Communal riots occur due to socio-cultural differences between communities in India. Contributing factors include a gap between expectations and achievement due to economic, social, or political changes, as well as inequality based on religion or caste. Major communal riots in India's history include those in Calcutta (1946), during Partition (1947), the Delhi Sikh massacre (1984), Bhagalpur (1989), Hyderabad (1990), Kashmir (1990), Ayodhya (1992), Bombay (1993), and Gujarat (2002). The Gujarat riots led to segregation of Hindu and Muslim localities and significant property damage, loss of life, and disabilities. To remedy the situation, impartial

1. COMMUNAL RIOTS
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2. WHAT IS COMMUNAL RIOTS
Communal riots are an
indicator of socio-cultural
difference existing between
the communities
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3. CONTRIBUTING FACTORS
• When a gap between expectation and
achievement develops due to change in
economic, social and political situations
or psychological reasons, deprivation
sets in at individual and/or group levels.
• When inequality is done with the
individual or the group on the basis of
religion or caste.
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4. IMAGES
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5. MAJOR COMMUNAL RIOTS
TAKEN PLACE IN INDIA
• Calcutta riots or direct action day riots(1946)
• Partition riots(1947)
• Delhi sikh massacre(1984)
• Bhagalpur riots, Bihar(1989)
• Hyderabad riots(1990)
• Gawakadal massacre,kashmir(1990)
• Ayodhya riots(1992)
• Bombay riots(1993)
• Gujarat bloodshed(2002)
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6. GUJARAT BLOODSHED
RIOTS
IMAGES OF GUJARAT RIOTS
• The violent clashes
between the two
communities during these
riots led to the
segregation of Hindu and
Muslim localities.
• It had taken place in
godhra.
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7. DAMAGE
• A lot damage take place of property and
lives
• Many buildings and houses are burnt and
pulled down
• A great loss of lives occurs and also many
becomes disabled
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8. ROLE OF GOVERNMENT
• During communal violence armed
forces should be called to control
the situation and curfew should be
done to control the situation.
• Also they should provide help to
injured
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9. REMEDIES
• To assess the role of various groups, parties,
administration and police a commission of
impartial citizens should be appointed and their
findings considered as an indictment and
criminal actions should be taken against those
responsible for the perpetration of violence
• Peace marches, campaign to awaken common
sense may have symbolic value but we must
strive to remove the basic causes responsible
for the communal disharmony.
• The secular, rational and scientific outlook and
equal inculcate humanist values and a common
sense of citizenship in the people
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10. FUTURE SCENARIO
• Looking at the factors and forces responsible for
the riots and every riot becoming more
organized, widespread, and use of more and
more lethal weapons it can be assumed that
soon it would take the shape of pitched battles,
like a civil war.
• If we want to save our nation from such a fate a
concerted economic, political and socio-cultural
program should be initiated and followed
vigorously.
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11. Presented By
• Name: visha patel
• Class: B.B.A(I.T.M)SEM-4
• Roll no:57
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12. THANK YOU
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