The sentence that uses
the active voice is stronger, uses fewer words, and clearly shows who performs the action.
Example: The tourists are feeding the duck.
In passive voice sentences the subject receives the action Expressed in the verb. The sentence
that uses the passive voice is weaker and less direct.
Example: The ducks are being fed by the tourists.
Activity 31: Underline the main verb in each sentence. Identify each sentence as active (A)
or passive (P) and write it in the brackets.
Activity 32: Change these sentences from active to passive voice or vice versa.

3. Gender, Singular and Plural
Gender is a category of noun. There are four types of Genders.
Masculine Gender: The names of all male persons or animals are said to be of the Masculine
Gender. Example: man, actor, uncle, hero, king, lion etc.
Feminine Gender: The names of all female persons or animals are said to be of the Feminine
Gender. Example: woman, aunt, daughter, actress, queen, lioness etc.
Neuter Gender: Things without life cannot be distinguished either as male or female; hence the
names of such things are said to be of the Neuter Gender. Example: house, knife, tree, chair,
table, book, ball etc.
Common Gender: Names that can be used for both males and females are said to be of the
Common Gender. Example: child, parent, student etc.
Methods to distinguish the Feminine Noun from the Masculine Noun;
1. By making change in the last part of the word.
2. By adding a word after or before.
3. By changing the word.
Some Feminine are formed by simply adding –ess
to the Masculine.
The Feminine of a Compound Noun is formed by
changing that part which shows the gender.

Many Nouns have different words for the
Masculine and the Feminine
Note – Also note how the following Feminines are
formed:
Activity 32: Use the word list and fill in the relevant gender

Activity 33: Fill in the blanks activity for genders
[Heifer, bitch, bridegroom, spinster nephew, Mare, Nun, Drone, Witch, Vixen]
1) Feminine gender of „Bachelor‟ is ________ .
2) Change the Gender: „Dog‟ ________ .
3) Give opposite gender for: „Bullock‟ ________ .
4) Give opposite gender for: „Monk‟. ________ .
5) Fill in the blanks with opposite gender of „Niece‟ is ________ .
6) Masculine gender of „Bee‟ is ____________ .
7) Feminine form of: „Horse‟ ________ .
8) Give opposite gender for: „Wizard‟. ________ .
9) Change the Gender: “Fox” ________ .
10) Give opposite gender for: „Bride‟. ________ .
Singular and Plural
Regular nouns:
Most singular nouns form the plural by adding -s.
Singular Plural
boat boats
house houses
A singular noun ending in s, x, z, ch, sh makes the plural by adding-es.
Singular Plural
bus buses
wish wishes

A singular noun ending in a consonant and then y makes the plural by dropping the y and
adding-ies.
Singular Plural
spy spies
baby babies
Irregular nouns
There are some irregular noun plurals. The most common ones are listed below.
Singular Plural
woman women
man men
child children
foot feet
Some nouns have the same form in the singular and the plural.
Singular Plural
sheep sheep
fish fish
deer deer
species species

Activity 34: Match the following activity for singular and plural
Set A Set B

4. Reading & Comprehension: Conversation
Conversation with the Doctor
Patient: Good morning Doctor!
Doctor: Good morning Mr.Sharma, what is the problem?
Patient: I have been having fever for the last two days. I took aspirin tablets but the fever
persists.
Doctor: Well, anything else? I mean loss of appetite or pain somewhere?
Patient: Yes, Doctor, I don‟t feel hungry at all and get tired soon, even if I walk around a little
bit. But I am having no pain at all anywhere.
Doctor: Please lie down on the couch. I shall examine you.
Patient: Yes, of course.
Doctor: You have only viral fever and there is nothing to worry. I‟m prescribing some
medicines. Please take these medicines for five days.
Patient: Thank you Doctor. Should I take leave from the office?
Doctor: Yes, it will be better if you take rest for a week. Do take plenty of water and avoid fried
and spicy food.
Patient: Very well, doctor
Doctor: Do come over for a checkup after five days. I‟m sure you will be all right. Here is your
prescription.
Patient: Thank you very much. Good bye.
Doctor: Bye. Mr.Sharma.
Activity 35: Read the conversation passages two or three times and then answer the
following questions:

Activity 36: Vocabulary
Write down the meaning of the following words from the dictionary.
Activity 37: Grammar
Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions:

Communication skill in English work book unit 01

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